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Wrinkling Patterns On Curved Surface With Gradient Curvature Under Compression, Xiaoxiao Zhang

Dissertations - ALL

This work focuses on understanding the wrinkling patterns on a curved surface, i.e., tori and cones, with varying curvatures and global deformation. By tuning the geometry confine-ment and material properties, we can control the surface morphologies in these systems which can potentially be applied to wide applications in bio-inspired devices, microfluidic, and optical.

First, we investigate the wrinkles on a tri-layer torus consisting of an expanding thin outer layer, an intermediate soft layer, and an inner core with a tunable shear modulus. This study is inspired by pattern formations and evolutions in developmental biology, such as follicle pattern formation during …

Ypfs Lessons Learned Oral History Project: An Interview With Eric Kolchinsky, Eric Kolchinsky, Steven H. Kasoff, Matthew Lieber

Documents

Suggested Citation Form: Kolchinsky, Eric, 2020. “Lessons Learned Interview."Interview by Steve Kasoff and Matt Lieber. Yale Program on Financial Stability Lessons Learned Oral History Project. December 22, 2020. Transcript. https://ypfs.som.yale.edu/library/ypfs-lesson-learned-oral-history-project-interview-eric-kolchinsky

High-Resolution Sampling Of A Broad Marine Life Size Spectrum Reveals Differing Size- And Composition-Based Associations With Physical Oceanographic Structure, Adam T. Greer, John C. Lehrter, Benjamin M. Binder, Aditya R. Nayak, Ranjoy Barua, Ana E. Rice, Jonathan H. Cohen, Malcolm N. Mcfarland, Alexis Hagemeyer, Nicole D. Stockley, Kevin M. Boswell, Igor Shulman, Sergio Derada, Bradley Penta

Faculty Publications

Observing multiple size classes of organisms, along with oceanographic properties and water mass origins, can improve our understanding of the drivers of aggregations, yet acquiring these measurements remains a fundamental challenge in biological oceanography. By deploying multiple biological sampling systems, from conventional bottle and net sampling to in situ imaging and acoustics, we describe the spatial patterns of different size classes of marine organisms (several microns to ∼10 cm) in relation to local and regional (m to km) physical oceanographic conditions on the Delaware continental shelf. The imaging and acoustic systems deployed included (in ascending order of target organism size) …

The Er Stress/Upr Axis In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease And Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis., Mahmoud Aghaei, Sanaz Dastghaib, Sajjad Aftabi, Mohamad-Reza Aghanoori, Javad Alizadeh, Pooneh Mokarram, Parvaneh Mehrbod, Milad Ashrafizadeh, Ali Zarrabi, Kielan Darcy Mcalinden, Mathew Suji Eapen, Sukhwinder Singh Sohal, Pawan Sharma, Amir A Zeki, Saeid Ghavami

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

Cellular protein homeostasis in the lungs is constantly disrupted by recurrent exposure to various external and internal stressors, which may cause considerable protein secretion pressure on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), resulting in the survival and differentiation of these cell types to meet the increased functional demands. Cells are able to induce a highly conserved adaptive mechanism, known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), to manage such stresses. UPR dysregulation and ER stress are involved in numerous human illnesses, such as metabolic syndrome, fibrotic diseases, and neurodegeneration, and cancer. Therefore, effective and specific compounds targeting the UPR pathway are being considered …

Recent Aerodynamic Performance Evaluation Of Commercial And Non-Commercial Vehicles, Shreyash Saxena, G. T. Mahesha, G. Srinivas

Open Access archive

The effect of aerodynamics of commercial and non-commercial are analyzed in this study and after analyzing it is founded that many researchers have not attempted much on the comparative study on two different types of commercial and non-commercial vehicle having a same turbulence model. Secondly, there is lack of numerical three dimensional aerodynamic flow analysis in the case of both commercial and non-commercial vehicles. Hence, there is requirement for numerically analyzing two commercial and non-commercial vehicles having the same turbulence model to better understand the aerodynamics of both commercial and non-commercial vehicles.

Voltage Controlled-Electrooptic Directional Coupler With Parallel Electrodes., A. Zaghloul

Mansoura Engineering Journal

An algorithm is presented to find the effect of controller voltage, orientation of the crystallographic axes (Z-cut and X-cut) and types of the two cores electrooptic materials on both coupling coefficient © and power transferred between two adjacent rectangular electrooptic waveguides coupling coefficient is calculated by mixing effective index method (EIM) with coupled mode theory (CMT). The electrooptic material is treated as isotropic material with very thin metal electrodes. The applied voltage induces a change of refractive index of waveguides cores and so, there are changes of both the coupling coefficient and the difference between propagation constant of the two …

Heat And Mass Transfer From Moist Air Flowing Over Moving Water Film Ii- Experimental Study., Mohamed Saafan

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Heat and mass transfer from or to a horizontal moving water film to airflow flowing over the film inside a rectangular duct wind tunnel is investigated, experimentally. To perform the experimental study for this phenomenon air flows inside a rectangular duct over a moving water film flow inside the duct, which is fixed in the floor of the tunnel. Therefore, some of the water film is evaporated from the water surface to the air flowing over it. The following measurements for velocity of moist air and water, temperature, humidity, are taken at five positions along test section and upstream of …

Application Of Wavelet Transform To Endurance Time Analysis Method For Performance-Based Seismic Design, Mohammadhossein Mamaghani

Dissertations - ALL

Earthquakes occur quite frequently around the world, but the number of reliable recorded ground motion data for a given site is often limited. In addition, the use of present methodologies to modify existing earthquake records to match site conditions could change the relationship between the recorded earthquake characteristics and their actual physical attributes. The result is that these modified earthquakes could have qualities not quite the same as those of the real earthquakes. Instead of using scaling and spectral matching of real earthquakes, artificial earthquakes capable of mimicking both the physical conditions and qualities of real earthquakes should be generated …

Professional Development In Context: Investigating In-Service Development Programs For Syrian Teachers Of English As A Foreign Language During Times Of Military Conflict, Fadi Al-Issa

Dissertations - ALL

The purpose of this study is to research how teaching practices and in-service professional development of English language teachers’ in Syria have been affected during times of military conflict: what impact English language teachers in Syria perceive the professional development programs they are required to attend have on their teaching and the learning environments they provide for their students, and how this perceived impact relates to the country’s current military conflict; and to explore the ways that teachers can be assisted to enhance their in-service professional development in a country experiencing a military conflict. Thus, by probing these two issues, …

Exploring Media Preference And Trust By Millennial Investors., Chedza Mmolawa

Theses - ALL

The purpose of this study is to establish which media millennial investors and potential investors prefer and trust to make investment decisions. The Uses and Gratification Theory (UGT) will be used to understand why millennials prefer the media they chose to receive investment and financial information, and how it gives them the satisfaction they seek. The study also evaluates how Investor Relations (IR) practitioners can hone the relationship they have with millennial investors and potential investors by using their preferred media to impact their decision-making process. This study will use both qualitative and quantitative research. An online survey will be …

Does Age Of Second-Language Acquisition Improve Intellectual Processing Abilities?, Sanum Shafi

Theses - ALL

Past research on bilingual education indicates that the onset-age of second language learning is negatively associated with both second language proficiency and the cognitive benefits of being bilingual. However, there is inconsistency in the bilingual education field as to whether bilingual speakers benefit from enhanced intellectual processing abilities compared to monolingual speakers. The critical period hypothesis states that during childhood development a certain window of time exists in which second language acquisition skills are strongest. This hypothesis provides the theoretical foundation for my research study. In the current study, I synthesize evidence on the associations between onset-age of second language …

The Compressive And Flexural Strength Of Concrete Containing Recycled Waste Plastic, Isaiah Akinkunmi

Master of Science in Civil Engineering Theses

Annually, tons of plastic wastes end up in landfills and the oceans through indiscriminate dumping, constituting a major source of pollution to the environment and threat to human health and marine lives. It therefore necessitates an innovative strategy to help mitigate the environmental hazards caused by this pollution. A feasible eco-friendly strategy is by using granulated plastics, fibers or regrinds in concreting. This research explored the feasibility of this strategy by testing the compressive and flexural strengths of hardened concrete specimens containing varying percent of plastic aggregates used as partial replacement for fine aggregates. The compressive strength of specimens of …

Providing Clean Energy Solutions To India’S Bottom Of The Pyramid Population, Jill Howard, Fiona Wilson, E. Hachemi Aliouche

Carsey Publications

Despite a scheme launched by the Indian government in 2017 that has declared achieving close to 100 percent electrification in the country, studies have shown that only 65 percent of rural enterprises in India report having electricity grid connection. While millions of households have been positively impacted by access to electricity, small businesses and smallholder farmers (those with holdings of less than 2 acres) in rural India have been left out of the equation or receive very unreliable power supply. Byproducts of the energy poverty experienced by India’s Bottom of the Pyramid population include an enormous carbon footprint produced by …

Feasibility Study Of A Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems Threshold-Pressure Sensor Based On Parametric Resonance: Experimental And Theoretical Investigations, Mark Pallay, Meysam Daeichin, Shahrzad Towfighian

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Scholarship

A tunable threshold pressure sensor based on parametric resonance of a microbeam subjected to electrostatic levitation is proposed. Parametric excitation can trigger a large amplitude vibration at twice the natural frequency if the magnitude of the driving force is large enough to overcome energy loss mechanisms in the system such as squeeze film damping. This causes a temporarily unstable response with a significant gain in oscillation amplitude over time until it is eventually capped by nonlinearities in the force or material or geometric properties. The instability divides the frequency region into two regions: distinct responses bounded by the system non-linearity, …

What A Difference A Decade Makes. The Evolving Gender Gap In Students’ Goal Endorsement And Stem Career Choice, Chen Chen, Gerhard Sonnert, Philip M. Sadler

Journal of Sustainable Social Impact

Two national datasets of first-year college students, collected a decade apart, asking the same questions about career interests and life goal endorsement, allowed us to investigate the extent to which the life goals and career interests had converged among young men and women. We compared the gender differences in four types of goal endorsement (communal, material, intellectual, and free-time goals) by career interest groups (science, engineering, medicine, health, and other professions) between the two cohorts (2007 vs. 2017). Conversely, we compared the gender differences in career interests by goal endorsement between the two cohorts. Our specific focus was on science, …

The Good Italian, The Bad German, And The Survivor: Narratives And Counter-Narratives Of The Shoah In Italy, John Barruzza

Dissertations - ALL

The study herein explores the history and memory of the Shoah in Italy through the eyes, primarily, of survivors themselves. Pairing witness testimonies (memoirs and oral interviews) with government records, I show how Italy’s Jewish survivors, for many decades after World War II and the Shoah, continued to invoke the national myths of the ‘good Italian’ and the ‘bad German’ in their recollections, despite their frequent persecution at Italian hands. This tendency, I argue, stems from their past experiences of acceptance and integration in Italy after national unification and emancipation, experiences which extended to foreign Jews residing in Italy, as …

Modeling And Simulation Of Morphological Instabilities In Thin Elastic Solids, Junbo Chen

Dissertations - ALL

The study of morphological instabilities in thin solids, such as buckling of thin shells and wrinkling of thin sheets, is of growing interest to a number of academic disciplines including en-gineering, physics, biology, and many others. For example, buckling has traditionally been re-garded as an unfavorable phenomenon in engineering design, but emerging technologies con-sider such behavior as an opportunity for novel functionality. The formation of wrinkle patterns on thin sheets has also emerged rapidly as canonical problems to investigate pattern formation in the physics community. The nonlinearities of the post-buckling behaviors encountered in these problems make theoretical analysis a challenging …

Spectroscopic Study Of Ices With Astrophysical Interest, Shahnewaz M. Emtiaz

Dissertations - ALL

In this thesis, I investigate the physical and chemical processes of simulated cosmic dust grainsand planetary surface analogues in laboratory experiments performed at the Syracuse University Astrophysics and Surface Science Laboratory. I have studied the mid-infrared (Mid-IR) bands of thin films of pure CH4 ices and of CH4 ices mixed with N2 and H2O in order to characterize the thermal evolution of ices in confined geometry and to improve the understanding of observations of ices present in interstellar space and in outer solar system bodies. Furthermore, I studied the self-diffusion of CO2 isotopes in different thin-film arrangements. Mid-IR laboratory data …

Cardiac Organoid Technology And Computational Processing Of Cardiac Physiology For Advanced Drug Screening Applications, Plansky Hoang

Dissertations - ALL

Stem cell technology has gained considerable recognition since its inception to advance disease modeling and drug screening. This is especially true for tissues that are difficult to study due to tissue sensitivity and limited regenerative capacity, such as the heart. Previous work in stem cell-derived cardiac tissue has exploited how we can engineer biologically functional heart tissue by providing the appropriate external stimuli to facilitate tissue development. The goal of this dissertation is to explore the potentials of stem cell cardiac organoid models to recapitulate heart development and implement analytical computational tools to study cardiac physiology. These new tools were …

Amplifier Architectures For Wireless Communication Systems, Mehmet Kok

Dissertations - ALL

Ever-increasing demand in modern wireless communication systems leads researchers to focus on design challenges on one of the main components of RF transmitters and receivers, namely amplifiers. On the transmitter side, enhanced efficiency and broader bandwidth over single and multiple bands on power amplifiers will help to have superior performance in communication systems. On the other hand, for the receiver side, having low noise and high gain will be necessary to ensure good quality transmission over such systems. In light of these considerations, a unique approach in design methodologies are studied with low noise amplifiers (LNAs) for RF receivers and …

Characterization Of Crystalline Pigments With Low-Frequency Vibrational Spectroscopy And Solid-State Density Functional Theory, Elyse M. Kleist

Dissertations - ALL

Although historical pigments are seldom found in the modern artist’s palette, their characterization is a critical aspect of designing effective conservation and restoration protocols, establishing provenance, and detecting forgeries. Ideal characterization methods are nondestructive, noninvasive, and able to distinguish between pure and mixed pigment samples. Spectroscopic techniques are commonly used to identify pigment composition because of their non-ionizing nature, rapid acquisition times, and safety. Unfortunately, the majority of these methods have difficulty distinguishing between pigments with similar chemical and physical properties. Recent advancements in instrument technology have increased the broader availability of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and low-frequency Raman spectroscopy …

Analysis And Behavior Of Segmented Energy Absorbing Steel Plate Shear Walls (Sea-Spsws), Nafiseh Shahbazi Majd

Dissertations - ALL

Conventional steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) are often designed to behave elastically under normal lateral load condition. However, they are expected to yield and absorb energy through inelastic hysteresis under extreme load condition. Depending on the width-to-thickness ratio and boundary conditions of these walls, SPSWs may also experience inelastic out-of-plane buckling. Therefore, maintaining structural integrity and preventing building collapse are dependent upon their post-buckling behavior. In this study, a new type of SPSW referred to as the Segmented Energy Absorbing Steel Plate Shear Wall (SEA-SPSW) is proposed and its behavior is investigated.The proposed steel plate shear wall is segmented into …

Message From The President, Georgia Southern University

Messages from the President

• Message from the President

Effect Of Temperature On Early‐Age Properties Of Self‐Consolidating Concrete Equivalent Mortar, Nima Farzadnia, Jing Pan, Kamal Khayat, Eric Wirquin

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this study, the effect of ambient temperature during casting on fresh properties, hydration kinetics, and early‐age compressive strength of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) was evaluated. Concrete equivalent mortars (CEMs) with water‐to‐binder ratios of 0.41 and 0.45 were cast based on SCC mixture designs for building and infrastructure construction and precast applications. The CEMs were prepared at temperatures ranging from 8 to 36°C. Superplasticizer (SP) and air‐entraining agent (AEA) demand were evaluated for the CEM mixtures made with different supplementary cementing material (SCM) and limestone filler types. Test results showed that the ambient temperature can significantly affect the SP and AEA …

Why Do Greater Forest Tenure Rights Not Enthuse Local Communities? An Early Observation On The New Community Forestry Scheme In State Forests In Indonesia, Arsad Ragandhi, Agus Heruanto Hadna, Setiadi Setiadi, Ahmad Maryudi

Forest and Society

The Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry recently issued a 35-year permit-based social forestry, called Izin Pemanfaatan Hutan Perhutanan Sosial (IPHPS), which was implemented in forestlands managed by the State Forest Corporation (SFC). IPHPS is a unique scheme because social forestry permits were previously granted on forestland unencumbered with rights. It provides more secure tenure rights (long-term permits), greater decision-making authority, and improved profit-sharing arrangements compared with the SFC’s co-management model. However, IPHPS has not attracted widespread interest from local communities. This paper aims to identify and to analyse factors that explain local communities’ low interest in the policy. Results …

Characteristics Of The Tapanuli Orangutan Habitat In The Conflict Area Of Batang Toru Landscape, North Sumatra, Indonesia, Wanda Kuswanda, R. Hamdani Harahap, Hadi S. Alikodra, Robert Sibarani

Forest and Society

Forest fragmentation has resulted in decreased wildlife habitat, which has triggered conflicts with humans due to the use of the same plants. This has been particularly contentious with the tapanuli orangutan. Research of the tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) habitat is very limited. The aims of this research is to examine the latest habitat conditions, such as land cover, composition of vegetation, feed plant, and habitat carrying capacity to provide recommendations for habitat management in developing a mitigation policy of the human-tapanuli orangutan conflict. The research location is focused on the area of human-orangutan conflict in the Batang Toru …

Road Development And Indigenous Hunting In Tanah Papua: Connecting The Facts For Future Wildlife Conservation Agendas, Freddy Pattiselanno, Andrew Krockenberger

Forest and Society

Road development is increasing worldwide. Generally, examples of road building in tropical countries demonstrate that road access can assist the fight against rural poverty, but such developments are also linked to deforestation, pollution, invasions of exotic species, and environmental degradation. For Papua and West Papua provinces (Tanah Papua) in Indonesia, the development of the provincial road network is intended to improve the rural economy, aiming to alleviate poverty within isolated rural areas. However, road development can pose particularly challenging problems to rural and Indigenous communities. Poorly planned roads can be devastating when they provide easy access to illegal hunting that …

Soil Seed Banks Of Tree Species From Natural Forests, Restoration Sites, And Abandoned Areas In Chiang Mai, Thailand, Patsavipich Rungrojtrakool, Pimonrat Tiansawat, Arunothai Jampeetong, Dia Panitnard Shannon, Sutthathorn Chairuangsri

Forest and Society

Soil seed banks have been used for investigation of natural regeneration of forests. In this study, we compared seed density and species composition of soil seed banks of trees among natural forests, restored forests of different ages, and abandoned agricultural land. The soil seed banks were collected from a natural forest (NF), 12-year-old and 17-year-old restoration sites (RF12y and RF17y), and 17-year-old abandoned site (AA) at Ban Mae Sa Mai, Chiang Mai, Thailand. A seedling emergence technique was used to assess seed density and species of emerged seedlings was identified. We found 5-8 tree species at each site. Seed densities …

Contribution Of Agroforestry Systems To Farmer Income In State Forest Areas: A Case Study Of Parungpanjang, Indonesia, Desmiwati Desmiwati, Thomas Oni Veriasa, Aam Aminah, Anggi Dian Safitri, Tri Astuti Wisudayati, Kresno Agus Hendarto, Hasan Royani, Kurniawati Hastuti Dewi, Sandy Nur Ikfal Raharjo, Dian Ratna Sari

Forest and Society

Agroforestry activities in Forest Areas with Special Purpose (FASP) have been implemented since 2000 in Parungpanjang, West Java, which was subsequently reinforced by the Decree of the Minister of Environment and Forestry concerning the Recognition and Protection of Forest Partnerships (Kulin KK) for the Harapan Sejahtera and Guna Bakti Forest Farmer Groups in 2019. This study investigates the contribution of agroforestry systems to farmer income using a household survey in the Parungpanjang Research Forest. The study aims to analyze: 1) the contribution of agroforestry to farmer income from a household structured income analysis; 2) factors of agroforestry that influence total …

Solar Photovoltaic Performance Monitoring: A Bibliometric Review, Research Gaps And Opportunities, Javed Sayyad, Paresh Nasikkar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Electrical power generation has been revolutionized by growing demand and use of Renewable Energy (RE) sources such as Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) as the main electricity source in modern times. The main objective of this bibliometric analysis is to understand the scope of the literature available for SPV performance characterization. This detailed reviewed was performed on the documents related to SPV research considering all the subject categories from Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. The patterns for the particular set of keywords were broke down with the recuperated outcomes from Scopus database in the language, publication type, year of publication, …