Digital Commons Network^™

Who Calls The Shots?: Parents Versus The Parens Patriae Power Of The States To Mandate Vaccines For Children In New York, Emily R. Jones

Georgia State University Law Review

Vaccines are one of the top ten public health interventions of the twentieth century, lengthening lifespans and drastically reducing the burden of infectious disease in many nations. Childhood immunizations in particular have significantly impacted rates of infant and child mortality and morbidity, and nearly eliminated the presence of diseases like measles in the United States. Unfortunately, parents are increasingly seeking “religious” exemptions for mandatory childhood immunizations, which threatens to lead to a resurgence in these diseases, impacting children and schools.

This Note discusses New York’s repeal of the religious exemption from its public health code in 2019. Passed in response …

A Comparison Study For Biofilm Formation Ability In Nosocomial Mrsa Using Two Detection Methods, Weam Saad Al-Hamadany

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Nosocomial infections with MRSA (Multidrug resistance Staphylococcus aureus) is a significant problem during medical care for hospitalized patients. Biofilm formation made this problem worse due to increase time for cure and costs for treatment. This study focused light on MRSA isolates and aimed to determine the best method used for biofilm formation detection methods. In this study clinical isolates included MRSA isolated from Post-operation infections (hernia and caesarean section), Skin trauma infected wounds, Burns infections and Urinary tract infections (UTI). Results showed that the isolates obtained from UTI and Burns infections were more aggressive in that most of them were …

Effect Of Some Plant Extracts Against Bacterial Species Isolated From Urinary Tract Infection Patients, Astabraq A. Mukalaf, Amal A. Kareem, Rabia Ali Aboud

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Antibacterial activity of aqueous plants extracts (Plantago ovata, Cucurbita moschata and Rosmarinus officinalis) prepared with different concentrations were investigated against some bacterial genus isolated from urinary tract infection (UTI) patients. Methods: Urine samples were collected from UTI patients and bacterial genus were identified by biochemical tests. Antibacterial activity of aqueous plants extracts (Plantago ovata ,Cucurbita moschata and Rosmarinus officinalis ) were determined by agar diffusion method. Results: Rosemary watery extract were potentially effective against S.aureus isolates ( diameter of inhibition zone was 28mm) . Plantago watery extract was the most active against Proteus spp. and Pseudomonas spp (diameter of inhibition …

Antibiotic Resistance Markers In Enterococcus Sp. Isolates, Salaam Khudhur Muslem, Othman Taha Qasim, Sarah Rahman Rasool, Muataz Mohammed Al-Taee

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Total of 34 of Enterococcus include 15(44%) of Enterococcus faecium and 19 (56%) of Enterococcus faecalis, samples have been isolated during 2016-2017 from patients hospitalized in the National Institute for cardiovascular disease the samples have been taken from different clinical sources (Urine sample, Blood, Wound, Tracheal secretions and stool culture) the highest rate of isolates 15 (44%) from urine and least from stool and wound was 2(6%) meanwhile 7(12%) from tracheal secretion and 4(12%)from blood. The phenotypic analysis revealed the 4(12.5%) of the Enterococcus sp. This study aimed to compare the rate of infection with Enterococcus sp. between the hospitalized …

Litigating An Invisible Enemy: Will The United States Insurance Industry Survive The Covid-19 Pandemic?, Alisa Baird

Tulsa Law Review

No abstract provided.

Millenial Mothers’ Digital Literacy Regarding Child Disease And Health Issues, Choirunnisak Fauziati

JURNAL KOMUNIKASI INDONESIA

It is important for millennial mothers to have digital literacy. Millenials are known to have a tight relationship with digital media. Rather than fathers, mothers more often look for any information on child health issues. The study aimed to dig around mothers’ digital literacy practice which they did to obtain information from various online media, and also further understand the mothers’ comprehension on child disease and health issues. This qualitative research applied the post-positivitist paradigm with digital ethnographic method. The study suggests that Gilster’s (1997) digital literacy phases may be added by information sharing phase. This research also added understanding …

The Emergence Of Neurology During The American Civil War: The Delafield Commission's Impact On Military Medicine, Michaela Ahrenholtz

Honors Thesis

In 1855, three high ranking military officers organized as the Delafield Commission traveled across Europe during the Crimean War. They were tasked to consider, report, and upon their return, implement the advancements they observed from the militaries across the European continent. During their travels, the Delafield Commission evaluated changes in artillery, cavalry, and military medicine. Upon their return, the members of the Delafield Commission published their reports, and a year later the Civil War began. As the war continued, innovations from the Crimean War were implemented, including withing the Union Army Medical Department. Major medical reform was facilitated by Dr. …

Singapore Airlines: Profit Recovery And Aircraft Allocation Models During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Michelle L. F. Cheong, Ulysses M. Z. Chong, Anne N. T. A. Nguyen, Su Yiin Ang, Gabriella P. Djojosaputro, Gordy Adiprasetyo, Kendra L. B. Gadong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

COVID-19 has severely impacted the global aviation industry, causing many airlines to downsize or exit the industry. For airlines which attempt to sustain their operations, they will need to respond to the increase in passenger and cargo demand, as countries recover slowly from the crisis due to the availability of vaccines. We built a series of spreadsheet models to first project the COVID-19 recovery rates by countries from 2021 to 2025, then forecast the passenger and cargo demand, using historical data as base figures. Using the financial and operation data, the revenue, expense, and profit can be projected, then an …

Race And Ethnicity, Gender, And Age On Perceived Threats And Fear Of Covid-19: Evidence From Two National Data Sources, Michael D. Niño, Casey Harris, Grant Drawve, Kevin M. Fitzpatrick

Sociology and Criminology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Previous studies find preventative behaviors designed to reduce the number of infections during emerging disease outbreaks are associated with perceived risk of disease susceptibility. Few studies have attempted to identify underlying factors that explain differences in perceptions of risk during an infectious disease outbreak. Drawing from two early waves of American Trends Panel (n=7,441), as well as a National Science Foundation funded, Qualtrics national panel survey from the early stages of the pandemic (n=10,368), we test whether race and ethnicity, gender, and age were associated with six perceived threat and fear outcomes related to COVID-19. Results …

Predictive Modeling And Estimation Of The Doubling Time Of Confirmed Cases Of Covid-19 In Niger, Ibrahim Sidi Zakari, Hadiza Galadima

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Modeling is increasingly used to assess scenarios and make projections on the future course of new coronavirus disease. This allows for better planning of care as well as a relaxation or tightening of the restrictive measures decreed by the government and the health authorities. The data analyzed in this study covers the period from March 19 to June 05, 2020 and allowed predictions of new cases of COVID-19 based on a growth model with a growth rate that changes linearly over time. In addition, we calculated and predicted the doubling time of the number of positive cases in each region …

Nursing Professionals' Mental Well-Being And Workplace Impairment During The Covid-19 Crisis: A Network Analysis, Umit Tokac, Selen Razon

Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Aim: To investigate the effects of years of nursing experience and mental health on work impairment among nurses during the COVID-19 crisis. Background: During the COVID-19 crisis, nurses experience a greater psychological burden than other health care workers. Studies have not yet investigated the effects of years in nursing and mental health on potential work impairment during the COVID-19 crisis in nurses. Methods: A survey was administered to 83 nurses on active duty during the COVID-19 crisis. The graphical LASSO and the DAG helped estimate the associations between years of nursing experience, mental health and work impairment. Results: A moderate …

Finger Drop Sign In Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Iqra Athar, Neelma Naz Khattak, Haris Majid Rajput, Mazhar Badshah, Zukhruf Zayian, Tashfain Shifa

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a post-infectious, immune-mediated disease that causes a rapidly progressing poly-radiculoneuropathy resulting in weakness and areflexia. It has several variant forms like AIDP, AMAN and AMSAN,

A Case Of Acute Psychosis Following Dengue Fever, Waleed Shahzad, Omer Ismail Khalid, Neelam Sarwar, Muhammad Hassan, Tehmina Inayat, Mazhar Badshah

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Dengue fever has been infecting millions of people all around the world specially the rural areas of South East Asia according to World Health Organization. It is caused by an Arbovirus and transmitted by the bite of an infected female Aedes aegyptii mosquito. Dengue commonly presents with fever and thrombocytopenia; rare presentations include acute pancreatitis, dengue hemorrhagic stroke and encephalopathy. Common psychiatric complications of dengue fever include anxiety, depression, manic episodes and catatonia. We present a rare case of a 51 year old man who presented with an acute episode of psychosis including over talkativeness, irritability, authoritative and disinhibited behavior, …

Guillain‐Barre Syndrome In Covid-19: A Literature Review, Imran Ahmad, Farooq Azam Rathore

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) can result in several neurological complications including Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). It is an acute parainfectious paralytic neuropathy. This review summarizes the demographic features, clinical presentation, diagnostics workup, and management strategies of COVID-19 associated GBS reported in the literature. We searched Medline, PubMed Central, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar using pre-defined keywords. We included all kinds of manuscripts in the English language only. Demographics, clinical features, diagnostic workup, management, and outcomes were documented in the datasheet. We identified 24 cases of COVID-19 associated GBS. Most were reported from Italy, followed by the USA. The majority were males (18/24) …

A Cautionary Tale: Theranos, The Ldt Loophole, And Implications On The Covid-19, William Chanes Martinez

Health Law Outlook

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Pandemic And Breast Cancer Management: A Retrospective Observational Clinical Study From Pakistan, Lubna Mushtaque Vohra, Dua Jabeen, Narmeen Asif, Abdul Ahad

Section of General Surgery

Background: COVID-19 outbreak has adversely affected care of breast cancer patients world-wide. There is paucity of available data on cancer management in lower-middle income countries during this pandemic, we sought to determine the institutional approach towards management of breast cancer patients and the outcomes during COVID-19 pandemic at our institution.
Materials and methods: Clinicopathological and treatment record of cancer patients who presented to the Breast Clinic from 15th March to 31^st December 2020 was retrieved from the institutional database for this retrospective clinical observational study.
Results: A total of 292 patients were qualified for the analysis in which 206 …

Knowledge And Attitude Towards Identification And Management Of Sepsis Among Resident Physicians In A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital In Pakistan, Ainan Arshad, Abdul Aziz, Ahmed Ayaz, Syed Maaz Salahuddin, Bushra Jamil

Section of Internal Medicine

This study was conducted to determine the compliance and knowledge of sepsis guidelines among resident physicians in a tertiary care hospital of a developing country. A self-structured validated questionnaire was prepared to evaluate compliance and knowledge of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) guidelines. A total of 76 resident physicians completed the questionnaire; out of these, 51 (67%) were from Internal Medicine department and 25 (33%) were from Emergency Medicine department of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. A total of 71 (93%) participants claimed to be aware of the SSC guidelines but only 20 (26%) considered themselves very knowledgeable on …

Missing The Outbreak For The Germs: Institutionalized Non-Knowledge And Industrial Power In Agrofood Safety Governance, Patrick Baur

Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences Faculty Publications

Leafy greens cause a growing proportion of foodborne illness outbreaks despite heavy investment in surveillance technologies designed to control pathogenic hazards in agriculture. To understand how the governing regime maintains authority despite continual lapses in control, I examine a deadly 2018 outbreak of Escherichia coli O157: H7 linked to romaine lettuce. By comparing the outbreak investigation and regulatory response to the questions not asked and actions not taken, I show how the regime’s methods of understanding the outbreak also organized its ignorance of dangers outside its carefully constructed field of vision. Applying agnotology theory, I argue that the industrial organization …

Blood Culture Contamination, Erick Castillo Jimenez Rn, Brianna Delpiano Bsn, Rn, Jenelle Maehrer Rn, Sabrina Simpson Bsn, Rn, Alyssa Villani Bsn, Rn

Vizient/ AACN Nurse Residency Program™ EBP Projects

No abstract provided.

Allocation Of Scarce Healthcare Resources In A Military Treatment Facility During A Pandemic: A Comparison Of Goal Programming And Portfolio Decision Analysis Methods, Donald B. Hale

Theses and Dissertations

In a pandemic, healthcare decisionmakers face the challenge of allocating critical, but scarce healthcare resources in a dynamic, uncertain environment. Their decisions will not only affect the patients coming to the hospital for treatment, but also the Military Treatment Facility's personnel responsible. The decisionmaker must decide how to allocate these resources to achieve multiple, conflicting objectives under multiple constraints. In response, we propose a methodology for the implementation of both Portfolio Decision Analysis and Goal Programming. The steps of this methodology provide a framework with which the decisionmaker can develop optimal allocation of resources. This framework was then applied to …

Point-Of-Care Lung Ultrasound For Covid-19: Findings And Prognostic Implications From 105 Consecutive Patients, Kosuke Yasukawa, Taro Minami, David R Boulware, Ayako Shimada, Ernest A Fischer

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

Background: The prognostic value of point-of-care lung ultrasound has not been evaluated in a large cohort of patients with COVID-19 admitted to general medicine ward in the United States. The aim of this study was to describe lung ultrasound findings and their prognostic value in patients with COVID-19 admitted to internal medicine ward.

Method: This prospective observational study consecutively enrolled 105 hospitalized participants with COVID-19 at 2 tertiary care centers. Ultrasound was performed in 12 lung zones within 24 hours of admission. Findings were assessed relative to 4 outcomes: intensive care unit (ICU) need, need for intensive respiratory support, length …

Toxicity Of Sodium Nitrite-Based Vertebrate Pesticides For European Starlings (Sturnus Vulgaris), Scott J. Werner, Shelagh T. Deliberto, Hailey E. Mclean, Katherine E. Horak, Kirt C. Vercauteren

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

In the 21st century, invasive animals rank second only to habitat destruction as the greatest threat to global biodiversity. Socially-acceptable and cost-effective strategies are needed to reduce the negative economic and environmental impacts of invasive animals. We investigated the potential for sodium nitrite (SN; CAS 7632-00-0) to serve as an avian toxicant for European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris L.). We also assessed the non-target hazard of an experimental formulation of SN that is being developed as a toxicant for invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa L.). In gavage experiments with European starlings, we identified a lowest observed adverse effect level …

Avian Visual Ecologists Should Consider Uv Absorbance And All Sensory Modalities: A Response To Wisenden Et Al. (2020), Sean T. O'Daniels, Scott J. Werner, Ken Yasukawa

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

In a recent publication, Wisenden et al. (2020) examined responses of territorial male Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) to models constructed with ultraviolet (UV)-reflective red epaulets for the purpose of determining if the addition of UV reflectance to epaulets ("UV+") changed the effectiveness of signals to receivers relative to "control" epaulets under field conditions. The authors hypothesized that "UV+epaulet coloration represents a visual signal with increased efficacy in territorial interactions." They presented behavioral data but no visual modeling data. Our aims in this commentary are to suggest alternative terms to those used by the authors, to express concern about the use …

“It Really Proves To Us That We Are Still Valuable”: Qualitative Research To Inform A Safer Conception Intervention For Men Living With Hiv In South Africa, Lynn T. Matthews, Letitia Greener, Hazar Khidir, Christina Psaros, Abigail Harrison, F. Nzwakie Mosery, Mxolisi Mathenjwa, Kasey O'Neil, Cecilia Milford, Steven A. Safren, David R. Bangsberg, Jennifer A. Smit

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objective: Many men living with HIV want to have children. Opportunities to reduce periconception HIV transmission include antiretroviral therapy as prevention, pre-exposure prophylaxis, limiting condomless sex to peak fertility, and sperm processing. Whether men have knowledge of or want to adopt these strategies remains unknown.

Methods: We conducted focus group discussions (FGDs) with men accessing HIV care in South Africa in 2014 to inform a safer conception intervention for men. Eligible men were 25–45 years old, living with HIV, not yet accessing treatment, and wanting to have a child with an HIV-negative or unknown serostatus female partner (referred …

Anti-Gmo And Vaccine-Autism Public Policy Campaigns In The Court Of Public Opinion, Robert C. Bird

UC Law Journal

Science skepticism is on the rise worldwide, and it has a pernicious influence on science and science-based public policy. This Article explores two of the most controversial science-based public policy issues: whether genetically modified foods are inherently unsafe and whether vaccines cause autism spectrum disorder. After evaluating the scientific credibility and discursive power of these claims, this Article analyzes how changes in public opinion can shift public policy away from anti-scientific practices. Legal scholarship can play a substantial role because, if accessibly written, it has the potential to be timely, persuasive, and comprehensible by a broad audience. Other stakeholders also …

Coronavirus Trauma And African Americans’ Mental Health: Seizing Opportunities For Transformational Change, Lonnie R. Snowden, Jonathan Snowden

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

The COVID-19 pandemic is a natural disaster of historic proportions with widespread and profound psychological sequelae. African Americans fall ill and die more than whites from COVID and more survivors and loved ones face psychological risk. African Americans also experience greater personal, social, and financial stress even when not personally touched by COVID illness, and they are again vulnerable as COVID diminishes African American community’s capacity for mutual support. Enactment of the American Rescue Act of 2021 can moderate if not eliminate African Americans’ greater adversity and greater psychological challenge; other provisions can move the mental health treatment system beyond …

Importance Of Pgc-1Α Gene Expression In Egyptian Hemodialysis Patients, Ashraf Donia, Azza A. I. Elmenyawi

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is an upstream transcriptional regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Its function is immediate elimination of reactive oxygen species to get rid of their cellular destruction sequelae. Decreased PGC-1α count and less mitochondrial function take part in renal failure. COX6C gene encodes mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation proteins. Reaction of excessive reactive oxygen species with linolenic acid results in malondialdehyde (MDA) as a breakdown product. It is an important marker for evaluating oxidative damage. Patients and methods A total of 58 hemodialysis (HD) patients in the National Institute of Urology and Nephrology and 20 …

Relationship Between Social Media Exposure And Adolescents’ Knowledge, Attitude And Behaviour To Hiv/Aids Prevention, Monica Yusnita

JURNAL KOMUNIKASI INDONESIA

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the exposure level to HIV/AIDS information on social media and the knowledge level, attitude and behaviour in preventing the risk of HIV/AIDS transmission among adolescents. The research applieds a quantitative approach, survey techniques, descriptive statistical analysis and Partial-least Square Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis. The samples in this study were 375 Bongas teenagers aged 13-24 years old who accessed the @sobat repro social media account. The results of the study show that most teenagers get high exposure to social media. Bongas teenagers have a good level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS and …

Impact Of Covid-19 On Mental Health And Quality Of Life: Is There Any Effect? A Crosssectional Study Of The Mena Region, Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri, Mo'ath F. Bataineh, Maysm N. Mohamad, Abir Ajab, Amina Al Marzouqi, Amjad H. Jarrar, Carla Habib-Mourad, Dima O.Abu Jamous, Habiba I. Ali, Haleama Al Sabbah, Hayder Hasan, Lily Stojanovska, Mona Hashim, Osama A.Abd Elhameed, Reyad R.Shaker Obaid, Samar Elfeky, Sheima T. Saleh, Tareq M. Osaili, Leila Cheikh Ismail

All Works

The COVID-19 pandemic is a major health crisis that has changed the life of millions globally. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the pandemic on mental health and quality of life among the general population in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. A total of 6142 adults from eighteen countries within the MENA region completed an online questionnaire between May and June 2020. Psychological impact was assessed using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the social and family support impact was assessed with questions from the Perceived Support Scale (PSS). The IES-R …

Twitter Vs. Zika—The Role Of Social Media In Epidemic Outbreaks Surveillance, Mohamed Abouzahra, Joseph Tan

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objective: The risk of global epidemic outbreaks led to the development of epidemic tracking services dedicated to track and warn against them. Despite the usefulness of these services, they suffer from shortcomings that impact their efficiency. This study examines the efficacy of social media in epidemic outbreak surveillance by studying Twitter users’ behavior related to the Zika virus outbreak in 2015–2016 and how this behavior can be used to track and predict Zika virus.

Methods: We collected 67,0 0 0 tweets in English and Spanish under the hashtag #Zikavirus and #Zika in the period from October 1st , 2015 to …