Digital Commons Network^™

Sentience In All Organisms With Centralized Nervous Systems, Lori Marino

Animal Sentience

Mikhalevich & Powell (2020) argue for considering the welfare of invertebrates, especially insects, by asking whether invertebrates have the cognitive and neural characteristics necessary for sentience. This approach assumes that human neural and cognitive complexity is the basis of sentience. But insight might also be gained by turning this approach on its head and examining the notion that sentience may be a fundamental biological property, appearing very early in the evolution of life in all organisms with centralized nervous systems.

Ethical Considerations For Invertebrates, Scarlett R. Howard, Matthew R.E. Symonds

Animal Sentience

Mikhalevich & Powell (2020) have built on the discussion about which species deserve inclusion in animal ethics and welfare considerations. Here, we raise questions concerning the assessment criteria. We ask how to assess different species for their ability to fulfill the criteria, which criteria are most important, how we quantify them (absolute or on a continuum), and how non-animals such as fungi and plants fit into this paradigm.

Bridging The Empathy Gap For Invertebrates, John M. Marzluff

Animal Sentience

The actions of sentient vertebrates command our attention and inform our morality. Mikhalevich & Powell (2020) (M&P) argue that similar activities in a wide range of invertebrates with central nervous systems should do likewise. However, humans most readily empathize with creatures we recognize as similar in behavior, physiology, or appearance to ourselves. Helping humanity overcome this bias is a significant challenge for those who study invertebrates. Until this empathy gap is bridged, I believe few people and the policies they craft will afford invertebrates the moral standing that M&P argue they deserve. Therefore, I suggest those interested in raising appreciation …

Inhibition Of Pain Or Response To Injury In Invertebrates And Vertebrates, Matilda Gibbons, Sajedeh Sarlak

Animal Sentience

In certain situations, insects appear to lack a response to noxious stimuli that would cause pain in humans. For example, from the fact that male mantids continue to mate while being eaten by their partner it does not follow that insects do not feel pain; it could be the result of modulation of nociceptive inputs or behavioural outputs. When we try to infer the underlying mental state of an insect from its behaviour, it is important to consider the behavioural effects of the associated physiological and neurobiological mechanisms.

Affective Sentience And Moral Protection, Russell Powell, Irina Mikhalevich

Animal Sentience

We have structured our response according to five questions arising from the commentaries: (i) What is sentience? (ii) Is sentience a necessary or sufficient condition for moral standing? (iii) What methods should guide comparative cognitive research in general, and specifically in studying invertebrates? (iv) How should we balance scientific uncertainty and moral risk? (v) What practical strategies can help reduce biases and morally dismissive attitudes toward invertebrates?

Impacts Of Self-Perceived Malocclusion On The Oral Health-Related Quality Of Life Of Young Adults In Malaysia, Mohd Tajudin Zawani

Student Works (2020-2029)

Objectives: To assess the prevalence, severity and extent of impacts of self-perceived malocclusion on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) related to dental aesthetics among young Malaysian adults, to compare between those with and without self-perceived malocclusion and to investigate the influence of demographics on the outcome. Methods: Multi-stage random sampling method was used to recruit 589 subjects from tertiary institutions in Malaysia. Study instruments comprised the Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (AC-IOTN) and Malaysian version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics (PIDA) to measure selfperceived malocclusion and its impacts. Analyses included multifactorial ANOVA …

The Effect Of Flipped Classroom On Intrinsic Motivation And Achievement In Chemical Equilibirum Among Year 11 Pupils, Wei Zhen Yong

Student Works (2020-2029)

Nowadays, lack of motivation has been quoted as one of the leading challenges in chemistry education. In science education, low academic achievement in chemistry is another major problem encountered in secondary school. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of flipped classroom on intrinsic motivation and achievement in chemical equilibrium among Year 11 pupils. This study employed a quasi-experimental non-equivalent pretest-posttest design. Sixty (60) Year 11 secondary school chemistry pupils from two intact classes were assigned to an experimental group (n = 30) and a control group (n = 30). The experimental group students were exposed …

Gradate Catalog, Georgia Southern University

Graduate Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Correlations Between Covid-19 Case Growth And Mental Health-Related Internet Search: An Unexpected Finding, Tenghao (Nick) Zhang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

At the time of writing, the number of global con-firmed COVID-19 cases has topped 18.8 million with over 707,000 deaths (1). The Internet plays a pivotal role during this unprecedented pandemic (2,3) in the way that people predominantly use the Internet to contact each other and acquire information due to sweeping stay-at-home orders and strict lockdown restrictions imposed by au-thorities around the world. Health-related mental health issues could lead to spikes in online infor-mation search (4, 5). Therefore, this letter aims to investigate whether the rise of regional COVID cases is correlated with the increase in residents’ online searches of …

Implementation, Mechanisms Of Impact And Key Contextual Factors Involved In Outcomes Of The Modification Of Diet, Exercise And Lifestyle (Model) Randomised Controlled Trial In Australian Adults: Protocol For A Mixed-Method Process Evaluation, Reindolf Anokye, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, Catherine P. Bondonno, Marc Sim, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Emma Connolly, Nicola P. Bondonno, John T. Schousboe, Richard Woodman, Kun Zhu, Pawel Zhu, Ben Jackson, James Dimmock, Markus P. Schlaich, Kay L. Cox, Douglas P. Kiel, Wai H. Lim, Amanda Devine, Peter L. Thompson, Jenny Gianoudis, Belinda De Ross, Robin M. Daly, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Joshua Lewis, Mandy Stanley

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction

The Modification of Diet, Exercise and Lifestyle (MODEL) study aims to examine the impact of providing visualisation and pictorial representation of advanced structural vascular disease (abdominal aortic calcification), on ‘healthful’ improvements to diet and lifestyle. This paper reports the protocol for the process evaluation for the MODEL study.

Methods and analysis

The overall aim of the process evaluation is to understand the processes that took place during participation in the MODEL study trial and which elements were effective or ineffective for influencing ‘healthful’ behavioural change, and possible ways of improvement to inform wider implementation strategies. A mixed-method approach will …

Hunger For Learning Or Tasting? An Exploratory Study Of Food Tourist Motivations Visiting Food Museum Restaurants, Eerang Park, Sangkyun Kim, Min Xu

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: To allow for accurate and timely diagnosis of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) key stakeholders must be familiar with and be able to identify features of this disorder. No studies to date have investigated the awareness of DCD among key stakeholders in Australia.

Methods: An online survey was complete by 494 Australian participants: primary caregivers (n = 153), teachers (n = 149), allied health professionals (n = 165) and medical professionals (n = 27).

Results: DCD and related terms were among the least known childhood disorders. Approximately half of the sample were familiar with the term DCD but every stakeholder …

I Would Just Want To Leave This World: Women's Experiences Of Domestic Violence In Northern Namibia, Belinda L. Selebano, John D. Matthews

All Works

Background: Domestic violence (DV) is a traumatic experience that is influenced by a complex interplay of intrinsic and extrinsic factors and which exists worldwide. Namibia, located in Southwest Africa, is no exception to this as local media continuously report incidences of physical and sexual violence committed against women throughout the country. Materials and Methods: Using a qualitative design, twelve (N=12) female participants who experienced first-hand the effects of DV provided extensive insights into this phenomenon and its causal factors and offered suggestions as to what can be done to address this issue. Results: The results from this inquiry detail the …

Recoverability Of Large Vs Small Muscle Groups, Jacob Alan Clark

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to assess differences in recovery between muscles with larger cross-sectional area (Quadriceps) compared to muscles with smaller cross-sectional area (Biceps). Recreationally trained male weight lifters aged 18-30 (n = 9) volunteered in this muscle recovery study. All participants were asked to attend two testing sessions in addition to an initial meeting, all of which took no more than 45-mintues per session to complete. After this initial session where the 10 RM in the biceps curl and quadricep extension were determined, participants were scheduled to perform the biceps curl and quad extension for four sets …

Cultural Issues: Treating & Diagnosing Adhd, Noe Ramos, John Lowdermilk

Human Development and School Services Faculty Publications

ADHD refers to a diagnostic category applied to children exhibiting inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Approximately 1.2 to 2 million children are currently diagnosed with ADHD, making ADHD is considered to be the most common child psychiatric diagnosis in the United States. Public schools are constantly faced with the over-representation of students from minority populations in special education. Children with ADHD may be protected by three federal statutes: Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Section 504), the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Part B (IDEA). Given that minorities constitute approximately …

Influence Of The Sources Of Science Teaching Self-Efficacy In Preservice Elementary Teachers’ Identity Development, Deepika Menon

Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this mixed-methods research was to investigate changes in preservice elementary teachers’ science teacher identities and self-efficacy beliefs as they participate in a field-based science methods course. A total of 121 preservice teachers participated, four of which were purposefully selected who held varied initial levels of science content preparedness and confidence to teach. Data sources included pre- and post-course administrations of the Science Teaching Efficacy Belief Instrument-B, an open-ended questionnaire, two semi-structured interviews with selected participants, written teaching reflections, classroom observations, and artifacts. Data analyses included a pre-post repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) design, and the case …

The State Of The Region: Hampton Roads 2020, Dragas Center For Economic Analysis And Policy, Old Dominion University, Vinod Agarwal, Andrew A. Bennett, Barbara Blake, Emily Campion, Ethan Crouson, Steve Daniel, Addie Gregory, Elizabeth Janik, Nikki Johnson, Sheila Keener, James V. Koch, Tim Komarek, Feng Lian, Sharon Lomax, Janet Molinaro, Brendan O' Hallarn, Robert M. Mcnab

State of the Region Reports: Hampton Roads

[From the introductory material]

This is Old Dominion University’s 21st annual State of the Region Report. While it represents the work of many people connected in various ways to the university, the report does not constitute an official viewpoint of Old Dominion, its president, John R. Broderick, the Board of Visitors, the Strome College of Business or the generous donors who support the activities of the Dragas Center for Economic Analysis and Policy.

Although our devotion to this work remains steadfast, our enthusiasm, admittedly, has been dampened by the COVID-19 pandemic and the toll it has taken on the region, …

Laboratory Schools Annual Report, 2019-2020, Laboratory Schools, Illinois State University

Annual Reports – Laboratory Schools

Illinois State University Laboratory Schools annual report

The Viability Of Simulated Large-Scale Marking As Professional Development For Preservice Teachers, Nathanael Reinertsen

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Judging the quality of student work is a core skill of a proficient teacher. This professional competency is often utilised by organisations that run large-scale marking operations when they recruit teachers as markers. These organisations and the teachers themselves often claim that large-scale marking is valuable professional development.

This research aimed to determine whether professional learning outcomes similar to those reported by experienced teachers can be achieved for preservice teachers through participation in a live simulation of a large-scale marking operation. The research was conducted in three phases: an online survey of Australian teachers to establish that reports of benefit …

Geographical Disparities In Screening And Cancer- Related Health Behaviour, Belinda Goodwin, Arlen K. Rowe, Fiona Crawford-Williams, Peter Baade, Suzanne K. Chambers, Nicholas Ralph, Joanne F. Aitken

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study aimed to identify whether cancer-related health behaviours including participation in cancer screening vary by geographic location in Australia. Data were obtained from the 2014–2015 Australian National Health Survey, a computer-assisted telephone interview that measured a range of health-related issues in a sample of randomly selected households. Chi-square tests and adjusted odds ratios from logistic regression models were computed to assess the association between residential location and cancer-related health behaviours including cancer screening participation, alcohol consumption, smoking, exercise, and fruit and vegetable intake, controlling for age, socio-economic status (SES), education, and place of birth. The findings show insufficient exercise, …

Chronic Stress Influences Nociceptive Sensitivity Of Female Rats In An Estrous Cycle-Dependent Manner, Chun-Xiao Yang, Yi Wang, Qi Lu, Yan-Na Lian, Enoch Odame Anto, Ying Zhang, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Exposure to chronic stress can influence nociception and further induce hyperalgesia. Whether stress modulation of pain in female animals occurs in an estrous cycle-specific manner is still unclear. We profiled the changes in nociception (thermal, mechanical, formalin-evoked acute and inflammatory pain) of female Sprague-Dawley rats after treatment with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and investigated whether these changes occur in an estrous cycle-dependent manner. The results showed that CUMS female rats exhibited a lower mechanical withdrawal threshold in proestrus and estrus, a longer formalin-evoked licking time in metestrus and diestrus, but no changes in the latency time on the tail-flick …

Pre-Intermediate Accounting, Natasha Ware

Syllabus Repository

No abstract provided.

Monitoring Wellness, Training Load, And Running Performance During A Major International Female Field Hockey Tournament, Aideen Mcguinness, Gerard Mcmahon, Shane Malone, Darren Kenna, David Passmore, Kieran Collins

Articles

The current observational study quantified players' activity profiles during a major international female field hockey tournament and determined whether an association exists between well-being measures and running performance within elite female hockey players. Elite female field hockey players (23 6 3 years; 162.6 6 13 cm; and 66 6 6 kg) participated in the study. Participants running performance was monitored using global positioning system technology (S5; Catapult Innovations , Scoresby, Victoria, Australia), with daily well-being questionnaires used to quantify player responses during the tournament. Thresholds for the magnitude of the observed change for each variable were determined using the Hopkins …

Advanced Accounting: Acquisitions & Consolidations, Christopher M. Fairchild

Syllabus Repository

No abstract provided.

A Profound Ignorance: Modern Pneumatology And Its Antimodern Redemption [Review] / Radner, Ephraim., Silvia Canale Bacchiocchi

Andrews University Seminary Studies (AUSS)

Book Review

Reading The Bible With Horror [Review] / Grafius, Brandon R., Nathaniel Gibbs

Andrews University Seminary Studies (AUSS)

Book Review

The Later Wittgenstein And Moral Philosophy [Review] / De Mesel, Benjamin., Kenneth Bergland

Andrews University Seminary Studies (AUSS)

Book Review

The Sermon On The Mount And Human Flourishing: A Theological Commentary [Review] / Pennington, Jonathan., Ernest Bursey

Andrews University Seminary Studies (AUSS)

Book Review

Plasma Transferrin And Hemopexin Are Associated With Altered Aβ Uptake And Cognitive Decline In Alzheimer’S Disease Pathology, Azhaar Ashraf, Nicholas J. Ashton, Pratishtha Chatterjee, Kathryn Goozee, Kaikai Shen, Jurgen Fripp, David Ames, Christopher Rowe, Colin L. Masters, Victor Villemagne, Abdul Hye, Ralph N. Martins, Po-Wah So, Aibl

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:Heme and iron homeostasis is perturbed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD); therefore, the aim of the studywas to examine the levels and association of heme with iron-binding plasma proteins in cognitively normal (CN),mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD individuals from the Australian Imaging, Biomarker and Lifestyle FlagshipStudy of Ageing (AIBL) and Kerr Anglican Retirement Village Initiative in Ageing Health (KARVIAH) cohorts.Methods:Non-targeted proteomic analysis by high-resolution mass spectrometry was performed to quantify relativeprotein abundances in plasma samples from 144 CN individuals from the AIBL and 94 CN from KARVIAH cohorts and21 MCI and 25 AD from AIBL cohort. ANCOVA models were utilized …

Examined Lives: The Transformative Power Of Active Interviewing In Narrative Approach, Peter F. Prout, Geoffrey M. Lowe, Christina C. Gray, Sarah Jefferson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

An unexamined life is not worth living Socrates (470-399 BC) In this article I reveal transformative experiences stemming from non-verbal communication in the context of active interviewing in narrative research. Drawing upon my recent experience interviewing positive veteran teachers about the relationships they believe vital in maintaining their passion and enthusiasm for teaching, I explore the unique nature of narrative research in fostering intra-personal transformation. The goal of the article is to highlight transformation as an outcome in narrative research, with particular focus upon non-verbal communication in active interviewing. The article is constructed to examine transformation in thinking and understanding …

Administrative Investigations, Aram A. Gavoor, Steven Platt

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This Article establishes the subject of federal administrative investigations as a new area of study in administrative law. While the literature has addressed investigations by specific agencies and congressional investigations, there is no general account for the trans-substantive constitutional value of administrative investigations. This Article provides such an account by exploring the positive law, agency behaviors, and constraints pertaining to this unresearched field. It concludes with some urgency that the Administrative Procedure Act of 1946—the statute that stands as a bill of rights for the Administrative State—does not serve to regulate administrative investigations and that the Article III courts have …