Digital Commons Network^™

Landscape Characteristics Influence Climate Change Effects On Juvenile Chinook And Coho Salmon Rearing Habitat In The Kenai River Watershed, Benjamin Meyer

Fisheries

Changes in temperature and precipitation as a result of ongoing climate warming in south-central Alaska are affecting juvenile salmon rearing habitat differently across watersheds. Work presented here simulates summer growth rates of juvenile Chinook and coho salmon in streams under future climate and feeding scenarios in the Kenai River (Alaska) watershed across a spectrum of landscape settings from lowland to glacially-influenced. I used field-derived data on water temperature, diet, and body size as inputs to bioenergetics models to simulate growth for the 2030-2039 and 2060-2069 time periods, comparing back to 2010-2019. My results suggest decreasing growth rates under most future …

Long-Term Shifts In Community Structure, Growth, And Relative Abundance Of Nearshore Arctic Fishes: A Response To Changing Environmental Conditions, Justin T. Priest

Fisheries

Environmental conditions influence the presence, species composition, abundance, and growth of fish species in the nearshore Arctic ecosystem. With ongoing shifts in Arctic conditions due to climate change, how fish communities and individual species respond to such changes to environmental variability more broadly is unknown. This study analyzed catch and length data from a long-term fish monitoring project near Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, 2001-2018, to quantify the effects of environmental variables on the overall fish community and on the juveniles of two important whitefishes, Arctic Cisco Coregonus autumnalis and Broad Whitefish Coregonus nasus. Abundance data (n = 1.78 million fish) from …

Life Cycles Of The Kelps Saccharina Latissima And Alaria Marginata: Implications For Mariculture And Ecology In Alaska, Annie E.T. Raymond

Fisheries

Kelp farming has the potential to economically diversify coastal communities of Alaska while offering other ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration and mitigation of eutrophication. Two bottlenecks to the expansion of the industry are understanding the natural kelp life cycle and manipulating the life cycle to produce seed. We address these questions with specific research aimed to increase knowledge of the expected natural variability of the kelp life cycle and test methods to effectively manipulate storage of kelp seed string to add flexibility to the kelp farming industry. First, in Chapter 1, we documented the patterns of sporophyte fertility for two …

Sea Otters In Southeast Alaska: Subsistence Harvest And Ecological Effects In Seagrass Communities, Wendel W. Raymond

Fisheries

The recovery of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) to Southeast Alaska is a conservation success story, but their increasing population raises questions about sea otter population dynamics and the ecological role of this top-level predator. In Chapter 1, we addressed these questions by investigating patterns and population effects of subsistence sea otter harvest. Subsistence harvest reduced populations at a small scale, with potential to slow or stop population growth, but across Southeast Alaska the population continues to grow, even with an average 3% subsistence harvest rate. In Chapters 2 and 3 we investigated the ecological role of sea otters in seagrass …

Temporal And Size-Based Patterns In Juvenile Sablefish Energy Allocation And Diet, Matthew W. Callahan

Fisheries

A recent marine heatwave in the Gulf of Alaska caused depressed growth, poor body condition, and low survival in many fish species, but juvenile sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) thrived. These fast-growing piscivores are the target of a valuable commercial fishery in Alaska as adults and have historically shown high variability in recruitment. The first winter is a period of nutritional stress and high mortality for many fish species and first winter survival may dictate year class strength, but the importance of the first winter for juvenile sablefish is understudied. We examined juvenile sablefish energy storage, growth, and diet during their first …

Seasonal Predictions Of Shoreline Change, Informed By Climate Indices, Dan Hilton, Mark Davidson, Tim Scott

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

With sea level rise accelerating and coastal populations increasing, the requirement of coastal managers and scientists to produce accurate predictions of shoreline change is becoming ever more urgent. Waves are the primary driver of coastal evolution, and much of the interannual variability of the wave conditions in the Northeast Atlantic can be explained by broadscale patterns in atmospheric circulation. Two of the dominant climate indices that capture the wave climate in western Europe’s coastal regions are the ‘Western Europe Pressure Anomaly’ (WEPA) and ‘North Atlantic Oscillation’ (NAO). This study utilises a shoreline prediction model (ShoreFor) which is forced by synthetic …

Assessing Options For Remediation Of Contaminated Mine Site Drainage Entering The River Teign, Southwest England, Abigail Jordan, Rachel Hill, Adrienne Turner, Tyrone Roberts, Sean Comber

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The river Teign in Devon has come under scrutiny for failing to meet environmental quality standards for ecotoxic metals due to past mining operations. A disused mine known as Bridford Barytes mine, has been found to contribute a significant source of Zn, Cd and Pb to the river. Recently, studies have been focused on the remediation of such mine sites using low-cost treatment methods to help reduce metal loads to the river downstream. This paper explores the metal removal efficiency of red mud, a waste product from the aluminium industry, which has proven to be an attractive low-cost treatment method …

Improving The Sustainability And Mitigating Environmental Impacts Of Grazed Grassland, H. J. Di, K. C. Cameron

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Peat On The Soil Physical Properties, Jianyu Cui, Yajia Liu, Kangguo Mu, Xiaoqing Zhang, Lin Hu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Alfalfa Stand Age On Rhizosphere Soil Phosphorus In Saline Soil, Wenxing Gao, Zhiyu Zhou, Lili Zhang, Bin Ma, Gang Zhang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Measles, Movements And Medical Exemptions: How California Learned To Lead The Way, Joseph Bishop

Madison Historical Review

In 2000, the United States celebrated the elimination of measles. Yet within twenty years, measles epidemics had sprung up throughout the country. This article examines the factors responsible for measles’ return to the United States and argues for a state policy that effectively reduces potential outbreaks. The growing anti-vaccination movement and vaccine misinformation largely account for the increase in vaccine hesitancy, leading to measles epidemics. California’s Senate Bill 277, a school-entry vaccination policy, demonstrates how withholding religious and philosophical exemptions increased vaccination rates in unprotected communities. By decreasing vaccine hesitancy with effective vaccine exemption policies, the United States can be …

Effect Of Host-Plant Species On The Survival, Adult Longevity And Fertility Of Predatory Bug, Macrolophus Caliginosus Wagner [Hemiptera: Miridae, عبد الجليل حمدان

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

Two laboratory experiments were carried out under controlled conditions. First expperiment was to study the development and survival of nymphs of Macrolophus caliginnosus Wagner, when offered clean leaf-discs of tobacco, eggplant, tomato, pepper or Pelargonium peltatium only. The second experiment was to study the adult longevity and fertility of M. caliginosus offered greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (GHWF), on different host-plant. Although newly hatched M. caliginosus nymphs did not survive on plant sap alone, adults could live and even produce offspring. However, when M. caliginosus offered these plants as oviposition sites and fed on T. vaporariorum infestation, the intrinsic rate …

Comparative Analyses Of The Coat Protein Of Newly Discovered Ampelovirus Using Computer-Assisted Phylogenetic Reconstruction And Analysis: (An Approach For Classification And Characterization), رائد الكوني

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

The coat protein of the newly found closteroviruses Grapevine leafroll associated vir rus 9 (GLRaV-9) was used for comparative analysis with other members of the family Closteroviridae. The amino acid alignments using ClustalW demonstrated a significant homology between the GLRaV-9 sequence and the Grapevine leafroll associated virus 5 (86%) and Pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus-1 (56%). GLRaV-9 and GLRaV5 were proved to be serologically distinct by using GCG sequence analysis software package that indicate the significant variation (26%) within their polypeptide sequences at the N-terminus of their coat protein. The phylogenetic analysis, grouped GLRaV-9 with mealybug transmitted viruses (GLRaV-1, -3, -5, …

Biological Control Of Sclerotium Rolfsii By Using Indigenous Trichoderma Spp. Isolates From Palestine, رضوان بركات, محمد المصري, فضل المحاريق

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

The bioagent, Trichoderma species are known antagonists of other fungi, and have been shown to be very efficient biocontrol agents of several soil borne plant pathogenic fungi. Forty-seven local Trichoderma isolates were isolated from one hundred sixty nine soil samples from irrigated fields in the West Bank by using dilute plate techniques on Tricchoderma selective media (TSM).The antagonistic potential of the local isolates against the phytopathogenic Sclerotium rolfsii was investigated in dual culture and bioassay on bean plants. Application of testing isolates as a conidial suspension (3*106) greatly reduced the disease index of bean plants in different rates by a …

Effect Of Different Arthropod Prey Species On The Biology Of The Predatory Bug, Macrolophus Caliginosus Wagner [Hemiptera: Miridae], عبد الجليل حمدان

Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه

Laboratory experiment were done to examine the effect of different arthropod prey on the biology of predatory bug, Macrolophus caliginosus Wagner at 25 o C, 75% r.h. and 16:8 L:D photoperiod. The food eaten by M. caliginosus clearly had a major impact on most parameters of its life cycle. When either greenhouse whiteflies, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood); eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, or potato peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer were offered as preys, during development M. caliginosus had high survival percentage (80%, 79% and 64% respectively) and developed more quickly with duration of development of (17.4, 15.6 and 15.7 days respectively) …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - August 23, 2020, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the August 16, 2020 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's Newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

Trammell and Hanks honored with community health leadership awards

Reminder: Complete the College of Medicine Justice Initiative Survey

Scholarship fund established in honor of Samantha Thomas

USA College of Medicine names Emily Wilson, Ph.D., associate dean of faculty affairs and faculty development

Using Stable Isotopes To Disentangle Marine Sedimentary Signals In Reactive Silicon Pools, Rebecca A. Pickering, Lucie Cassarino, Katharine R. Hendry, Xiangli L. Wang, Kanchan Maiti, Jeffrey W. Krause

Faculty Publications

Many studies use sedimentary biogenic silica (bSiO2) stable isotopes (e.g., δ³⁰Si) as paleoproxies but neglect signals from other sedimentary reactive SiO2 phases. We quantified δ³⁰Si for multiple reactive Si pools in coastal river-plume sediments, revealing up to −5‰ difference between acid-leachable and alkaline-digestible amorphous SiO2. Thus, previous studies have missed valuable information on early diagenetic products and, in cases where sediments were not cleaned, potentially biased bSiO2 δ³⁰Si values. Acid-leachable δ³⁰Si, that is, from authigenic products, are the result of either multistep fractionation from a bSiO2 source or an ~2‰ fractionation (consistent …

Wireless Technologies For Implantable Devices, Bradley D. Nelson, Salil Sidharthan Karipott, Yvonne Wang, Keat Ghee Ong

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Wireless technologies are incorporated in implantable devices since at least the 1950s. With remote data collection and control of implantable devices, these wireless technologies help researchers and clinicians to better understand diseases and to improve medical treatments. Today, wireless technologies are still more commonly used for research, with limited applications in a number of clinical implantable devices. Recent development and standardization of wireless technologies present a good opportunity for their wider use in other types of implantable devices, which will significantly improve the outcomes of many diseases or injuries. This review briefly describes some common wireless technologies and modern advancements, …

Limitations On Inferring Shark Vulnerability From Spatial Habitat Protection. Response To Shark Conservation Hindered By Lack Of Habitat Protection, Matias Braccini, Stephen J. Newman

Fisheries Research Articles

Birkmanis et al. (2020a) used occurrence data obtained from commercial fisheries to infer the suitable habitat for eight shark species within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of Australia, and quantify the amount of suitable habitat contained within existing no-fishing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The authors state that shark conservation is hindered because suitable habitat is mostly unprotected from commercial fishing, therefore increasing the vulnerability of the assessed species. In doing so, the authors imply that shark conservation depends predominantly on establishing MPAs in highly suitable habitats; this, unfortunately, would disregard the broad range of other measures available in the fisheries …

Memantine Treatment Reduces The Incidence Of Flaccid Paralysis In A Zika Virus Mouse Model Of Temporary Paralysis With Similarities To Guillain-Barré Syndrome, Venkatraman Siddharthan, Hong Wang, Alexandre Lr De Oliveria, Xin Dai, John D. Morrey

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Clinical evidence suggests that Zika virus contributes to Guillain-Barré syndrome that causes temporary paralysis. We utilized a recently described Zika virus mouse model of temporary flaccid paralysis to address the hypothesis that treatment with an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, memantine, can reduce the incidence of paralysis. Aged interferon alpha/beta-receptor knockout mice were used because of their sublethal susceptibility to Zika virus infection. Fifteen to twenty-five percent of mice infected with a Puerto Rico strain of Zika virus develop acute flaccid paralysis beginning at days 8–9 and peaked at days 10–12. Mice recover from paralysis within a week of onset. In …

Effects Of Nitrogen Fertilizers On Growth And Turf Quality Of Kentucky Bluegrass, Yuling Deng, Yan Peng, Yukuan Wang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Change In Soil Nh4+‐N And No3- Under Different Land Use Types In The Longzhong Part Of Loess Plateau, Ding Guo, Xiaoyu Dong, Xiaodong Li, Xudong Li, Hua Fu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Litterfall Deposition Along An Altitude Gradient, Northeast Mexico, Humberto González, T. G. Domínguez, I. C. Silva, M. V. Gómez, R. G. Ramírez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilisation And Cutting Frequency On The Yield And Regrowth Of Panicum Maximum Jacq In West Cameroon, E. Tedonkeng Pamo, B. Boukila, C. N. Meduke, F. Tendonkeng

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Sward Height Effect On Emission Of Nh3 From Broiler Manure Applied To Dactylis Glomerata L., Shabtai Bittman, A. K. Lau, D. E. Hunt, C. G. Kowalenko

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

New Faculty, 2020-2021, University Of Mississippi. Provost.

New Faculty

No abstract provided.

T Lymphocyte Responses To Flaviviruses — Diverse Cell Populations Affect Tendency Toward Protection And Disease, Luis Alberto Sanchez Vargas, Anuja Mathew, Alan L. Rothman

Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty Publications

Dengue virus (DENV), Yellow Fever virus, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus and Zika virus are medically important flaviviruses transmitted to humans by mosquitoes and circulate in overlapping geographic areas. Cross-reactive immune responses have been demonstrated among the flaviviruses, particularly the four DENV serotypes. The immunological imprint left by a flavivirus infection can therefore have profound effects on the responses to subsequent infections. In this review we summarize recent research focusing on T cell responses to DENV using clinical samples from prospective cohort studies in Asia. These data suggest that durability of different T cell populations after …

Graduate Catalog 2020-2021, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Graduate Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Deletion Rescue Resulting In Segmental Homozygosity: A Mechanism Underlying Discordant Nipt Results, Samantha Caldwell, Katelynn Sagaser, Zoe Nelson, Jennifer Frey, Jenna Wardrop, Theresa Boomer, Ron Mccullough, Stuart Schwartz

Research Administration Articles

With the increasing capabilities of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), detection of sub-chromosomal deletions and duplications are possible. This case series of deletion rescues resulting in segmental homozygosity helps provide a biological explanation for NIPT discrepancies and adds to the dearth of existing literature surrounding segmental UPD cases and their underlying mechanisms. In the three cases presented here, NIPT reported a sub-chromosomal deletion (in isolation or as part of a complex finding). Diagnostic testing, however, revealed segmental homozygosity or UPD for the region reported deleted on NIPT. Postnatal placental testing was pursued in two cases and confirmed the NIPT findings. This …

Stay Calm And Focus On The Learning Outcomes: Tools For Taking Biophysical Chemistry Online, Maria Ballester, Brian L. Van Hoozen Jr., Arthur Sikora

Chemistry and Physics Faculty Articles

Course specific learning outcomes are an important tool to define the scope of a course and can be very helpful when designing experiments and assessments. With slight modification, these learning outcomes can serve as a guide when transitioning to the distance learning format especially in courses with a traditional lab. Here we present such an example for the biophysical chemistry course.