Digital Commons Network^™

Detection And Quantification Of Bacterial Species Important To Mental And Physical Health, David G. Leonard

Theses and Dissertations

The human gut microbiome contains an abundance of microorganisms which could influence mental health as well as physical health. These microorganisms produce chemicals which affect the brain and the body in various ways. Probiotic bacteria and yeasts have been studied to determine effects they have on mice, rats, and humans to illustrate the importance these microorganisms on health. Studies have shown that adding beneficial microorganisms to the human diet can have positive effects on mental and physical health, to include lessening symptoms of depression and anxiety, lessen gastrointestinal inflammation, displacing pathogens, and improving immunomodulatory response. A quantitative way to identify …

The Effect Of Aeration Rate And Free-Floating Carrier Media On The Emission Of Bacillus Globigii In Bioaerosols, Andrew J. Owens

Theses and Dissertations

Aerosols produced by turbulent mechanical mixing and bubble aeration at Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTPs) become bioaerosols with the entrainment of biological materials. Bioaerosols become a public health risk when human pathogens are present. This study evaluated bioaerosols containing Bacillus globigii (BG) spores, and the effects that aeration rate and the addition of Free-Floating Carrier Media (FFCM) had on the amount of BG spores collected following aerosolization. A series of laboratory-scale experiments investigated two different sizes of floating polystyrene spheres as FFCM and four different aeration rates. When the differences in compared aeration rates were sufficiently large, a positive correlation …

Examining Healthy Community Design Characteristics And Its Influence On Physical Health, Alvin T. Yip

Theses and Dissertations

Current trends in obesity rates associated with the community layout constitutes research towards understanding the interaction between the two in order to improve the public's physical health. Successes in healthy community planning studies for the public can be harnessed and implemented within the microcosm of military bases to yield similar results. Four factors were recognized through an in-depth academic literature review that showed positive influence on physical health and physical activity. They are access to green space, highly connected pedestrian and bicycle networks, access to public transportation, and integrated mixed land use. The four healthy planning strategies formed the necessary …

Oxidative Stress And Male Infertility: A Cross Sectional Study, Rehana Rehman, Sofia Amjad, Hemaila Tariq, Nida Zahid, Masnoon Akhter, Mussarat Ashraf

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To compare stress markers and antioxidants in fertile and infertile males, and to explore their effects on reproductive hormones and fertility.
Methods: The cross-sectional case-control study was conducted from July 2017 to July 2018 at the Islamabad Clinic Serving Infertile Couples, Islamabad, Pakistan, and comprised male subjects aged 25-55 years. Infertile subjects were the cases, while healthy fertile males acted as the controls. Stress hormones cortisol and adrenaline and antioxidants glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.
Results: Of the 376 subjects, 241(64%) were cases and 135(36%) were controls. …

Experimental Approaches In Development And Poverty Alleviation, Yana Van Der Meulen Rodgers, Anthony J. Bebbington, Catherine Boone, Jampel Dell'angelo, Jean Philippe Platteau, Arun Agrawal

Geography

This inaugural World Development Symposium on Development and Poverty Alleviation brings together contributions from a range of disciplines, scholars, practitioners, and countries to mark the recognition of Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer (BDK) through the 2019 Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. Contributors examine how BDK's work has changed the methods and study of Development Economics, and their extended impact in other social science and interdisciplinary fields. Although experimental evaluation has had a profound impact on the conduct of much research and policy making, further development of RCT approaches, and collaboration across methods …

Odpowiedzialność Przebijająca W Ramach Private Enforcement, Mateusz Dąbroś

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

W ramach private enforcement of competition law szczególnego znaczenia nabiera kwestia odpowiedzialności przebijającej, a zatem możliwości pociągnięcia do odpowiedzialności podmiotu niebędącego bezpośrednim sprawcą naruszenia. Zgodnie z tezą wyroku TSUE w sprawie Skanska, sądy cywilne orzekające w sprawach o naprawienie szkody z tytułu naruszenia prawa konkurencji winny rozumieć pojęcie „przedsiębiorstwa” zgodnie art. 101 TFUE oraz z jego ugruntowaną wykładnią dokonaną przez Trybunał, co może oznaczać przyjęcie także w ramach prawa prywatnego doktryny ekonomicznej sukcesji (ciągłości gospodarczej) oraz koncepcji jednolitego organizmu gospodarczego. Poszczególne kraje członkowskie, takie jak Hiszpania czy Portugalia, przyjęły już stosowne regulacje prawne dotyczące omawianego zagadnienia. W innych krajach materia …

Mainstreaming Nutrition Services: Stabilization Centers And Outpatient Therapeutic Program Centers, Ashar Muhammad Malik

Community Health Sciences

No abstract provided.

Estimating Residential Water Demand In A Relocation Area With Inadequate Piped Water System, Rosalina Palanca-Tan

Economics Department Faculty Publications

This paper assesses household water demand and estimates a demand equation particularly for low-income households in the Philippines. The study uses survey data on the value and volume of household water purchases from different water providers in a government resettlement area. The paper provides empirical evidence on the impact of average water price on household water consumption, as well as the effects of household income and size on household water consumption. The study finds that households buying water from jetmatic pump wells and water tankers pay more than five times that of those served by the piped water system. This …

Refusal Bias In Hiv Data From The Demographic And Health Surveys: Evaluation, Critique And Recommendations, Oyelola A. Adegboye, Tomoki Fujii, Denis H. Y. Leung

Research Collection School Of Economics

Non-response is a commonly encountered problem in many population-based surveys. Broadly speaking, non-response can be due to refusal or failure to contact the sample units. Although both types of non-response may lead to bias, there is much evidence to indicate that it is much easier to reduce the proportion of non-contacts than to do the same with refusals. In this article, we use data collected from a nationally representative survey under the Demographic and Health Surveys program to study non-response due to refusals to HIV testing in Malawi. We review existing estimation methods and propose novel approaches to the estimation …

Welfare Consequences Of Access To Health Insurance For Rural Households: Evidence From The New Cooperative Medical Scheme In China, Jessica Ya Sun

Research Collection School Of Economics

This study evaluates the welfare benefits of the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS), the main public health insurance plan for the rural population in China. The findings show that the value of the NCMS to recipients is slightly lower than the government's costs of implementation, ranging from 0.79 to 0.97 per RMB of the resource cost of the NCMS. The estimated moral hazard costs are low compared with the total benefits. It is also estimated that the benefits originating from the NCMS's insurance function only constitute 20% of the total benefits, suggesting a need for higher generosity levels among rural …

Does The Oral-Anal Transit Test Correlate With Colonic Manometry Findings In Children With Refractory Constipation?, Jason Dranove, Nathan Fleishman, Saigopala Reddy, Steven Teich

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Purpose: The Oral-anal Transit Test (OTT) is a simple method of obtaining information about colonic transit. We aim to assess the correlation of OTT with the neuromuscular integrity of the colon determined by colonic manometry (CM).

Methods: All patients who had OTT followed by CM were evaluated. Less than 6 of 24 markers remaining on OTT was considered normal. CM was performed per previously published guidelines. A normal CM was defined as at least one High Amplitude Propagating Contraction progressing from the most proximal sensor through the sigmoid colon.

Results: A total of 34 patients underwent both OTT and CM …

Immediate Changes In Hemodynamics And Gas Exchange After Initiation Of Noninvasive Ventilation In Cardiac Surgical Patients, Mohammad Hamid, Mohammad Irfan Akhtar, Saba Ahmed

Department of Anaesthesia

Introduction: Cardiac surgery is associated with pulmonary dysfunction and complications such as prolonged intubation and reintubation. Bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) machine has been used in the clinical settings to improve oxygenation, reduce work of breathing, and avoid reintubation. The effect of BiPAP on cardiovascular parameters is not well established, and very few studies have targeted hemodynamic changes. The aim of the study was to assess the immediate effect of BiPAP on respiratory and hemodynamic parameters in post-cardiac surgery patients.
Materials and methods: This quasi-experimental study was done on 33 adult cardiac surgery patients. Ethical review committee approval was sought …

Cancer In Tennessee 2012-2016, Tennessee. Department Of Health.

Cancer in Tennessee

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Serum Zinc Levels And Myopia, Niamh Burke, John Butler, Daniel Ian Flitcroft, James Loughman

Articles

Clinical significance: Myopia is inherently associated with eye growth and thereby possibly amenable to nutritional influence. However, little attention has been given to possible die- tary influences. This study demonstrates that serum zinc does not play a role in myopia development. Background: Myopia is inherently associated with eye growth and thereby possibly amena- ble to nutritional influence. A number of Asian studies have reported lower levels of serum zinc in myopic children. This study was designed to assess the relationship between serum zinc and myopia in the Korean population – using a subsample of participants from nation- ally representative data.

Predicting The Spatial Suitability Distribution Of Moringa Oleifera Cultivation Using Analytical Hierarchical Process Modelling, T. Tshabalala, B. Ncube, H. P. Moyo, E. M. Abdel-Rahman, O. Mutanga, A. R. Ndhlala

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Moringa oleifera Lam, often grows well under cultivation in the tropics and sub-tropics. It does well in sandy to clayey soils and tolerates low rainfall. The plant is well-known for its nutritional and medicinal properties, hence it is fast gaining popularity in South Africa and the rest of the world. The objective of this study was to predict the suitable areas for cultivating M. oleifera in South Africa using climate and edaphic variables that significantly affect its growth and development. We used an Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) weight function to assign suitability weights to criteria …

Advance Directives And Intensity Of Care Delivered To Hospitalized Older Adults At The End-Of-Life, Marsha Helen Tyacke, Jill L. Guttormson, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal, Kathryn Schroeter, Wendy Peltier

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Older adults prefer comfort over life-sustaining care. Decreased intensity of care is associated with improved quality of life at the end-of-life (EOL).

Objectives

This study explored the association between advance directives (ADs) and intensity of care in the acute care setting at the EOL for older adults.

Methods

A retrospective, correlational study of older adult decedents (N = 496) was conducted at an academic medical center. Regression analyses explored the association between ADs and intensity of care.

Results

Advance directives were not independently predictive of aggressive care but were independently associated with referrals to palliative care and hospice; however, …

Promising Results From The Use Of A Korean Drama To Address Knowledge, Attitudes, And Behaviors On School Bullying And Mental Health Among Asian American College-Aged Students, Van My Ta Park, Joyce Suen Diwata, Nolee Win, Vy Ton, Bora Nam, Waleed Rajabally, Vanya C. Jones

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The limited research on bullying, mental health (MH), and help-seeking for Asian American (ASA) college students is concerning due to the public health importance. Korean drama (K-Drama) television shows may be an innovative approach to improve knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KAB) on bullying. This study examined whether the KAB about school bullying improved after watching a K-Drama and asked participants about their perspectives of using a K-Drama as an intervention. A convenience sample of college students (n = 118) watched a K-Drama portraying school bullying and MH issues. Pre-/post-tests on KAB on bullying were conducted. Interviews (n = 16) were …

A Descriptive Study Of Double Burden Of Malnutrition In Mothers Of Children With Severe Acute Malnutrition Admitted In Children Hospital And Institute Of Child Health, Multan, Saadia Khan, Umme Ammara, Reema Arshad, Farah Naz, Kamran Ishfaq

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objective: To assess the nutritional status of mothers of severely malnourished children, and to evaluate the factors associated with inadequate caloric intake of children with severe acute malnutrition versus sufficient caloric intake by mothers.
Methods: The cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from January to June 2016 at Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Multan, Pakistan, and comprised mothers of severely malnourished children admitted for treatment. Data was collected using a questionnaire administered through interviews. Elements noted included body mass index, 24-hour recall, dietary restriction during pregnancy, lactation and complimentary feeding patterns of the children. The mothers were also examined …

Engaging The Poor: Leveraging Local Poverty Assistance Programs To Prepare For Global Engagement, Darren Hercyk

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

With globalization, there has been an explosion in travel by academic institutions and the church. For the church, this growth has been in short-term mission trips. Unlike traditional missionaries, most short-term travelers are untrained or lightly trained laypersons. The purpose of this phenomenological qualitative study was to understand how local poverty assistance programs could be leveraged to prepare the church today for global engagement. This study provided ten church volunteers with training that included a Scripture overview of the poor, the multidimensional factors of poverty, reducing harm in poverty programs, and the skills for affirming dignity during an interview. Following …

The Management Of Prehypertension In Young Adults, Ma Jun, Xiang Yali

Saudi Medical Journal

The incidence of prehypertension (blood pressure 120-139 and/or 80-89 mm Hg) in young adults worldwide ranges from ~37.5% to 77.1%. Identifying high-risk groups of prehypertension in young adults is helpful for early and effective interventions and treatments to reduce the occurrence of future hypertension and organ damage. This review summarized the epidemiological characteristics, disease intervention measures, and disease progression characteristics of prehypertension to provide a basis for the development of targeted intervention measures for young adults with prehypertension.

Diagnostic Performance Of Waist-To-Height Ratio In Identifying Cardiovascular Risk Factors And Metabolic Syndrome Among Adult Saudis: A Cross-Sectional Study, Rasmieh Alzeidan, Amel Fayed, Fatemeh Rabiee, Ahmad Hersi, Hala Elmorshedy

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of waist to height ratio (WHtR) to screen for cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Saudis. Methods: Between June 2013 and August 2014, a cross-sectional study of 3,063 adult Saudis of both genders from King Khalid Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia was conducted. Using the “WHO STEPwise Surveillance-Instrument V2.1”, which uses sequential steps including questionnaires and anthropometric and biochemical measurements of MetS and CVRF. Waist to height ratio validity in defining central obesity, MetS, and CVRF were tested using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and …

Assessment Of Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Of Saudi Adults About Calorie Labeling In Central Saudi Arabia, Hatim I. Alassaf, Yazeed A. Alaskar, Bader F. Alqulaysh, Mohammed A. Alshehri, Moath Y. Alnosian, Abdulwahab A. Alshamrani, Mohamad A. Al-Tannir

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of adults regarding the implementation of calorie labeling in restaurants in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 1443 adults invited to complete a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 4 parts that assess demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices of mandatory menu labeling. The survey was conducted in all 5 regions of Riyadh. Results: We entered 1265 surveys into final data analysis with a response rate of 88%. Of this, 1036 participants (82%) understood the meaning and values of calories, while 53% knew the average daily caloric intake. Regarding participants’ attitudes, …

Idiopathic Chylopericardium: A Case Report From Saudi Arabia, Abeer M. Kawthar

Saudi Medical Journal

Chylopericardium is a rare clinical condition in which chyle leaks into the pericardial space owing to lymphatic system derangement. It can be idiopathic or occur secondarily to another clinical condition. Optimal management is accomplished through surgical intervention to impede leaks and drain fluid. In this report, we discuss an initially asymptomatic patient with a pre-employment chest radiograph that revealed cardiomegaly. An echocardiogram revealed pericardial effusion. Medical workup was unable to determine secondary causes for effusion. Pericardiocentesis revealed milky-colored fluid with a high lymphocyte count, and a lymphoscintigraphy lymphangiogram revealed a leak into the pericardium and decreased flow through left iliac …

Tackling Regional Climate Change Impacts And Food Security Issues: A Critical Analysis Across Asean, Pif, And Saarc, Md. Saidul Islam, Edson Kieu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Climate change and food security issues are multi-faceted and transcend across national boundaries. Therefore, this paper begins with the premise that regional organizations are optimally positioned to address climate change and food security issues while actively engaging global partners to slow down or reverse current trajectories. However, the potential of regional organizations to play a central role in mitigating these vital concerns has not been realized. In this paper, we focus on three regional organizations—the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF), and the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and set out to investigate …

Global Research Output On Eosinophilia Literature: A Scientometric Analysis, Chithiraivel S., Sivasekaran K, Jeyshankar Ramalinagam

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study analyses that research output on eosinophilia from 1998-2017 on different parameters including the literature growth, year -wise cited records, number of authors & h-index. The relative growth rate (RGR) and doubling time (Dt), the time series analysis for articles, contribution of various subject fields, highest research productivity of journals and their citation with impact factor and keyword analysis. The higher numbers of publications 793 were published in 2016, the scientists most preferred journals are Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Journal of immunology, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. The high frequency keywords were: Eosinophilia (3175), …

Can Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis And Bmi Be A Prognostic Tool In Head And Neck Cancer Patients? A Review Of The Evidence, Maria Mantzorou, Maria Tolia, Antigoni Poultsidi, Eleni Pavlidou, Sousana K. Papadopoulou, Dimitrios Papandreou, Constantinos Giaginis

All Works

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Background: Malnutrition can significantly affect disease progression and patient survival. The efficiency of weight loss and bioimpedance analysis (BIA)-derived measures in the evaluation of malnutrition, and disease progression and prognosis in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) are an important area of research. Method: The PubMed database was thoroughly searched, using relative keywords in order to identify clinical trials that investigated the role of BIA-derived measures and weight loss on the disease progression and prognosis of patients with HNC. Twenty-seven studies met the criteria. More specifically, six studies examined the …

The Effectiveness Of Locally-Prepared, Home-Made Food In The Outpatient Management Of Children With Moderate, Severe And Acute Malnutrition, Malik Jamel Kanoon, Kholod Dhaher Habib, Ahmed Salih Marzoog, Hussein Naeem Mohammed

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) affects nearly 20 million preschool-age children. Malnutrition is a risk factor in approximately one third of deaths in children who are under 5 years of age worldwide. Outpatient treatment of uncomplicated (SAM) is increasingly provided, using ready-touse therapeutic foods (RUTF) & home-based management with locally homemade food. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of Iraqi locally-prepared, home-made food in outpatient management of moderate and SAM in children aged 6-59mo, and to assess foods complying with specific nutritional compositions of standard ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTF), recommended by WHO. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a Hospital-based cross …

Protective Effect Of Some Plants Against The Toxicity Of Kidneys Caused By Gentamicin, Amal A. Salama, Asmaa S. Abd El-Wahed, Asmaa E. Mostafa

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective The kidneys are a major organ for the removal of waste materials from the body. Plants play an essential role in human health. This work aimed to study the protective effect of some plants vs gentamicin toxicity of the kidneys. Materials and methods Thirty adult male albino rats (Sprague Dawley Strain) of weight 100±10 g were investigated. Rats were divided into two mean groups. Group 1 (six rats) was fed on a balanced diet and was present as a negative control for 4 weeks. Group 2 (24 rats) was injected with gentamicin 100 mg/kg BW/day for 8 days to …

Comparative Study Of Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) As Raw And Herbal Tea: Microbiological, Mycotoxin, And Phytochemical Quality, Emad A. H. Guirguis

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Ginger, commonly available as fresh rhizomes and dry powder, is prone to be contaminated either in spice or herbal tea form. Materials and methods Microbiological profile, total aflatoxin content, and phytochemical component were assessed using standard methods. Moreover, disc diffusion method was applied to investigate the antimicrobial ginger extract activity against foodborne pathogens. Results The most abundant identified compound was zingiberene in fresh (38.59%) and in dry powder (43.93%). The antimicrobial activity of ginger extract was more effective against gram-positive bacteria when compared with the results obtained by gram-negative bacteria. The microbiological quality revealed high contamination of dry samples …

When Agencies Make Criminal Law, Brenner M. Fissell

Faculty Publications

The nondelegation doctrine prohibits a legislature from delegating its power to an administrative agency, yet it is famously underenforced—even when the delegation results in the creation of criminal offenses (so-called “administrative crimes”). While this practice appears to scandalize the hornbook presumption that legislatures alone define criminal offenses, it has long been ratified by the Supreme Court and has received little scholarly attention. The few commentators who have addressed administrative crimes highlight the intuition that criminal sanctions are uniquely severe and thus deserving of a more rigorous nondelegation analysis, but they stop there. They do not precisely link the severe aspects …