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Geochemical Characterization Of The Paleoproterozoic Massif-Type Anorthosites From The Ubendian Belt, Tanzania, Nelson Boniface

Tanzania Journal of Science

Paleoproterozoic massif-type anorthosites occur in Southern Ubendian Belt (Upangwa Terrane) in Tanzania, mainly as mafic-plutons (meta-anorthosite and meta-gabbro) associated with ultramafic stocks and titaniferous magnetite bodies. Variably metamorphosed silicic granitoids are also recorded in the area. This article presents geochemical characteristics of meta-anorthosites, meta-gabbros and the associated granitoids in order to determine their genetic links and geotectonic settings. The meta-anorthosites, meta-gabbros and meta-tonalite have indistinguishable chondrite normalized REE patterns displaying LREE-enriched patterns (e.g., (La/Sm)N = 1.97–6.10) and negatively sloping HREE ((La/Yb)N = 4.05–47.06) suggesting continental crustal affinity. The trace element patterns of the studied meta-anorthosites are characterized by enrichments of …

Bayesian Estimation Of Regression Quantiles In The Presence Of Autocorrelated Errors, Ayoade I. Adewole, Olusoga A. F Fasoranbaku

Tanzania Journal of Science

This is a study of  Bayesian quantile regression that broadly considered the estimation of regression quantiles in the presence of autocorrelated error. Regression models are based on several important statistical assumptions upon which their inferences rely. Autocorrelation of the error terms violates the ordinary least squares regression assumption that error terms are uncorrelated which invalidate Gauss Markov theorem. This study designed schemes for estimation and making inference of regression quantiles in the presence of autocorrelated errors using Bayesian approach. Bayesian method to quantile regression models regards unknown parameters as random variables and the parameter uncertainty was taken into account without …

Mapping Of The Geological Structures Using Digital Elevation Model (Dem)-Derived Flow Direction: A Case Study Of Rungwe Volcanic Province, Southwest Tanzania, Elisante Elisaimon Mshiu

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study aimed to assess the potentiality of Digital Elevation Model (DEM)-derived flow direction in mapping geologic structures, specifically in areas with thick overburden of soil or volcanic materials such as in the Rungwe Volcanic Province, SW Tanzania. Clustering of flow directions based on trends of structure sets found in the study area was applied and it successfully revealed a large number of geological structures through demarcated tectonic blocks from patterns created by flow directions. Northwest–southwest (NW-SE) and NE-SW- trending lineaments are the dominant structural sets in the area whereas N-S and E-W-trending lineaments constitute the minor sets. Moreover, the …

Epidemiological Significance Of Parasitic Infections In Olive Baboons (Papio Anubis) At Gombe National Park, Tanzania, Jared S. Bakuza

Tanzania Journal of Science

Several parasites of significant health importance have been observed in baboons at Gombe National Park in western Tanzania.  However, little is known on impacts these infections have on baboon health. Baboon stools were examined for parasites using formol-ethyl technique and their health and troop membership associated with parasitic infections. Observed nematode parasites were; Streptopharagus sp., Physaloptera sp., unidentified nematodes, hookworms and Trichuris sp. Trematode parasites included Schistosoma mansoni and unidentified trematode, with the latter’s intensity being highest in DB troop baboons. Parasite egg counts (epg) for nematodes ranged from 9 to 12, and that of trematodes from 4 to 40 …

Monodisperse Polystyrene Microspheres: Studies On The Effects Of Reaction Parameters On Particle Diameter And Colloidal Stability, Ikhazuagbe H. Ifijen, Esther U. Ikhuoria

Tanzania Journal of Science

The synthesis of highly monodisperse polystyrene (PS) microspheres via surfactant-free emulsion polymerization process was successfully carried out. Various reaction conditions such as initiator amount, monomer amount, reaction temperature and stirring speed were varied with a view to studying the effects of these polymerization parameters on the particle diameter and colloidal stability of the synthesized PS microspheres. Microscopic analysis revealed that the as-synthesized particles are spherical in shape without any form of agglomeration. Thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA) analysis revealed that the prepared PS sample completely degrades at 465 °C. DLS analysis showed a reduction in the average particle diameters of the as-synthesized …

Agricultural Information Sources, Channels And Strategies For Sharing Agricultural Research Findings Among Farmers In Iringa District In Tanzania, Andrew Malekani, Christian Mubofu

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The aim of this research was to investigate the agricultural information sources and strategies for disseminating agricultural research findings to farmers in Iringa District, Tanzania. A total of 90 farmers were interviewed by using self-administered questionnaire. The statistical Package for Service Solutions (SPSS) software and Spreadsheet were used as instruments to analyse the findings. Results of this study indicate that radios, church leaders, village leaders and seminars are the main channels of information used by extension officers to disseminate agricultural information to farmers. With regard to strategies the study revealed that, the use of religious leaders and government officials; use …

The “Indo” In The “Indo-Pacific”—An Indian View, Yogendra Kumar, Probal K. Ghosh

Naval War College Review

While some security arrangements exist in the Indo-Pacific, there is no overall regional security architecture, geopolitical headwinds are causing existing arrangements to wobble, and loose groupings of countries are emerging either to strengthen or to weaken those arrangements. India’s strategic stakes are growing, but it faces capacity and capability issues that impose prioritization constraints.

Religious Beliefs, Social Pressure, And Stigma: Rural Women’S Perceptions And Beliefs About Vasectomy In Pwani, Tanzania, Eunice Pallangyo, Agnes Msoka, Sharon Brownie, Eleanor Holroyd

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Despite being a reliable and cost effective family planning method, vasectomy remains underutilized in many low resource settings such as East Africa. We explored rural women’s perceptions and beliefs regarding barriers to vasectomy use in the low resource setting of Pwani, Tanzania. The qualitative study used in-depth semi-structured interviews to obtain data. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 20 married/cohabiting women with two or more children. Thematic analysis guided the data analysis, with qualitative data reporting informed by COREQ guidelines. Most participants were Muslim and had between two and six children. Most had completed primary-level education and were engaged in …

Pilot Study: Educational Tool Reduces Parental Stress At Home Post Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Rachel Barsella

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Congenital heart disease is a prevalent health issue in patients around the world. Approximately 8 in 1,000 live births are complicated by congenital heart disease (Ndile & Kohi, 2011). Increased levels of stress and anxiety have been reported by parents of children with congenital heart disease throughout the process of cardiac surgery, hospitalization, and especially discharge home (Brown & Smith, 2018). This pilot research study utilized pre-intervention and post-intervention survey methodology to examine the impact of an educational tool on parental stress while caring for their child at home post cardiac surgery. The educational tool created by the researcher was …

Neutrophil Infiltration Into The Cervical Compartment Is Suppressed By Hiv Infection, Madeline Maschka

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

Human Papillomavirus (HPV), is a small circular dsDNA virus with at least 200 different genotypes; each genotype is identified by at least 10% difference at the DNA level in the L1 capsid gene. Each HPV genotype affects the body in different tissues, either mucosal or cutaneous. Mucosal HPVs type 16 and 18 are known as high-risk strains, since HPV infection is the most common cause of cervical cancer and plays a central role in formation of precancerous lesions. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) damages the body’s immune system by targeting CD4+ T cells. Once CD4+ T cells are infected, the body …

Blockchain: A Disruptive And Transformative Technology Of The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Mark J. Mwandosya, Matthew L. Luhanga

Business Management Review

The blockchain, a technology that is variously described as Web 3.0 or the internet of value, is expected to play a disruptive and transformative role in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). As a digital platform, it is disrupting legacy business models and creating new ones. While much work is currently being undertaken on the advances and utilization of this nascent technology, there is a paucity of scholarly output, particularly from African centers of learning. This paper describes the evolution and development of the technology, its positive elements, and barriers to its application. Suggestions are made on opportunities available to African …

The Impact Of Entrepreneurship Education And Entrepreneurial Attitude On Entrepreneurial Intentions Among Undergraduate Students In Uganda, Moses Kisame Kisubi, Michael Korir, Ronald Bonuke

Business Management Review

The study aimed at establishing the impact of entrepreneurship education and attitude on students ' entrepreneurial intentions using Liñán ' s entrepreneurial intention model. To attain the objective of the study, a cross sectional and explanatory survey approach were employed. Systematic sampling technique was utilized to collect data from a sample of 458 final year undergraduate students from Makerere and Kyambogo Universities in Uganda. Data was analyzed using Hayes (2018) Process macro vs3.2 (Model 4). Study findings indicate that there is no significant difference in the entrepreneurial intentions between business and non-business students. Entrepreneurship education and attitude were found to …

Hospitality Employment Perceptions Among Non-Hospitality Management Students And Their Implications For Subsequent Job Hire In The Industry, John J. Sanga

Business Management Review

This paper analyses the implications for hiring non-hospitality students in the hospitality industry. Specifically, it focuses on their perceptions and intentions. It also examines the role industry exposure plays in shaping the students ' perceptions and intentions towards hospitality employment. The data was collected from final year students studying business management programmes at the University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania. Results show that in general, business management students negatively perceive the tourism industry and associated career prospects. On the other hand, the nature of work, pay and benefits and physical work conditions were found to be insignificant and powerful …

Organizational Justice And Job Satisfaction Among Different Employee Groups: The Mediating Role Of Trust, Jacqueline Ngeleshi, Theresia Dominic

Business Management Review

In an increasingly volatile labor market, organizations need to find ways to improve employees ' trust in order to retain them. This study uses data from 212 employees from the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) in Tanzania to examine the effect of organizational justice and level of trust on job satisfaction across different groups of employees by gender and tenure. The study proposed that the level of trust would mediate the influence of organizational justice on job satisfaction levels of all employees and within employee sub-groups categorized by gender and tenure. The study then confirms the hypotheses by using structural equation …

The Effect Of Mobile Money Uses On Rudimentary Financial Literacy In Tanzania, Regina Nyakale, Deogratius M.B. Rugaimukamu, Rocky J. Akaro

Business Management Review

Understanding the relationship between mobile money financial services and rudimentary financial literacy could greatly inform strategies towards the improvement of financial services. This paper examines the effect of mobile money financial services on the rudimentary financial literacy of household members in Mbeya and Dodoma regions. The study specifically intended to jointly model the prevalence of mobile money financial services and rudimentary financial literacy by employing the bivariate probit regression model. A questionnaire was used to obtain data from 384 household members aged at least 18 years who were engaged in economic activities in 2018. The results show that age, education …

Fiscal Expansion, Adjustment And Economic Growth In Tanzania 1967 To 2016, John M. Mtui, Michael O.A. Ndanshau

Business Management Review

The study analyses the effect of fiscal expansion and adjustment on economic growth in Tanzania over the period 1967 to 2016. Use of descriptive analysis was complemented by econometric analysis based on estimation of an error correction model (ECM) conditioned on co-integration test by bounds (ARDL) technique. The bounds test procedure established the variables of the estimating equation were co-integrated. Expansionary fiscal policy regime was obviated by its negative effect on growth over the period 1967 €“1992 and its positive effect during its adjustment over the period 1993 €“2016. Other fundamentals, including inflation, human capital, domestic investment, financial deepening, and …

The Role Of Spatial Context For Women ' S Engagement In Rural Entrepreneurship In Tanzania, Merezia Wilson, Lettice K. Rutashobya, Johan Gaddefors, Lemayon Melyoki

Business Management Review

This paper intends to explore the role that spatial context plays in women ' s engagement in rural entrepreneurship. Positioned in a social constructivist perspective, spatial context is taken not as a background, but rather as an entrepreneurial milieu with its elements constructed and experienced. This paper argues that in order to understand how spatial context influences and is being influenced by women ' s engagement in entrepreneurial activities, scholars need to move away from considering spatial context as merely geographical locations, which allow for free flowing social relations and exchanges, and look at it as an active ingredient that …

Columbia Chronicle (03/09/2020), Columbia College Chicago

Columbia Chronicle

Student newspaper from March 9, 2020 entitled The Columbia Chronicle. This issue is 16 pages. Cover story: "'OOPS': 14 adjuncts were overpaid by the college. Now, they have to pay it back.". Editor-in-Chief: Alexandra Yetter.

Family Medicine In Tanzania: Seize The Moment, Riaz Ratansi, Bernhard M. Gaede

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

In the context of addressing the pressing health needs for the global population, the World Health Organization has repeatedly called for universal health coverage (UHC) to be prioritised by its member countries. This is to be achieved through a high-quality primary health care (PHC) approach that provides comprehensive and integrated generalist care as close to where people live as well as links the clinical care to health promotion and disease prevention. In this paper, we argue for the introduction of family medicines as a critical player in the healthcare system of Tanzania to strengthen the strategies towards UHC. The paper …

Adherence To Universal Precautions And Associated Factors Among Nurses Caring For Critically Ill Patients In Dar Es Salaam Tanzania, Salma A. Wibonela, Columba Mbekenga, Fatina B. Ramadhani, Ally Mwanga, Pedro Palangyo

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Globally, it is known that heath care workers particularly in critical care settings are at higher risk of occupational exposure to infections. Surveillance systems to monitor body fluid exposure have been established in developed world. However, such systems are not available and consequently, exposure to body fluids is rarely reported, documented and monitored in many African countries.

Objectives: To assess knowledge, practice and factors influencing adherence of Universal Precautions of infection prevention among nurses at Muhimbili national hospital and Muhimbili orthopaedic institute Dar es salaam Tanzania.

Design: Quantitative cross-sectional and observational study. SPSS was used for data …

Factors Associated With First Antenatal Care Booking Among Pregnant Women At A Reproductive Health Clinic In Tanzania: A Cross Sectional Study, Lucy Kisaka, Sebalda Leshabari

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is a key basic intervention targeting maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the first ANC booking before 12 weeks of gestation. This enhances positive maternal and fetal outcomes through early detection of complications, prompt treatment, referral, and management of expected physiological changes. Despite high ANC coverage (98%), free contacts, and easy accessibility, little is known why few (24%) pregnant women in Tanzania book their first ANC-visit early. This study aimed to identify factors associated with first ANC booking among pregnant women in a Tanzanian reproductive health clinic.

Methods: Systematic …

Namibia: The Road To Independence And The Problem Of Succession Of States, Lynn Berat

Journal of Political Science

No abstract provided.

Early Marriage In Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study Exploring The Associated Factors, Ashis Talukder, Muhammad M. Hasan, Shaharior R. Razu, Zobayer Hossain

Journal of International Women's Studies

This cross-sectional study intends to explore the factors associated with the prevalence of early marriage among female teenagers in Bangladesh. Data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS, 2014) were used to meet the study objective. Two binary logistic models were run to estimate the factors that influence early marriage. In Model-I, the covariates were considered in a bivariate setup, and unadjusted odds ratios (UOR) were obtained from Model-II, where all the covariates were taken into account to get the adjusted odds ratio. Results show that the level of education for both females and their partners, religiosity, possession of …

Surveillance Of Culex And Aedes Mosquitoes In Lincoln, Lancaster County, Nebraska, William Noundou

Department of Entomology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

In 2018, West Nile virus (WNV) was identified as the leading cause of mosquito-borne disease in the continental United States. In response to this very serious problem, the Lincoln-Lancaster County Public Health Department (LLCHD) reinforced their mosquito surveillance program, which constitutes one of the best available tools to fight against this serious threat to human health. The objectives of this study were to 1) expand knowledge of the activity and relative abundance of mosquito communities in understudied areas and 2) evaluate differences in mosquito communities by urban and rural location, especially focusing on known vector species. A total of 6 …

The Effectiveness Of Library Instruction For Graduate/Professional Students: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Adelia B. Grabowsky, Liza J. Weisbrod

Georgia International Conference on Information Literacy

Library instruction to improve information literacy (IL) is often considered essential only for undergraduates. However, students in graduate/professional programs do not always have the requisite skills needed for graduate level study and research, which suggests they may also benefit from library instruction targeted specifically to graduate students. This study used a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of library instruction for increasing IL skills and/or knowledge among graduate and professional students. The authors searched seven databases to identify studies published in English between 2000 and 2019 that reported on library instruction for graduate or professional students, and objectively …

On Tanzania’S Precipitation Climatology, Variability, And Future Projection, Krishna Borhara, Binod Pokharel, Brennan L. Bean, Liping Deng, Shih-Yu (Simon) Wang

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

We investigate historical and projected precipitation in Tanzania using observational and climate model data. Precipitation in Tanzania is highly variable in both space and time due to topographical variations, coastal influences, and the presence of lakes. Annual and seasonal precipitation trend analyses from 1961 to 2016 show maximum rainfall decline in Tanzania during the long rainy season in the fall (March–May), and an increasing precipitation trend in northwestern Tanzania during the short rainy season in the spring (September–November). Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis applied to Tanzania’s precipitation patterns shows a stronger correlation with warmer temperatures in the western Indian Ocean …

Adequacy Of Hemodialysis And Its Associated Factors Among Patients Undergoing Chronic Hemodialysis In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Samina Somji, Pascal Ruggajo, Sibtain Moledina

Internal Medicine, East Africa

The worldwide prevalence of maintenance hemodialysis continues to rise. An adequate delivery of hemodialysis dose as measured by Kt/V or urea reduction ratio is a crucial determinant of clinical outcome for chronic hemodialysis patients. )e aim of this study was to assess the adequacy of hemodialysis and its associated factors among patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis in Dar es Salaam. )is was a cross-sectional study done on patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis in four dialysis centers in Dar es Salaam. Sociodemographic information and treatment characteristics were collected. Urea reduction rate and single-pool Kt/V were calculated to determine the adequacy of hemodialysis. )e …

Perception And Attitude Of Librarians Towards Cloud Computing In The University Of Dar Es Salaam Library, Ogagaoghene U. Idhalama, Antidius Fidelis

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

The study investigated the perception and attitude of librarians towards Cloud Computing in the University of Dar es Salaam library. Five research objectives were raised to guide this research work; some of which are determining the level of awareness of cloud computing by librarians, perception of cloud computing by librarians, attitude of librarians towards cloud computing and others. It applied a descriptive research design using quantitative approach. The population of the study was made up of 125 librarians but a census sampling method was employed to generate 94 respondents and only questionnaire was used to collect data. The study …

Surveillance Of Culex And Aedes Mosquitoes In Lincoln, Lancaster County, Nebraska, William Noundou

Department of Entomology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

In 2018, West Nile virus (WNV) was identified as the leading cause of mosquito-borne disease in the continental United States. In response to this very serious problem, the Lincoln-Lancaster County Public Health Department (LLCHD) reinforced their mosquito surveillance program, which constitutes one of the best available tools to fight against this serious threat to human health. The objectives of this study were to 1) expand knowledge of the activity and relative abundance of mosquito communities in understudied areas and 2) evaluate differences in mosquito communities by urban and rural location, especially focusing on known vector species. A total of 6 …

Perception And Attitude Of Librarians Towards Cloud Computing In The University Of Dar Es Salaam Library, Ogagaoghene Uzezi Idhalama Mr, Antidius Fidelis

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

The study investigated the perception and attitude of librarians towards Cloud Computing in the University of Dar es Salaam library. Five research objectives were raised to guide this research work; some of which are determining the level of awareness of cloud computing by librarians, perception of cloud computing by librarians, attitude of librarians towards cloud computing and others. It applied a descriptive research design using quantitative approach. The population of the study was made up of 125 librarians but a census sampling method was employed to generate 94 respondents and only questionnaire was used to collect data. The study …