Digital Commons Network^™

Impact Of Public Transit And Walkability On Quality Of Life And Equity Analysis In Terms Of Access To Non-Work Amenities In The United States, Muhammad Asif Khan

Transportation Logistics and Finance

The past literature suggest that transportation can impact quality of life (QOL) both directly and indirectly. The first part of this dissertation attempted to comprehensively evaluate the impact of transportation (specifically public transit, and walkability) along with physical built environment, and sociodemographic indicators on community QOL, and overall life satisfaction (OLS) of an individual living in his community. The study used an advanced technique of structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate the impact of these factors on community QOL and individual’s OLS. The study results revealed that physical built environment, public transit need for a community, perceived public transit importance …

Rubric Rating With Mfrm Versus Randomly Distributed Comparative Judgment: A Comparison Of Two Approaches To Second-Language Writing Assessment, Maureen E. Sims, Troy L. Cox, Grant T. Eckstein, K. James Hartshorn, Matthew P. Wilcox, Judson M. Hart

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study is to explore the reliability of a potentially more practical approach to direct writing assessment in the context of ESL writing. Traditional rubric rating (RR) is a common yet resource-intensive evaluation practice when performed reliably. This study compared the traditional rubric model of ESL writing assessment and many-facet Rasch modeling (MFRM) to comparative judgment (CJ), the new approach, which shows promising results in terms of reliability. We employed two groups of raters—novice and experienced—and used essays that had been previously double-rated, analyzed with MFRM, and selected with fit statistics. We compared the results of the …

Supporting Students During Covid-19: Developing And Leveraging Academic Communities Of Engagement In A Time Of Crisis, Jered Borup, Michelle Jensen, Leanna Archambault, Cecil R. Short, Charles R. Graham

Faculty Publications

As school closures require educators to transition to remote teaching, relevant models for supporting students are necessary. This article discusses Academic Communities of Engagement (ACE), a framework identifying two communities to help support student engagement: (a) the course community associated with course or school (teacher, peers, administrators, counselors) and (b) students’ personal community with long-standing relationships (parents, siblings, friends). Within the framework these communities can provide affective, behavioral, and cognitive support in online (remote) settings. Examples from two schools that had to go remote demonstrate application of the framework promoting student engagement and success.

Science Into Practice: Effective Solutions For Social Isolation And Loneliness., Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Ryan Layton, Bonnie Barton, Timothy B. Smith

Faculty Publications

Robust research evidence confirms the adverse health effects of social isolation and loneliness, with increasing focus on finding effective solutions. What can we extract from epidemiology and relationship science to help us design more effective solutions? This article identifies themes in contemporary scholarship that inform effective program and intervention design. The themes include: (1) multiple underlying causal factors that may require tailored approach; (2) the time course of relationships and disease development versus length of interventions; (3) the protective effects of relationships are based on naturally occurring or existing close relationships, yet most programs involve strangers; and (4) not all …

The Settlement Norm In Audit Legal Disputes: Insights From Prominent Attorneys*, Eldar Maksymov, Jeffrey Pickerd, D. Jordan Lowe, Mark E. Peecher, Andrew Reffett

Faculty Publications

Prior research indicates that most audit legal disputes settle. There is, however, little evidence of the factors that drive the settlement norm and its exceptions in audit legal disputes. To better understand these factors, we rely on theory related to how professionals manage risks and, as a result, how professions defend jurisdictional claims. We use this theoretical lens to help motivate four research questions that we probe by interviewing 27 prominent attorneys experienced in audit litigation. Consistent with our lens, our interview data indicate that attorneys manage their risks, including the risk of reputational loss, by settling based on their …

Rethinking Leisure Time Use Metrics: Greater Diversity In Shared Sibling Leisure Is Associated With Higher Relationship Quality During Emerging Adulthood, Eric K. Layland, Camilla Hodge, Mikala Glaza, Jerrica O. Peets

Faculty Publications

Leisure diversity—the total number of unique leisure categories shared within a sibling dyad—may vary according to sibling characteristics (e.g., sibling gender, age difference) and predict sibling relationship quality. Using triangulated lists, brief narratives, and focus groups, we constructed a taxonomy of shared sibling leisure in emerging adulthood and then calculated individual leisure diversity scores. The sample (N ¼ 185) included college-attending emerging adults with an average age of 20.1 years (35.7% female). Taxonomic analysis suggested 19 categories of shared sibling leisure. Analyses of variance indicated differences by dyadic gender composition in endorsement rates of select leisure categories and average levels …

Successful Moderation In Online Patient Communities: Inductive Case Study, Tanner Skousen, Hani Safadi, Colleen Young, Elena Karahanna, Sami Safadi, Fouad Chebib

Faculty Publications

Background: Online patient communities are becoming more prevalent as a resource to help patients take control of their health. However, online patient communities experience challenges that require active moderation.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the challenges of sustaining a thriving online patient community and the moderation practices employed to address the challenges and manage the online patient community successfully.

Methods: An inductive case study of Mayo Clinic Connect was analyzed using the grounded theory methodology. Insights for the analysis were obtained from semistructured interviews with community managers and community members. Secondary data sources, such as community management documents, observational …

Head Fakes, Offensive Schemes And Counter Plays: Why Motivation Matters, Dawan Coombs

Faculty Publications

Dominic’s Oregon Ducks hat caught my eye as I entered his classroom. Although Autzen Stadium was more than 800 miles away, the Ducks were on the cusp of college football greatness and this kid knew it. He looked like a football player and, as we talked, football topped the list of things he loved—followed by wrestling, long boarding, biking, and the outdoors. When I asked if there was anything he didn’t like, he chuckled and said, “Reading.” Dominic (student names are pseudonyms) proceeded to explain that he never finished books because it felt hard to focus and because he read …

Opioids: Implementation Of Opioid Prescribing Education And Policy In A Primary Care Center, Jaclin Dee Seeberg

Nursing

Many healthcare providers report not feeling confident when prescribing opioids, which represents an educational gap in the clinical setting that must be addressed to improve patient care and outcomes (Dowell, Haegerich, & Chou, 2016b). Healthcare providers attribute this lack of confidence in opioid prescribing to insufficient training on the tools provided to them to ensure safe prescribing habits. Thus, healthcare providers do not feel confident in managing patients’ chronic pain. A healthcare provider’s time spent with their patient is limited and therefore, needs to be utilized efficiently. In order to achieve effective time management, healthcare providers need to be experts …

Colorectal Cancer: Utilizing Educational Handouts, Endorsement Letters, And Questionnaires To Increase Screening And Identify Barriers And Facilitators At A Rural Clinic In Elgin, North Dakota, Joshua James Hadsell

Nursing

Introduction: Although colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men and women combined in the United States, only 61% of eligible adults are up-to-date with current screening recommendations. Effective screening is hindered by numerous barriers and underutilization of evidence-based interventions. The purpose of this clinical dissertation project was to increase CRC screening in the rural community of Elgin, North Dakota, determine the efficacy of providing targeted educational handouts and endorsement letters, and to identify screening barriers and facilitators. Methods: Educational handouts and screening endorsement letters were developed and distributed to 75 average risk patients (without …

Romantic Attachment Orientations, Financial Behaviors, And Life Outcomes Among Young Adults: A Mediating Analysis Of A College Cohort, Xiaomin Li, Melissa A. Curran, Ashley B. Lebaron

Faculty Publications

Guided by the Vulnerability-Adaption-Stress model (Karney and Bradbury 1995), we used data from 635 college-educated young adults to examine associations between romantic attachment orientations (i.e., attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance) and young adults’ life outcomes (i.e., financial satisfaction, life satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction; Aim 1). We also conducted a mediating model to examine indirect associations from romantic attachment orientations to life outcomes via young adult’s own financial behaviors and perceived partners’ financial behavior (i.e., each young adult’s perception of their partner’s financial behaviors; Aim 2). For Aim 1, high attachment anxiety and/or high attachment avoidance was associated with low life …

Religion As A Source Of Tolerance And Intolerance: Exploring The Dichotomy, Quinn Galbraith, Alexandra Carlisle, Ben White

Faculty Publications

Previous research on tolerance and intolerance in religion has focused on individuals’ internal religious commitment and their relationship within religious groups. In exploring religion’s ability to generate both tolerance and intolerance, this qualitative study draws on data from interviews with 220 highly religious individuals living in the United Kingdom and Ireland in 2016 in order to suggest how religious individuals see themselves interacting with tolerance and intolerance in their daily lives. Many of our subjects identified themselves as tolerant people while viewing others as intolerant of their religious beliefs. An analysis of our findings and prior research suggests that religious …

Does Inhibitory Control Training Reduce Weight And Caloric Intake In Adults With Overweight And Obesity? A Pre-Registered, Randomized Controlled Event-Related Potential (Erp) Study, Scott A. Baldwin, Alexandra M. Muir, Whitney D. Allen, Kaylie A. Carbine, James D. Lecheminant, Chad D. Jensen, C. Brock Kirwan, Michael J. Larson

Faculty Publications

A cognitive intervention that may reduce weight and caloric intake is inhibitory control training (ICT; having individuals repeatedly withhold dominant responses to unhealthy food images). We conducted a randomized controlled trial where 100 individuals with overweight or obesity were assigned to complete a generic (n = 48) or food-specific ICT (n = 52) training four times per week for four weeks. Weight and caloric intake were obtained at baseline, four-weeks, and 12-weeks. Participants also completed high-calorie and neutral go/no-go tasks while N2 event-related potential (ERP) data, a neural indicator of inhibitory control, was measured at all visits. Results …

Italian Adaptation Of The Group Questionnaire: Validity And Factorial Structure, Gary Burlingame, Francesca Giannone, Cinzia Guarnaccia, Salvatore Gullo, Maria Di Blasi, Cecilia Giordano, Gianluca Lo Coco

Faculty Publications

The Group Questionnaire (GQ) is a measure recently developed by Krogel et al. (2013) for the evaluation of the therapeutic relationship in group. The GQ identifies a three-factor model of the relationship that allows to measure quality (Positive Bonding, Positive Working and Negative Relationship) and structure (member-member, member-leader and member-group), dimensions in group. This work shows the results of a first study on the Italian validation of the GQ. In this study the GQ was administered to 536 subjects from 32 non-clinical groups of undergraduate students. The cross-cultural validity of the GQ in the Italian population has been examined by …

Climate Refuge: Thermal Comfort In Urban Micro Climates, Nathaniel Horvath

Landscape Architecture Theses

This study addresses two major issues by responding to the significant decline in retail buildings including enclosed shopping malls and improving density, livability and human comfort in communities welcoming climate refugees. Future designs will become more responsive when involving suburban and urban infill landscape to enhance user experiences through thermal comfort. Studies show that Earth’s temperatures are on the rise causing large populations to be displaced by rising sea levels and contributing to extreme weather patterns in the colder hemispheres. Specifically, in the Midwest United States, this means colder temperatures, more snow, and longer months of winter (Cohen 2018). Analyzing …

Words Matter: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of Msba / Masa Model School Discipline Policy, Tamara Uselman

Education

This dissertation in practice was a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of Model School Policy 506, Student Discipline (MSBA, 2019), as it relates to the school-to-prison pipeline across the nation as well as in Minnesota. Model Policy 506, co-authored by the Minnesota School Board Association and the Minnesota Association of School Administrators, is offered to school districts that subscribe to MSBA’s policy services. The homogeneity in school discipline policy across Minnesota provided an opportunity for this study. The purpose of this CDA was two-fold: to assess the discourses instantiated in Model School Policy 506, and to determine, through the figured world …

The Effect Of Relationship-Building Programs On The Resilience Of Women In Agriculture, Robert Bertsch

Education

The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between participation in relationship-building programs and online social groups, and the individual resilience of women in agriculture in the United States. Women have demonstrated a unique ability to connect farms and ranches with social resources, drive change and adaptation in agriculture, facilitate farm and ranch succession, and build community after a disaster. The capacity of agriculture and rural communities to adapt in the face of significant adversity depends on those unique abilities. Improving the resilience in women in agriculture is critical to the overall resilience of rural America. Unfortunately, most …

Perspectives On Adoption Of Research And Education Network Technologies: A Q Methodological Study, Kim Owen

Education

The critical need for access to network technology resources supporting advanced tools of academics and research is evident across disciplines and locations around the world. As research conducted by and in partnership with higher education institutions continues to increase in demand, it is incumbent on institutions to ensure the resources for this work are available as standard features for their faculty and students. The purpose of this study was to identify opinions of end users on the challenges to adoption of research and education (R&E) network resources at their local higher education institutions. The intent is to inform the R&E …

Children, But Not Great Apes, Respect Ownership, Patricia Kanngiesser, Federico Rossano, Ramona Frickel, Anne Tomm, Michael Tomasello

School of Psychology

Access to and control of resources is a major source of costly conflicts. Animals, under some conditions, respect what others control and use (i.e. possession). Humans not only respect possession of resources, they also respect ownership. Ownership can be viewed as a cooperative arrangement, where individuals inhibit their tendency to take others’ property on the condition that those others will do the same. We investigated to what degree great apes follow this principle, as compared to human children. We conducted two experiments, in which dyads of individuals could access the same food resources. The main test of respect for ownership …

Ambiguity In Psychology, J May

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

The Development And Validation Of A New Pre-Shot Routine Model For Golf, Paul Arthur Christianson

Education

The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of the past research that has been conducted to date on pre-shot routines in golf via a thorough review of the literature. A historical review is presented in a chronological order of research studies that have been conducted pertaining to pre-shot routines in golf over the last 40 years. From this review, the STOP S.L.O.W. GO Pre-Shot Routine Model for Golf was developed and assessed amongst college golf coaches in the United States. A total of 36 college golf coaches working at the NCAA Division I level participated in …

Predictors Of Employee Engagement In Institutions Of Higher Education, Jessica Marie O'Day

Education

This study investigated predictors of employee engagement at a large public research university. Generally speaking, the typical employee is disengaged at work (Adkins, 2015), and previous research has identified burnout as a contributor to employee disengagement (Maslach et al., 2001). Full-time staff employees volunteered to participate in a four-part survey regarding their levels of employee engagement, burnout, anxiety, and physical activity. Burnout was found to be the most significant predictor of employee engagement or disengagement, however, the results of all four surveys used in the study further exposed the complicated nature of successful employee engagement strategy.

Exploring The Relationship Between Dual Credit Experience And Self-Efficacy: The Perspective Of First-Generation College Students, Laura Marie Kiemele

Education

Dual credit options allow high school students to enter college with college credits earned, as well as gain lived experience of the role expectations, academic rigor, and time it takes to complete college-level work. While past studies have identified benefits of dual credit for first-generation college students in particular, few have investigated the nature of that relationship. This qualitative study examined the relationship between first-generation students’ dual credit experiences and academic self-efficacy. Interviews were conducted with three first-generation college students in fall 2019. Findings indicate first-generation students who engage in a rigorous dual credit experience that results in mastery experience …

Exploring Potential Relationships Of Mindset And Scarcity In The Inequitable Experience And Outcomes Of First Generation And Low Income Students In Higher Education, Michelle Noel Pearson

Education

First generation and low income college students continue to experience outcome differences despite higher education’s efforts to reduce inequality. Despite abundant research exploring intelligence mindset, there have been few attempts to explore relationships between mindset and scarcity. To reduce this gap in knowledge, and support student success, this study explored relationships between scarcity and beliefs about intelligence – including the intelligence mindset of students and the failure mindset of parents – as well as the connection between scarcity and student demographics. Survey research design was used, and participants were gathered using a census of undergraduate students of a Midwest university …

Examining The Relationship Between Elementary School Teachers' Multicultural Attitudes And Self-Efficacy For Teaching English Language Learners, Daisy Mae Figueroa

Education

An increase in English Language Learners (ELLs) in public schools across the nation is forcing stakeholders to reexamine how teachers are being prepared to effectively teach culturally and linguistically diverse students. It is unclear to what extent inservice teachers feel prepared to work with ELLs and what factors impact their feelings of preparedness. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between teachers’ self-efficacy for teaching ELLs, general teaching self-efficacy, and multicultural attitudes. The study also explored whether teachers’ self-efficacy for teaching ELLs could be explained by variables that include years of teaching experience, highest degree earned, perception …

Validating The Mindset Scale For Use With International Students Attending College In The United States, Steve Edward Winfrey

Education

Institutions of higher education continue to try and find new ways to help students persist in college (Kinzie & Kuh, 2017). One compelling tool to help students succeed comes from Dweck’s (1999) Mindset model. The model depicts intelligence as either fixed or growth; meaning intelligence can be viewed as unchangeable or malleable. Students with a growth mindset recover from failure quicker, overcome challenges faster, and see difficulty as a positive challenge instead of questioning their intelligence. With the many challenges domestic students face persisting in college, international students studying abroad face additional factors inhibiting their motivation and ability to succeed. …

Detection Of Insider Threats Using Artificial Intelligence And Visualisation, Vasileios Koutsouvelis, Stavros Shiaeles, Bogdan Ghita, Gueltoum Bendiab

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Searching For Meaning In Sound: Learning And Interpreting Alarm Signals In Visual Environments., S Mcdougall, J Edworthy, D Sinimeri, J Goodliffe, D Bradley, J Foster

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

Positive Intergroup Contact Modulates Fusiform Gyrus Activity To Black And White Faces, H. Farmer, M. Hewstone, O. Spiegler, H. Morse, A. Saifullah, X. Pan, B. Fell, J. Charlesford, S. Terbeck

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

Enhancing Creativity By Training Metacognitive Skills In Mental Imagery, Jon May, Emma Redding, Sarah Whatley, Klara Łucznik, Lucie Clements, Rebecca Weber, John Sikorski, Sara Reed

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.