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2020

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Current Status Of Bioanalysis Of Etoposide And Related Compounds, K.-H. Lee, H.-K. Wang Jul 2020

Current Status Of Bioanalysis Of Etoposide And Related Compounds, K.-H. Lee, H.-K. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Etoposide (VP16 or VP16-213) which was approved by the United States FDA for testicular cancer in 1983, is one of the most effective anticancer agents in the treatment of testicular teratoma, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, small-cell lung cancer, and a variety of other malignancies. Development of bioanalytical methods for VP16 and its metabolites is critical for pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies as well as for mechanisms of action studies. In this review, the current status of the bioanalysis of VP16 and its metabolites are discussed. Recent progress in mechanism of action and metabolism studies is also presented. A number of HPLC …

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New Vaccine Technologies, Adjuvants And Delivery System, C.J. Lee, M. Koizumi, T. Kosaka Jul 2020

New Vaccine Technologies, Adjuvants And Delivery System, C.J. Lee, M. Koizumi, T. Kosaka

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Immunization represents the most cost-effective means to achieve the prevention of infectious diseases. Vaccines successfully protected humans from serious infections resulting in worldwide eradication of smallpox and regional elimination of poliomyelitis. New technologies continue to provide many effective biological products for disease control. Various techniques including recombinant DNA approaches, peptide synthesis chemistry, and immunomodulation have been applied to the development of new vaccines and improvement of existing vaccines. These technologies have constructed avirulent and attenuated strains to be used as live vaccines, as well as provided more effective manufacturing methods to produce protein antigens. bacterial polysaccharides (PS) and PS-protein conjugate …

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Immunity And Control Analysis Of H. Influenzae Type B Polysaccharide-Protein Conjugate Vaccine, Chi-Jen Lee Jul 2020

Immunity And Control Analysis Of H. Influenzae Type B Polysaccharide-Protein Conjugate Vaccine, Chi-Jen Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Haemophilus influenzae type b (HIb) is the widest known cause of bacterial meningitis and a leading cause of bacterial diseases in the United States and many areas of the world. It causes epiglotitis, pneumonia, septic arthritis, osteomylitis and penricarditis. Many sunvivors of meningitis experience in permanent mild hearing loss and mental retardation. The capsular polysaccharide of polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) is a major virulence facor of the organism. Antibody to PRP is the primary contributor to induce serum bactericidal activity. Three types of HIb-protein conjugate vaccines were prepared by different methods, using a different protein carrier, PS size, nature of linkage, …

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Dna Barcoding Of Fish Eggs Collected Aboard R/V Weatherbird Ii Cruise Wb1731 Across The Florida Straits And Off Of Northwestern Cuba From 2017-05-13 To 2017-05-25, Makenzie Kerr, Mya Breitbart, Steven Murawski, Ernst B. Peebles, Maickel Armenteros, Jeremy Browning, Eva-Maria Bønnelycke, Chuanmin Hu, Yingjun Zhang Jul 2020

Dna Barcoding Of Fish Eggs Collected Aboard R/V Weatherbird Ii Cruise Wb1731 Across The Florida Straits And Off Of Northwestern Cuba From 2017-05-13 To 2017-05-25, Makenzie Kerr, Mya Breitbart, Steven Murawski, Ernst B. Peebles, Maickel Armenteros, Jeremy Browning, Eva-Maria Bønnelycke, Chuanmin Hu, Yingjun Zhang

C-IMAGE data

This dataset contains DNA barcoding results of fish eggs collected along the northwestern coast of Cuba and across the Florida Straits from 2017-05-13 to 2017-05-25 using bongo plankton nets. The dataset also includes cruise data from twenty-three different stations collected during R/V Weatherbird II cruise WB1731. Individual eggs were DNA barcoded to identify species of fish spawning in the area. This dataset supports the publication: Kerr, M., Browning, J., Bønnelycke, E.M., Zhang, Y., Hu, C., Armenteros, M., Murawski, S., Peebles, E. and Breitbart, M. (2020). DNA barcoding of fish eggs collected off northwestern Cuba and across the Florida Straits demonstrates …

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Identification Of A Tadalafil Analogue Adulterated In A Dietary Supplement, M.-C. Lin, Y.-C. Liu, Y.-L. Lin, J.-H. Lin Jul 2020

Identification Of A Tadalafil Analogue Adulterated In A Dietary Supplement, M.-C. Lin, Y.-C. Liu, Y.-L. Lin, J.-H. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A dietary supplement which was claimed on the treatment of male erectile dysfunction was firstly screened by TLC, and two suspected spots showed on the TLC plate under the detection of UV 254 nm. One of the spot (1) was determined as tadalafil by direct comparison of its TLC, UV, and LC/MS/MS data with the reference standard of tadalafil. The other suspected spot was identified by extraction, separation and purification from the sample to get a yellowish powder (compound 2). The structure of compound 2 with an amino group instead of the N2-methyl group in the piperazinedione ring of tadalafil …

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Comparative Antioxidant Properties Of Water Extracts From Different Parts Of Beefsteak Plant (Perilla Frutescens), H.-J. Chou, J.-T. Kuo, E.-S. Lin Jul 2020

Comparative Antioxidant Properties Of Water Extracts From Different Parts Of Beefsteak Plant (Perilla Frutescens), H.-J. Chou, J.-T. Kuo, E.-S. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Water extracts from beefsteak plant stems (BS), leaves (BL), and ripe seeds (BR) were examined for their antioxidant activities and phenolic compounds. Based on superoxide anion radicals scavenging activity, the BS extract (61.8%) is the most effective one followed by BL and BR extract (60.8% and 33.3%, respectively). The antioxidant activity determined by the 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method revealed that the BS extract had the highest activity on DPPH free radicals (54.8%). In addition, the extracts of BS, BL and BR were effective in reducing capacity and chelating effect on ferrous ions in comparison with the control. Total phenolic compound …

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Development And Validation Of Spectrophotometric Methods For The Sensitive And Selective Determination Of Lamotrigine In Pharmaceuticals Using Bromocresol Purple, K.B. Vinay, H.D. Revanasiddappa, N. Rajendraprasad Jul 2020

Development And Validation Of Spectrophotometric Methods For The Sensitive And Selective Determination Of Lamotrigine In Pharmaceuticals Using Bromocresol Purple, K.B. Vinay, H.D. Revanasiddappa, N. Rajendraprasad

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Three simple, selective and sensitive methods have been developed and validated for the determination of lamotrigine (LMT) in pure drug and in tablets. The first method (method A) is based on the formation of ion-pair complex between LMT and the dye, bromocresol purple (BCP) at pH 2.40±0.01 which was extracted into dichloromethane (DCM) and the absorbance of yellow ion-pair complex was measured at 410 nm. In the second and third methods (method B and method C), the drug-dye ion-pair was dissolved either in ethanol and the resulting acid form of the dye was measured at 410 nm or in ethanolic …

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Differentiation Of Medicinal Dendrobium Species (Orchidaceae) Using Molecular Markers And Scanning Electron Microscopy, S.-J. Wu, Y.-S. Liu, T.-W. Chen, C.-C. Ng, W.-S. Tzeng, Y.-T. Shyu Jul 2020

Differentiation Of Medicinal Dendrobium Species (Orchidaceae) Using Molecular Markers And Scanning Electron Microscopy, S.-J. Wu, Y.-S. Liu, T.-W. Chen, C.-C. Ng, W.-S. Tzeng, Y.-T. Shyu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Dendrobium species have long been used as functional food supplements and herbal medicines in Asia. However, inappropriate usage of the Dendrobium species variants is rampant because of the considerable differences in the cost of the variants. Furthermore, the similar appearance of the dried plants of the Dendrobium species makes it difficult to discriminate among the individual members. In this study, simple and sensitive methods based on molecular and morphological studies were developed to verify authenticity of the Dendrobium species used in the preparation of medicines, particularly that of the most expensive variety, D. huoshanense. Molecular and anatomical differences among the …

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Determination Of Ochratoxin A In Turkish Wines, G. Altiokka, N.O. Can, Z. Atkoşar, H.Y. Aboul-Enein Jul 2020

Determination Of Ochratoxin A In Turkish Wines, G. Altiokka, N.O. Can, Z. Atkoşar, H.Y. Aboul-Enein

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A validated, simple and highly sensitive analytical method was described for the determination of Ochratoxin A (OTA) in various wines produced in Turkey. OTA concentrations of 25 wine samples were examined using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection. OTA and diflunisal (internal standard) were separated using isocratic elution mode with a reversed phase Nucleosil® C18 column. The mobile phase consisted of CH3CN : H2O : CH3COOH (50 : 48 : 2, v/v/v) was pumped at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The analytes were detected at 330 nm excitation and 450 nm emission wavelengths within an average time …

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Kinetic Spectrophotometric Analysis Of Naftidrofuryl Oxalate And Vincamine In Pharmaceutical Preparations Using Alkaline Potassium Permanganate, T.S. Belal, M.H. Barary, S.M. Sabry, M.E.A.-L. Ibrahim Jul 2020

Kinetic Spectrophotometric Analysis Of Naftidrofuryl Oxalate And Vincamine In Pharmaceutical Preparations Using Alkaline Potassium Permanganate, T.S. Belal, M.H. Barary, S.M. Sabry, M.E.A.-L. Ibrahim

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple, rapid and sensitive kinetic spectrophotometric method is described for the analysis of naftidrofuryl oxalate (NF) and vincamine (VN) in pure form and in their pharmaceutical preparations. The procedure was based on the kinetic investigation of the oxidation of the studied drugs with alkaline potassium permanganate and the absorbance of the produced manganate species was measured at 610 nm. Variables affecting the color development were investigated and the conditions were optimized. The concentration of the studied drugs was calculated using the regression equations for the fixed-time method. The determination of the two drugs by fixed absorbance and rate constant …

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Comparative Proteomics On Resting And Activated Human Basophilic Leukemic Ku812 Upon Stimulation With Pma Plus A23187, T.-Y. Chen, Y.-H. Lu, J.-Y. Li, C.-J. Chen, W.-H. Hsu, H.-Y. Lin, D.-F. Hwang, S.-T. Chen Jul 2020

Comparative Proteomics On Resting And Activated Human Basophilic Leukemic Ku812 Upon Stimulation With Pma Plus A23187, T.-Y. Chen, Y.-H. Lu, J.-Y. Li, C.-J. Chen, W.-H. Hsu, H.-Y. Lin, D.-F. Hwang, S.-T. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Basophil activation has been implicated in allergy reaction and immune modulation. Signaling transduction, mediator release and morphology change of basophils have been largely deciphered. This study examined the feasibility of using proteomic strategy to investigate the whole cell proteomic changes in KU812 basophils following activation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) plus ionophore (A23187). The two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D) coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-quadrupole/time-of-flight (MALDI-Q-TOF) was selected for studying comparative proteome differences; and cytokine mRNA expressions were monitored. The differentially displayed proteins were further validated by 1D- and 2D-Western blotting for protein expressions. IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 mRNAs in KU812 were significantly …

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Determination Of Antioxidative Properties Of Morinda Citrifolia Using Near Supercritical Fluid Extraction, C.-H. Chen, T.-P. Lin, Y.-L. Chung, C.-K. Lee, D.-B. Yeh, S.-Y. Chen Jul 2020

Determination Of Antioxidative Properties Of Morinda Citrifolia Using Near Supercritical Fluid Extraction, C.-H. Chen, T.-P. Lin, Y.-L. Chung, C.-K. Lee, D.-B. Yeh, S.-Y. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Limited knowledge is available regarding the hydrophobic antioxidants present in the Morinda citrifolia L (Noni). Moreover, supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SF-CO2) extraction technique is well known with many superior extraction properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidative properties of crude extracts from the leaves, green and brown stems, and fruit of Noni plant obtained by near SF-CO2 extraction. Extracts from brown stems by near SF-CO2 extraction under high pressure and low temperature conditions afforded the highest total phenolic content (23.14 ± 1.83 mg/g) and the best reducing power (59.82 ± 6.28 ascorbic acid equivalents mg/g). It …

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Determination Of Cotinine In Human Urine By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, Y.-H. Wen, P.-S. Yang, S.-S. Wu Jul 2020

Determination Of Cotinine In Human Urine By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, Y.-H. Wen, P.-S. Yang, S.-S. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A reversed-phase liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection is described for the determination of cotinine. A mobile phase consisted of an acetate buffer with sodium octanesulfonate as an ion pair reagent and methanol was used to resolve cotinine from theobromine, theophylline, arecoline and nicotine. Using an octadecyl-type column, a good separation was achieved in 12 min. The wavelength of UV detector was set at 260 nm. With p-nitroaniline as internal standard, human urine samples were cleaned up by liquid-liquid extraction. The regression equations obtained from both the standard and the biological samples were linear between 0.1 - 10.0 μg/mL (r > 0.999). …

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Simultaneous Determination Of Plasma Betamethasone Disodium Phosphate And Betamethasone In Rabbit By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, W.-S. Cheng, J.-L. Chen, C.-H. Chiang Jul 2020

Simultaneous Determination Of Plasma Betamethasone Disodium Phosphate And Betamethasone In Rabbit By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, W.-S. Cheng, J.-L. Chen, C.-H. Chiang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Betamethasone disodium phosphate (BDP), a hydrophilic prodrug of betamethasone (BTM), was rapidly converted into betamethasone in blood following intravenous administration. In this study, we established an analytical method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to simultaneously determine BDP and its free base BTM in plasma samples. The calibration curves demonstrate good linearity (BDP, R2 = 0.99999; BTM, R2 = 0.99997) and reproducibility within a range from 50 ng/mL to 6000 ng/mL. The analytical method was applied to determine the pharmacokinetics of BTM and BDP following intravenous bolus injection of BDP in New Zealand white rabbits (0.4 mg/kg). The determined pharmacokinetic …

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Discriminating Astragali Radix From Hedysarum Radix In Chinese Medicine Preparations Using Nested Pcr And Dna Sequencing Methods, K.-T. Lu, H.-C. Lee, F.-S. Liu, C.-F. Lo, J.-H. Lin Jul 2020

Discriminating Astragali Radix From Hedysarum Radix In Chinese Medicine Preparations Using Nested Pcr And Dna Sequencing Methods, K.-T. Lu, H.-C. Lee, F.-S. Liu, C.-F. Lo, J.-H. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Astragali Radix are originated from Astragalus membranaceus and A. membranaceus var. mongholicus. However, Hedysarum Radix, the dried root of Hedysarum polybotrys, is often used as a substitute in Taiwan. In Chinese medicinal preparations, authenticity of Astragali Radix is difficult to be certified. The nested PCR and DNA sequencing method was used to identify Astragali Radix and Hedysarum Radix in preparation samples. Primer sets were designed for detecting Astragali Radix and Hedysarum Radix. The total DNA of all samples was extracted. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the DNA samples were amplified by nested PCR and the sequences received from an …

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Investigation Of Optimum Extraction Conditions For Determination Of Quercetin And Kaempferol In Coriander (Conundrum Sativum L.) By Using Experimental Design And Hplc, M. Hadjmohammadi, V. Sharifi Jul 2020

Investigation Of Optimum Extraction Conditions For Determination Of Quercetin And Kaempferol In Coriander (Conundrum Sativum L.) By Using Experimental Design And Hplc, M. Hadjmohammadi, V. Sharifi

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Optimum conditions for extraction of quercetin and kaempferol from coriander are determined using experimental design and HPLC method. Effects of five experimental factors, including percentage of methanol in aqueous extraction solvent, volume of extraction solvent, concentration of HCl used for hydrolysis, extraction time, and temperature on the extraction recovery, are investigated. Central composite design is used to investigate the effects of these factors and grid search method is used to find the optimum conditions. The optimum conditions are 30 mL of 45% aqueous methanol, containing 1.85 M HCl, refluxed for 2 hours at 84°C. The extraction procedures at optimum conditions …

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Detection Of Abused Drugs In Urine By Gc-Ms, M.-C. Hsu, D. Chen, R.H. Liu Jul 2020

Detection Of Abused Drugs In Urine By Gc-Ms, M.-C. Hsu, D. Chen, R.H. Liu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This paper reviews gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods for the analysis of amphetamines, ketamines, opioids, cocaine, and other abused drugs in urine that were developed by authors in Taiwanese institutions, and published during the 2000 to early 2008 period. Information on sample preparation, derivatization, internal standard, GC column, detection mode, and validation data for the reported methods are summarized in table format to facilitate readers' reference and adaptation.

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Citalopram Analysis In Formulation And Urine By A Novel Citalopram Potentiometric Membrane Sensor, F. Faridbod, M.R. Ganjali, R. Dinarvand, S. Riahi, P. Norouzi, M.B.A. Olia Jul 2020

Citalopram Analysis In Formulation And Urine By A Novel Citalopram Potentiometric Membrane Sensor, F. Faridbod, M.R. Ganjali, R. Dinarvand, S. Riahi, P. Norouzi, M.B.A. Olia

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Citalopram is an antidepressant drug used to treat depression associated with mood disorders. This research introduces the design of an ion-pair based polyvinylchloride (PVC) membrane sensor for the citalopram determination based on theoretical investigations. For the membrane preparation, citalopram-tetraphenyl borate ion-pair was employed as an electroactive material in the PVC membrane. In parallel, several plasticizers were studied, i.e. dibutyl phthalate (DBP), acetophenon (AP), nitrobenzene (NB) and nitrophenyloctyl ether (o-NPOE). After a series of experiments, the best electrode performance was accomplished with a membrane composition of 30% PVC, 66% DBP, and 4% ion-pair. This electrode illustrated a fast (∼5 s), stable …

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Oral Supplementation Of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae Rhamnoides L. Spp. Turkestanica) Fruit Extract Modifies Haloperidol Induced Behavioral Deficits And Increases Brain Serotonin Metabolism, F. Batool, A.H. Shah, S.D. Ahmed, D.J. Haleem Jul 2020

Oral Supplementation Of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae Rhamnoides L. Spp. Turkestanica) Fruit Extract Modifies Haloperidol Induced Behavioral Deficits And Increases Brain Serotonin Metabolism, F. Batool, A.H. Shah, S.D. Ahmed, D.J. Haleem

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Pulp and oils (fruit extract) from Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. spp. Turkestanica) (HRL) seeds and berries have been traditionally used in the treatment of different clinical and psychotic disorders and have significant implication in contemporary medicinal therapy. Schizophrenia is a chronic severe mental illness that affects approximately 1% of the population. Although the first generation of antipsychotic drugs such as chlorpromazine and haloperidol are widely prescribed for the treatment of schizophrenia, their beneficial effects are accompanied by extrapyramidal side effects (EPS). The present study was designed to investigate the effects of oral supplementation of HRL fruit extract (HRL-FE) on …

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Immunomodulatory Effects Of Aqueous Extract Of Velvet Antler (Cervus Elaphus Linnaeus) And Its Simulated Gastrointestinal Digests On Immune Cells In Vitro, Z. Lei, B.-P. Ji, L. Bo, Z. Feng, J.-H. Li, Y.-C. Luo Jul 2020

Immunomodulatory Effects Of Aqueous Extract Of Velvet Antler (Cervus Elaphus Linnaeus) And Its Simulated Gastrointestinal Digests On Immune Cells In Vitro, Z. Lei, B.-P. Ji, L. Bo, Z. Feng, J.-H. Li, Y.-C. Luo

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Velvet antler, a traditional Chinese medicine, is believed to have body-strengthening, immunomodulatory and anti-aging effects. It has been used in Chinese commercial functional foods and nutraceuticals. This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of aqueous extract of velvet antler (AEVA) from Cervus elaphus Linnaeus and its simulated gastrointestinal digests (SGDs) in vitro. Experiments were carried out by measuring the effects of AEVA and SGDs on splenocyte proliferation, neutral red pinocytosis and nitric oxide (NO) production by macrophages. AEVA (10-400 μg/mL) showed inhibitory effects on concanavalin A (ConA)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation while no difference was observed when lipopolisaccharide (LPS) was used …

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Simultaneous Determination Of Macrolide Pesticides In Fruits And Vegetables By Liquid Chromatography, C. Sheu, H.-C. Chen Jul 2020

Simultaneous Determination Of Macrolide Pesticides In Fruits And Vegetables By Liquid Chromatography, C. Sheu, H.-C. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A multiresidue method was developed and validated for the determination of four macrolide pesticides (spinosad, emamectin benzoate, abamectin and milbemectin) and their metabolites in six kinds of vegetables and fruits (Chinese kale, cabbage, eggplant, orange, papaya and strawberry). The pesticide residues were extracted from the samples with acetonitrile/10 mM aqueous ammonium acetate (NH4OAC), pH 4.0 (90:10, v/v) and the purification was carried out with an aminopropyl (NH2) solid-phase extraction cartridge. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatograpy (RP-HPLC) using an ODS-AM column 5 μm, where a gradient elution with methanol/acetonitrile/10 mM aqueous NH4OAc, pH 4.0 mobile phase was employed for the separation and …

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Identification Of Testudinis Carapax And Cervi Cornu In Kuei-Lu-Erh-Hsien-Chiao By Nested Pcr And Dna Sequencing Methods, K.-T. Lu, C.-F. Lo, J.-H. Lin Jul 2020

Identification Of Testudinis Carapax And Cervi Cornu In Kuei-Lu-Erh-Hsien-Chiao By Nested Pcr And Dna Sequencing Methods, K.-T. Lu, C.-F. Lo, J.-H. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Kuei-Lu-Erh-Hsien-Chiao (KLEHC) is widely used in Chinese medicine preparation for folk custom regimen, and is often sold through illegal suppliers. Testudinis Carapax and Cervi Cornu are the main raw materials of KLEHC. This study applied nested PCR and DNA sequencing method to identify the components of turtle and deer ingredients, which are the main constituents of KLEHC. The identification was based on the 12S rRNA gene sequences of mitochondria. This study modified the DNA extraction process to obtain the trace of DNA in KLEHC. With the sequences of the standards and GenBank database, two sets of primers were designed to …

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Antioxidative Effect Of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Intact Cells Vs. Intracellular Extracts, C.-C. Ou, T.-M. Lu, J.-J. Tsai, J.-H. Yen, H.-W. Chen, M.-Y. Lin Jul 2020

Antioxidative Effect Of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Intact Cells Vs. Intracellular Extracts, C.-C. Ou, T.-M. Lu, J.-J. Tsai, J.-H. Yen, H.-W. Chen, M.-Y. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The present study compared the anti-oxidative ability of intact cells and intracellular extracts of two lactic acid bacterial strains, Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus. Results showed that both intact cells and intracellular extracts of 109 cells of B. longum and L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus had the ability to scavengeα-diphenyl- β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical by 70.4-75.1%, to inhibit liposome peroxidation by 25-31%, and to decrease significantly the malondialdehyde (MDA) production in Intestine 407 cells. The effect of intact cells and intracellular extracts of these two bacterial strains on the oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) isolated from cerebrovascular accident …

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Molecular Detection Of Florfenicol And Chloramphenicol Resistance Among Escherichia Coli Isolates From Healthy Pigs During 2003 To 2007, H.-C. Kuo, H.-W. Wei, C.-D. Chang, C.-C. Chou, C. Tu, J.-W. Liao, S.-K. Chang Jul 2020

Molecular Detection Of Florfenicol And Chloramphenicol Resistance Among Escherichia Coli Isolates From Healthy Pigs During 2003 To 2007, H.-C. Kuo, H.-W. Wei, C.-D. Chang, C.-C. Chou, C. Tu, J.-W. Liao, S.-K. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In order to elucidate the possible genetic determinants of resistance to florfenicol and chloramphenicol in porcine Escherichia coli in Taiwan, 600 fecal samples of healthy pigs from 50 different farms were collected from 2003 to 2007. The florfenicol resistance in the isolated E. coli strains doubled from 39.2% in 2003 to 78.3% in 2007. A total of 351 florfenicol-resistant E. coli isolates were isolated from nursery pigs (61.5%), grower-finisher pigs (62.5%), and sows (51.5%). The prevalence of resistance genes, floR, cmlA, cat-1, cat-2 and cat-3, was 82.9, 61.3, 10.8, 3.7, and 0%, respectively. Of the 351 florfenicol-resistant isolates, 184 (52.4%) …

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The Correlation Of In Vitro Mushroom Tyrosinase Activity With Cellular Tyrosinase Activity And Melanin Formation In Melanoma Cells A2058, T.-Y. Song, C.-H. Chen, N.-C. Yang, C.-S. Fu, Y.-T. Chang, C.-L. Chen Jul 2020

The Correlation Of In Vitro Mushroom Tyrosinase Activity With Cellular Tyrosinase Activity And Melanin Formation In Melanoma Cells A2058, T.-Y. Song, C.-H. Chen, N.-C. Yang, C.-S. Fu, Y.-T. Chang, C.-L. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity in vitro has commonly been employed for evaluation of the whitening effects of various drugs and cosmetic products because tyrosinase is the limiting enzyme in melanin formation in skin. However, questions remain as to whether the in vitro inhibition of tyrosinase activity adequately represents the whiting effects since it does not account for cellular uptake of test samples. We therefore evaluated the correlations of the inhibition of cell-free mushroom tyrosinase activity with that of cellular tyrosinase activity and melanin formation in A2058 melanoma cell line using kojic acid, ascorbic acid and water extracts of …

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Bighead Carp Meat Adulterated In Commercial Milkfish Ball Products, Y.-J. Chen, K.-M. Huang, H.-C. Jen, M.-W. Su, S.-M. Liu, D.-F. Hwang Jul 2020

Bighead Carp Meat Adulterated In Commercial Milkfish Ball Products, Y.-J. Chen, K.-M. Huang, H.-C. Jen, M.-W. Su, S.-M. Liu, D.-F. Hwang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Attempts were made to identify the species of raw materials of milkfish ball products. A 466-bp fragment could be amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a pair of primer (L14735/H15149ad). Sequences of cytochrome b gene (cyt b) were determined in 3 fish species including milkfish (Chanos chanos), bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). These three fish species contained distinguishable sequences. In addition, RFLP analysis of the PCR products with endonuclease HpaII showed unique restriction maps for these 3 fish species. Based on gene sequencing and PCR-RFLP analyses, we have identified one commercial milkfish ball be intentionally …

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Determination Of Benzoate Derivatives In Soy Sauce By Capillary Electrophoresis And In-Capillary Microextraction Procedure, J.-J. Chen, Y.-C. Lee, H.-C. Lin, R.L.C. Chen Jul 2020

Determination Of Benzoate Derivatives In Soy Sauce By Capillary Electrophoresis And In-Capillary Microextraction Procedure, J.-J. Chen, Y.-C. Lee, H.-C. Lin, R.L.C. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Benzoate derivatives in soy sauce were analyzed by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) coupled with a microextraction technique. The analytes were acidified and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic extract was directly injected (30 mbar × 1 sec) into a fused silica capillary (75 μm i.d. × 34 cm) and separated in 20 mM borax buffer (pH 9.2) with 10 kV working voltage. Separation was completed in less than 10 min as monitored by A225. Hippuric acid was used as internal standard to improve the reproducibility for quantification (CV = 4.5%, n = 12).

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Erratum: (Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis Vol. 12 (3)), Skip Jul 2020

Erratum: (Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis Vol. 12 (3)), Skip

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

[No abstract available]

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Accumulation Of Arsenic In Pacific Oysters, Crassostrea Gigas, Collected From Aquaculture Sites In Western Taiwan, T.-M. Hsiung, C.-W. Huang Jul 2020

Accumulation Of Arsenic In Pacific Oysters, Crassostrea Gigas, Collected From Aquaculture Sites In Western Taiwan, T.-M. Hsiung, C.-W. Huang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Oyster, farmed inland on the west coast of Taiwan, can provide a good indication of pollution levels in aqua environments, which may be affected by upland watershed, industrial and municipal waste water discharge, precipitation and local runoff. Using a continuous flow-hydride generation-atomic absorption technique, this study measured arsenic concentrations in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) collected from several aquaculture sites along the west coast of Taiwan over different seasons. The arsenic concentrations ranged between 8.83 and 19.51 mg/kg dry wt. (mean 13.7 ± 2.2 mg/kg). Excluding Hsianshan, a suspected source of toxin, it was possible to create an exponential decay model …

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Comparison Of The Metal Concentrations In Muscle And Liver Tissues Of Fishes From The Erren River, Southwestern Taiwan, After The Restoration In 2000, Y.-C. Chen, C.-Y. Chen, H.-J. Hwang, W.-B. Chang, W.-J. Yeh, M.-H. Chen Jul 2020

Comparison Of The Metal Concentrations In Muscle And Liver Tissues Of Fishes From The Erren River, Southwestern Taiwan, After The Restoration In 2000, Y.-C. Chen, C.-Y. Chen, H.-J. Hwang, W.-B. Chang, W.-J. Yeh, M.-H. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Metal concentrations in the muscle and liver tissues of fishes from the Erren River in southwestern Taiwan were analyzed to evaluate the pollution status after the completion of the restoration plan in 2000. It was the first time the tissue concentrations of 4 important elements, i.e. Fe, Mn, As and Hg, were reported in fishes from this area. Samples were collected in January 2002 at the junction of the Erren River and the Sanyegong River, the most polluted section of the river. Five fish species, Megalops cyprinoids (Indo-Pacific tarpon), Chanos chanos (milkfish), Liza macrolepis (large-scaled mullet), Mugil cephalus (striped mullet) …

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