Worse Than Human?, Michael Risch, Derek E. Bambauer

Faculty Publications

The rise of algorithm-driven decision making enabled by Big Data has generated widespread concern among legal scholars. However, few critics have considered data on people’s existing preferences about the role of algorithms in decision systems. This Article uses empirical analysis of a novel, large dataset of consumer surveys to elucidate those preferences. The surveys explore whether people prefer to have an algorithm or a human determine an outcome affecting their welfare in a range of representative scenarios with varying stakes. The Article examines how preferences change when one type of decisionmaker produces results that are more accurate, faster, cheaper, or …

Perception Of And Attitudes Towards Plagiarism Among Graduate Students In Ghana, Aba Amandzewaa Anaman Ms, Francis Agyei Mr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

ABSTRACT

This study investigated students’ perception of plagiarism, sources of information on plagiarism, attitude towards plagiarism, reasons for acts of plagiarism and knowledge of the consequences of plagiarism. A quantitative approach was used. Data was gathered using survey from a sample size of 319 graduate students of University of Ghana, selected using the stratified sampling technique. The main data collection instrument was the questionnaire and the data were analysed descriptively. Findings showed a universal awareness of plagiarism with lecturers as their major source of information. Students generally had a basic understanding of the concept of plagiarism but have broadened the …

Information Needs And Requirements Of The Rural Population Of Tamilnadu And Relevance Of Common Service Centers: A Study, Dr. P. Muthumari Dr. P. Muthumari

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

The basic needs of citizens, such as information, education, entertainment and health services, may be addressed through the establishment of Community Service Centres. The CSC Network will serve as a significant connectivity backbone to provide e-government, e-learning and other IT-enabled platforms. In this paper, the investigator attempts to analyse the information needs of rural people in Tamilnadu and to identify the relevance of the Community Service Centers.

A Scientometric Analysis Of Indian Publication Output In Clean Water And Sanitation During 2011-2020, Abhishek Kumar Sharma

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6) seeks to ensure the availability of safe and affordable access to drinking water and sanitation facilities for all. Research on clean water and sanitation aims to increase access to safe, adequate, and affordable water for people to meet their drinking, sanitation, and hygiene needs. The paper analyses Indian research output in clean water and sanitation on a series of quantitative and qualitative indicators, using the SCOPUS database. The results revealed an increasing trend in scholarly output and identified contributions of India, as well as most productive Indian authors and institutions in the …

Developing Entrepreneurial Potential In Information Science Students: A Critical Review Of Lis Training Programs In Kenya, Arnold Mwanzu, Dickens Rodriguez Wendo

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the state of entrepreneurial education in library and information science programs and the influence that entrepreneurial education has on LIS students. The study adopted a descriptive research design approach. Both primary and secondary data was collected through questionnaires, observation and data review. The study population comprised of diploma and undergraduate students as well as alumni of LIS. The research data was analyzed through descriptive statistics and the results presented in tables. The findings showed that only basic entrepreneurship education was offered in LIS programs and not incorporated across all the years of …

Role Of Libraries In Preservation And Accessibility Of Indigenous Knowledge: A Study Of University Libraries In Northeast India, Jangkhohao Hangshing, Bikika Laloo

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The significance of Indigenous knowledge and its role are being recognized worldwide today. However there is the grave danger of its extinction due to internal and external factors. That the preservation of indigenous knowledge is a pertinent and urgent matter is being acknowledged by the stakeholders – indigenous communities, researchers and libraries alike. Print and Digital preservation in the library are among the best means for managing information including indigenous knowledge. This study reports results of a study on challenges in digital management and accessibility of indigenous knowledge in select university libraries of Northeast India. It found that though …

Scientometric Analysis Of Global Publication Output In Liposome Research (2011-2020), Abhishek Kumar Sharma

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The paper examines 32855 papers published on liposome research during the years 2011−20, as listed in the Scopus database. The global publication output on liposome research increased from 2907 in 2011 to 3695 in 2020 with average annual growth of 2.76%. The United States was the most productive country in liposome research followed by China and India. The maximum number of papers on liposome research were published by researchers from the Ministry of Education China (640 publications), CNRS (550 publications), and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (454 publications). Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology account for the largest number of publications …

The Challenges Of New Educations For University Students In Covid-19 Outbreak, Alireza Atarodi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract:

Introduction: Virtual or online education is one of the common methods in different countries of the world, something that can be more used in different and special situations or conditions such as, we are today confronting with, Covid-19 pandemic. It is faced today with different challenges mostly in education for higher education students. We surveyed the challenges of new educations for university students in covid-19 outbreak.

Methods: To conduct the survey research we studied the related text with the subject in the web and asked some students views and thoughts on new education, e-learning, online or virtual …

Impact Of Library In Naac For Better Visibility In Enhancing Research: An Analysis Of Central Universities In India, Dr.Jaydeep Mehta, Dr.Meghna Vyas

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper has made an attempt to explore the role of library in NAAC process and SSR analysis of top graded central universities of India. NAAC has become an important part for higher education system to highlight qualitative part of the institute/university. An institution/university has to prepare the SSR (Self Study Report) in three parts such as- institutional data, evaluative report and SWOC analysis before NAAC visit. The process of NAAC accreditation takes place once in five years. SSR reports of 17 central universities (NAAC accredited “A” or above graded) have been taken to prepare this paper and analysis has …

Entitlement To Punishment, Kyron J. Huigens

Articles

This Article advances the idea of entitlement to punishment as the core of a normative theory of legal punishment's moral justification. It presents an alternative to normative theories of punishment premised on desert or public welfare; that is, to retributivism and consequentialism. The argument relies on H.L.A. Hart's theory of criminal law as a "choosing system," his theory of legal rules, and his theory of rights. It posits the advancement of positive freedom as a morally justifying function of legal punishment.

An entitlement to punishment is a unique, distinctive legal relation. We impose punishment when an offender initiates an ordered …

Majestic Law And The Subjective Stop, Kyron J. Huigens

Articles

Justice John Paul Stevens subscribed to "a majestic conception" of the Constitution. This Article articulates and defends that vision. Majestic law and legal reasoning characteristically involve frank moral reasoning, such as one finds in the Eighth Amendment's "evolving standards of decency" test for proportionate punishment, or in Due Process formulations such as an appeal to "immutable principles of justice, which inhere in the very idea of free government." Majestic law employs moral values, norms, and judgments in legal reasoning, taking them on their own terms. Majestic legal reasoning does not weigh revealed preferences for decency, for example. It asks whether …

Use Of Social Media For Research And Scholarly Research Outputs Of Librarians In Two Universities In Enugu State, Felicia Ugwu, Richard Ugwuanyi, Obiageli Mbajiorgu, Caroline Nnadi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

xi

The study investigated the use of social media for research by librarians in two universities in Enugu State. Survey research design was adopted for the study while population of the study consists of all the 97 librarians in the University of Nigeria, Nsukka and Enugu State University of Science and Technology. Sample for the study include all the 97librarians hence purposive sampling technique was adopted. Instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire made up of five clusters derived from the research questions. Out of the 97 questionnaires distributed, 93 (90.2%) useful copies were returned. Data was analyzed using …

Comparative Analysis Of The Content Of The Library Websites Of The Top Ten Indian Universities (As Per Nirf Ranking Of The Year 2021), Indranil Chakraborty

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

With the advent of ICT tools and techniques in library environment library website has served as a gateway to reach out to library system and services. The present study deals with analysis of the content of top ten NIRF ranked universities located within India as per the rank list published in the year 2021 by taking into account 58 criteria arranged in nine checklists. From the study it was found that all the university libraries taken under study have covered a whole range of information related to general information, library collection and E-resources possessed by them. Very few university libraries …

User’S Needs And Behaviour Of Information Seeking In Pure Science Departments In Burdwan University, Amit Kumar Das, Sukumar Mandal

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Purpose

Library and information science, information needs and information seeking behavior is an important research area for finding the users’ needs and user survey on the use of information resources. University library is the hub of widely-used and available information resources. ICT, web, and advancements of arrays of application have changed today libraries system and services. University library system is the not the exception. Assessment of information seeking behaviour is very much essential for users of university library mainly the research scholars and the faculty members.

Methodology

The respondents in this present investigation were pure science departments’ (mainly Chemistry, Mathematics, …

The Issue Class Revolution, Myriam E. Gilles, Gary Friedman

Articles

In 2013, four Supreme Court Justices dissented from the decision in Comcast Corp. v. Behrend, which established heightened requirements for the certification of damages class actions. In a seemingly offhanded footnote, these dissenters observed that district courts could avoid the individualized inquiries that increasingly doom damages classes by certifying a class under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23(c)(4) on liability issues only and "leaving individual damages calculations to subsequent proceedings." The dissenters were onto something big. In fact, the issue class and follow-on damages model has broad potential to restore the efficacy of aggregate litigation across several substantive areas …

A Bridge Between Users And Library Professionals Amid And Post Covid-19 Pandemic: Use Of Virtual Reference Services In The Top Five University Libraries Of World, Saumya Gupta

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The paper discusses the importance of ICT in rendering Virtual Reference Services (VRS) in libraries during and post Covid-19. The application of ICT is not a new phenomenon in libraries. Still, the disclosure of physical buildings is a nudge for adapting technology to make the libraries relevant during and after the pandemic. The study highlights the various ways to render virtual reference services delivery that libraries can provide to their users by harnessing Information and Communication technology. The paper discusses the use of virtual reference services such as email, webform, VoIP, instant messaging, videoconferencing and online chat in libraries to …

Mdl Drano: Rule 23-Based Solutions To Mass Tort Buildup, Myriam E. Gilles, Gary Friedman

Articles

It has been taken as gospel, over the past quarter century, that class action procedures are unavailable in mass tort cases. This Article examines two distinct challenges to that assumption-one resting on Rule 23(c)(4)'s issue class procedure and the other on an innovation advanced by Francis McGovern, in whose honor this Article and symposium are dedicated.

Social Media Tools In Promoting Library Services: The Case Of College Libraries Of Assam During Covid 19 Pandemic, Indrakshi Das, Trinayan Borgohain

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Social media have become popularly use to seek information and have fascinated the library professionals to collect information in various perspectives. In the world wide there are so many acceptance regarding social media platform in college libraries. The study’s main objective is to understand the advantages of social media and find out the use of social media by the college librarians of Assam particularly during the Covid 19 situation. This study adopted a sample of 295 librarians from the zone. The results indicate that majority of librarians used social media for delivery of services. The results also demonstrated to explore …

Assessment Of Users' Satisfaction With Library Services And Resources At Tashieyio Mohammed Library Of Nurses And Midwives Training College, Tamale., Mohammed Nurudeen Yahuza, Gazale Seidu

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study investigated users’ satisfaction with library services and resources provided by Tashieyio Mohammed Library of Nurses’ and Midwives’ Training College, Tamale. The survey design was used. Stratified random sampling was used to select a sample size of seventy-three (73) respondents out of seven hundred and thirty (730) population for the study. A self-designed questionnaire was used to gather data and the software used to analyze the data was the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS).

The outcome of the study indicates that 82.2% of respondents fall between the age brackets of 21-30 which reflects the character of a college …

Enhancing Reading Among The Runaway Children: A Field Experience, Veena Thakare, Rajendra Kumbhar Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper recounts the field experience of a Read-Aloud session conducted at Children’s Observation Home, Umerkhadi, Mumbai. Importance of reading for pleasure, with regards to runaway children, is enumerated. The status of runaway children in India and various initiatives to help them are discussed, with special reference to Children’s Aid Society, an organization aided by Government of Maharashtra, and Committed Communities Development Trust, the organizers of the session. Objectives were to explain the benefits of reading to the children; to provide them a hands-on experience of specially selected story-books; to engage their attention with read-aloud; and to encourage them to …

Digging The Issues And Concerns In Subject Access Towards Discoverability Of Information And Resources, David A. Cabonero, Judy Ann P. Jandoc, Jeazel T. Cabalo, Wina B. Dominguez

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

There is an information explosion in this computer age due to the rapid developments of information and communications technology. As a result, research and studies are quickly published because of faster printing and open access publishing. With these, access to information and resources is somewhat compromised. Without access, these collections are meaningless to educators, researchers, scholars, and other information users. Thus, this study prompted to determine the: 1) level of familiarity in the fundamental principles of subject cataloging; 2) level of usage familiarity of: a) grammar and code of relationships, b) types of subject headings and subdivisions, and c) authority …

Rural Library And Its Benefit On Socio-Economic Development: Bibliometrics And Systematic Literature Review Analysis Based On Scopus Database, Husnul Mirzal

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Rural library has a very important role in improving rural community literacy so that it will have an impact on social-economic development. This study aims to look at research trends related to rural libraries in Scopus database in the last ten years, and their benefits on socio-economic community development. The research was conducted using a bibliometrics analysis method to see research trend related to rural libraries and using Systematic Literature Review method to analyze the benefits of Rural Library on socio-economic, health and education. The results show that research related to rural libraries in Scopus Database is increasingly in demand, …

Research Trend Of The Malaysian Journal Of Library And Information Science: A Bibliometrics Analysis Through Scopus Database, Shailesh Kumar Singh, Dr.Akhilesh Kumar Varma, Tanuja Bisht

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of this research is to look at the literature published in the Malaysian Journal of Library and Information Science (MJLIS) from 1996 and 2021. The data for this study was taken from the Scopus Database. During the research study, 448 publications were identified. Bibliometric indices such as annual growth rate (AGR), relative growth rate (RGR), and doubling time (Dt), authorship pattern, degree of collaboration (DC), collaborative index (CI), most productive Institutes, and so on were used by the researchers. The study's findings suggest that the maximum number of papers (28.25%) were published in 2011, while the lowest number …

Subject Headings List For Filipino Cultural Literature And Studies: The Case Of An Academic Library, Pacita P. Sugando, David A. Cabonero

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study aimed to determine the status, describe the importance, and identify the challenges encountered by catalogers, specifically on the subject authority files for Filipino cultural literature and studies at the University of Baguio (UB) Libraries. The study used a quantitative method to determine the status, importance, and challenges on the subject authority files using a researcher-made questionnaire and a qualitative method to analyze the existing subject headings used in the OPAC to reflect the local subject headings. The catalogers validated the use of local terms as subject headings through an interview. The primary respondents were the 13 librarians of …

Channel Integration Approach In The Metropolitan University Libraries In India, Srijani Kundu, Parikshit Mondal Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The medium which carries out telecommunication is referred to as a channel. In India, the subscriber base of the telecommunication channels is huge, dynamic, and ever-changing. To satisfy the changing channel preferences of the learners of diverse demographics virtually, it is important for the university libraries situated in metropolitan cities in India to integrate multiple channels. The channel integration strategy allows coordinating multiple channels to create and connect different paths for the clients to reach the same organization. The study has featured the channel integration status in the libraries of 46 UGC-listed universities of four metropolitan cities- Chennai, Delhi, Kolkata, …

Assessment Of The Privacy And Security Practices Of The Indian Academic Websites, Chanlang Ki Bareh

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study presents the comprehensive assessment of the Indian Institutions of National Importance (IoNI) website’s privacy and security practices. These 130 IoNI websites were selected because of the status conferred to premier institutions by the Government of India. This empirical study was based on webometric methods that assessed the quantitative aspects of information technologies structures on the web. The study also employed content analysis for analyzing the sites privacy policies. The assessment reveals numerous security vulnerabilities like the adoption of HTTPS may not always provide better protection to their users because 39 websites do not have TLS encrypted connection; still …

Blockchain Neutrality, Samuel N. Weinstein

Articles

Blockchain technology is transforming how markets work. Blockchains eliminate the need for trusted gatekeepers like banks to execute, verify, and record transactions. In the financial markets, their disruptive potential threatens both Wall Street banks and Silicon Valley venture capitalists. How blockchain technology is regulated will determine whether it encourages or inhibits competition. Some blockchain applications present serious fraud and systemic risks, complicating regulation. This Article explores the antitrust and competition policy challenges blockchain presents and proposes a regulatory strategy, modeled on Internet regulation and net neutrality principles, to unlock blockchain’s competitive potential. It contends that financial regulators should promote blockchain …

Mapping The Scholarly Publications Of Central University Of Gujarat, Parul Chavda Ms., Indira Dodiya Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study attempts to analyze research publications of Central University of Gujarat (CUG) during the period of 2010 - 2020. The bibliographic data for this study was extracted from the Scopus database. This paper analyses 771 research papers published by Central University of Gujarat during the period under the study. The study examine the year-wise research publications, authorship pattern, degree of collaboration, types of document, preferred journals for publication, prolific author, h-index, most collaborating institutions and countries etc. Additionally, in this research paper different software used e.g. ‘MS-Excel’, ‘bibliometrix’ & ‘biblioshiny’ of R-Package, VOSviwer applied for the analysis and data …

Assessment Of Teachers’ Level Of Information And Communication Technology Skills And Their Attitude To Virtual Teaching: Implication For Library And Information Science Teaching, Ifeoma Clementina Metu Phd, Ngozi Nwabugo Agu Phd, Lydia Ijeoma Eleje Phd, Mercy Ifunanya Ani Phd, Nneka Chinyere Ezeugo Phd, Christian Sunday Ugwuanyi Phd

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

To ensure effective teaching and learning of Library and information science in schools, adequate information, and communication technology skills of teachers are sacrosanct. Thus, this study assessed the level of information and communication technology abilities among secondary school teachers, as well as their attitudes about virtual teaching. In addition, the investigation was intended to see if there is a link between respondents' attitudes about virtual teaching and their ability to use virtual technologies and whether there is a location gap between the study variables. The study's participants are all secondary school teachers in Nigeria's Anambra state public schools. Multi-stage sampling …

The Rise Of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations: Opportunities And Challenges, Aaron J. Wright

Articles

The article explores the rise of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs), highlighting their potential to transform traditional organizational structures through blockchain technology and smart contracts. DAOs offer operational efficiencies, such as decentralized governance and transparent decision-making, but face significant legal challenges, including lack of recognition, liability concerns, and regulatory uncertainties. The article argues that U.S. business law, with its emphasis on private ordering, could accommodate DAOs, but legal adaptations are necessary to address their unique characteristics and ensure widespread adoption.