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Daily Eastern News: February 04, 2021, Eastern Illinois University

February

No abstract provided.

An Egocentric Network Contact Tracing Experiment: Testing Different Procedures To Elicit Contacts And Places, Andrew Pilny, C. Joseph Huber

Communication Faculty Publications

Contact tracing is one of the oldest social network health interventions used to reduce the diffusion of various infectious diseases. However, some infectious diseases like COVID-19 amass at such a great scope that traditional methods of conducting contact tracing (e.g., face-to-face interviews) remain difficult to implement, pointing to the need to develop reliable and valid survey approaches. The purpose of this research is to test the effectiveness of three different egocentric survey methods for extracting contact tracing data: (1) a baseline approach, (2) a retrieval cue approach, and (3) a context-based approach. A sample of 397 college students were randomized …

Usage Statistics: Project Counter R5 Tr_J1 Report Fy2020 - Journal Requests (Excluding Oa_Gold) By Title, Andrée Rathemacher

Technical Services Reports and Statistics

Project COUNTER R5 Report TR_J1 for the University of Rhode Island for the period from July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2020. The TR_J1 report is defined as "Journal Requests (Excluding OA_Gold)." This report presents an annual total only of e-journal usage by title.

File for download is Excel spreadsheet generated by Alma Analytics.

Results:

• Total Item Requests - 846,964
• Unique Item Requests - 620,899

Cytokine Storms, Evolution And Covid-19, Joe Alcock, Alix Masters

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Since the identification of severe illness caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the role of the host immune system in causing disease has attracted widespread attention, along with intense interest in medical interventions that target the host immune response. A wide variety of agents have been proposed to treat a cytokine storm in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but so far, only one class of medications, corticosteroids, has proved useful. In recent decades, experimental therapies for cytokine storms have been tried and mostly failed to help patients with severe sepsis and other infections. We summarize this history in order to frame …

Efficacy And Safety Of The Mrna-1273 Sars-Cov-2 Vaccine, Lindsey R Baden, Hana M El Sahly, Brandon Essink, Karen Kotloff, Sharon Frey, Rick Novak, David Diemert, Stephen A Spector, Nadine Rouphael, C Buddy Creech, John Mcgettigan, Shishir Khetan, Nathan Segall, Joel Solis, Adam Brosz, Carlos Fierro, Howard Schwartz, Kathleen Neuzil, Larry Corey, Peter Gilbert, Holly Janes, Dean Follmann, Mary Marovich, John Mascola, Laura Polakowski, Julie Ledgerwood, Barney S Graham, Hamilton Bennett, Rolando Pajon, Conor Knightly, Brett Leav, Weiping Deng, Honghong Zhou, Shu Han, Melanie Ivarsson, Jacqueline Miller, Tal Zaks, Cove Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Vaccines are needed to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) and to protect persons who are at high risk for complications. The mRNA-1273 vaccine is a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA-based vaccine that encodes the prefusion stabilized full-length spike protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes Covid-19.

METHODS: This phase 3 randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted at 99 centers across the United States. Persons at high risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection or its complications were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive two intramuscular injections of mRNA-1273 (100 μg) or placebo 28 days apart. …

2021-02-03_Michiganoverview_Covidtestingtimes, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Testing Turnaround Data

The COVID Testing Turnaround Time page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163_98173-545615--,00.html.

This report was created by the Michigan Department of Health & Human Services, providing data for the past 14 days on the average time it takes for a diagnostic COVID-19 laboratory test to be reported to the state health department. Testing turnaround time data will be updated weekly on Friday mornings.

MDHHS receives results from commercial labs, hospitals, and public health labs. However, public health laboratories perform limited diagnostic testing and disease surveillance for infectious diseases. Total turnaround time is calculated from the difference of …

2021-02-03_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

February 3, 2021 Greenmail, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

GreenMail (student newsletter through 2024)

No abstract provided.

Seroprevalence Of Sars-Cov-2 Antibodies In Children And Adults In St. Louis, Missouri, Usa, Brittany K Smith, Andrew B Janowski, Jonathan E Danis, Ian B Harvey, Haiyan Zhao, Ya-Nan Dai, Christopher W Farnsworth, Ann M Gronowski, Stephen Roper, Daved H Fremont, David Wang

Open Access Publications

Reported coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case counts likely underestimate the true prevalence because mild or asymptomatic cases often go untested. Here, we use a sero-survey to estimate the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the St. Louis, MO, metropolitan area in a symptom-independent manner. Five hundred three adult and 555 pediatric serum/plasma samples were collected from patients presenting to Barnes-Jewish Hospital or St. Louis Children's Hospital between 14 April 2020 and 12 May 2020. We developed protocols for in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using spike and nucleoprotein and used the assays to estimate …

Urban-Rural Differences In Covid-19 Exposures And Outcomes In The South: A Preliminary Analysis Of South Carolina, Qian Huang, Sarah Jackson, Sahar Derakhshan, Logan Lee, Erika Pham, Amber Jackson, Susan L. Cutter

Faculty Publications

As the COVID-19 pandemic moved beyond the initial heavily impacted and urbanized Northeast region of the United States, hotspots of cases in other urban areas ensued across the country in early 2020. In South Carolina, the spatial and temporal patterns were different, initially concentrating in small towns within metro counties, then diffusing to centralized urban areas and rural areas. When mitigation restrictions were relaxed, hotspots reappeared in the major cities. This paper examines the county-scale spatial and temporal patterns of confirmed cases of COVID-19 for South Carolina from March 1st—September 5th, 2020. We first describe the initial diffusion of the …

Chloroquine: Autophagy Inhibitor, Antimalarial, Bitter Taste Receptor Agonist In Fight Against Covid-19, A Reality Check?, Pawan Sharma, Kielan D. Mcalinden, Saeid Ghavami, Deepak A. Deshpande

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic poses one of the greatest challenges to modern medicine. Therefore, identification of new therapeutic strategies seems essential either based on novel vaccines or drugs or simply repurposing existing drugs. Notably, due to their known safety profile, repurposing of existing drugs is the fastest and highly efficient approach to bring a therapeutic to a clinic for any new indication. One such drug that has been used extensively for decades is chloroquine (CQ, with its derivatives) either for malaria, lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. Accumulating body of evidence from experimental pharmacology suggests that CQ and related analogues also activate …

Spartan Daily, February 3, 2021, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2021

Volume 156, Issue 3

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 16, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Nutter, Abbey. Several Colleges Affected by Department Changes – Comprehensive Academic Program Evaluation
• Deppen, Laurel. WKU Professor on Kamala Harris Inauguration: There’s Still Work to Be Done – Saundra Ardrey
• Matthis, Jordan. Standing in My Truth – Rhondalyn Randolph
• Murray, Debra. State Bill to Help Students with Disciplinary Actions
• Kieser, Nick. How Fans Coped Without Live Sporting Events
• Toennies, Drew. Lady Toppers Win Triple Overtime Affair, Sweep Charlotte – Basketball
• Gaylord, Kaden. Hilltoppers Travel to Florida Atlantic University After One Week Delay – Basketball

2021-02-02_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Uab Seeks Volunteers For Parker High School, Hoover Met Sites As New Appointment-Only Drive-Through Opens In Hoover, Tyler Greer

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Improve The Risk Of Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections With Central Line Dressing Changes Through A Team Approach, Jessica Comstock

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) are a preventable hospital acquired infection which contributes to patient morbidity, mortality and rising healthcare costs.

PICOT: The PICOT question that guided this project was: In adult inpatients with central venous catheters, does the use of a two-person dressing change team, compared to a single person procedure, decrease the rate of central line associated bloodstream infections over the course of 8 weeks?

Evidence: The prevention of CLABSI is most effective when multifaceted line maintenance bundles are implemented and adherence to these bundles nears 100% (Schreiber et al. 2018).

Intervention: A two-person, …

Property And Intellectual Property In Vaccine Markets, Ana Santos Rutschman

Texas A&M Journal of Property Law

As biopharmaceutical forms of technology, vaccines constitute one of the most important tools for the promotion and maintenance of public health. Tolstoy famously wrote that “[h]appy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.” Vaccine markets offer perhaps one of the most extreme embodiments of Tolstoy’s principle in the field of biopharmaceutical innovation.

Vaccines are often described as one of the most unprofitable types of biopharmaceutical goods, under-incentivized from a research and development (“R&D”) perspective, and routinely failing to attract sufficient investment from traditional funders in biopharma. In this sense, and despite the scientifically well-established …

Differential Relationships Of Stress And Hiv Disclosure By Gender: A Person Centered Longitudinal Study, Chengbo Zeng, Shan Qiao Ph.D., Xiaoming Li Ph.D., Xueying Yang Ph.D., Zhiyong Shen, Yuejiao Zhou

Faculty Publications

Background: Existing literature mostly consider HIV disclosure as a static event and investigate its relationship with stress using a cross-sectional design. It is unclear about the dynamic changes of HIV disclosure levels (defined as the number of disclosure targets) and how stress may influence these changes. This study explored different disclosure levels using a person-centered longitudinal approach, examined whether stress could predict these disclosure levels, and investigated if this relationship differed by gender among people living with HIV (PLWH). Methods: Data were derived from a prospective cohort study conducted from November 2016 to January 2018 in Guangxi, China. Four hundred …

Data From: Recovery From Discrete Wound Severities In Side-Blotched Lizards (Uta Stansburiana): Implications For Energy Budget, Locomotor Performance, And Oxidative Stress, Susannah S. French, Spencer B. Hudson

Browse all Datasets

Wounding events (predation attempts, competitive combat) result in injuries and/or infections that induce integrated immune responses for the recovery process. Despite the survival benefits of immunity in this context, the costs incurred may require investment to be diverted from traits contributing to immediate and/or future survival, such as locomotor performance and oxidative status. Yet, whether trait constraints manifest likely depends on wound severity and the implications for energy budget. For this study, food intake, body mass, sprint speed, and oxidative indices (reactive oxygen metabolites, antioxidant capacity) were monitored in male side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana) healing from cutaneous wounds of discrete …

Pandemic Makes Chronic Disease Prevention A Priority., Karen S. Kmetik, Alexis Skoufalos, David B. Nash

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

This article is the authors' final version prior to publication in Population Health Management, Volume 24, Issue 1, February 2021, Pages 1-2

Final publication is available from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers https://doi.org/10.1089/pop.2020.0126

Unspoken Rules Associated With Publication Success, Jamie Saragossi

University Libraries Research Data

Large publications, such as the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), wield significant influence over clinical practice across all medical specialties. To identify the initial NEJM publications’ characteristics that were associated with a future “significant author” NEJM publication. For this purpose, first, second, and senior author ranks were defined as “significant author” roles.

METHODS: From 2002 – 2019, Medline NEJM original research articles containing a structured abstract were extracted; baseline study characteristics were evaluated as potential predictors of subsequent NEJM successful publication as significant author; the variables evaluated included the index publications’ co-author count, study design (e.g., clinical trial), grant …

Exploring Changes In Caregiver Burden And Caregiving Intensity Due To Covid-19, Steven Cohen, Zachary J. Kunicki, Megan M. Drohan, Mary L. Greaney

Public Health Faculty Publications

This study explored self-reported changes in caregiving intensity (CI) and caregiver burden (CB) among informal caregivers due to the COVID-19 pandemic overall and by gender. Informal caregivers for someone age 50+ completed a survey via Amazon’s MTurk in June 2020. Participants reported changes in CI and CB due to COVID-19 and provided demographic information. Multinomial logistic regression models assessed changes in CI and CB attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic overall and by gender. The sample (n = 835) was 68.5% male and had an average age of 34 years (SD 9.8); 55.7% had increased CI, and 53.1% had …

Rethinking The Role Of Demographers In Times Of Crisis, Thoai Ngo, Stephanie Psaki

Essays: Covid-19 and the Global Demographic Research Agenda

The authors call on demographers to promote research transparency; invest in global, collaborative research centers; and find new and innovative ways of sharing findings in real time.

Effect Of Low-Passage Number On Dengue Consensus Genomes And Intra-Host Variant Frequencies, Christian K. Fung, Tao Li, Simon Pollett, Maria Theresa Alera, In-Kyu Yoon, Jun Hang, Louis Macareo, Anon Srikiatkhachorn, Damon Ellison, Alan L. Rothman, Stefan Fernandez, Richard G. Jarman, Irina Maljkovic Berry

Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty Publications

Intra-host single nucleotide variants (iSNVs) have been increasingly used in genomic epidemiology to increase phylogenetic resolution and reconstruct fine-scale outbreak dynamics. These analyses are preferably done on sequence data from direct clinical samples, but in many cases due to low viral loads, there might not be enough genetic material for deep sequencing and iSNV determination. Isolation of the virus from clinical samples with low-passage number increases viral load, but few studies have investigated how dengue virus (DENV) culture isolation from a clinical sample impacts the consensus sequence and the intra-host virus population frequencies. In this study, we investigate consensus and …

Validating The Psychosocial Functioning During Covid-19 Questionnaire Among A Sample Of Informal Caregivers, Trisha Arnold, Zachary J. Kunicki, Brooke G. Rogers, Kayla K. Haubrick, Lynne Klasko-Foster, Alyssa L. Norris, Megan M. Drohan, Mary L. Greaney, Steven Cohen

Public Health Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a dramatic impact on global economies and societies. Although social distancing policies are needed to contain the spread and impact of COVID-19, they also impose a psychological and economic burden on people who are already experiencing increased distress such as caregivers. Yet, few measures have been developed and validated to measure the psychosocial impact of COVID-19. Utilizing item response theory (IRT), the purpose of this study was to develop and psychometrically validate a measure of psychosocial functioning—the Psychosocial Functioning during COVID-19 (PFC-19) Questionnaire—to assess changes in social interaction, mental health, health behavior, and global functioning …

Integrating Depression Management Into Hiv Care In Lilongwe, Malawi: Feasibility And Impact, Brian Wells Pence, Michael Udedi, Kazione Kulisewa, Mina C. Hosseinipour, Steven M. Mphonda, Melissa A. Stockton, Bradley N. Gaynes

HIV and AIDS

In Malawi, as in other sub-Saharan countries, mental health care infrastructure and resources are limited. Accordingly, there is a clear need to shift the provision of mental health treatment to the primary care level. The Malawi Ministry of Health, in partnership with UNC Project-Malawi, designed a program that would integrate depression screening and management into HIV care at two public HIV clinics in Lilongwe, Malawi. The purpose of this study, conducted under Project SOAR, was to evaluate the implementation of this program and its impact on HIV and mental health outcomes.

Wayfinding: Spiritual Resilience For Global Servants, Joyce Reed

Doctor of Ministry

This dissertation proposes that mission agencies who develop a spiritual formation paradigm that incorporates the principles of wayfinding to navigate personal, vocational, and spiritual shifts enhance cross-cultural resiliency for missionaries (also known as global servants). Section One highlights the problem: mission agencies are not adequately addressing the numerous stressors that global servants constantly manage resulting in less healthy, unhealthy or toxic behaviors. In addition, organizational and historical mission culture often creates untenable expectations that contribute to the global servant's stress. Section Two analyzes how stressors might alternatively be addressed via pre-assignment counseling, sending churches, corporate support structures, or enhanced self-care. …

Therapeutic Enhancement Of Radiation And Immunomodulation By Gold Nanoparticles In Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Brana Janic, Stephen L. Brown, Ryan Neff, Fangchao Liu, Guangzhao Mao, Yalei Chen, Latoya Jackson, Indrin J. Chetty, Benjamin Movsas, Ning Wen

Radiation Oncology Articles

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been shown to enhance cancer radiotherapy (RT) gain by localizing the absorption of radiation energy in the tumor while sparing surrounding normal tissue from radiation toxicity. Previously, we showed that AuNPs enhanced RT induced DNA damage and cytotoxicity in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Interestingly, we found that cancer cells exhibited a size-dependent AuNPs intracellular localization (4 nm preferentially in the cytoplasm and 14 nm in the nucleus). We extended those studies to an in vivo model and examined the AuNPs effects on RT cytotoxicity, survival and immunomodulation of tumor microenvironment (TME) in human triple negative breast …

Capacity Of Rural Counties To Address An Hiv Or Hepatitis C Outbreak, Jennifer Lenardson Mhs, Jaclyn Janis Rn, Mph, Amanda Burgess Mppm, Karen Pearson Mlis, Ma, Martha Elbaum Mpa

Population Health

HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) are major public health concerns in the United States and are a focus of significant federal health policy attention. Rural counties may be potentially vulnerable to an HIV or HCV outbreak among persons who inject drugs due to greater prevalence of high-risk injection practices as well as limited public health capacity to prevent, prepare for, and respond to an HIV or HCV outbreak. This study identified states potentially at risk for an HIV or HCV outbreak and used data from the 2016 Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) Profile Survey, 2016 National Association …

Impact Of Covid-19 On Stock Markets: An Investigation And Way Forward, Aaditya Trivedi, Tajinder Pal Singh, Kaushal Kishore

International Review of Business and Economics

This study analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stock markets in different regions of the world. Impact of COVID-19 on the stock market is like a black swan event. To analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the stock market, study includes different indices, ratios, strategies and past events to compare. Study is focused on the stock market of countries such as the United States and India to see effects on developed and developing countries. The trends were found similar worldwide. The United States, which has been a bull market for a long time, is also experiencing a plummeting …