Digital Commons Network^™

Comparative Safety And Effectiveness Of Vedolizumab To Tumour Necrosis Factor Antagonist Therapy For Crohn's Disease, M. Bohm, R. Xu, Y. Zhang, S. Varma, M. Fischer, G. Kochhar, B. Boland, S. Singh, A. Swaminath, S. Chablaney, +26 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2020 The Authors. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Background: Direct comparisons are lacking between vedolizumab and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-antagonist therapy in Crohn's disease (CD). Aim: To compare safety and effectiveness of vedolizumab and TNF-antagonist therapy in adult CD patients. Methods: Retrospective observational cohort (May 2014–December 2017) propensity score-weighted comparison of vedolizumab vs TNF-antagonist therapy (infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab) in CD. Propensity scores were weighted for age, prior treatments, disease complications, extent and severity, steroid dependence, and concomitant immunosuppressive drug use. The primary outcome was comparative risk for infections or non-infectious serious adverse events …

A Primer On A Comprehensive Genetic Approach To Vascular Anomalies, A. J. Borst, T. A. Nakano, F. Blei, D. M. Adams, J. Duis

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Gut Microbiota-Derived Indole 3-Propionic Acid Protects Against Radiation Toxicity Via Retaining Acyl-Coa-Binding Protein, H. W. Xiao, M. Cui, Y. Li, J. L. Dong, S. Q. Zhang, C. C. Zhu, M. Jiang, T. Zhu, H. C. Wang, S. J. Fan, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

© 2020 The Author(s). Background: We have proved fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an efficacious remedy to mitigate acute radiation syndrome (ARS); however, the mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. Here, we aimed to tease apart the gut microbiota-produced metabolites, underpin the therapeutic effects of FMT to radiation injuries, and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Results: FMT elevated the level of microbial-derived indole 3-propionic acid (IPA) in fecal pellets from irradiated mice. IPA replenishment via oral route attenuated hematopoietic system and gastrointestinal (GI) tract injuries intertwined with radiation exposure without precipitating tumor growth in male and female mice. Specifically, IPA-treated mice represented …

Covid-19 And Thrombotic Or Thromboembolic Disease: Implications For Prevention, Antithrombotic Therapy, And Follow-Up: Jacc State-Of-The-Art Review, B. Bikdeli, M. V. Madhavan, D. Jimenez, T. Chuich, I. Dreyfus, E. Driggin, C. D. Nigoghossian, W. Ageno, A. C. Spyropoulos, G. Y. Lip, +10 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2020 American College of Cardiology Foundation Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), a viral respiratory illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), may predispose patients to thrombotic disease, both in the venous and arterial circulations, because of excessive inflammation, platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, and stasis. In addition, many patients receiving antithrombotic therapy for thrombotic disease may develop COVID-19, which can have implications for choice, dosing, and laboratory monitoring of antithrombotic therapy. Moreover, during a time with much focus on COVID-19, it is critical to consider how to optimize the available technology to care for patients without COVID-19 who have thrombotic …

Comparison Of Anticarcinogenic Properties Of Viburnum Opulus And Its Active Compound P-Coumaric Acid On Human Colorectal Carcinoma, Serdar Karakurt, Gülsüm Abuşoğlu, Zeki̇ye Ceren Arituluk

Turkish Journal of Biology

Resistance to therapeutic agents and the highly toxic side effects of synthetic drugs has spurred new research in the treatment of colon cancer, which has high morbidity and mortality ratios. This study aims to clarify the molecular mechanisms of the anticarcinogenic properties of methanol extract of Viburnum opulus L. (EVO)and its main active compound, trans-p-coumaric acid (p-CA), on human colon cancer cells (DLD-1, HT-29, SW-620, Caco-2) and healthy colon epithelial cells (CCD-18Co). The effects of EVO on controlled cell death (apoptosis) and the cell division cycle were determined by flow cytometry. Alteration in mRNA and protein expressions of switch genes …

Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Induces Apoptosis In Colorectal Cancer Cells Via Inhibition Of Survivin, Ceren Sari, Ceren Sümer, Fi̇gen Celep Eyüpoğlu

Turkish Journal of Biology

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. Drug resistance and drug-induced damage of healthy tissues are major obstacles in cancer treatment. Therefore, to develop efficient anticancer therapy, it is necessary to find compounds that affect tumor cells, but do not exhibit toxicity to healthy cells. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) has been demonstrated to have anticancer properties in many types of cancer. In this study, the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of CAPE on the RKO colorectal cancer cell line and CCD 841-CoN normal colorectal cell line was investigated. In addition, changes in the survivin expression were …

Anxiolytic, Antioxidant, And Neuroprotective Effects Of Goji Berry Polysaccharides In Ovariectomized Rats: Experimental Evidence From Behavioral, Biochemical, And Immunohistochemical Analyses, Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş, Hami̇t Coşkun, Hayri̇ye Soytürk, Bi̇hter Gökçe Bozat

Turkish Journal of Biology

Recent studies have indicated that polysaccharides, the main component of the Lycium barbarum L. fruit, have beneficial effects (e.g., anxiolytic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective) on humans and rodents. However, the effects of different dosages of such polysaccharides on ovariectomized rats and their underlying mechanisms in the brain have not been evaluated in the literature. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of the high and low doses of polysaccharides obtained from Lycium barbarum fruits (HD-LBP and LD-LBP, respectively) on anxious behaviors via behavioral (using the OFT and EPM), biochemical (using ELISA), and immunohistochemical (using immunohistochemical staining) measures in detail. Two weeks …

Gut-Lung Axis And Dysbiosis In Covid-19, Büşra Aktaş, Belma Aslim

Turkish Journal of Biology

COVID-19, a novel infectious disease, caused by SARS-CoV-2, affected millions of people around the world with a high mortality rate. Although SARS-CoV-2 mainly causes lung infection, gastrointestinal symptoms described in COVID-19 patients and detection of the viral RNA in feces of infected patients drove attentions to a possible fecal-oral transmission route of SARS-CoV-2. However, not only the viral RNA but also the infectious viral particles are required for the viral infection and no proof has been demonstrated the transmission of the infectious virus particles via the fecal-oral route yet. Growing evidence indicates the crosstalk between gut microbiota and lung, that …

#Realcollege During The Pandemic: New Evidence On Basic Needs Insecurity And Student Well-Being, Sara Goldrick-Rab, Vanessa Coca, Gregory Kienzl, Carrie R. Welton, Sonja Dahl, Sarah Magnelia, Sarah Magnelia

Rebuilding the Launchpad: Serving Students During Covid Resource Library

In March 2020, the coronavirus pandemic struck American higher education. Colleges closed campuses, students lost jobs, and emergency resources failed to meet the demands caused by the crisis. This report examines the pandemic’s impact on students, from their basic needs security to their well-being, as indicated by employment status, academic engagement, and mental health.

Age-Specific Life Tables Of Aonidiella Aurantii (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) And Itsparasitoid Aphytis Melinus Debach (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Khalid Mohammed, İsmai̇l Karaca, Manjree Agarwal, James Newman, Yonglin Ren

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Biological parameters of the California red scale (Aonidiella aurantii [Maskell] [Hemiptera: Diaspididae]) were determined under laboratory conditions at 3 different temperatures (20, 23, and 27 °C) on butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Lamarck) (Cucurbitaceae), while the biological parameters of its parasitoid Aphytis melinus DeBach (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) were conducted at 27 °C. The survival of A.a aurantii ranged between 80.0% and 88.3%. The highest mortality was recorded during the adult stage, with mortalities ranging between 12% and 20%. On C. moschata, the total development time was 93.1 ± 9.73, 81.8 ± 7.13, and 65.7 ± 6.37 days, while the adult …

The Effect Of Hot Water, 1-Mcp, And Lovastatin On Fresh-Cut Apples After Long-Termcontrolled Atmosphere Storage, Mehmet Ali̇ Koyuncu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This research was carried out over two years to determine the quality changes in fresh-cut apple slices processed after hot water, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), and lovastatin treatments followed by controlled atmosphere (CA) storage. Apples harvested at the optimum stage were immediately transferred to the postharvest laboratory by a refrigerated vehicle. Intact apples were exposed to three treatments: dipping into hot water (50 °C for 60 s), treating with lovastatin (1.25 mmol L-1), and treating with 1-MCP (1 µL L-1). Treated apples and the control group were stored in CA storage (2% O2 + 2% CO2 ) for 10 months. After long-term …

Length-Weight Relationships And Condition Factor Of Five Endemic Fish Species Fromnandu And Wanquan Rivers In Hainan Island, China, Zhice Liang, Xingwei Cai

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Length-weight relationships (LWRs), length-length relationships (LLRs), and condition factor were estimated for Puntius semifasciolatus (Günther, 1868), Acrossocheilus iridescens (Nichols and Pope, 1927), Plesiomyzon baotingensis (Zheng and Chen, 1980), Hemibagrus hainanensis (Tchang, 1935) and Glyptothorax hainanensis (Nichols and Pope, 1927) obtained from Nandu and Wanquan Rivers in Hainan Island during June 2017 to April 2019. Fish samples were collected by a combination of methods including multinet gillnets (20 m in length, 1.5 m in height, there monofilament panels of mesh sizes: 1.0, 6.0, 12.5 cm), benthic large bag nets (5 meters long, stretching mesh size: 0.5 cm). The LWRs and LLRs …

Dna Damage, Oxidative Stress, Decreased Viability And Motility In Common Carp (Cyprinuscarpio L.) Spermatozoa Induced By Tryptophan, Phenylalanine And Cysteine Amino Acids During Short-Term Storage, Mahi̇r Kanyilmaz, Burak Evren İnanan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Free amino acids are found in spermatozoa and seminal plasma. Their qualitative and quantitative presence have been affected by many factors. Under in vitro storage conditions, their effects on spermatozoa in animal species and also human have been concerned over the last decades. In this study, the effects of tryptophan, phenylalanine and cysteine on DNA integrity, lipid peroxidation, viability and motility parameters in spermatozoa of the common carp (Cyprinuscarpio) were assessed during short-term storage. Spermatozoa were incubated at 1, 5, 25, and 50 mM of these amino acids in vitro at 4 °C in a time?dependent manner (6, 24, and …

The Effect Of Grazing By Geese, Goats, And Fallow Deer On Soil Mites (Acari), Sylwiusz Pacek, Anna Seniczak, Radomir Graczyk, Boguslaw Chachaj, Barbara Waldon-Rudzionek

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The study investigated the effects of grazing by geese, goats, and fallow deer on soil mites. It included a total of 360 samples collected in the spring, summer, and autumn of 2016 and 2017 in north-central Poland. Study plots were situated in three pastures grazed by geese, goats, and fallow deer, and three meadows near the pastures served as controls. All study plots were fenced. In total 22,561 mites (Acari) were obtained, including 15,641 Oribatida (69.3%), 4926 Mesostigmata (21.8%), and 1994 other mites (8.9%). Only the abundance of Oribatida (therefore, also total Acari) differed significantly in pastures grazed by different …

Investigation Of Protective Effects Of Lithium Borate On Spermatogenesis And Testes Histopathology Against Cadmium-Induced Acute Toxicity In Rats, Serkan Yildirim, Fati̇h Çağlar Çeli̇kezen, Saadet Belhan, Gökhan Oto, Gi̇zem Eser, Emi̇n Şengül, Dursunali̇ Çinar

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, protective effects of lithium borate (LTB) on spermatogenesis as well as histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of testes in experimentally induced acute Cadmium (Cd) toxicity in rats were determined. Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats, were used, weighing 200-220 g. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control, Cd, LTB, and LTB + Cd. Rats were anesthetized with ketamine at the end of the sixth day, blood was taken from their hearts, and the rats were decapitated. Typically, the control and LTB groups exhibited similar values. Compared with those observed for the control group, the sperm morphology (i.e. abnormal …

The Effects Of Feeding Obese Rats With Bee Bread On Leptin And Ghrelin Expression, Züleyha Doğanyi̇ği̇t, Bi̇rkan Yakan, Meltem Soylu, Emi̇n Kaymak, Si̇bel Si̇li̇ci̇

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Obesity is an important public health problem and a risk factor for many chronic diseases, and its prevalence is increasing rapidly. In recent years there has been interest in the impact of nutrients on obesity and this has been addressed as a research topic. Bee bread is a bee product that has recently attracted attention with its macro- and micronutrients and the enzymes and biocomponents it contains. Although there are many studies on the biological properties and effects of bee bread, its effect on obesity with leptin and ghrelin has not been investigated. In this study, 40 Sprague-Dawley adult female …

Nonpharmacological Treatment Options For Alzheimer's Disease: From Animal Testing Toclinical Studies, Hasan Türkez, Mehmet Enes Arslan, Antonio Di Stefano, Ivana Cacciatore, Adi̇l Mardi̇noğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Despite extensive pharmacological approaches, there is no curative therapy for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) or other types of dementias. While current pharmacological options alleviate some symptoms of AD, they can lead to various adverse effects. Hence, nonpharmacological treatment options for AD are often considered with the assumption that they are safe, effective, and economic in managing patients. Furthermore, studies on animal models have suggested that environmental exposures like diet, music, or rewardrelated actions can stimulate neuronal regeneration and differentiation without using any pharmacological factors. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of nonpharmacological treatment options for the management …

Mir-331 Negatively Regulates Thyroglobulin Secretion Via Erp29, Kyungmin Moon, Eun Ryeong Lee, Junghae Kim, Kisang Kwon, Oyu Kwon

Turkish Journal of Zoology

We investigated the effect of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein 29 (ERp29) on thyroglobulin (Tg) secretion and its negative regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs). ERp29 overexpression promoted Tg secretion from thyrocytes of PCCL3 cells via activation of ER stress sensors, including activation of transcription factor 6 fragmentation, XBP1 mRNA splicing by inositol-requiring enzyme 1, and phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha as downstream actions of RNA-dependent protein kinase-like ER kinase. Thyroid hormone receptor beta is a target gene of mir-331, one of the most abundant miRNAs observed in ERp29-overexpressing cells. mir-331 negatively regulated Tg expression and secretion by ~70% compared with …

Vertebrate Insulin Alters The Expression Profile Of Steroid Hormone Ecdysone Receptorcomplex Components And Autophagy-Related Genes In The Pupal Fat Body Of The Silkworm, Bombyx Mori, Sedat Yelkovan, Nesri̇n Ebru Göncü

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Various studies have shown that the insulin-like peptides present in insects and investigation of their possible effects on insect physiology have significance for clarifying the evolutionary developmental period of insulin. The insect fat body is an organ analog to vertebrate adipose tissue and liver. In insects which do not have feeding activity during pupal and adult stages such as Bombyx mori, substances and energy required for continuation of life and development of tissues and organs are provided by the fat body via the autophagy process. In this study, we aimed to analyze the action of mammalian insulin in Bombyx pupae …

A Comparative Evaluation Of Hematological And Biochemical Parameters Between Theitalian Mullet Mugil Cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) And The Turkish Mullet Chelon Auratus (Risso 1810), Francesco Fazio, Concetta Saoca, Ümi̇t Acar, Ri̇fat Tezel, Murat Çeli̇k, Sevdan Yilmaz, Osman Sabri̇ Kesbi̇ç, Ferhat Yalgin, Murat Yi̇ği̇t

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study aimed to carry out a comparative evaluation of the hematological profile (erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and Wintrobe index parameters such as mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration), in addition to certain biochemical parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, serum total protein, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides), in the Italian mullet Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) and the Turkish mullet Chelon auratus (Risso 1810). Accordingly, two groups of fish were used in this study: 30 flathead grey mullets, M. cephalus, caught in Lake Faro, Italy, and 30 golden grey mullets, …

Annual Report 2020: Community Benefit, Lehigh Valley Health Network

LVHN Annual & Statistical Reports

No abstract provided.

Cultural Competence In Dysphagia Treatment, Marni Cary Altman

ETD Archive

BACKGROUND: Dysphagia is a swallowing impairment which effects all aspects of a person’s life. Clinicians who are more culturally competent may be better prepared to treat the effects of dysphagia on the patient’s overall quality of life to provide better treatment outcomes. PURPOSE: This is a qualitative study aimed at discovering the ways in which clinicians take client culture into account when developing assessment and treatment protocols for dysphagic clients. METHODS: Participants were recruited through a directory on the American Speech-Language Hearing Association website. Participants were sent a survey with questions in the domains of knowledge, skills, comfort, attitudes and …

Reducing Medication Risks In Older Adult Drinkers, Faika Zanjani, Nancy Schoenberg, Catherine Martin, Richard Clayton

Gerontology Publications

Objectives: Prevalent concomitant alcohol and medication use among older adults is placing this group at risk for adverse health events. Given limited existing interventions to address concomitant alcohol and medication risk (AMR), a brief educational intervention was demonstrated. The purpose of the current study was to examine change in AMR behaviors 3 months post-education among older adult drinkers.

Methods: A convenience sample of 58 older adult drinkers (mean age = 72) was recruited and followed (n = 40; 70% at follow-up), from four pharmacies in rural Virginia.

Results: Findings indicated decreased alcohol consumption in high-risk drinkers.

Conclusion: Future research …

A Multifaceted Approach To Address Food Insecurity In Urban Dwelling Older Adults, Ana Diallo, Katherine Falls

Case Studies from Age in Action

Educational Objectives

1. Identify and discuss concepts of food insecurity as a social determinant of health in older adults.

2. Explain the health benefits of participation in a nutrition initiative, Healthy Meals Program, to address food insecurity among low-income older adults living in an urban food desert.

3. Describe the use of motivational interviewing and goal setting techniques for nutrition-related behavior in the management of chronic disease.

4. Summarize the lessons learned and implications for clinical practice.

The Health Empowerment Program: A Primary Care – Area Agency On Aging Partnership, Daniel Bluestein, Brad Lazernick, Britt Gnilka

Case Studies from Age in Action

Educational Objectives

1. Appreciate the benefits of a primary care-area agency on aging collaboration.

2. Identify strategies for enhancing this cross-organizational partnership.

Utility Of Non-Invasive Testing For Fibrosis Assessment In Patients With End Stage Renal Disease, Nikita Chadha Do, Taseen Syed Mbbs, Richard K. Sterling Md, Msc

Graduate Medical Education (GME) Resident and Fellow Research Day Posters

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk factors including metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components obesity (BMI ≥ 30), diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and dyslipidemia (DL), has an increased prevalence in end stage renal disease (ESRD). The goal of study was to assess utility of non-invasive testing (NIT) including transient elastography (TE) for liver stiffness (LS), controlled attenuated parameter (CAP) for steatosis, Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), AST to platelet ratio (APRI) and NAFLD Fibrosis score (NFS), for assessment of NAFLD in patients with ESRD undergoing renal transplant (RT) evaluation.

Methods: Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected within 12 weeks of …

Quiet A Puzzle: A Case Report Of 15 Year Old Female With Severe Anemia Due To Scurvy, Shaikha Alqahtani, Wang Zhihong

Graduate Medical Education (GME) Resident and Fellow Research Day Posters

Scurvy is historically thought of a disease affecting sailors in the seventeenth century. Vitamin C deficiency is rare in the developed world. It is mainly found in patients with poor nutrition and specifically those with developmental delay. The spectrum of scurvy is varied and includes dermatological, dental, bone and systemic manifestations. We present to you a case of a 15 year old female with a history of trisomy 21 presenting with severe anemia as a direct cause of vitamin C deficiency.

She presented with a one month history of progressive bilateral lower extremity bruising and inability to walk. Physical exam …

Computational Modeling Of The Human Microbiome, Shomeek Chowdhury, Stephen S. Fong

Chemical and Life Science Engineering Publications

The impact of microorganisms on human health has long been acknowledged and studied, but recent advances in research methodologies have enabled a new systems-level perspective on the collections of microorganisms associated with humans, the human microbiome. Large-scale collaborative efforts such as the NIH Human Microbiome Project have sought to kick-start research on the human microbiome by providing foundational information on microbial composition based upon specific sites across the human body. Here, we focus on the four main anatomical sites of the human microbiome: gut, oral, skin, and vaginal, and provide information on site-specific background, experimental data, and computational modeling. Each …

A “Behind-The-Scenes” Look At Interprofessional Care Coordination: How Person-Centered Care In Safety-Net Health System Complex Care Clinics Produce Better Outcomes, E. Marshall Brooks, Jodi M. Winship, Anton J. Kuzel

Family Medicine and Population Health Publications

Introduction: While the effectiveness of team-based care and wrap-around services for high utilizers is clear, how complex care clinics deliver effective, person-centered care to these vulnerable populations is not well understood. This paper describes how interactions among interprofessional team members enabled individualized, rapid responses to the complex needs of vulnerable patients at the Virginia Commonwealth University Health System’s Complex Care Clinic.

Methods: Researchers attended twenty weekly care coordination meetings, audio-recorded the proceedings, and wrote brief observational field notes. Researchers also qualitatively interviewed ten clinic team members. Emergent coding based on grounded theory and a consensus process were used to identify …

Maternal Diabetes And Obesity Influence The Fetal Epigenome In A Largely Hispanic Population, Heather E. Rizzo, E. N. Escaname, Nicholas B. Alana, E. Lavender, J. Gelfond, R. Fernandez, Matthew A. Hibbs, Jonathan M. King, N. R. Carr, C. L. Blanco

Biology Faculty Research

BACKGROUND:

Obesity and diabetes mellitus are directly implicated in many adverse health consequences in adults as well as in the offspring of obese and diabetic mothers. Hispanic Americans are particularly at risk for obesity, diabetes, and end-stage renal disease. Maternal obesity and/or diabetes through prenatal programming may alter the fetal epigenome increasing the risk of metabolic disease in their offspring. The aims of this study were to determine if maternal obesity or diabetes mellitus during pregnancy results in a change in infant methylation of CpG islands adjacent to targeted genes specific for obesity or diabetes disease pathways in a largely …