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Extraction And Analysis Of Data For Fragility Fracture Patients To Help Determine The Likelihood Of Follow-Up With A West Michigan Fragility Fracture Service, Michael Joseph Lamphere

Doctoral Dissertations

Fragility fractures and secondary fractures are a large physical, financial, and emotional drain on the individuals and families affected. Improving post fragility fracture care and increasing follow-up rates with specialty services, such as a fracture liaison service, may promote post-fracture recovery and help prevent future fractures. The purpose of this doctoral project was to increase and improve post osteoporotic fracture care by increasing appropriate referrals and follow-up care. Patient data was retrieved and analyzed on 60 fragility fracture patients referred to a local fracture liaison service. The analysis found that patient gender, fracture site, and history of a previous fracture …

Intermittent Fasting (If) Promotes Longevity Through Alterations Of The Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (Mtor) And The Epigenome, Tayt Boeckholt

Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects

Many studies with a range of subjects from Nematodes to Homo sapiens have found intermittent fasting (IF) to significantly improve the cardiometabolic health of individuals, but how IF promotes longevity through epigenetic modulations remains a sparse understanding throughout the literature. The process of aging may be characterized by a loss of cellular identity sprouted from a disrupted epigenome rich with information for a cell, while also losing the ability to recycle ineffective cellular components. The nutrient-sensing kinase Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) is disrupted during bouts of fasting which allows for the recycling of cellular components through increased autophagy. Furthermore, …

Relationship Between Mental Health And Obesity In The United States, Lexie E. Barnett

2020 Symposium Posters

Rates of obesity have continued to grow in the United States, as well as the rates of mental illness. There appears to be a link between mental health and obesity. Obesity develops from a combination of environmental effects and genetics, both of which can present as heightened risk factors in people with mental illness. Obesity also brings with its higher risks of type two diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which can further affect psychological well-being. It has been discovered that an uneven number of individuals with mental health issues are obese compared to the general population. The research method that was …

Invasive Species Shift Fungal Driven Decomposition In Midwestern Forests, Adam M. Reed

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Midwestern forests are currently impacted by two prominent invaders, Agrilus planipennis and Lonicera maackii. The Ag. planipennis induced loss of Fraxinus spp. trees can facilitate Lo. maackii invasion, which is likely altering microbial driven forest nutrient cycling. To assess these changes in microbial processes, I conducted litter bag and culture-based decomposition experiments using leaf litter from Acer spp., Quercus spp., F. nigra, F. pennsylvanica, Lindera benzoin, and Lo. maackii. For the culture-based decomposition experiment, I inoculated six species of fungi separately onto both single species and multispecies (half Lo. maackii and half native spp.) leaf litter and measured decomposition rate, …

Differences Between Older And Younger Adults With Diagnosed Cardiovascular Disease: An Analysis Of Fels Study Data, Jacqueline Jacobs

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Most deaths in the United States (U.S.) result from complications of chronic diseases and at the heart of the matter is America’s number one killer: cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is culpable for 33% of U.S. deaths, killing more people than all cancers and chronic lower respiratory diseases combined.

Evidence-Based Health Solutions For Challenges Women Face During Pandemics Like Covid-19: A Systematic Review Protocol, Zhaohui Su, Shelly Wagers, Emme Lopez, Lori Ann Terjesen, Jaffar Abbas, Feng Shi, Caifeng Wang, Yuyang Cai

Criminology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Traffic And Our Health, Atteh Akoto

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: The intent of this study is to find a correlation between long commute times, physical health, and mental health. Methods: Data was collected from a publicly available dataset on countyhealthrecords.org. Results: Increased percentage of lone drivers with long commutes and obese adults, positive correlation between long commuters and access to exercise opportunities, and negative correlation between long commuters and poor mental health days.

Cardiovascular Fitness And Muscle Strength In Asthmatic Children, Kaitlynne Pak

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the cardiovascular fitness and muscle strength performance of children with asthma versus without.

Methods: Participants include patients who were involved in the 2012 NHANES National Youth Fitness Survey (NNYFS) as published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The average cardiovascular fitness and muscle strength scores will be appreciated by analyzing the averages of time spent on treadmill, maximal heart rate, heart rate at end of exam, recovery time, maximal endurance time, cardiovascular fitness report, upper body strength and lower body strength using two-tailed T-tests between patients with asthma …

The Impact Of Food Insecurity On Diabetes Prevalence In The Us: A Look At The Northeast And The Midwest, Richard Mensah

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Diabetes is one of the most common chronic conditions globally. Various risk factors have been found to be associated with the incidence of diabetes. These include genetic predispositions, physical activity and diet. However, less attention has been given to the potential risk of food insecurity to diabetes prevalence. Therefore, the goal of this study was to look at the prevalence of food insecurity and diabetes in New York and Ohio, and try to see if a correlation exists between food insecurity and diabetes prevalence in these states.

In our methods, we used the 2019 data from County Health Rankings (CHR) …

Racism In A Broken Special Education System, Andrew P. Johnson

Elementary and Literacy Education Department Publications

This is an excerpt from my book, ‘Essential Learning Theories: The Human Dimension’ published by Rowman and Littlefield in 2021.

Disclaimer: The special education teachers I have had the privilege to work with over the years are making a difference lives of their students. However, they are often trapped in a system that is broken. This system puts limitations on what they are able to accomplish. In this chapter (article), I am referencing this larger system. I am not referencing any particular school, school district, university, or teacher preparation program.

A disability is not disorder or deficit; rather, it is …

Growing Green Minds: Implementation Of A School Garden & Nutrition Program For The Freedom Area School District In Rural Wisconsin, Marissa Schuh

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Most children in the U.S. consume too few fruits and vegetables which is putting them at risk to develop obesity and other lifestyle diseases. The 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends that individuals should increase the amount and variety of fruits and vegetables consumed in order to prevent weight gain and other chronic diseases. Research shows that garden-based educational programs can increase children’s fruit and vegetable intake as well as change their preferences and attitudes towards eating and trying new fruits and vegetables. Incorporating a garden and nutrition curriculum into a school setting is an ideal opportunity to improve children’s …

The Subject-Centered Integrative Learning Model: A New Model For Teaching Occupational Therapy’S Distinct Value, Barb Hooper, Matthew Molineux, Wendy Wood

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

The concept of occupation-centered education has been used to describe what programs do when they infuse occupation throughout an occupational therapy curriculum. In describing occupation-centered education, educators often describe the strategies they use to help students learn occupation, including courses about occupation, direct experience with occupation, cases and questions that connect biomedical sciences and health conditions to occupation, assignments that require students to infuse occupation into therapy, curriculum threads related to occupation, and many others. While each of these strategies is important, no conceptual model exists that defines occupation-centered education, elaborates its concepts and principles, and guides the development of …

Against The "Safety Net", Matthew B. Lawrence

Faculty Articles

Then-Representative Jack Kemp and President Ronald Reagan originated the “safety net” conception of U.S. health and welfare laws in the late 1970s and early 1980s, defending proposed cuts to New Deal and Great Society programs by asserting that such cuts would not take away the “social safety net of programs” for those with “true need.” Legal scholars have adopted their metaphor widely and uncritically. This Article deconstructs the safety net metaphor and counsels against its use in understanding health and welfare laws. The metaphor is descriptively confusing because it means different things to different audiences. Some understand the safety net …

Clinical Outcomes Of Implantoplasty In The Treatment Of Peri-Implantitis: A Systematic Review, Jonghann Chai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Peri-implantitis is a biological complication that possibly occur following the placement of titanium dental implants. Treatments include both non-surgical and surgical modalities. During surgical procedure, several techniques have been introduced to decontaminate the infected implant surface. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of the implantoplasty technique in the treatment of peri-implantitis, by investigating the changes in the clinical and radiographic parameters of peri-implant tissues after treatment and assessing both the short and long-term implant survival following the implantoplasty. A systematic review was conducted by searching electronic online (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE) databases, published between January 2000 …

Effects Of Electrical Stimulation And Methyl Jasmonate Elicitation On Camptothecin Production In Tissue Culture Of Ophiorrhiza Ridleyana, Supakit Pisitpaibool

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This research aimed to enhance plant camptothecin (CPT) production in vitro, 5-month-old Ophiorrhiza ridleyana Craib. The plant cultures were treated with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) solution (0, 20, 50, and 100 µM) dissolved in ethanol, which was applied to the surface of the solid culture medium. The CPT content in the roots, stems, and leaves of the MeJA-elicited tissue-cultured plants at 12 and 24 h after the elicitation was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It was demonstrated that the maximum CPT content in the tissue-cultured plants was achieved after 12 h elicitation with 50 µM MeJA. The average CPT contents …

The Relationship Between Oral Health Literacy And Periodontal Health Status Among The Elderly In Panare, Pattani, Thailand, Panat Piyakhunakorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study aimed to determine the association between oral health literacy (OHL) and periodontal status among Thailand's older population. This cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 July and 30 September 2020 at HPHs in, Panare, Pattani, Thailand. A total of 216 independent living older adults, participated in the study. OHL data were obtained using the Thai version of Health Literacy in Dentistry (HeLD‐Th). Trained interviewers performed face-to-face interviews for oral health-related behaviours information. The periodontal status was collected through intra-oral examination by a calibrated examiner. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 22. Mann–Whitney U tests, Chi-Square tests, and Binary …

Modification Of Cognitive Impairment Screening Tool On Smart Device For Thai Elderly, Pipuchana Phowwiboon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: At present, the number of elderly people is constantly increasing all over the world. Therefore, we need to prepare for this change. Technology is now a vital part of every aspect of life, including health. For this reason, the researchers have developed an application used in the field of health as a tool to assist in assessing dementia in the elders. It is quick to combine the scores and record the elders' information, which is likely to benefit healthcare workers. Objective: To determine the construct validity of modification of cognitive impairment screening tool on smart devices compared with the …

Fabrication And Characterization Of Bacterial Cellulose-Chitosan/Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel Scaffolds For Application In Cartilage Tissue Engineering, Phasuwit Phassorn Phatchayawat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Biopolymers of bacterial cellulose (BC), chitosan (C), alginate (A) and gelatin (G) were combined to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel composite scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. The bacterial cellulose-chitosan/alginate/gelatin (BCC-AG) hydrogel scaffolds were characterized for chemical property by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic analysis, morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mechanical properties, degradability, biocompatibility and potential application in cartilage tissue engineering. Results from Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy showed some weak interactions among BC, chitosan, alginate and gelatin, but no chemical interaction between those biopolymers was observed. The morphology of BCC-AG hydrogel scaffolds under SEM observation revealed that alginate and gelatin …

Vestibular Function And Sports-Related Concussion: An Exploratory Investigation Of The Consequences Of Sports Related Concussion On Vestibular Function And Outcomes, Carolina Quintana

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Sports-related concussions (SRC), or mild traumatic brain injuries that occur as a result of sports or athletic participation, are said to affect approximately 300,000 young adults and 1.4 million youth athletes in the United States on an annual basis. SRC create a significant burden on the health care system by generating an estimated $60 billion dollars in direct and indirect costs in 2000. In addition to the financial burden these injuries create, they additionally impose both short- and long-term effects for those effected and their overall health. Among the many effects of concussions are physical signs as symptoms such as …

Determining The Role Of Satellite Cells During Skeletal Muscle Adaptation, Davis A. Englund

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Physical inactivity, advancing age, limb immobilization, degenerative diseases and various systemic diseases (many cancers, sepsis, HIV, COPD, kidney disease) all lead to skeletal muscle wasting. The loss of muscle mass is of major clinical importance because it leads to an increased risk for morbidity, disability, and the loss of independence; collectively contributing to a substantive increase in healthcare utilization and cost. The prevalence of cachexia (disease-induced muscle wasting) can reach as high as 80% in certain patient populations and the average cost per hospital stay is $4,641 more than in non-cachectic patients. Direct healthcare costs attributable to sarcopenia were estimated …

Behavior Change Techniques To Promote Smoking Cessation During Pregnancy: A Theory-Based Meta-Analysis, Caroline A. Orr

Theses and Dissertations

Despite significant progress, smoking during pregnancy remains one of the leading preventable causes of adverse fetal and maternal health outcomes. Using the current best practice standard of psychosocial counseling, only about one out of every 20 pregnant women quits smoking, and relapse rates are very high. Developing more effective interventions to promote smoking cessation during pregnancy is a critical public health priority that requires a thorough understanding of behavior change and its complex pathways and determinants. As such, the purpose of this three-part study was to conduct the first systematic theory-based evidence synthesis of smoking cessation interventions during pregnancy, and …

Maternal Depression And Breastfeeding In Home Visitation, Francesca A. Scheiber, Lisa S. Segre, Michael W. O'Hara, Darby Taylor, Rebecca L. Brock

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Background: Home visitation is a popular mechanism for supporting parents and their young children. Breastfeeding is often promoted by home visitors due to its health benefits. However, maternal depression may interfere with breastfeeding. Thus, home visitors may be attempting to encourage health-promoting behaviors like breastfeeding, but maternal depression may interfere with engagement in those behaviors. Method: The data for this study were provided by the Des Moines Healthy Start and the Empowerment Family Support Project (DMHSP). We analyzed the relation between depression and breastfeeding for 364 women. Results: First, rates of elevated depression scores in this sample of women (8.7%–21.4% …

Lessons From The Prekindergarten Movement, Clare Huntington

Faculty Scholarship

I am deeply grateful for the ambition of Nancy Dowd’s book, Reimagining Equality. Professor Dowd offers a powerful and essential vision for addressing the entrenched inequalities that pervade our society. And she is unapologetic about the breadth and depth of change needed to achieve this vision. I do not want to distract from her inspiring call for a New Deal for Children by introducing questions about political feasibility, but thinking about what is possible in the here and now is a useful place to begin the conversation about systemic change.

So, what is possible in this era of Trump? …

Covid-19 And First Nations’ Responses, Aimée Craft, Deborah Mcgregor, Jeffery G. Hewitt

Articles & Book Chapters

This chapter considers the federal government’s fettering of jurisdiction through inaction in the areas of clean water and housing. We consider a small sample of First Nations’ responses, taken on the basis of their assertions of jurisdiction and responses to the particular needs and circumstances of their communities. We conclude that First Nations are best positioned to make policy and law in response to COVID-19, and that the federal government can and must work with First Nations communities on resourcing their plans for wellness and emergency preparedness in relation to the pandemic, in accordance with a sui generis application of …

Carbon Amendments Influence Composition And Functional Capacities Of Indigenous Soil Microbiomes, José Pablo Dundore-Arias, Sarah C. Castle, Laura Felice, Ruth Dill-Macky, Linda L. Kinkel

Biology, Agriculture and Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Soil nutrient amendments are recognized for their potential to improve microbial activity and biomass in the soil. However, the specific selective impacts of carbon amendments on indigenous microbiomes and their metabolic functions in agricultural soils remain poorly understood. We investigated the changes in soil chemical characteristics and phenotypes of Streptomyces communities following carbon amendments to soil. Mesocosms were established with soil from two field sites varying in soil organic matter content (low organic matter, LOM; high organic matter, HOM), that were amended at intervals over nine months with low or high dose solutions of glucose, fructose, malic acid, a mixture …

Covid-19 And Lgbt Rights, Suzanne B. Goldberg

Faculty Scholarship

Even in the best of times, LGBT individuals have legal vulnerabilities in employment, housing, healthcare and other domains resulting from a combination of persistent bias and uneven protection against discrimination. In this time of COVID-19, these vulnerabilities combine to amplify both the legal and health risks that LGBT people face.

This essay focuses on several risks that are particularly linked to being lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender, with the recognition that these vulnerabilities are often intensified by discrimination based on race, ethnicity, age, disability, immigration status and other aspects of identity. Topics include: 1) federal withdrawal of antidiscrimination protections; 2) …

Federal Legislative And Administrative Framework, John C. Dernbach, Michael B. Gerrard

Faculty Scholarship

Achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2050 will necessitate significant changes to most of America’s physical assets, from its power generation and transmission infrastructure to its buildings, vehicles, factories, forests and farms. These broad changes will need to address all four pillars of deep decarbonization – electricity decarbonization, energy efficiency and conservation, electrification of transportation and buildings, and carbon capture – supplemented by significant reductions in emissions of non-CO₂ pollutants. Such comprehensive change will necessitate the coordinated action of most of the departments of the Federal Government, from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Department of Energy (DOE) to Department of …

Using Seafood Traceability To Teach The Complexities Of Natural Resource Management And Sustainability, Kelvin D. Gorospe, Lauren I. Josephs, Austin T. Humphries

Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences Faculty Publications

This lesson plan addresses the challenge of conveying to students the globalized nature and complexity of natural resource management. Specifically, it uses seafood traceability, or the ability to track seafood as it moves through the global seafood supply chain, as a theme for understanding the potential for science and technological innovations to enable traceability as well as the different roles that various stakeholders play in ensuring fisheries sustainability. The lesson plan conveys several themes related to environmental sustainability including: the role of consumer empowerment, the importance of data and information sharing, the need to coordinate multiple stakeholders, and the intersection …

Responses To Environmentally Relevant Microplastics Are Species-Specific With Dietary Habit As A Potential Sensitivity Indicator, Coleen Suckling

Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences Faculty Publications

There is a lack of information on understanding how marine organisms respond to environmentally relevant microplastics (MP) which hampers decision making for waste management strategies. This study addresses this information gap by determining whether responses to MPs are species specific within a functional group. Benthic residing sea urchins, Psammechinus miliaris and Paracentrotus lividuswere used as a case study. Psammechinus miliaris are strong omnivores with dietary intake including hard components (e.g. shell, tubeworms) and therefore likely to cope with the ingestion of MPs, while P. lividus are strong herbivores consuming softer dietary items (e.g. biofilms, algae) and therefore more likely …

Efficacy Of Hard Hats In Attenuating Head Accelerations: A Combined Experimental And Computational Investigation, Arthur Aloisio Alves Dos Santos

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Struck-by accidents are a leading cause of traumatic brain injuries in the construction industry. While hard hats are the conventional means of industrial head protection, the current test standard to evaluate hard hat performance does not assess their ability to mitigate head accelerations from such impacts. To address this gap in knowledge, three investigations were pursued as part of this thesis. First, a variety of commercially available hard-hat designs – differentiated by shell design, number of suspension points, and suspension tightening system – were tested for their ability to attenuate accelerations during vertical impacts to the head. All hard-hats appreciably …