Digital Commons Network^™

From Catch To Consumption: Food Security Dynamics In An Indonesian Fishing Community, Nicole Roberts

Open Access Master's Theses

Food and livelihood security are key concerns for coastal communities in Indonesia as local and global drivers threaten fisheries across the archipelago. However, the focus of fisheries management and conservation on fish production excludes important aspects of the fish food system such as local economies, relationships, and cultures. For management and conservation policy to address food insecurity and marine resource declines, there is a need to understand local trade and consumption. In this study, we use value chain analysis and a “fish as food” framework to investigate the links between fish production, distribution, and consumption in an Indonesian fishing community …

A Phylogenomic Approach To Explore Photosynthethic Stramenopile Evolution, Kristina Xenia Terpis

Open Access Master's Theses

Stramenopiles, Alveolates, and Rhizaria (SAR) are environmentally ubiquitous and form one of the most genetically diverse groups of eukaryotes on earth. Combined, these phyla encompass nearly half of all known eukaryotic genomic diversity. Stramenopiles comprise both non-photosynthetic taxa including important pathogens of animals and plants such as the gastric parasite Blastocystis and oomycetes like Phytophthora, the causative agent of the Irish Potato Famine. Additionally, photosynthetic members from the Phylum Ochrophyta, like the charismatic seaweeds such as giant kelp, create important ecosystems while diverse microbial phytoplankton including diatoms are fundamental to biogeochemical cycles and form the base of the food …

Student Perceptions About Metacognitive Learning Strategies In Introductory Biology Courses, Traci Collier

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractActive learning and argumentation are metacognitive teaching strategies that have demonstrated an effect on conceptual change in the sciences. Previous research studies have illustrated an association between active learning and argumentation, increased comprehension of content as well as improved academic performance and self-efficacy. However, there is a gap in literature about the perceptions of students on whether these teaching strategies are successful in increasing scientific conceptual understanding and self-efficacy. The first conceptual framework used for this study was Flavell’s theoretical and empirical research on metacognition, which provides a process for individuals to regulate their cognitive activity for increasing comprehension. A …

Stories Of Learning And Instructional Practices In Traditional Hawaiian Hula Education, Lynn Kaleihaunani Melena

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Teachers of traditional hula have preserved Native Hawaiian cultural knowledge despite societal changes that led to cultural suppression in Hawaii. However, little is known about how these teachers accomplished this feat. The purpose of this study was to understand how hula instruction has evolved to transmit cultural knowledge and how past methods influenced current instructor practices in sustaining a vibrant culture. Research questions explored the instructional approaches and innovations of hula teachers past and present in one traditional hula school. The conceptual framework integrated the Native Hawaiian worldview and a Western theory of participatory creativity. A qualitative study using Indigenous …

Blue Carbon Characteristics In Stormwater Bioretention Systems, Benjamin Sawosik

Master's Theses and Capstones

Recent studies have found that wetland ecosystems such as mangrove forests, tidal salt marshes, and seagrass beds serve as substantial carbon sinks. Carbon stored in the terrestrial environment rather than in the atmosphere has significant climate implications. Stormwater bioretention systems are intended to hydrologically manage urban runoff as well as reduce pollutant loading to receiving waters. In addition, bioretention systems may represent a significant sink of carbon. This secondary ecosystem service could be used as carbon credits to offset the global increase in carbon emissions. Soil samples were taken at varying depths and locations at 8 salt marsh and 21 …

Biocultural Evidence Of Precise Manual Activities In An Early Holocene Individual Of The High-Altitude Peruvian Andes, Fotios Alexandros Karakostis, Hugo Reyes-Centeno, Michael Franken, Gerhard Hotz, Kurt Rademaker, Katerina Harvati

Anthropology Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: Cuncaicha, a rockshelter site in the southern Peruvian Andes, has yielded archaeological evidence for human occupation at high elevation (4,480 masl) during the Terminal Pleistocene (12,500–11,200 cal BP), Early Holocene (9,500–9,000 cal BP), and later periods. One of the excavated human burials (Feature 15‐06), corresponding to a middle‐aged female dated to ~8,500 cal BP, exhibits skeletal osteoarthritic lesions previously proposed to reflect habitual loading and specialized crafting labor. Three small tools found in association with this burial are hypothesized to be associated with precise manual dexterity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Here, we tested this functional hypothesis through the application of …

Ancient Maya Rural Settlement Patterns, Household Cooperation, And Regional Subsistence Interdependency In The Río Bec Area: Contributions From G-Liht, Scott R. Hutson, Nicholas P. Dunning, Bruce Cook, Thomas Ruhl, Nicolas C. Barth, Daniel Conley

Anthropology Faculty Publications

Research on intensive agricultural features contributes to the social relations of farming, including the means by which farmers mobilize labor and the possible destination of surplus. Lidar provides high-resolution data on ancient houses and agricultural features at a regional scale. This paper uses lidar data from NASA’s G-LiHT airborne imager to derive insights about rural demography, interhousehold cooperation, and subsistence interdependency among the ancient Maya. We assess the differences in intensity of agricultural investment in rural and urban areas of the Río Bec region of southern Campeche and Quintana Roo, Mexico, leading to inferences about regional food exchange and complex …

Sharing The “Magic”: Exploring The Phenomenon Of Community And Nature Connectedness In Ancestral Skills Education, Anne Barksdale Graham

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

An ancestral skill is a “first” skill that may have originally been used for survival purposes but is no longer considered by Western culture to be required knowledge for human survival. Ancestral Skills Education is a method of sharing this ancestral knowledge through participatory, informal learning practices, in non-competitive environments, and from a non-commercial perspective. Ancestral Skills Education has the potential to create an eco-centric feeling of connectedness for practitioners. After experiencing these feelings of connectedness, ancestral skills practitioners may increase their pro-environment and pro-community thinking and behavior. The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to create a description …

Cop9 Signalosome Component Csn-5 Promotes Accumulation And Function Of Stem Cell Regulators Fbf-1 And Fbf-2, Emily Osterli

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

RNA-binding proteins FBF-1 and FBF-2 (FBFs) are required for stem cell maintenance in C. elegans, although the mechanisms by which FBFs protein levels are regulated remain unknown. Using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified an interaction between both FBFs and CSN-5, a component of the COP9 (constitutive photomorphogenesis 9) signalosome. This highly conserved COP9 complex can affect protein stability through a range of mechanisms including deneddylation, deubiquitination, and phosphorylation (Wolf et al., 2003). Mapping protein-protein interactions between FBFs and CSN-5 suggested that the MPN (Mpr1/Pad1 N-terminal) metalloprotease domain of CSN-5 interacts with the RNA-binding domain of FBFs at physiologically …

Seed Oil Content And Fatty Acid Profiles Of Endemic Phoenix Theophrasti Greuter, Phoenixroebelenii O'Brien, Phoenix Caneriensis Hort. Ex Chabaud, And Phoenix Dactylifera L.Grown In The Same Locality In Turkey, Zeynep Ergün

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Plants-based oils and fats usually obtained from seeds have been indispensable substances for mankind, both in nutritional and industrial respect. This study aimed to determine the total amount of oil and the fatty acid compositions of Phoenix theophrasti Greuter, P. roebelenii O'Brien, P. caneriensis Hort. Ex Chabaud, and P. dactylifera L. The seeds of these four Phoenix species were collected from the same location, east Mediterranean agroecological conditions when the fruits were fully ripened, which means the environmental factors that may affect the oil content and the fatty acid compositions were controlled. The highest oil content of the samples was …

Influence Of Different Drying Methods And Cold Storage Treatments On The Postharvestquality And Nutritional Properties Of P. Ostreatus Mushroom, Beyhan Ki̇bar

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different drying methods and cold storage treatments on the postharvest quality and nutritional properties of P. ostreatus mushroom. In the study, six different treatments including natural drying, oven drying (60 °C), microwave drying (450 W), storage at -18 °C, 4 °C and 10 °C were evaluated. After drying and cold storage, pH value, ash, protein, color, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity and element contents in mushroom samples were detected. According to findings obtained from the study, drying and cold storage treatments significantly (p < 0.01) affected the postharvest quality and nutritional composition of P. ostreatus. The protein content, ash content, L* color value, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity and essential mineral contents such as potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, iron, zinc, and manganese of P. ostreatus decreased after drying and cold storage compared to the fresh mushroom sample. As a result, the best treatment was determined as storage at 4 °C in terms of protection the quality and nutritional value of P. ostreatus during postharvest storage. In addition, natural drying was the most effective treatment among drying methods, and it can be used successfully for longterm storage of this mushroom. However, it was concluded that microwave drying method was not suitable for the preservation of P. ostreatus since it caused significant nutrient and quality losses. The results of the present study will provide useful information about postharvest preservation and processing of P. ostreatus for researchers working on this issue.

Effects Of Biological Metabolism Of Metasequoia Glyptostroboides On Nutrient Elementcontent And Enzyme Activity In Seedling Soil, Cuiyue Dong

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Soil has high spatial variability. Under the change of water level, soil nutrient element content and enzyme activity do not show regular changes. Therefore, the effects of biological metabolism on soil nutrient element content and enzyme activity in the adult stage of Metasequoia glyptostroboides were proposed. The characteristics of the soil were extracted, the irreversibility, accumulation, concealment and refractory rationality of the nutrient element content in the soil were expounded. According to the soil characteristics, the relationship between the nutrient element content and enzyme activity in the soil was analysed. The pH value, organic matter, lead and manganese contents of …

Face As The Image Of God In The Jewish Pseudepigrapha, Andrei Orlov

Theology Faculty Research and Publications

From a Jewish text, known to us as 2 Enoch,we learn interesting details about Adam’s creation. Both recensions of 2 Enoch 44 tell us “the Lord with his own two hands created humankind; in a likeness of his own face (в подобии лица своего), both small and great, the Lord created [them].” It is intriguing that 2 Enoch departs here from the traditional reading attested in Genesis 1:26–27, where Adam was created, not in a likeness of God’s face, but after His image (tselem).  In view of this departure, the author of one of the English translations …

The Attitudes And Perspectives Of Small Rural School Administrators Towards Secondary Math Instruction, Timothy J. Ebendick Ii

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Rural schools account for nearly 25% of the K-12 student population across the United States. With such a significant portion of the school system located in rural schools, the learning outcomes in these schools will inevitable impact the broader school system in the United States. This study looks to investigate a small selection of these rural schools in Colorado. This study investigates the broad question of, what is the school climate of math instruction in small, rural districts in Colorado. A survey of Administrators in rural schools across Colorado was conducted to assess what are the attitudes and perceptions towards …

Evaluating The Effects Of Atlantic Menhaden Management And Environmental Change On The Northwest Atlantic Ocean Ecosystem, Maxwell T. Grezlik

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Atlantic Menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) is an abundant forage fish species whose management has recently shifted from using single species reference points to ecological reference points. This type of management allows for the ecological role (e.g., supporting predators) of the species to be considered when making management decisions, and is part of a growing global movement towards ecosystem-based fisheries management. One model that aided in this transition from single species to ecological reference points was the Northwest Atlantic Continental Shelf (NWACS13) model created using Ecopath with Ecosim (Buchheister et al. 2017). Here, I updated and expanded the NWACS13 model …

Ecological And Social Drivers Of Mexican Gray Wolf (Canis Lupus Baileyi) Home Range Patterns Across Spatiotemporal Scales, Evelyn M. Lichwa

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Elucidating factors influencing home range size are fundamental relationships that can be described for any wildlife species, particularly those of conservation concern. The Mexican gray wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) is an endangered sub-species of the gray wolf whose home range patterns have not yet been studied. I estimated home range sizes for 22 Mexican wolf packs using Brownian Bridge Movement Models (95% UD). Generalized linear mixed effect models were used to evaluate environmental and social variables across four timeframes. Annual home range size was inversely related to human density and tree cover. During the denning period, home range …

Biomass-Derived Electrode Materials And Sustainable Processes For Supercapacitors, Katelyn M. Shell

Theses and Dissertations

Biomass is one of the most abundant natural resources and has been used as a source of energy for thousands of years. Biomass as a precursor for energy storage materials is still relatively novel and faces several obstacles before becoming commonly used in today’s electrical devices. Currently, energy storage devices, such as batteries, capacitors, and supercapacitors, utilize petroleum-derived graphitic carbons for anodes, generating a need for more sustainable materials. Biomass, as a carbon-rich source for electrode materials, presents a viable and economically feasible alternative due to the prevalent lignocellulosic compounds: lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Preliminary studies on the solid residues …

Recreation, Vegetation Management, And Disease Impact Sympatric Carnivore Activity In California's East Bay Parks, Leigh J. Douglas

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

East Bay Regional Park District designated over 1000 ha of protected wildland-urban interface habitat in the hills of California’s East Bay Area for invasive tree removal to reduce fire risk and restore native habitat over a 10-year period starting in 2016. From June to November 2019, 36 camera traps were deployed using a stratified two-pronged detection approach of surveying recreation and wildlife trails to assess the impact of vegetation management on the spatiotemporal distribution of sympatric carnivore species while accounting for potential impacts of human activity and proximity to development. The sampling effort resulted in 5,191 cumulative trap nights, 2,739 …

Free Speech And Democracy: A Primer For Twenty-First Century Reformers, Toni M. Massaro, Helen Norton

Publications

Left unfettered, the twenty-first-century speech environment threatens to undermine critical pieces of the democratic project. Speech operates today in ways unimaginable not only to the First Amendment’s eighteenth-century writers but also to its twentieth-century champions. Key among these changes is that speech is cheaper and more abundant than ever before, and can be exploited — by both government and powerful private actors alike — as a tool for controlling others’ speech and frustrating meaningful public discourse and democratic outcomes.

The Court’s longstanding First Amendment doctrine rests on a model of how speech works that is no longer accurate. This invites …

Deep Cuts: Four Critiques Of Legal Ideology, Justin Deystone, Akbar Rasulov

Publications

This Article begins an effort to rekindle the intellectual tradition of critical legal theory. The context for the project is significant. On the one hand is the grip of a social crisis, the contours of which continue to confound the commentariat. Racism, xenophobia, gendered violence, migration and nation, climate change, health pandemics, political corruption. The parade is as intimidating as it is spectacular. On the other hand, the very tools of criticism we depend upon in identifying these characters in the parade, much less the spectacle of the parade itself, are themselves in crisis. There is, in a word, a …

Decarceration And Default Mental States, Benjamin Levin

Publications

This Essay, presented at “Guilty Minds: A Virtual Conference on Mens Rea and Criminal Justice Reform” at ASU’s Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law, examines the politics of federal mens rea reform legislation. I argue that current mens rea policy debates reflect an overly narrow vision of criminal justice reform. Therefore, I suggest an alternative frame through which to view mens rea reform efforts—a frame that resonates with radical structural critiques that have gained ground among activists and academics.

Common arguments for and against mens rea reform reflect a belief that the problem with the criminal system is one of …

Optimizing A Pediatric Dka Protocol In A Tertiary Care Hospital System In Northern West Virginia, Jennifer L. Burky

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when the body compensates for insufficient insulin, producing dangerously high levels of ketones. Without proper treatment, DKA can be fatal. For that reason, staff in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) at a tertiary care hospital in northern West Virginia expressed concerns about the complexity of and lack of adherence to a poorly referenced and dated DKA treatment protocol.

Objective: The purpose of this project was to assess the feasibility and sustainability of optimizing the DKA protocol in the PICU. The primary objective was to implement an updated, …

Biocompatible And Multifunctional Trityl Spin Probes For Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Teresa D. Gluth

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The primary objective of my thesis was to develop and utilize a biocompatible multifunctional trityl spin probe for concurrent measurement of pO₂, pH_e, and [P_i] in vivo by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy (Chapter 2). My first goal was to synthesize the proposed probe we are terming HOPE71. Secondly, HOPE71 was characterized by X-band and L-band EPR spectroscopy. Next, the biocompatibility of HOPE71 was assessed through an albumin binding test, cytotoxicity assays, and in vivo intravenous tolerance. Then, the use of HOPE71 to measure the target parameters was demonstrated in a breast cancer …

Extending Animal Welfare Science To Include Wild Animals, Walter Veit, Heather Browning

Animal Sentience

Ng’s (2016) target article built on his earlier work advocating a science of welfare biology (Ng 1995). Although there were problems with the models proposed in Ng’s original paper regarding the balance of pleasure and suffering for wild animals, his call for a science of wild animal welfare was a sound one. This does not require a new discipline but just an extension of the existing frameworks and methods of animal welfare science to include wild animals.

Development Of Vibrating Sharp-Edge Spray Ionization (Vssi) Methods For Mass Spectrometry Analysis And Imaging, Nandhini Ranganathan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Mass Spectrometry (MS) is one of the widely used tools for chemical detection down to attomole concentrations for certain proteins. Ionization sources are a critical component for MS analysis. One of the major ionization methods is electrospray ionization (ESI), which remains a gold standard for proteins and peptides. ESI uses voltages up to ~4 kV to produce ions from solubilized molecules. Recently, a novel ionization method termed vibrating sharp-edge spray ionization (VSSI) that nebulizes liquids efficiently at the edge of a vibrating glass slide has been reported. The work in this thesis leverages the capabilities of VSSI for continuous flow-based …

Mechanisms And Therapeutic Interventions For Breast Cancer-Induced Fatigue And Mitochondrial Dysfunction, David Andrew Stanton

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

According to the latest statistics from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), about 1 in 8 U.S. women (~13%) will develop invasive breast cancer over the course of their lifetime. This translates to an estimated 268,600 new cases of breast cancer for the year 2019, and these diagnoses will collectively make up 15% of all new cancer cases across all cancer types. The majority of these women will experience the often-debilitating symptom of breast cancer-induced fatigue. these patients often have difficulty performing normal activities of daily living, have decreased tolerance to traditional tumor-directed therapies, and have higher rates of cancer recurrence. …

A Deep Learning Approach To Lncrna Subcellular Localization Using Inexact Q-Mer, Weijun Yi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Long non coding Ribonucleic Acids (lncRNAs) can be localized to different cellular components, such as the nucleus, exosome, cytoplasm, ribosome, etc. Their biological functions can be influenced by the region of the cell they are located. Many of these lncRNAs are associated with different challenging diseases. Thus, it is crucial to study their subcellular localization. However, compared to the vast number of lncRNAs, only relatively few have annotations in terms of their subcellular localization. Conventional computational methods use q-mer profiles from lncRNA sequences and then train machine learning models, such as support vector machines and logistic regression with the profiles. …

Design And Synthesis Of Targeted Immunotherapeutic Agents, Md Shohel Rana

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The therapeutic monoclonal antibodies are very important tools to fight against the diseases especially in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Many immunotherapeutic antibodies are being used to treat cancer that target multiple different components of the cancer microenvironment. Cells with extracellular juxtacrine ligands [JL-cells] and extracellular juxtacrine receptors [JR-cells] form JL-cell-JR-cell interfaces that produce juxtacrine signals inside JR-cells. [76] Juxtacrine signaling unlike endocrine or paracrine signaling requires no release or cellular uptake of ligands. [76] Immune checkpoint inhibitors are soluble IgG antibodies that block juxtacrine ligand engagements with juxtacrine receptors on tumor or other immune cells. [77] Rapid Nobel Prize …

Unique Biological Applications Of Charge Transfer Dissociation Mass Spectrometry, Halle M. Edwards

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The ever-changing landscape of mass spectrometry is driven by gaps in knowledge, and one of the biggest driving forces is the desire to understand the structure and dynamics of biomolecules in living organisms. New and better methods of tandem mass spectrometry are often at the heart of technological developments. Some fragmentation methods are limited to expensive FTICR instruments, some techniques are limited multiply charged precursors, and others are limited to breaking only the weakest bonds in precursor ions; all of which support the pursuit of new activation methods. Charge transfer dissociation (CTD) addresses some of these concerns by providing structurally …

Online Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Charge Transfer Dissociation-Mass Spectrometry (Uhplc-Ctd-Ms) Of Complex Mixtures Of Oligosaccharides, Praneeth M. Mendis

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Abstract

Online Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Charge Transfer Dissociation-Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-CTD-MS) of Complex Mixtures of Oligosaccharides

Praneeth M. Mendis

Complex carbohydrates make up more than half the biomass on earth, and they are crucial to a wide range of processes in living organisms. When polysaccharides and glycans are enzymatically digested into manageable units called oligosaccharides, they typically consist of 2-20 linear or branched sugar units. The detailed structural analysis of oligosaccharides assists in the identification of structural and chemical properties of the polymers from which they derive. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is a key technique used in oligosaccharides structural characterization. Within …