Digital Commons Network^™

Vulnerable And Resilient Phenotypes In A Mouse Model Of Anorexia Nervosa, Jeff A. Beeler, Devry Mourra, Roseanna M. Zanca, Abigail Kalmbach, Celia Gellman, Benjamin Y. Klein, Rebecca Ravenelle, Peter Serrano, Holly Moore, Stephen Rayport, Susana Mingote, Nesha Burghard

Advanced Science Research Center

Background

Increased physical activity is a common feature of anorexia nervosa (AN). Although high activity levels are associated with greater risk of developing AN, particularly when combined with dieting, most individuals who diet and exercise maintain a healthy body weight. It is unclear why some individuals develop AN while most do not. A rodent model of resilience and vulnerability to AN would be valuable to research. Dopamine, which is believed to play a crucial role in AN, regulates both reward and activity and may modulate vulnerability.

Methods

Adolescent and young adult female C57BL/6N mice were tested in the activity-based anorexia …

Old Vs New: The Classic And D-Kefs Trails As Embedded Performance Validity Indicators And Measures Of Psychomotor Speed/Executive Function, Laszlo Erdodi, Jessica Hurtubise, Maame Brantuo, Laura Cutler, Arianna Kennedy, Rayna Hirst

Archives of Assessment Psychology

This study sought to provide a direct comparison between old and new versions of the Trail Making Test (TMT). Eighty-five undergraduate student volunteers were administered the old and new TMT. A third of them were instructed to feign neuropsychiatric deficits. The classification accuracy of the TMTs was evaluated against experimentally induced and psychometrically defined invalid performance. Results showed that the old TMT demonstrated superior psychometric properties, both as a measure of cognitive ability and performance validity. In conclusion, newer and more sophisticated versions of a test are not necessarily better than older, established instruments. Replications in clinical samples are needed …

“The Desert Is Our Home”, Kayla Molina

American Indian Law Review

No abstract provided.

Mirrored Harms: Unintended Consequences In The Grant Of Tribal Court Jurisdiction Over Non-Indian Abusers, Jonathan Riedel

American Indian Law Review

No abstract provided.

Current Perspectives On The Therapeutic Potential Of Mitragyna Speciosa And Its Derivatives On Animal Model, Norsyifa Harun, Illa Syafiqah Johari, Rima Atria Japarin, Farah Wahida Suhaimi, Zurina Hassan, Mohammed Shoaib

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The plant Mitragyna speciosa Korth. is receiving increased attention as a therapeutic substitution for opioid use disorder (OUD). The active alkaloids constituents of the plant, particularly mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine, have been shown to modulate opioid receptors, acting as agonists at mu-opioid receptors. Given this pharmacology, several studies have examined the abuse and dependence potential of M. speciosa and its alkaloids in various animal models of dependence. In addition to action on opioid receptors, the Mitragyna alkaloids also appear to exert diverse activities at other receptors in the central nervous system which may explain the complex pharmacological profile of these alkaloids. …

Evidence For Intravenous Self-Administration Of Mitragynine In Fentanyl-Dependent Rats, Norsyifa Harun, Zurina Hassan, Surash Ramanathan, Mohammed Shoaib

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Introduction: Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth) is currently used as an alternative for the self-treatment of pain and management of opioid dependence and withdrawal. Due to the opioid-like effect of the plant’s active alkaloid, mitragynine (MG), the evaluation of its ability to maintain self-administration in animal models of opioid dependence appears to be great significance. Objectives: Here, the ability of MG to cross-substitute to the reinforcing effects of the synthetic narcotic fentanyl is investigated. Methods: Rats with implanted catheters were allowed to self-administer fentanyl (2.0 μg/kg/infusion) on a fixed-ratio 1 of schedule of reinforcement. Results: A significant increase in lever pressing …

A Systematic Review Of Self-Reported Ethical Practices In Publications Of Cluster Randomised Trials Conducted In Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Settings, Jeanette Ward, Seham Girgis, Kathryn Thorburn, Stefanie Oliver, Charles Weijer, Monica Taljaard

Nulungu Research Papers

Cluster randomised trials (CRTs) present unique ethical complexities for research ethics committees, participants, researchers and evidence users. In this design, whole social units (‘clusters’) such as hospitals, schools or entire communities are randomised to interventions. In addition, units of randomisation, intervention and outcome measurement differ within the one study. As a consequence, clearly determining research participants and establishing whose consent is required not only for randomisation and interventions but also data collection are correspondingly difficult.

This systematic review describes self-reported ethical practices in research conducted in Australia in which social units comprising Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, their communities …

Dimensions Of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Sluggish Cognitive Tempo As Predictors Of Executive Functioning, Depression, Anxiety, Substance Use, And Convergence Insufficiency, Danielle Beyer

Theses and Dissertations

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder marked by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. In addition to the well-known ADHD symptom clusters, a fourth dimension has been identified as sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) and describes symptoms of sluggishness, drowsiness, and daydreaming. SCT represents a unique symptom domain than cannot be accounted for by the other ADHD dimensions. The current study sought to replicate and expand upon the extant literature, hypothesizing that ADHD/SCT symptoms would significantly predict: 1a) impairment in executive functioning on a self-report measure; 1b) impairment on laboratory measures of executive functioning; 2) symptoms of depression and anxiety; …

Statistical And Machine Learning Approaches To Depressive Disorders Among Adults In The United States: From Factor Discovery To Prediction Evaluation, Minhwa Lee

Senior Independent Study Theses

According to the National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH), depressive disorders (or major depression) are considered one of the most common and serious health risks in the United States. Our study focuses on extracting non-medical factors of depressive disorders diagnosis, such as overall health states, health risk behaviors, demography, and healthcare access, using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data set collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2018.

We set the two objectives of our study about depressive disorders diagnosis in the United States as follows. First, we aim to utilize machine learning algorithms …

Feeding Habits Of The Non-Native Mayan Cichlid, Mayaheros Urophthalmus, In Estuarine Tributaries Of Southwest Florida, Copley H. Smoak, Jeffrey R. Schmid

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Foraging habits of the non—native Mayan Cichlid (Mayaheros urophthalmus) were investigated in the tidal tributaries to the Estero Bay and Wiggins Pass estuaries in southwest Florida (USA) during 2011—2013. Dietary analysis was conducted by identifying contents in the digestive tracts of 747 fish and volumetrically measuring the food items. Detritus was the predominant food item by frequency (97–100%), volume (34–48%), and alimentary importance index (47–64%). Bivalves, gastropods, decapod and cirriped crustaceans, coleopterans, serpulid polychaetes, and fish scales frequently (>50%) occurred in samples but volume and importance differed among tributaries. Results indicate that the Mayan Cichlid in southwest Florida tidal …

Winning Entry For 2021, Nhi Doan

Library Research Prize

No abstract provided.

Aadej Comm 7 4 2021

AADEJ - The Communicator

The Communicator is the official journal of the American Association of Dental Editors and Journalists (AADEJ). It is published quarterly, distributed digitally via email to members, and posted on the Association's website, AADEJ.org. Each issue includes regular updates from the editorial team and AADEJ board, as well as feature articles on current issues in the field.

Alfred Russel Wallace Notes 8: Wallace's Earliest Exposures To The Writings Of Alexander Von Humboldt, Charles H. Smith

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

For many years it has been known that the German geographer and naturalist Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) exercised a considerable influence on Alfred Russel Wallace’s (1823-1913) decision to become a travelling naturalist. Almost no attention, however, has been given to the real possibility that von Humboldt exerted an even greater influence on Wallace’s general worldview. In this note, Wallace’s probable earliest contacts with von Humboldt’s writings are described.

Cannabis Treatment Of Autism In Children: A Literature Review, Mai Xiong

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Objectives: This literature review aims to summarize the effects of medical cannabis use in children on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) symptoms, side effects and provide recommendations for practice, education, and research. Background: ASD is characterized by core behaviors of significant impairment in social communication and interaction and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities (APA, 2013). In addition to these core behaviors, individuals with ASD often have noncore behavioral disorders and several medical comorbidities. Treatment for ASD symptoms includes Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), aripiprazole (Abilify) and/or risperidone (Risperdal). As of this review, 14 states have added ASD …

Predicting Mental Health Counseling Professionals’ Willingness To Discuss Sexuality Issues With Clients, Becca L. Thompson

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Sexuality is fundamental to the human experience and sexuality issues will affect every individual across the lifespan. Mental health counseling professionals (MHCPs) will likely encounter a client in their practice that presents with some facet of sexuality concern. MHCPs may be challenged by these disclosures or neglect to inquire about these needs due to underlying factors that contribute to decreased willingness to discuss sexuality with clients. This study explored the relationships of some of these factors, including sexual intervention self-efficacy, state anxiety, and trait anxiety, and further examined the extent to which these factors predict willingness to discuss sexuality with …

The Acts Of John Within The Johannine Corpus, James W. Barker

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

This essay reassesses the place of the Acts of John among other Johannine literature. Although the Gospel, three epistles, and Apocalypse were eventually deemed canonical, contemporary scholarship typically treats Revelation separately. Based on patristic testimony and manuscript materiality, I contend that not only the Apocalypse but also the Acts of John should be (re)incorporated alongside the Gospel and Epistles. Charles E. Hill has argued persuasively that the proto-orthodox were unafraid of the Fourth Gospel, despite its popularity among heterodox and heretical groups. I extend the same argument to the Acts of John.

Wolastoqiyik And Mi’Kmaq Grandmothers - Land/Water Defenders Sharing And Learning Circle: Generating Knowledge For Action, Sherry Pictou, Janet Conway, Angela Day

Reports & Public Policy Documents

This report is a summary of the Grandmothers/Defenders’ stories and are interwoven with corresponding news articles, press releases, and other public documents. This is followed by an overview of some of the critical common issues and importantly, strategies for moving forward proposed by the Grandmothers/Defenders.

The Grandmother’s Report is a collection of stories told by Wolastoqiyik Grandmother/Defenders against the Sisson Mine in New Brunswick and Mi’kmaq Grandmothers against the Alton Gas project in Nova Scotia at the event, Indigenous Grandmothers Sharing and Learning Circle: Generating Knowledge for Action, held at the Tatamagouche Centre in Nova Scotia, January 26 to 27, …

Species Selection And Plantation Management In Enrichment Planting With Native Timber Species In The Panama Canal Watershed, Abigail A. Marshall

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Large areas of the Panama Canal Watershed have been converted to monocultures of teak (Tectonia grandis), a non-native timber species that is generally not providing hoped-for economic and ecological benefits of Forest Landscape Restoration. Enrichment planting offers a potential strategy for revitalizing these underperforming plantations through the addition of high-value, native species to the understory, but more information is needed to guide implementation and management in this region and other tropical areas. I assessed the performance of six promising native species (B. crassifolia, D. retusa, D. oleifera, H. alchorneoides, P. pinnatum, T. amazonia) as an enrichment …

A Reintroduction Retrospective: Comparative Fisher (Pekania Pennanti) Survival And Prey Habitat Use In The Cascade Mountains Of Washington State, Tanner S.T. Humphries

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Increasing human impacts on biodiversity highlight the global need for ecological restoration. For many wildlife species, reintroduction is necessary to re-establish populations in parts of their historic range where they have been extirpated. Reintroduction efforts are commonly used to help restore ecosystem integrity, but are often expensive, time consuming, and unsuccessful at generating self-sustaining populations. Thus, a more complete understanding of the factors affecting restoration success is important for ensuring successful outcomes and responsible stewardship. Fishers (Pekania pennanti) are one of the most commonly reintroduced carnivores in North America, but the success of such efforts is highly variable, …

Witch Pamphlets, Tsea M. Francisconi

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The witch hysteria that overtook Christian Europe during the Early Modern era inspired a mass paranoia over the conspiratorial belief that the Abrahamic religion’s personification of the world’s evils, also known as Satan, the Devil, demons, or Lucifer interchangeably, was attempting to rise up and cause harm to Christian communities during this time period. It was believed that in order to achieve this goal the Christian version of the Devil had been recruiting humans within Christian communities and turning these chosen humans into witches by granting them the ability to wield magical powers to spread their destruction, murder, and terror …

A Moral Influenza: An Historical Archaeological Investigation Of The Prohibition Era In The United States 1920-1933, Kelli Michele Casias

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The following exploration of National Alcohol Prohibition in the United States employs an interdisciplinary approach to understand the impetus of the large-scale defiance of liquor laws and to identify the physical manifestations of the social process of mass resistance in the archaeological record. Historical documentation, newspaper publications, oral histories, landscape analysis of road development in Montana, and an archaeological survey of a mountain homestead site where manufacturer of illicit alcohol took place are used to contextualize the Prohibition Era from the perspective of the offender. The research goals of this work are varied and include documentation of the archaeological footprint …

Biomolecules As Model Indicators Of In Vitro And In Vivo Cold Plasma Safety, Caitlin Heslin, Daniela Boehm, Brendan F. Gilmore, Julianne Megaw, Theresa A. Freeman, Noreen Hickok, Patrick J. Cullen, Paula Bourke

Articles

The potential applications for cold plasma in medicine are extensive, from microbial inactivation and induction of apoptosis in cancer cells to stimulating wound healing and enhancing the blood coagulation cascade. The safe bio-medical application of cold plasma and subsequent effect on complex biological pathways requires precision and a distinct understanding of how physiological redox chemistry is manipulated. Chemical modification of biomolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids treated with cold plasma have been characterized, however, the context of how alterations of these molecules affect cell behavior or in vivo functionality has not been determined. Thus, this study examines the cytotoxic …

Characterizing A Novel Cocksackievirus B3 Protease Mutant And Its Response To Polyamine Depletion, Bridget Hulsebosch

Master's Theses

Enteroviruses, including Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), are pervasive pathogens that cause significant disease, including cardiomyopathies. Unfortunately, no treatments or vaccines are available for infected individuals. We identified the host polyamine pathway as a potential drug target, as inhibiting polyamine biosynthesis significantly reduces enterovirus replication in vitro and in vivo. Here, we show that CVB3 is sensitive to polyamine depletion through the polyamine analog diethylnorspermidine (DENSpm) which enhances polyamine catabolism through induction of polyamine acetylation. We demonstrate that CVB3 acquires resistance to DENSpm via mutation of the 2A protease, which enhances proteolytic activity in the presence of DENSpm. Resistance to DENSpm occurred …

Social Work And Participation In The Digital Environment, Rafael Acebes Valentín

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In this article, I present a set of communication strategies aimed at creating both online and offline communities based on an analysis of communication and participation in digital environments. These strategies seek to enhance convergence and congregation with the aim of achieving the best possible outcome from a thesis-antithesis-synthesis approach, a priority of digital social work.

From Music To Animacy: Causal Reasoning Links Animate Agents With Musical Sounds, Minju Kim, Adena Schachner

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Listening to music activates representations of movement and social agents. Why? We ask whether high-level causal reasoning about how music was generated can lead people to link musical sounds with animate agents. To test this, we asked whether people (N=60) make flexible inferences about whether an agent caused musical sounds, integrating information from the sounds’ timing and from the visual context in which it was produced. Using a 2x2 within-subject design, we found evidence of causal reasoning: In a context where producing a musical sequence would require self-propelled movement, people inferred that an agent had been present causing the sounds. …

Emotions And Intellectual Property Law, Margaret Chon

Faculty Articles

Emotions constitute an integral part of the diverse approaches that we bring to bear upon our most pressing law and policy issues. This article explores the role of emotions in intellectual property, information, and technology law (IP). Like other areas of law, IP commits to, prioritizes, and even honors, reason, logic, and facts—which can result in the sidelining of the affective components of law. Yet our affective responses to legal and other phenomena influence both cognition and reason. Part I of the article provides a general overview of the field of law and emotions, pointing out how this approach to …

Preschoolers’ Spontaneous Gesture Production Predicts Analogical Transfer, Minju Kim, Caren M. Walker

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

We explore the link between children’s gesture production and analogical reasoning. Specifically, we ask whether children who spontaneously gesture when completing a retelling task are more likely to engage in analogical transfer, compared to those who do not gesture. To test this, 85 5-7-year-olds listened to three superficially distinct stories that shared a common abstract problem and solution. After each of the first two exemplar stories, participants were asked to retell the story events to a naïve listener and their speech and spontaneous gesture(s) were coded. For the third story, participants were asked to generate the analogous solution themselves. Results …

Immigration Detention In The Age Of Covid-19, Efrat Arbel, Molly Joeck

All Faculty Publications

In this chapter, we analyze Canada’s response to the outbreak of COVID-19 as it relates to immigration detention. We focus on decisions released by the Immigration Division (ID) of the Immigration and Refugee Board, the quasi-judicial administrative tribunal tasked with detention-related decision-making in Canada. Writing in the four months after pandemic measures were first introduced in Canada, our analysis is by necessity provisional, and focuses on seventeen ID decisions released between mid-March and mid-May 2020, at the height of the pandemic in Canada. Our analysis of this dataset reveals an identifiable shift in ID practice: prior to the outbreak of …

Going Back Through, Cassandra Rae Lee

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

These are poems from between 2018 and 221 during which time the author continuously sought out romance, rearranged the furniture , and adopted animals. Amidst this unresolve, primary preoccupations were closeness, what we accrue+conceal, and the forces that guide poems into arrangement. Secondary preoccupations were dust, amnesia, distraction, conduits, and the seething junction of forces where contradiction can be held.

Out Into The Wilds: A Gay Marine's Journey Towards Self-Acceptance, David Harris Stalling

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

(A segment of a book-length project) Struggling with divorce, the death of his father and coming to terms with his sexuality, a former Force Recon Marine abandons the thought of suicide and decides, instead, to retreat to the wilds in a desperate attempt to make sense of thing. Hiking by himself for more than 1,000 miles, over three months, mostly off-trail through some of the most remote and wild country left in the United States, the author writes of his encounters with wolves, grizzlies, mountain lions and, more importantly, himself. "In the wilds," the author writes, "there are no societal-created …