Digital Commons Network^™

Romantic Attachment Orientations, Financial Behaviors, And Life Outcomes Among Young Adults: A Mediating Analysis Of A College Cohort, Xiaomin Li, Melissa A. Curran, Ashley B. Lebaron

Faculty Publications

Guided by the Vulnerability-Adaption-Stress model (Karney and Bradbury 1995), we used data from 635 college-educated young adults to examine associations between romantic attachment orientations (i.e., attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance) and young adults’ life outcomes (i.e., financial satisfaction, life satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction; Aim 1). We also conducted a mediating model to examine indirect associations from romantic attachment orientations to life outcomes via young adult’s own financial behaviors and perceived partners’ financial behavior (i.e., each young adult’s perception of their partner’s financial behaviors; Aim 2). For Aim 1, high attachment anxiety and/or high attachment avoidance was associated with low life …

Does Inhibitory Control Training Reduce Weight And Caloric Intake In Adults With Overweight And Obesity? A Pre-Registered, Randomized Controlled Event-Related Potential (Erp) Study, Scott A. Baldwin, Alexandra M. Muir, Whitney D. Allen, Kaylie A. Carbine, James D. Lecheminant, Chad D. Jensen, C. Brock Kirwan, Michael J. Larson

Faculty Publications

A cognitive intervention that may reduce weight and caloric intake is inhibitory control training (ICT; having individuals repeatedly withhold dominant responses to unhealthy food images). We conducted a randomized controlled trial where 100 individuals with overweight or obesity were assigned to complete a generic (n = 48) or food-specific ICT (n = 52) training four times per week for four weeks. Weight and caloric intake were obtained at baseline, four-weeks, and 12-weeks. Participants also completed high-calorie and neutral go/no-go tasks while N2 event-related potential (ERP) data, a neural indicator of inhibitory control, was measured at all visits. Results …

Association Between Exposure To Air Pollution And Total Gray Matter And Total White Matter Volumes In Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Bruce L. Brown, Lance D. Erickson, Shawn D. Gale, Jacqueline E. Anderson, Dawson W. Hedges

Faculty Publications

Total brain gray-matter and white-matter volumes can be indicators of overall brain health. Among the factors associated with gray-matter and white-matter volumes is exposure to air pollution. Using data from the UK Biobank, we sought to determine associations between several components of air pollution—PM2.5, PM2.5–10, PM10, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen oxides—and total gray-matter and total white-matter volumes in multivariable regression models in a large sample of adults. We found significant inverse associations between PM2.5 concentration and total white-matter volume and between PM2.5, PM2.5–10, PM10, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen oxide concentrations and total gray-matter volume in models adjusted for age, sex, …

In An Era Of Uncertainty: Impact Of Covid-19on Dental Education, Wendy C. Birmingham, Man Hung, Frank W. Licari, Eric S. Hon, Evelyn Lauren, Sharon Su, Lori L. Wadsworth, Jane H. Lassetter, Tyler C. Graff, William Harman, William B. Carroll, Martin S. Lipsky

Faculty Publications

Purpose/Objectives:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemicarguably represents the worst public health crisis of the 21stcentury. However,no empirical study currently exists in the literature that examines the impact ofthe COVID-19 pandemic on dental education. This study evaluated the impactof COVID-19 on dental education and dental students’ experience.Methods:An anonymous online survey was administrated to professionaldental students that focused on their experiences related to COVID-19. Thesurvey included questions about student demographics, protocols for schoolreopening and student perceptions of institutional responses, student concerns,and psychological impacts.Results:Among the 145 respondents, 92.4% were pre-doctoral dental studentsand 7.6% were orthodontic residents; 48.2% were female and 12.6% students livedalone …

The Picrat Model For Technology Integration In Teacher Preparation, Royce Kimmons, Charles R. Graham, Richard E. West

Faculty Publications

Technology integration models are theoretical constructs that guide researchers, educators, and other stakeholders in conceptualizing the messy, complex, and unstructured phenomenon of technology integration. Building on critiques and theoretical work in this area, the authors report on their analysis of the needs, benefits, and limitations of technology integration models in teacher preparation and propose a new model: PICRAT. PIC (passive, interactive, creative) refers to the student’s relationship to a technology in a particular educational scenario. RAT (replacement, amplification, transformation) describes the impact of the technology on a teacher’s previous practice. PICRAT can be a useful model for teaching technology integration, …

Supporting Students During Covid-19: Developing And Leveraging Academic Communities Of Engagement In A Time Of Crisis, Jered Borup, Michelle Jensen, Leanna Archambault, Cecil R. Short, Charles R. Graham

Faculty Publications

As school closures require educators to transition to remote teaching, relevant models for supporting students are necessary. This article discusses Academic Communities of Engagement (ACE), a framework identifying two communities to help support student engagement: (a) the course community associated with course or school (teacher, peers, administrators, counselors) and (b) students’ personal community with long-standing relationships (parents, siblings, friends). Within the framework these communities can provide affective, behavioral, and cognitive support in online (remote) settings. Examples from two schools that had to go remote demonstrate application of the framework promoting student engagement and success.

The Settlement Norm In Audit Legal Disputes: Insights From Prominent Attorneys*, Eldar Maksymov, Jeffrey Pickerd, D. Jordan Lowe, Mark E. Peecher, Andrew Reffett

Faculty Publications

Prior research indicates that most audit legal disputes settle. There is, however, little evidence of the factors that drive the settlement norm and its exceptions in audit legal disputes. To better understand these factors, we rely on theory related to how professionals manage risks and, as a result, how professions defend jurisdictional claims. We use this theoretical lens to help motivate four research questions that we probe by interviewing 27 prominent attorneys experienced in audit litigation. Consistent with our lens, our interview data indicate that attorneys manage their risks, including the risk of reputational loss, by settling based on their …

Sanctification Or Inhibition? Religious Dualities And Sexual Satisfaction, Nathan D. Leonhardt, Dean M. Busby, Veronica R. Hanna-Walker, Chelom E. Leavitt

Faculty Publications

Religiosity can influence sexual satisfaction both positively and negatively. To test positive and negative mechanisms, we assessed how religiosity is indirectly associated with sexual satisfaction through sexual sanctification and inhibited sexual passion. We sampled individuals from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (N 1,695, Study 1) and mixed-sex dyads from Bovitz Inc. (N 481 dyads, Study 2). Religiosity consistently had a positive indirect association with sexual satisfaction through sexual sanctification; little evidence suggested religiosity had an indirect association with sexual satisfaction through inhibited sexual passion. When accounting for these mechanisms simultaneously, however, religiosity consistently had a negative direct association with sexual satisfaction, supporting …

How Can Technology Support Ageing In Place In Healthy Older Adults? A Systematic Review, A Ollevier, G Aguiar, M Palomino, Is Simpelaere

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Abstract Background Ageing in place has recently gained visibility in healthcare policies and services. Technology has the potential to facilitate independence at home. The objective of this systematic review is to identify technologies that have been rigorously evaluated for supporting the ageing in place of healthy older adults. As well we explored the methods in engagement with technology in healthy older adults. Methods Databases Pubmed, Scopus, PsycInfo and Cinahl were consulted for clinical controlled trials or randomised controlled trials between 2014 and 2019. Studies were included if they contained a technological intervention and focussed on supporting healthy older adults’ independent …

Government Policy Around Inclusive Education In The Uk And The Implications For Children, Families And Teachers, E Done

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

The relevance and value of a post-structuralist theoretical orientation when considering inclusion-related policy will be briefly explained, followed by the identification of recurrent themes in a post-structuralist analysis of UK policy developments. These themes include: a confused policy landscape that EY teachers must navigate, rights as a necessary but not sufficient condition of inclusion, and inclusion as an ethical (not economic) project that rejects deficit models of disability. Foucault (1982, p.778) insists on checking “the type of reality with which we are dealing” and, relatedly, the historical conditions of prevailing discursive fabrications to provide “historical awareness of our present circumstance”. …

No Evidence That Footedness In Pheasants Influences Cognitive Performance In Tasks Assessing Colour Discrimination And Spatial Ability, Mark A. Whiteside, Mackenzie M. Bess, Elisa Frasnelli, Christine E. Beardsworth, Ellis J.G. Langley, Horik Jo Van, Joah R. Madden

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

ABSTRACTThe differential specialization of each side of the brain facilitates the parallel processing of information and has been documented in a wide range of animals. Animals that are more lateralized as indicated by consistent preferential limb use are commonly reported to exhibit superior cognitive ability as well as other behavioural advantages. We assayed the lateralization of 135 young pheasants (Phasianus colchicus), indicated by their footedness in a spontaneous stepping task, and related this measure to individual performance in either 3 assays of visual or spatial learning and memory. We found no evidence that pronounced footedness enhances cognitive ability in any …

Leadership In Dental Practice: A Three Stage Systematic Review And Narrative Synthesis, Sally Hanks, Lucy Spowart, Debby R.E. Cotton

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

Removal Of Babies At Birth And The Moral Distress Of Midwives, Wendy Marsh, Ann Robinson, Jill Shawe, Ann Gallagher

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Background Midwives and nurses appear vulnerable to moral distress when caring for women whose babies are removed at birth. They may experience professional dissatisfaction and their relationships with women, families and colleagues may be compromised. The impact of moral distress may manifest as anger, guilt, frustration, anxiety and a desire to give up their profession. While there has been much attention exploring the concept of moral distress in midwifery, this is the first study to explore its association in this context. Aim This article explores midwives’ experiences of moral distress when providing care to women whose babies were removed at …

Developing And Testing A Nurse-Led Intervention To Support Bereavement In Relatives In The Intensive Care (Bric Study): A Protocol Of A Pre-Post Intervention Study, Mol Mmc Van, Sebastian Wagener, Jos M. Latour, Paul A. Boelen, Peter E. Spronk, Uil Ca Den, Judith A.C. Rietjens

School of Nursing and Midwifery

No abstract provided.

Lifestyle Gambling, Indebtedness And Anxiety: A Deviant Leisure Perspective, Thomas Raymen, Oliver Smith

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

“Every Structure We're Taught Goes Out The Window”: General Practitioners' Experiences Of Providing Help For Patients With Emotional Concerns', Daisy Parker, Richard Byng, Chris Dickens, Rose Mccabe

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

Use Of The Patient Health Questionnaire (Phq-9) In Practice: Interactions Between Patients And Physicians, Joseph Ford, Felicity Thomas, Richard Byng, Rose Mccabe

Peninsula Medical School

We analyze the use of nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), an instrument that is widely used in diagnosing and determining the severity of depression. Using conversation analysis, we show how the doctor deploys the PHQ-9 in response to the patient’s doubts about whether she is depressed. Rather than relaying the PHQ-9 verbatim, the doctor deviates from the wording so that the response options are selectively offered to upgrade the severity of the patient’s symptoms. This works in favor of a positive diagnosis and is used to justify a treatment recommendation that the patient previously resisted. This contrasted with the rest …

Cocreate: Collaborative Curriculum Reimagining And Enhancement Aiming To Transform Education, Barry J. Ryan, Adrienne Fleming, Catherine M. Deegan, Claire Mcavinia, Colm O'Kane, David Williams, Edmund Nevin, Eric Bates, Fionnuala Darby, Jen Harvey, Lesley Murphy, Maebh Coleman, Miriam O'Donoghue, Nicola Duffy

Teaching Fellowship Reports

The establishment of TU Dublin in January 2019 provided a unique opportunity to create a bespoke curriculum framework for students, staff and stakeholders of TU Dublin, produced by the students, staff and stakeholders of TU Dublin. A curriculum framework is a set of guiding values that inform the design of teaching and learning activities within TU Dublin. A Teaching Fellowship Team, comprising eighteen teaching academics from across the three TU Dublin campuses and supported extensively by the Learning Teaching and Technology Centre (LTTC), was formed to collaboratively craft, in partnership with all stakeholders, a curriculum framework for TU Dublin. Working …

Detection Of Insider Threats Using Artificial Intelligence And Visualisation, Vasileios Koutsouvelis, Stavros Shiaeles, Bogdan Ghita, Gueltoum Bendiab

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Multi-Modal Personalisation In Long-Term Human-Robot Interaction, Bahar Irfan

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

While short-term interactions with robots benefit from the novelty effect, long-term interactions can suffer from a decrease in user interest and engagement. Based on the previous research within Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), the thesis presented here is that user experience in long-term human-robot interactions can be improved by personalising the interaction through recognising users and recalling previously learned information. User recognition is the first step towards personalising the interaction, however, there does not exist a reliable user recognition method for fully autonomous user recognition in long- term HRI for real-world applications. Correspondingly, this thesis proposes a Multi-modal Incremental Bayesian Network (MMIBN) …

The Role And Contribution Of Knowledge And Knowledge Management Practices In Policing. The Case Of An Garda Síochána, Paul Mc Evoy

Doctoral

Thisresearch was undertaken in response to knowledge, and particularly knowledge management practice in policing that finds it complex, multifaceted, under researched and lacking in structure and cohesion. This exploratory research sets out to evaluate the role and contribution of knowledge and knowledge management practices in policing, and using An Garda Síochána, (the Police Service ofthe Republic of Ireland), as the underlying case exemplar in this work, it will contribute to the extant literature and understanding in the area by use of a study which contains unprecedented insider access to a modern police force, practical findings for knowledge change predicated on …

Employing A Visual Representation Technique To Understand Undergraduates’ Perceptions Of Civic Engagement Across Countries, Sharon Feeney, John Hogan

Articles

Purpose – This paper aims to present an interpretation of freehand drawings produced by a sample of final year degree level learners in response to the question: “What is civic engagement”? The aim in using this approach, with final year degree learners from different countries, but pursuing the same degree, was to compare and contrast their understanding of civic engagement.

Design/methodology/approach – Learners completed their drawings and then discussed their drawings in small groups. All of their drawings were initially examined quantitatively before a sample of six drawings were selected for in-depth qualitative examination.

Findings – Using learner-generated drawings enables …

Entrepreneurial Process Studies Using Insider Action Research: Opportunities & Challenges For Entrepreneurship Scholarship, Kisito Futonge Nzembayie, Anthony Paul Buckley

Articles

This paper examines the opportunities and challenges of adopting Insider Action Research (IAR) in entrepreneurial process studies. It employs a critical reflexive and narrative approach in examining our own lived experience in a real-time digital entrepreneurial journey spanning three years while triangulating it with experiential knowledge in another role as dissertation supervisors. Our live case illustrates that IAR, when it combines reflective practice, cooperative inquiry and design science, represents a suitable but under-exploited methodology for entrepreneurship scholarship. We build on this knowledge to offer a model for incorporating this methodology in entrepreneurship research and education. Consequently, we contribute towards responding …

What Do Professional Drivers Think About Their Profession? An Examination Of Factors Contributing To The Driver Shortage, Chao Ji Hyland, Declan Allen

Articles

A shortage of qualified and available professional drivers in the Freight, Transport, Distribution and Logistics (FTDL) sector is becoming an area of increasing concern in Ireland, and across the European mainland. This paper applies a two-stage research approach to address the issues causing the driver shortage and to analyse contributing factors. The findings reveal that remuneration and salaries are detrimental to recruitment and retention. While driver wellbeing in terms of physical and mental health is a major issue, little support is provided for training and education. There is a relationship between a driver’s age group and job satisfaction, and between …

The Dark Side Of Engaging With Social Networking Sites (Sns), Eileen O'Donnell, Liam O'Donnell

Books/Book Chapters

Although engagement with the deep or dark web may seem to some to be intimating or possibly threat- ening, the surface web similarly presents users with challenges which may also be detrimental to one’s peace of mind or health. This paper reviews the dark side of engaging with the surface web through the use of Social Networking Sites (SNS), the issues discussed in this paper will also be relevant to users’ engagement with the deep and dark web. While SNS have the potential to impact positively on ado- lescent’s health and well-being, the use of SNS has the potential for …

Stakeholder Engagement And The Future Of Irish Public–Private Partnerships, Gail Sheppard, Matthias Beck

Articles

Building on recent works that stress the importance of stakeholder engagement in partnerships, we propose a novel benchmarking framework for the evaluation of public–private partnerships. This framework describes mutuality and the preservation of organisational identity as the ideal characteristics of partnerships because they, in turn, encourage stakeholder support for public–private partnerships. Applying this framework to infrastructure public–private partnerships in Ireland, we note that mutual accountability has been weakened following the financial crisis. Meanwhile, con-sultation with clients such as key public–private partnership stakeholders, which would help articulate organisational identities, remains patchy across the education, justice
and health public–private partnership that we …

The Relationship Between Financial Distress And Well-Being: Exploring The Role Of Self-Employment, Jenny Berrill, Damien Cassells, Martha O’Hagan-Luff, André Van Stel

Articles

No abstract provided.

Fall And Activity Detection Framework On A Robotic Platform For Older Person Care, Frederico Belmonte Klein

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

This thesis describes the classification human activity for the purpose of detecting falls, later extended to multiple activities. This was done with the final intention of implementing a robotic companion for older persons that can provide a certain level of automated care in case of some sort of emergency. The complexity of this work, combined with restrictions of the robot, motivated a creation of an infrastructure abstraction to allow deferred (decentralized) processing. The initial work was done by implementing classifiers that work use pre-processed skeleton data extracted from RGBD sensors and implements some steps in order to make classification robust …

Building Cyber Defense Training Capacity, Erik Moore

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

As society advances in terms of information technology, the dependency on cyber secure systems increases. Likewise, the need to enhance both the quality and relevance of education, training, and professional development for cybersecurity defenders increases proportionately. Without a continued supply of capable cyber defenders that can come to the challenge well-prepared and continuously advance their skills, the reliability and thus the value of information technology systems will be compromised to the point that new information-driven societal structures in commerce, banking, education, infrastructure, and others across the globe would be put be at risk.The body of research presented here provides a …

Current Uses Of Chlorhexidine For Management Of Oral Disease: A Narrative Review, Zoë L.S. Brookes, Raul Bescos, Louise A. Belfield, Kamran Ali, Anthony Roberts

Peninsula Dental School

ObjectivesChlorhexidine (CHX) is a commonly used antiseptic mouthwash, used by dental practitioners and the public, due to its antimicrobial effects. The aim of this article was to provide a narrative review of current antimicrobial uses of CHX relevant to dentistry in the context of oral diseases, highlighting need for further studies to support its safe and appropriate use.Study selection, data and sourcesRandomised controlled trials, systematic reviews and national (UK and US) guidelines were consulted where available, with search terms for each subject category entered into MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar and the Cochrane database.ResultsSome evidence existed to support adjunctive short-term use …