Digital Commons Network^™

Correlation Between Alzheimer’S Disease And Type 2 Diabetes Using Non-Negative Matrix Factorization, Yeonwoo Chung, Hyunju Lee, Michael W. Weiner, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Cliford R. Jack, William Jagust, John Q. Trojanowki, Arthur W. Toga, Laurel Beckett, Robert C. Green, Andrew J. Saykin, John Morris, Leslie M. Shaw, Zaven Khachaturian, Greg Sorensen, Maria Carrillo, Lew Kuller, Marc Raichle, Steven Paul, Peter Davies, Howard Fillit, Franz Hefti, Davie Holtzman, M. Marcel Mesulam, William Potter, Peter Snyder, Tom Montine, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Tamie Sather, Gus Jiminez, Archana B. Balasubramanian

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex and heterogeneous disease that can be affected by various genetic factors. Although the cause of AD is not yet known and there is no treatment to cure this disease, its progression can be delayed. AD has recently been recognized as a brain-specific type of diabetes called type 3 diabetes. Several studies have shown that people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a higher risk of developing AD. Therefore, it is important to identify subgroups of patients with AD that may be more likely to be associated with T2D. We here describe a new approach …

Accelerated Functional Brain Aging In Pre-Clinical Familial Alzheimer’S Disease, Julie Gonneaud, Alex T. Baria, Alexa Pichet Binette, Brian A. Gordon, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Carlos Cruchaga, Mathias Jucker, Johannes Levin, Stephen Salloway, Martin Farlow, Martin Farlow, Serge Gauthier, Tammie L.S. Benzinger, John C. Morris, Randall J. Bateman, John C.S. Breitner, Judes Poirier, Etienne Vachon-Presseau, Sylvia Villeneuve, Michael Weiner, Howard J. Rosen, Bruce L. Miller, Paul Aisen, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gus Jiminez, Ronald Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, Matthew Bernstein, Bret Borowski, Jeff Gunter

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Resting state functional connectivity (rs-fMRI) is impaired early in persons who subsequently develop Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. This impairment may be leveraged to aid investigation of the pre-clinical phase of AD. We developed a model that predicts brain age from resting state (rs)-fMRI data, and assessed whether genetic determinants of AD, as well as beta-amyloid (Aβ) pathology, can accelerate brain aging. Using data from 1340 cognitively unimpaired participants between 18–94 years of age from multiple sites, we showed that topological properties of graphs constructed from rs-fMRI can predict chronological age across the lifespan. Application of our predictive model to the …

A Deep Learning Framework Identifies Dimensional Representations Of Alzheimer’S Disease From Brain Structure, Zhijian Yang, Ilya M. Nasrallah, Haochang Shou, Junhao Wen, Jimit Doshi, Mohamad Habes, Guray Erus, Ahmed Abdulkadir, Susan M. Resnick, Marilyn S. Albert, Paul Maruff, Jurgen Fripp, John C. Morris, David A. Wolk, Christos Davatzikos, Yong Fan, Vishnu Bashyam, Elizabeth Mamouiran, Randa Melhem, Raymond Pomponio, Dushyant Sahoo, Singh Ashish, Ioanna Skampardoni, Lasya Sreepada, Dhivya Srinivasan, Fanyang Yu, Sindhuja Govindarajan Tirumalai, Yuhan Cui, Zhen Zhou, Katharina Wittfeld, Hans J. Grabe, Duygun Tosun, Murat Bilgel, Yang An

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Heterogeneity of brain diseases is a challenge for precision diagnosis/prognosis. We describe and validate Smile-GAN (SeMI-supervised cLustEring-Generative Adversarial Network), a semi-supervised deep-clustering method, which examines neuroanatomical heterogeneity contrasted against normal brain structure, to identify disease subtypes through neuroimaging signatures. When applied to regional volumes derived from T1-weighted MRI (two studies; 2,832 participants; 8,146 scans) including cognitively normal individuals and those with cognitive impairment and dementia, Smile-GAN identified four patterns or axes of neurodegeneration. Applying this framework to longitudinal data revealed two distinct progression pathways. Measures of expression of these patterns predicted the pathway and rate of future neurodegeneration. Pattern expression …

Global Effect Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour And Sleep Among 3- To 5-Year-Old Children: A Longitudinal Study Of 14 Countries, Anthony D. Okely, Katharina E. Kariippanon, Hongyan Guan, Ellie K. Taylor, Thomas Suesse, Penny L. Cross, Kar Hau Chong, Adang Suherman, Ali Turab, Amanda E. Staiano, Amy S. Ha, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Aqsa Baig, Bee Koon Poh, Borja Del Pozo-Cruz, Cecilia H.S. Chan, Christine Delisle Nyström, Denise Koh, E. Kipling Webster, Himangi Lubree, Hong Kim Tang, Issad Baddou, Jesus Del Pozo-Cruz, Jyh Eiin Wong, Kuston Sultoni, Maria Nacher, Marie Löf, Mingming Cui, Mohammad Sorowar Hossain, P. W.Prasad Chathurangana, Uddhavi Kand, V. P.Pujitha Wickramasinghe, Rebecca Calleia, Shameema Ferdous

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Background: The restrictions associated with the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in changes to young children’s daily routines and habits. The impact on their participation in movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary screen time and sleep) is unknown. This international longitudinal study compared young children’s movement behaviours before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Parents of children aged 3–5 years, from 14 countries (8 low- and middle-income countries, LMICs) completed surveys to assess changes in movement behaviours and how these changes were associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Surveys were completed in the 12 months up to March 2020 and again between …

Fourteen New, Endemic Species Of Shrew (Genus Crocidura) From Sulawesi Reveal A Spectacular Island Radiation, Jacob A. Esselstyn, Anang S. Achmadi, Heru Handika, Mark T. Swanson, Thomas C. Giarla, Kevin C. Rowe

Faculty Publications

After nearly a decade of field inventories in which we preserved voucher specimens of the small terrestrial mammals of Sulawesi, we combined qualitative and quantitative analyses of morphological traits with molecular phylogenetics to better understand the diversity of shrews (Soricidae: Crocidura) on the island. We examined the morphology of 1368 specimens and obtained extensive molecular data from many of them, including mitochondrial DNA sequences from 851 specimens, up to five nuclear exons from 657 specimens, and thousands of ultraconserved elements from 90 specimens. By iteratively testing species limits using distinct character datasets and appropriate taxon sampling, we found clear, mostly …

Pharmacy Newsletter : December 2021, Pharmacy Department

Department of Pharmacy Archives

Content:

• Antibiotics - Handle with Care
• PinPoint Pupil, What’s your Guess?
• Booster Doses of COVID-19 Vaccines in adults
• Covid -19 Vaccine in Paediatric Population
• Top Reported Errors Associated to COVID-19 Vaccination Globally
• Drug Safety Communication: Alcohol based Hand Sanitizer - Getting in the Eyes Can Cause Serious Injury

Evaluating Deep-Learning Models For Debris-Covered Glacier Mapping, Zhiyuan Xie, Vijayan K. Asari, Umesh K. Haritashya

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In recent decades, mountain glaciers have experienced the impact of climate change in the form of accelerated glacier retreat and other glacier-related hazards such as mass wasting and glacier lake outburst floods. Since there are wide-ranging societal consequences of glacier retreat and hazards, monitoring these glaciers as accurately and repeatedly as possible is important. However, the accurate glacier boundary, especially the debriscovered glacier (DCG) boundary, which is one of the primary inputs in many glacier analyses, remains a challenge even after many years of research using conventional remote sensing methods or machine-learning methods. The GlacierNet, a deep-learning-based approach, utilized the …

Effects Of Human Activities On The Afaka Afforestation Project, Kaduna North, Kaduna State, Nigeria, Mamman Shaba Jibril, Mary Oluyemisi Ariyo, Ali Williams Butu, Chukwudi Nnaemeka Emeribe

Jurnal Geografi Lingkungan Tropik (Journal of Geography of Tropical Environments)

The study aimed to investigate the effects of human activities on the Afaka afforestation project, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Structured interview was used to evaluate the level of community involvement in the modification of the forest project, their perceived environmental effects of landcover loss. Landsat images of 1986, 1999 and Sentinel-2 image of 2017 were applied for detection of changes in land use/land cover over the years (1986-2017). The study found that the land cover structure of the forest reserve has changed significantly. In 1986, area under crop cultivation was 19.24%, built-up areas, 0.08%, disturbed forest, 7.57%, gully, 2.60%, riparian vegetation, …

Immigration Policy Analysis For South Korean Immigrants On Economic Growth In The Western Area Of United Stated, Diah Desita Damayanti, Rony Mamur Bishry

Jurnal Geografi Lingkungan Tropik (Journal of Geography of Tropical Environments)

This study examines the analysis of immigration policy in South Koreans on economic growth in the Western Area of United States and explains which states have the potential to increase the economy in the Western Area of United States due to the economic contribution of South Korean immigrants. The data used are quantitative data and qualitative data. Quantitative data in the form of data on the population of the Western Area of United States per County, the number of South Korean immigrants per County, and the growth of income per capita per County. Meanwhile, qualitative data are in the form …

Investigating The Effects Of Problem-Posing On High School Students’ Mathematical Learning, Min Wang

Teaching and Learning Theses and Dissertations

Problem-posing activities have received more attention in mathematics education in recent decades. Problem-posing activities’ effects on improving students’ mathematical learning have been studied by extant studies. This study implemented an explanatory sequential mixed-method research design to investigate the impact of problem-posing activities in the walkSTEM program on high school students’ mathematical outcomes. The researcher analyzed students’ problem-posing work and compared the content complexity levels of student-generated problems in different activities. The result suggested that students posed the more complex problems in the Final Walk project and they also posed more complex problems in the post-survey compared to the pre-survey. Students’ …

Content Moderation Remedies, Eric Goldman

Michigan Technology Law Review

This Article addresses a critical but underexplored aspect of content moderation: if a user’s online content or actions violate an Internet service’s rules, what should happen next? The longstanding expectation is that Internet services should remove violative content or accounts from their services as quickly as possible, and many laws mandate that result. However, Internet services have a wide range of other options—what I call “remedies”—they can use to redress content or accounts that violate the applicable rules. This Article describes dozens of remedies that Internet services have actually imposed. It then provides a normative framework to help Internet services …

Individuals As Gatekeepers Against Data Misuse, Ying Hu

Michigan Technology Law Review

This article makes a case for treating individual data subjects as gatekeepers against misuse of personal data. Imposing gatekeeper responsibility on individuals is most useful where (a) the primary wrongdoers engage in data misuse intentionally or recklessly; (b) misuse of personal data is likely to lead to serious harm; and (c) one or more individuals are able to detect and prevent data misuse at a reasonable cost.

As gatekeepers, individuals should have a legal duty to take reasonable measures to prevent data misuse where they are aware of facts indicating that the person seeking personal data from them is highly …

Aspergillus Section Flavi, Need For A Robust Taxonomy, Renee Arias, Valerie A. Orner, Jaime Martinez-Castillo, Victor S. Sobolev

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

In a recent letter to the editor, Houbraken et al. (23) provide a series of recommendations to the microbiological community to prevent the taxonomic misidentification of genome-sequenced fungal strains. In the era of genomics and bioinformatics, postulating that 1 nucleotide (nt) within a gene can “correctly” identify a species does not seem plausible. However, the authors of the letter call this the “calmodulin barcode,” meaning nucleotide substitutions within a 506-nt region of the calmodulin gene (1). After the evolutionarily conserved rRNA (18S rRNA, internal transcribed spacer [ITS], 28S rRNA) and RNA polymerase II (2–4) showed no differences between Aspergillus flavus …

Genetic Mapping And Qtl Analysis For Peanut Smut Resistance, Francisco J. De Blas, Cecilia I. Bruno, Renee Arias, Carolina Ballén-Taborda, Eva Mamani, Claudio Oddino, Melina Rosso, Beatriz P. Costero, Marina Bressano, Juan H. Soave, Sara J. Soave, Mario I. Buteler, J. Guillermo Seijo, Alicia Massa

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Background: Peanut smut is a disease caused by the fungus Thecaphora frezii Carranza & Lindquist to which most commercial cultivars in South America are highly susceptible. It is responsible for severely decreased yield and no effective chemical treatment is available to date. However, smut resistance has been identified in wild Arachis species and further transferred to peanut elite cultivars. To identify the genome regions conferring smut resistance within a tetraploid genetic background, this study evaluated a RIL population {susceptible Arachis hypogaea subsp. hypogaea (JS17304-7-B) × resistant synthetic amphidiploid (JS1806) [A. correntina (K 11905) × A. cardenasii (KSSc 36015)] × A. …

The Genome Of The Stable Fly, Stomoxys Calcitrans, Reveals Potential Mechanisms Underlying Reproduction, Host Interactions, And Novel Targets For Pest Control, Pia U. Olafson, Serap Aksoy, Geoffrey M. Attardo, Greta Buckmeier, Xiaoting Chen, Craig J. Coates, Megan Davis, Justin Dykema, Scott J. Emrich, Markus Friedrich, Christopher J. Holmes, Panagiotis Ioannidis, Evan N. Jansen, Emily C. Jennings, Daniel Lawson, Ellen O. Martinson, Gareth L. Maslen, Richard P. Meisel, Terence D. Murphy, Dana Nayduch, David R. Nelson, Kennan J. Oyen, Tyler J. Raszick, José M.C. Ribeiro, Hugh M. Robertson, Andrew J. Rosendale, Timothy B. Sackton, Perot Saelao, Sonja L. Swiger, Sing Hoi Sze, Aaron M. Tarone, David B. Taylor, Wesley C. Warren, Robert M. Waterhouse, Matthew T. Weirauch, John H. Werren, Richard K. Wilson, Evgeny M. Zdobnov, Joshua B. Benoit

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Background: The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, is a major blood-feeding pest of livestock that has near worldwide distribution, causing an annual cost of over $2 billion for control and product loss in the USA alone. Control of these flies has been limited to increased sanitary management practices and insecticide application for suppressing larval stages. Few genetic and molecular resources are available to help in developing novel methods for controlling stable flies. Results: This study examines stable fly biology by utilizing a combination of high-quality genome sequencing and RNA-Seq analyses targeting multiple developmental stages and tissues. In conjunction, 1600 genes were …

Immigration Law—Creating Consistency In Domestic Violence Asylum Cases, Zoya Miller

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Business Judgment Rule Or Due Diligence? How To Reduce Vicarious Liability For Spac Directors And Officers, Beau Duty

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Corticothalamic Projections Deliver Enhanced Responses To Medial Geniculate Body As A Function Of The Temporal Reliability Of The Stimulus, Srinivasa P Kommajosyula, Edward L Bartlett, Rui Cai, Lynne Ling, Donald M Caspary

Articles

Ageing and challenging signal-in-noise conditions are known to engage the use of cortical resources to help maintain speech understanding. Extensive corticothalamic projections are thought to provide attentional, mnemonic and cognitive-related inputs in support of sensory inferior colliculus (IC) inputs to the medial geniculate body (MGB). Here we show that a decrease in modulation depth, a temporally less distinct periodic acoustic signal, leads to a jittered ascending temporal code, changing MGB unit responses from adapting responses to responses showing repetition enhancement, posited to aid identification of important communication and environmental sounds. Young-adult male Fischer Brown Norway rats, injected with the inhibitory …

Comparative Research Of The Plea Leniency System Of China, Yuguang Lu

Maurer Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation mainly discusses the Plea Leniency System that was recently legislated in China. Plea Leniency had completed a 2-year tryout stage, and was officially legalized into the Criminal Procedure Law of China in Oct.2018. The application of pleading procedures seems inevitable around the world, and operates differently in each country. As a result, there exist both similarities and differences between Chinese Plea Leniency and American plea bargaining.

This dissertation contains comparative research, empirical research and case research. Chapters I to III will form the first half of my research. This part contains my retrospective research of pleading procedure’s past …

Structural Barriers To Inclusion In Arbitrator Pools, Nicole G. Iannarone

Washington Law Review

Critics increasingly challenge mandatory arbitration because the pools from which decisionmakers are selected are neither diverse nor inclusive. Evaluating diversity and inclusion in arbitrator pools is difficult due to the black box nature of mandatory arbitration. This Article evaluates inclusion in arbitrator pools through a case study on securities arbitration. The Article relies upon the relatively greater transparency of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) forum. It begins by describing the unique role that small claims securities arbitration plays in maintaining investor trust and confidence in the securities markets before describing why ensuring that the FINRA arbitrator pool is both …

Vol. 99, No. 2: Full Issue, Denver Law Review

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.

Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infection Caused By Kodamaea Ohmeri In A Young Child, Amier Haidar, Farhana Khaja, Brian Simms, Amr Issam Elgehiny, Tracy Omoegbele, Nikita Khetan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION:

CASE REPORT: The patient is a 5-year-old male with a history of short gut syndrome, and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) dependence who presented to the emergency room with a two-day history of productive-cough, rhinorrhea, and fever. Antibiotic therapy was initiated with cefepime and vancomycin for suspected CLABSI. However, within the first twenty-four hours of his admission, his initial blood culture from his central venous catheter became positive for yeast so fluconazole was added due to suspicion of candidemia. During his admission, his initial central line and peripheral blood culture were later speciated as

CONCLUSIONS: This case report further acknowledges …

Performance Assessment Of Mri Guided Continuous Wave Near-Infrared Spectral Tomography For Breast Imaging, Jinchao Feng, Shudong Jiang, Brian W. Pogue, Keith D. Paulsen

Dartmouth Scholarship

Integration of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and near-infrared spectral tomography (NIRST) has yielded promising diagnostic performance for breast imaging in the past. This study focused on whether MRI-guided NIRST can quantify hemoglobin concentration using only continuous wave (CW) measurements. Patients were classified into four breast density groups based on their MRIs. Optical scattering properties were assigned based on average values obtained from these density groups, and MRI-guided NIRST images were reconstructed from calibrated CW data. Total hemoglobin (HbT) contrast between suspected lesions and surrounding normal tissue was used as an indicator of the malignancy. Results obtained from simulations and twenty-four …

Addressing The Mental Health Needs Of Children Affected By Hiv In Rwanda: Validation Of A Rapid Depression Screening Tool For Children 7–14 Years Old, Agnes Binagwaho, Eric Remera, Alice Uwase Bayingana, Darius Gishoma, Kirstin Woody Scott, Madeline Goosman, Eliza Campbell, Mawuena Agbonyitor, Yvonne Kayiteshonga, Sabin Nsanzimana

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: Depression in children presents a significant health burden to society and often co-exists with chronic illnesses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Research has demonstrated that 10–37% of children and adolescents living with HIV also suffer from depression. Low-and-middle income countries (LMICs) shoulder a disproportionate burden of HIV among other health challenges, but reliable estimates of co-morbid depression are lacking in these settings. Prior studies in Rwanda, a LMIC of 12 million people in East Africa, found that 25% of children living with HIV met criteria for depression. Though depression may negatively affect adherence to HIV treatment among children …

Prenatal Exposure To Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances And Child Neurodevelopment, Jiwon Oh

Earth & Environmental Sciences Dissertations - Archive

Pregnant women are exposed to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) primarily via ingestion of contaminated food, water, and house dust. PFAS in pregnant women can be transferred to their child through the placenta during pregnancy. Many long-chain PFAS have been frequently detected in blood of pregnant women, amniotic fluid, and umbilical cord blood for the last few decades. Prenatal exposure to PFAS has shown potential to adversely affect offspring’s neurodevelopment in laboratory animals. However, epidemiological evidence on associations between prenatal PFAS exposure and child neurodevelopment remains inconsistent. My dissertation research consists of four sub-studies whose objectives are (1) to examine …

Hplc Analysis Of Potentially Counterfeit Samples Of Amoxicillin, Hunter Noel

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The global phenomenon of drug counterfeiting is a threat to both patients and healthcare systems alike. Counterfeit drugs can build bacterial resistance to antibiotics, undermine public trust in prescribed medications, fail to alleviate sickness, or even hurt the patient. Annually, thousands of people die from ingesting fake drugs (Blackstone et al., 2014). In order to combat the global prevalence of drug counterfeiting, it is important to test suspect drugs for legitimacy and then report findings back to relevant authorities that can enforce drug quality standards (Lieberman, 2018). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is an analytical method that can determine the …

The Impacts Of Transported Wildfire Smoke Aerosol On Surface Air Quality In New York State, Wei-Ting Hung

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In New York State (NYS), summertime long-range transported smoke plumes and high fine mode particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration during the smoke episodes have been reported. Since the frequency, intensity, and burned area of wildfires over Northern America have increased in recent years, the contribution of transported smoke aerosols to local air quality could become more significant. This study aimed to characterize the transport of smoke aerosols and quantify their impacts on the local air quality over NYS. A case study of a transported smoke event in mid-August of 2018 and multi-year analysis of the smoke cases during the summer seasons …

The Moderating Role Of Social Exchange In The Relationship Between Work-Family Backlash And Injustice, Joel Hernandez

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In consideration of an employee’s wellbeing, both the government and organizations are providing additional work-family benefits to employees to reduce work-family conflicts. Though there are good intentions with these policies, it is important to investigate how employees react to these policies and the utilization of those benefits. One reaction of interest is work-family backlash (WFB), which includes negative emotions, attitudes, and behaviors made by both individuals and groups directed towards multiple forms of work-life benefits practices and policies (Perrigino et al., 2018; Young, 1999). In this paper I draw from the multifoci approach of organizational justice (Lavelle et al., 2007) …

Augmented Communications : A Solution For Overcoming High Spatial Correlation Of The Massive-Miso Vlc Channel, Monette Khadr

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

A key challenge for future wireless networks is to come upon a riveting compromise between spectral efficiency, complexity, and energy efficiency. The challenge is also intensified due to the pace at which the Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology is arriving, causing an upheaval to pre-existing network infrastructures in terms of elevating spectrum scarcity. To keep pace with the exploding data demand forecasts, a circumvention is required. One realization is by utilizing the high-band spectrum and the rich body of knowledge on multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technologies. One of the prominent high frequency technologies is visible light communications (VLC). VLC provide a large unregulated …

Economic Sanctions And Opportunism, Keith A. Preble

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Sanctions busting refers to instances where third-party states increase their material support for states targeted by economic sanctions by increasing trade as well as foreign aid and investment, which, in turn, minimize the economic costs that sanctions imposed on target states. This concept privileges the sender and contributes to the “sender bias” inherent in the literature on economic sanctions. My dissertation instead argues that the terms sanctions opportunism may better reflect the nature of the processes at work when third-party states engage in sanctions busting either for commercial profit or as a “black knight” (or a combination of them both). …