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2020

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Ergonomics Modelling And Evaluation Of Automobile Seat Comfort, Prithvi Tilwani Dec 2020

Ergonomics Modelling And Evaluation Of Automobile Seat Comfort, Prithvi Tilwani

Manipal Journal of Science and Technology

The driver’s seat is a vital element in any car, but it is also a sophisticated system with several parts, adjustments, and safety features. A poorly built driving seat has an impact on the driver’s health and mental state. The three important goals for any driver seat are the safety of the driver, comfort, and health. Despite the availability of several technologies, the car seating sector has had little success in quantifying comfort. Iteration’s time and cost may be justified if the procedure was assured to result in a comfortable seat. This study emphasizes the value of using the overall …


3d Cell Culture: Techniques, Applications In Healthcare, And Future Challenges, Mukunthan K S Dec 2020

3d Cell Culture: Techniques, Applications In Healthcare, And Future Challenges, Mukunthan K S

Manipal Journal of Science and Technology

Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures have been the most commonly used technique since cell culture was first introduced. However, these cultures do not accurately represent animal physiology as many factors that play an important role in the growth of animal cells are overlooked. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture techniques provide higher accuracy in recreating the microenvironment of native tissues. But, 2D cell culture techniques are still preferred for the majority of animal cell cultures as these are well established and relatively inexpensive. Various techniques have been developed for 3D cell culture but these systems are highly complex as the number of parameters …


Facial Image Analysis Using Ratio-Fusion-Score Based Approach To Support Forensic Investigation, Deepak Waikar Dec 2020

Facial Image Analysis Using Ratio-Fusion-Score Based Approach To Support Forensic Investigation, Deepak Waikar

Manipal Journal of Science and Technology

In recent years, the face recognition field has attained high performance in the identification of a person. Facial recognition algorithms should be able to perform even in the case of similar faces such as Look-alikes or identical twins. Twin identification becomes an important task in face recognition as twins are involved in pursuing criminal activities. The proposed framework focuses on the recognition of individual faces, and Look-alikes by finding distinctiveness of different facial features in the face by using multi-parametric anthropometry measurements. Fusion score is generated by considering the fusion of facial ratios such as image ratio and golden ratio …


Dach1 Mutation Frequency In Endometrial Cancer Is Associated With High Tumor Mutation Burden, Mckayla J. Riggs, Nan Lin, Chi Wang, Dava W. Piecoro Dec 2020

Dach1 Mutation Frequency In Endometrial Cancer Is Associated With High Tumor Mutation Burden, Mckayla J. Riggs, Nan Lin, Chi Wang, Dava W. Piecoro

Open Access archive

Objective DACH1 is a transcriptional repressor and tumor suppressor gene frequently mutated in melanoma, bladder, and prostate cancer. Loss of DACH1 expression is associated with poor prognostic features and reduced overall survival in uterine cancer. In this study, we utilized the Oncology Research Information Exchange Network (ORIEN) Avatar database to determine the frequency of DACH1 mutations in patients with endometrial cancer in our Kentucky population. Methods We obtained clinical and genomic data for 65 patients with endometrial cancer from the Markey Cancer Center (MCC). We examined the clinical attributes of the cancers by DACH1 status by comparing whole-exome sequencing (WES), …


An Uml Based Performance Evaluation Of Real-Time Systems Using Timed Petri Net, Tanuja Shailesh, Ashalatha Nayak, Devi Prasad Dec 2020

An Uml Based Performance Evaluation Of Real-Time Systems Using Timed Petri Net, Tanuja Shailesh, Ashalatha Nayak, Devi Prasad

Open Access archive

Performance is a critical non-functional parameter for real-time systems and performance analysis is an important task making it more challenging for complex real-time systems. Mostly performance analysis is performed after the system development but an early stage analysis and validation of performance using system models can improve the system quality. In this paper, we present an early stage automated performance evaluation methodology to analyse system performance using the UML sequence diagram model annotated with modeling and analysis of real-time and embedded systems (MARTE) profile. MARTE offers a performance domain sub-profile that is used for representing real-time system properties essential for …


Esat-6 Protein Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Increases Holotransferrin-Mediated Iron Uptake In Macrophages By Downregulating Surface Hemochromatosis Protein Hfe, Vishwanath Jha, Ravi Pal, Dhiraj Kumar, Sangita Mukhopadhyay Dec 2020

Esat-6 Protein Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Increases Holotransferrin-Mediated Iron Uptake In Macrophages By Downregulating Surface Hemochromatosis Protein Hfe, Vishwanath Jha, Ravi Pal, Dhiraj Kumar, Sangita Mukhopadhyay

Open Access archive

Iron is an essential element for Mycobacterium tuberculosis; it has at least 40 enzymes that require iron as a cofactor. Accessibility of iron at the phagosomal surface inside macrophage is crucial for survival and virulence of M. tuberculosis. ESAT-6, a 6-kDasecreted protein of region of difference 1, is known to play a crucial role in virulence and pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis. In our earlier study, we demonstrated that ESAT-6 protein interacts with b-2-microglobulin (b2M) and affects class I Ag presentation through sequestration of b2M inside endoplasmic reticulum, which contributes toward inhibition of MHC class I:b2M:peptide complex formation. The 6 aa …


Effects Of Temporal Variation On Ambient Light In Northwest Arkansas, Ashlyn Anderson Dec 2020

Effects Of Temporal Variation On Ambient Light In Northwest Arkansas, Ashlyn Anderson

Biological Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses

An animal’s life success is determined solely by its fitness, which makes choosing a mate one of its most important life decisions. Natural selection plays a big part in an animal’s phenotype, but so does sexual selection. Even though females are usually thought to be the choosier sex, in many species or seasons males are also choosy. Male mate preference is an understudied topic compared to female mate preference and therefore, even less is known about the outcomes of a male’s prior mating experience’s influence on future mating experiences. Therefore, I dove deeper into this topic with the highly studied …


The Effect Of Cyanobacteria On Transgenerational Responses In Daphnia Pulicaria, Olivia Williams Dec 2020

The Effect Of Cyanobacteria On Transgenerational Responses In Daphnia Pulicaria, Olivia Williams

2020 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

'Transgenerational plasticity' occurs when environmental cues alter the expression of traits in offspring and future generations. This experiment examined the influence of low-quality cyanobacteria (Anabaena) on across-generation responses in a common water flea (Daphnia pulicaria) to quantify whether changes in food quality from dietary cyanobacteria can induce transgenerational effects. Three Daphnia clones from Lake Mendota (WI) were maintained at 14C, 16:10 photoperiod until the third laboratory generation; animals from each clonal line were then reared for multiple generations on diets that contained varying amounts of cyanobacteria (either 100% Scenedesmus or 70% Scenedesmus, 30% Anabaena). General linear models and a posthoc …


Analysis Of Patterns Of Gene Expession With-In Species And Between Species Of Daphnia, Jenny Phan Dec 2020

Analysis Of Patterns Of Gene Expession With-In Species And Between Species Of Daphnia, Jenny Phan

2020 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Hybridization in the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia occurs naturally and the interspecific hybrids have been found between several species, occupying many diverse types of freshwater habitats (e.g., lakes and ponds). A comparative analysis of gene expression from crosses of varied species of Daphnia is a powerful way to identify the evolutionary divergence of the genetic elements controlling the expression of genes. In this study, multiple within-species and between-species crossing experiments are performed. We then sequenced the transcriptomes of the obtained interspecific juvenile hybrids and to contrast the patterns of within-species gene expression divergence with between-species divergence. Transcriptomes were compared at 50 …


Biological Nitrogen Fixation In Aeschynomene Indica: A Comparison Between Btai1 And A Native Strain Isolated In Texas, Abbey Raymond Dec 2020

Biological Nitrogen Fixation In Aeschynomene Indica: A Comparison Between Btai1 And A Native Strain Isolated In Texas, Abbey Raymond

2020 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Host-microbe interactions between legumes and rhizobia exemplify a symbiotic relationship; the rhizobia provide fixed nitrogen to leguminous plants via symbiotic nitrogen fixation, while they are safely harbored in plant root nodules. In this study, the nodulation of the legume Aeschynomene indica inoculated with BTAi1, a known rhizobium, was monitored and compared when inoculated with TSN2, a newly isolated rhizobium in Texas. Upon maturation, the physical characteristics of the plant were examined, and nitrogen fixation abilities were measured. In addition, the rhizobium isolated from these plants was sequenced and named “TSN2”. It was found that there were no significant differences in …


Determining The Role Of Low Molecular Weight Penicillin-Binding Proteins In Carbapenem Tolenerance In Aceinetobacter, Hana Ali Dec 2020

Determining The Role Of Low Molecular Weight Penicillin-Binding Proteins In Carbapenem Tolenerance In Aceinetobacter, Hana Ali

2020 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Antimicrobial resistance is a rapidly increasing threat to public health, where pathogens are no longer susceptible to antimicrobials prescribed to fight infections. Carbapenems are last-resort antimicrobials that bind penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and inhibit cell wall biogenesis, leading to death. Specifically, the pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) demonstrated carbapenem tolerance, or the ability of bacteria to survive in the toxic concentrations without changing the minimal inhibitory concentration. These data represent the first study to understand carbapenem tolerance in Ab. Here, we investigated the physiological significance of low molecular weight (LMW) PBPs, which have not been extensively studied in bacteria and could represent …


Supersize It! Developing A "Supercytoplast" Through Platelet Fusion, Taulbee B. Gunter Dec 2020

Supersize It! Developing A "Supercytoplast" Through Platelet Fusion, Taulbee B. Gunter

Animal Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

Stem cell research opens a wide range of possibilities from lab-grown tissues for medical purposes to cloned animals for livestock production. The issue with one of the most popular forms of cell recombination into a stem cell, known as somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), is that it requires an oocyte. The requirement of an oocyte is often the host of public scrutiny for its economic and ethical issues. Platelets may offer a less expensive and more accessible alternative to oocytes as sources of naturally enucleated cells. Thus, the objective of this explorative research project is to isolate and fuse platelets …


Respiratory Illness And Household Air Pollution: Problem Identification And Intervention, Hannah Flournoy Dec 2020

Respiratory Illness And Household Air Pollution: Problem Identification And Intervention, Hannah Flournoy

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses

This study is an expanded literature review that identifies the key concepts of Household Air Pollution (HAP) and the relationship it has with respiratory illness. This study identifies twenty research studies that inspect HAP and respiratory symptoms across a number of communities that utilize biomass fuel as their primary fuel source. It seeks to identify the problems that come with HAP, such as childhood respiratory infection, COPD, and other respiratory illnesses. This review seeks to identify if people in low to middle income countries, who utilize biomass fuel sources, see and improved respiratory outcome from using modern cookstoves and other …


Full Issue, The Mcnair Team Dec 2020

Full Issue, The Mcnair Team

McNair Scholars Research Journal

No abstract provided.


Improving Public Health Initiatives With Social Science: Lessons Learned From Covid-19, Paola A. Puentes Dec 2020

Improving Public Health Initiatives With Social Science: Lessons Learned From Covid-19, Paola A. Puentes

McNair Scholars Research Journal

No abstract provided.


Android Application To Alleviate Stress In Alzheimer Caregivers. An 'Invisible' Crisis: Addressing The Neglect Of Mental Health Burdens In Alzheimer's Caregivers, Chidochashe Pasipanodya Dec 2020

Android Application To Alleviate Stress In Alzheimer Caregivers. An 'Invisible' Crisis: Addressing The Neglect Of Mental Health Burdens In Alzheimer's Caregivers, Chidochashe Pasipanodya

2020 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Alzheimer's is a progressive disease characterized by a gradual loss in memory, thinking skills, and the ability to carry out simple tasks. As a result, patients require caregivers to play a critical role by managing household tasks, aiding in personal care, and performing medical procedures. Caregivers often balance family life and/or a career while averaging between 14- 34 hours weekly on patients. This develops into high levels of depression, anxiety, and low quality of life. Limited resources have left this demographic to suffer alone while bearing the burden of caring for a loved one. A mobile application was created to …


Variances Of Pro-Phenol Oxidases In The Melanin Synthesis Cascade Between Human And Cnidarian Species By Using Cassiopea Xamachana, Ivan Ponce Dec 2020

Variances Of Pro-Phenol Oxidases In The Melanin Synthesis Cascade Between Human And Cnidarian Species By Using Cassiopea Xamachana, Ivan Ponce

2020 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

With the rise of global temperatures, cnidarians are becoming more susceptible to disease within oceanic environments. Cnidarians rely on innate immunity through the melanin synthesis cascade using the pro-phenol oxidase (PPO) “tyrosinase” to combat pathogens. Although the function of vertebrae PPO immune response is well annotated, it is tragically used as a cascade model to understand cnidarian immunity. This study focuses on the relationship between cnidarian, utilizing Cassiopea xamachana, and human melanin synthesis cascades. Bioinformatic programs such as Composition Profiler, Mega-X, SWISS-MODEL, and PFAM were used to analyze these species’ tyrosinases. The data show there were major differences between the …


Patient-Centered Implementation Of Statin Therapy In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Giovanna P. Favarato Dec 2020

Patient-Centered Implementation Of Statin Therapy In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Giovanna P. Favarato

Doctor of Nursing Practice

Heart disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The American Diabetes Association recommends statins and lifestyle modifications for all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. A patient-centered approach to primary prevention is encouraged, yet there are no specific instructions regarding implementation. The Statin Choice Decision Aid is a tool designed to facilitate shared decision-making between the patient and the provider in the clinical setting. The 2018 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease for patients with …


Seriously Doe: Why A Hybrid Approach To Regulating Deer Farms Is Right For West Virginia, Jordan R. Mcminn Dec 2020

Seriously Doe: Why A Hybrid Approach To Regulating Deer Farms Is Right For West Virginia, Jordan R. Mcminn

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.


On The Plastic-Free Path: Plastic-Free Living, Hannah Natzke Dec 2020

On The Plastic-Free Path: Plastic-Free Living, Hannah Natzke

Honors Projects

What is living plastic-free like? This project explores the trials and triumphs of living a plastic-free life. Although this project is only mandates that the participant lives plastic-free for a month, it still investigates the challenges faced by longer plastic-free living.


A Critical Review On The Plants Used For The Treatment Of Ulcer In Kerala, Jincy Jacob, Jipnomon J, Nancy J Dec 2020

A Critical Review On The Plants Used For The Treatment Of Ulcer In Kerala, Jincy Jacob, Jipnomon J, Nancy J

Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University

Peptic ulcer disease and its complications remain the cause of significant morbidity worldwide, representing a major burden for health care resources. Although potent anti-ulcer drugs are available, most of them produce several side effects, thus emphasizing the need to search for new alternatives. As high as 80% of the world population depends on plant- derived medicines for the first line of primary health care, reinforcing the theory that plant extracts can be good sources of new drugs. This review focuses to consolidate the evidence-based information on antiulcer plants used in Kerala accumulated in databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct …


New Hints Towards A Precision Medicine Strategy For Idh Wild-Type Glioblastoma., K White, K Connor, J Clerkin, B M Murphy, M Salvucci, A C O'Farrell, M Rehm, D O'Brien, J H M Prehn, S P Niclou, M L M Lamfers, M Verreault, A Idbaih, Roel G W Verhaak, A Golebiewska, A T Byrne Dec 2020

New Hints Towards A Precision Medicine Strategy For Idh Wild-Type Glioblastoma., K White, K Connor, J Clerkin, B M Murphy, M Salvucci, A C O'Farrell, M Rehm, D O'Brien, J H M Prehn, S P Niclou, M L M Lamfers, M Verreault, A Idbaih, Roel G W Verhaak, A Golebiewska, A T Byrne

Faculty Research 2020

Glioblastoma represents the most common primary malignancy of the central nervous system in adults and remains a largely incurable disease. The elucidation of disease subtypes based on mutational profiling, gene expression and DNA methylation has so far failed to translate into improved clinical outcomes. However, new knowledge emerging from the subtyping effort in the IDH-wild-type setting may provide directions for future precision therapies. Here, we review recent learnings in the field, and further consider how tumour microenvironment differences across subtypes may reveal novel contexts of vulnerability. We discuss recent treatment approaches and ongoing trials in the IDH-wild-type glioblastoma setting, and …


Persort Facilitates Characterization And Elimination Of Persister Subpopulation In Mycobacteria., Vivek Srinivas, Mario L Arrieta-Ortiz, Amardeep Kaur, Eliza Jr Peterson, Nitin Baliga Dec 2020

Persort Facilitates Characterization And Elimination Of Persister Subpopulation In Mycobacteria., Vivek Srinivas, Mario L Arrieta-Ortiz, Amardeep Kaur, Eliza Jr Peterson, Nitin Baliga

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) generates phenotypic diversity to persist and survive the harsh conditions encountered during infection. MTB avoids immune effectors and antibacterial killing by entering into distinct physiological states. The surviving cells, persisters, are a major barrier to the timely and relapse-free treatment of tuberculosis (TB). We present for the first time, PerSort, a method to isolate and characterize persisters in the absence of antibiotic or other pressure. We demonstrate the value of PerSort to isolate translationally dormant cells that preexisted in small numbers within Mycobacterium species cultures growing under optimal conditions but that dramatically increased in proportion under stress …


Sitc Cancer Immunotherapy Resource Document: A Compass In The Land Of Biomarker Discovery., Siwen Hu-Lieskovan, Srabani Bhaumik, Kavita Dhodapkar, Jean-Charles J B Grivel, Sumati Gupta, Brent A Hanks, Sylvia Janetzki, Thomas O Kleen, Yoshinobu Koguchi, Amanda W Lund, Cristina Maccalli, Yolanda D Mahnke, Ruslan D Novosiadly, Senthamil R Selvan, Tasha Sims, Yingdong Zhao, Holden T Maecker Dec 2020

Sitc Cancer Immunotherapy Resource Document: A Compass In The Land Of Biomarker Discovery., Siwen Hu-Lieskovan, Srabani Bhaumik, Kavita Dhodapkar, Jean-Charles J B Grivel, Sumati Gupta, Brent A Hanks, Sylvia Janetzki, Thomas O Kleen, Yoshinobu Koguchi, Amanda W Lund, Cristina Maccalli, Yolanda D Mahnke, Ruslan D Novosiadly, Senthamil R Selvan, Tasha Sims, Yingdong Zhao, Holden T Maecker

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Since the publication of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer's (SITC) original cancer immunotherapy biomarkers resource document, there have been remarkable breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapy, in particular the development and approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors, engineered cellular therapies, and tumor vaccines to unleash antitumor immune activity. The most notable feature of these breakthroughs is the achievement of durable clinical responses in some patients, enabling long-term survival. These durable responses have been noted in tumor types that were not previously considered immunotherapy-sensitive, suggesting that all patients with cancer may have the potential to benefit from immunotherapy. However, a persistent challenge in …


Detection Of Delaminations In Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Embedded With Terfenol-D Particles Using Machine Learning, Christopher Nelon Dec 2020

Detection Of Delaminations In Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Embedded With Terfenol-D Particles Using Machine Learning, Christopher Nelon

All Theses

The characterization of the damage state of a system provides insight into its performance and safety during operation. In composite materials, specifically, fiber-reinforced polymers, delaminations form from the evolution of cracks in a matrix that leads to adhesion failure between adjacent laminae. Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) seeks to characterize the state of a material or system during non-operational times. A previously proposed NDE method employs embedded magnetostrictive particles between laminae of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) for damage sensing. The phenomenon of magnetostriction couples the mechanical state of a material with its magnetic state so that a change in the local …


Biofilms Of The Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterium Chelonae Form An Extracellular Matrix And Display Distinct Expression Patterns, Perla Vega-Dominguez, Eliza Jr Peterson, Min Pan, Alessandro Di Maio, Saumya Singh, Siva Umapathy, Deepak K Saini, Nitin Baliga, Apoorva Bhatt Dec 2020

Biofilms Of The Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterium Chelonae Form An Extracellular Matrix And Display Distinct Expression Patterns, Perla Vega-Dominguez, Eliza Jr Peterson, Min Pan, Alessandro Di Maio, Saumya Singh, Siva Umapathy, Deepak K Saini, Nitin Baliga, Apoorva Bhatt

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.


Electrospun Pva/Hyaluronic Acid/L-Arginine Nanofibers For Wound Healing Applications: Nanofibers Optimization And In Vitro Bioevaluation, Samar A. Salim, Yasmein Hussein, Esmail M El-Fakharany, Elbadawy A Kamoun, Samah A Loutfy, Rehab Amin, Tarek H Taha, Mahmoud Amer Dec 2020

Electrospun Pva/Hyaluronic Acid/L-Arginine Nanofibers For Wound Healing Applications: Nanofibers Optimization And In Vitro Bioevaluation, Samar A. Salim, Yasmein Hussein, Esmail M El-Fakharany, Elbadawy A Kamoun, Samah A Loutfy, Rehab Amin, Tarek H Taha, Mahmoud Amer

Nanotechnology Research Centre

No abstract provided.


National Coral Reef Management Fellows Newsletter Volume 3 | Issue 2, National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration (Noaa) Coral Reef Conservation Program Dec 2020

National Coral Reef Management Fellows Newsletter Volume 3 | Issue 2, National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration (Noaa) Coral Reef Conservation Program

National Coral Reef Management Fellowship Newsletter

No abstract provided.


Sleep Induction By Mechanosensory Stimulation In Drosophila., Arzu Öztürk-Çolak, Sho Inami, Joseph R. Buchler, Patrick D. Mcclanahan, Andri Cruz, Christopher Fang-Yen, Kyunghee Koh Dec 2020

Sleep Induction By Mechanosensory Stimulation In Drosophila., Arzu Öztürk-Çolak, Sho Inami, Joseph R. Buchler, Patrick D. Mcclanahan, Andri Cruz, Christopher Fang-Yen, Kyunghee Koh

Department of Neuroscience Faculty Papers

People tend to fall asleep when gently rocked or vibrated. Experimental studies have shown that rocking promotes sleep in humans and mice. However, the mechanisms underlying the phenomenon are not well understood. A habituation model proposes that habituation, a form of non-associative learning, mediates sleep induction by monotonous stimulation. Here, we show that gentle vibration promotes sleep in Drosophila in part through habituation. Vibration-induced sleep (VIS) leads to increased homeostatic sleep credit and reduced arousability, and can be suppressed by heightened arousal or reduced GABA signaling. Multiple mechanosensory organs mediate VIS, and the magnitude of VIS depends on vibration frequency …


Opsins In The Skin Of Two Color Forms Of Common Lesser Earless Lizards (Holbrookia Maculata), Chris Mcdaniels Dec 2020

Opsins In The Skin Of Two Color Forms Of Common Lesser Earless Lizards (Holbrookia Maculata), Chris Mcdaniels

McNair Scholars Research Journal

No abstract provided.