Digital Commons Network^™

Culinary Education Programs For Children In Low-Income Households: A Scoping Review, Priscilla P Li, Guisela Mackey, Chishinga Callender, Jayna M Dave, Norma Olvera, Shana Alford, Debbe Thompson

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Child obesity in the United States is at an all-time high, particularly among underserved populations. Home-cooked meals are associated with lower rates of obesity. Helping children develop culinary skills has been associated with improved nutrition. The purpose of this study is to report results from a scoping review of culinary education interventions with children from low-income families. Three databases and hand searches of relevant articles were examined. Retained articles met inclusionary criteria. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, as appropriate. A data extraction template was developed. Data were independently extracted and verified. Only …

Hypogeusia As The Initial Presenting Symptom Of Covid-19, Lauren E Melley, Eli Bress, Erik Polan

PCOM Scholarly Works

COVID-19 is the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which first arose in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has since been declared a pandemic. The clinical sequelae vary from mild, self-limiting upper respiratory infection symptoms to severe respiratory distress, acute cardiopulmonary arrest and death. Otolaryngologists around the globe have reported a significant number of mild or otherwise asymptomatic patients with COVID-19 presenting with olfactory dysfunction. We present a case of COVID-19 resulting in intensive care unit (ICU) admission, presenting with the initial symptom of disrupted taste and flavour perception prior to respiratory …

Coronary Heart Disease And Mortality Following A Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Aixia Guo, Kathleen W Zhang, Kristi Reynolds, Randi E Foraker

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for breast cancer survivors, yet the joint effect of adverse cardiovascular health (CVH) and cardiotoxic cancer treatments on post-treatment CHD and death has not been quantified.

METHODS: We conducted statistical and machine learning approaches to evaluate 10-year risk of these outcomes among 1934 women diagnosed with breast cancer during 2006 and 2007. Overall CVH scores were classified as poor, intermediate, or ideal for 5 factors, smoking, body mass index, blood pressure, glucose/hemoglobin A1c, and cholesterol from clinical data within 5 years prior to the breast cancer diagnosis. …

Beets In The Garden, Dan Drost, Wade Bitner

All Current Publications

This fact sheet provides information for growing beets in the garden, including varieties, how to grow them, pest control, harvest and storage, productivity, nutrition, and frequently asked questions.

Perceived Usefulness Of Indigenous Agro-Biodiversity Knowledge Management Practices In Meeting Farmer Requirements Among Farmer Community In Lindi And Mtwara Regions, Tanzania, Andrew Malekani

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study was undertaken to describe the role played by Indigenous Knowledge (IK) (Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) and Traditional Knowledge (TK)) of the local community farmers in Lindi and Mtwara regions and determine their overall perceptions on usefulness of IK in the pursuit of their farming activities. The study employed a mixed method approach (case study and cross sectional survey). It involved 230 respondents comprising 96 (41.7%) female and 134 (58.3%) males. The study found that many farmers possess an extensive indigenous knowledge on soil characteristics, cropping systems, land suitability for farming, preservation of planting materials, methods of crop planting, …

Feeding The World: How Changes In Biotech Regulation Can Jump-Start The Second Green Revolution And Diversify The Agricultural Industry, John A. Erwin, Robert Glennon

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

As the Earth’s population climbs from 7.7 billion in 2019 to almost 10 billion by mid-century, farmers will need to increase food production by 70 percent. This Article analyzes the tools available to achieve this demanding goal. We assess changes in agriculture related to both the organic industry and the high-tech sector that are enabling farmers to become more efficient. Critically, biotechnology offers great promise to hasten the pace of increased agricultural efficiency through genetic engineering. While genetic modification has been controversial, we cannot exclude any viable policy option, especially one with so much promise. Yet the current regulatory environment …

Natural Language Explanations For Unfulfilled Queries, Guillermo Garrido, Francisco Aliaga, Mike Kozhevnikov, Enrique Alfonseca, Lilian Zia, Chintu Kumar, Madelaine Plauché, Katherine Vadella, James Giangola

Defensive Publications Series

User requests cannot sometimes be fulfilled by a virtual assistant. In such cases, the virtual assistant typically informs the user that the question cannot be answered or the command cannot be performed, without providing an explanation of the reason for the failure to fulfill the user’s request. This disclosure describes techniques that enable a virtual assistant to provide the user a helpful explanation of why a particular request was not fulfilled. Further, the virtual assistant response can include information on how the user’s query was understood.

Organizational Risk In Multi-Sector Health Partnerships: A Case Study Of Oregon's Accountable Health Communities, Shauna Jean Nicole Petchel

Dissertations and Theses

The literature on collective action has documented that the perception of organizational risk -- both the uncertainty of potential outcomes and the meaning attached to them -- is an important factor in whether and how organizations engage in cross-sector collaborations. Yet there are few examples to date that document how health and social service leaders perceive organizational risks in cross-sector health partnerships focused on social determinants of health, or how their perceptions influence organizational commitment and willingness to engage in these partnerships over time.

This research aimed to fill this gap through a mixed methods case study of health and …

Sars-Cov-2/Covid-19: Viral Genomics, Epidemiology, Vaccines, And Therapeutic Interventions - Viruses, 2020 (In Press) (Issue 5, 12 May 2020), Farah Mustafa, Tahir A. Rizvi, Tom Loney, Hanan Al Suwaidi, Ahmad H. Al Marzouqi, Afaf Kamal Eldin, Nabeel Alsabeeha, Thomas E. Adrian, Cesare Stefanini, Norbert Nowotny, Alawi Alsheikh-Ali, Abiola C. Senok

Covid19 Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Modeling The Global Plastic Pollution In Our Oceans, Anna Fateiger

Honors Program Theses and Projects

Plastic is everywhere—from our plastic bottles and straws to the inside of our phones and the clothes we wear every day. Its widespread use has left a legacy of trash, with large amounts of plastic spilling from landfills into oceans. The accumulation of plastic debris in our oceans has severely affected marine life and has even entered into the human food chain. In this project, we created a mathematical model to estimate global plastic waste-generation and ocean runoff using existing data from 1980 to 2015. Using a dynamic system, we calculated the amount of plastic that ends up in landfills …

Applicant Selection To A Regional Medical Training Program: A Structural Analysis Of Interviewer Assessments, Terry D. Stratton, Paula K. Arnett, Anthony D. Weaver, J. Bodie Stevens, Carol L. Elam

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

Introduction: For regional campuses with specific program foci, assessing applicant fit necessarily extends beyond academic and professional factors. Based on assessments of applicants to a regional Rural Physician Leadership Program (RPLP), this study explores the relationship of academic and socio-demographic factors with interviewers’ ratings of: (1) likelihood of eventually practicing in a rural area of the state; and (2) overall acceptability to medical school.

Methods: The study population consisted of 163 first-time RPLP applicants interviewed independently from 2009-2016 by two faculty members at both main and regional medical campuses. Path analysis was used to calculate direct, indirect, and total effects …

The Athletic Gut Microbiota, Alex E. Mohr, Ralf Jäger, Katie C. Carpenter, Chad M. Kerksick, Martin Purpura, Jeremy R. Townsend, Nicholas P. West, Katherine Black, Michael Gleeson, David B. Pyne, Shawn D. Wells, Shawn M. Arent Ph.D., Cscs*D, Fissn, Facsm, Fnak, Richard B. Kreider, Bill I. Campbell, Laurent Bannock, Jonathan Scheiman, Craig J. Wissent, Marco Pane, Douglas S. Kalman, Jamie N. Pugh, Carmen P. Ortega-Santos, Jessica A. Ter Haar, Paul J. Arciero, Jose Antonio

Faculty Publications

The microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract play a significant role in nutrient uptake, vitamin synthesis, energy harvest, inflammatory modulation, and host immune response, collectively contributing to human health. Important factors such as age, birth method, antibiotic use, and diet have been established as formative factors that shape the gut microbiota. Yet, less described is the role that exercise plays, particularly how associated factors and stressors, such as sport/exercise-specific diet, environment, and their interactions, may influence the gut microbiota. In particular, high-level athletes offer remarkable physiology and metabolism (including muscular strength/power, aerobic capacity, energy expenditure, and heat production) compared to sedentary …

Compositions And Methods For Producing Elevated And Sustained Ketosis, Dominic Paul D'Agostino, Patrick Arnold, Shannon Kesl

USF Patents

Beta-hydroxybutyrate mineral salts in combination with medium chain fatty acids or an ester thereof such as medium chain triglycerides were used to induce ketosis, achieving blood ketone levels of (2-7 mmol/L), with or without dietary restriction. The combination results in substantial improvements in metabolic biomarkers related to insulin resistance, diabetes, weight loss, and physical performance in a short period of time. Further, use of these supplements to achieve ketosis yields a significant elevation of blood ketones and reduction of blood glucose levels. Use of these substances does not adversely affect lipid profiles. By initiating rapid ketosis and accelerating the rate …

Compositions And Methods For Producing Elevated And Sustained Ketosis, Dominic Paul D'Agostino, Patrick Arnold, Shannon Kesl

USF Patents

Beta-hydroxybutyrate mineral salts in combination with medium chain fatty acids or an ester thereof such as medium chain triglycerides were used to induce ketosis, achieving blood ketone levels of (2-7 mmol/L), with or without dietary restriction. The combination results in substantial improvements in metabolic biomarkers related to insulin resistance, diabetes, weight loss, and physical performance in a short period of time. Further, use of these supplements to achieve ketosis yields a significant elevation of blood ketones and reduction of blood glucose levels. Use of these substances does not adversely affect lipid profiles. By initiating rapid ketosis and accelerating the rate …

Let Them Eat Lunch: The Impact Of Universal Free Meals On Student Performance, Amy Ellen Schwartz, Michah W. Rothbart

Population Health Research Brief Series

Children need healthy and balanced meals to perform well in school. Universal Free Meal programs improve English and Math test scores and may even reduce obesity among middle school students. District and school leaders nationwide should consider adopting this program.

Stochastic Simulation Of Cellular Metabolism, Emalie J. Clement, Thomas T. Schulze, Ghada A. Soliman, Beata Joanna Wysocki, Paul H. Davis, Tadeusz A. Wysocki

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Increased technological methods have enabled the investigation of biology at nanoscale levels. Such systems require the use of computational methods to comprehend the complex interactions that occur. The dynamics of metabolic systems have been traditionally described utilizing differential equations without fully capturing the heterogeneity of biological systems. Stochastic modeling approaches have recently emerged with the capacity to incorporate the statistical properties of such systems. However, the processing of stochastic algorithms is a computationally intensive task with intrinsic limitations. Alternatively, the queueing theory approach, historically used in the evaluation of telecommunication networks, can significantly reduce the computational power required to generate …

Examining The Factors That Influence African Americans In The Midwest To Reduce Salt Intake, Ni Zhang, Emily Leary, Michelle Teti, Jon Stemmle, Natalie Hampton

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Purpose: Salt intake is associated with cardiovascular diseases that are the leading cause of death especially among African American communities in the Midwest. Interventions need to be developed to address the culture of this population to decrease the health disparities of cardiovascular disease. This study applying the Health Belief Model aims to explore the factors that are associated with the behavior of reducing salt intake among this population.
Methods: Three hundred ninety-nine African American adults participated in the telephone surveys. Logistic regression analysis was performed.
Results: We found that affective risk perception in the form of concern of salt intake …

What Does A "Just" Local Food System Look Like? Views From Worcester In A Changing Climate, Marguerite Cawley

Capstone Collection

Food and climate are closely intertwined, with the high-emissions U.S. industrial food system contributing to climate change, while a changing climate produces new food system vulnerabilities, which will particularly impact those of the least means. This research is premised on the need to transform our food system, and to define what this vision looks like at the local level, while centering questions of power, justice and rights. It explores how groups, organizations and individuals engaged in local food system change envision transformation and understand corresponding social justice concerns, in a changing climate. It looks at opportunities for food and climate …

Exploring The Provider-Level Socio-Demographic Determinants Of Diet Quality Of Preschool-Aged Children Attending Family Childcare Homes, Alison Tovar, Patricia Markham Risica, Andrea Ramirez, Noereem Mena, Ingrid E. Lofgren, Kristen Cooksey Stowers, Kim M. Gans

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Since food preferences develop during early childhood and contribute to dietary patterns that can track into adulthood, it is critical to support healthy food environments in places where children spend significant amounts of time in, such as childcare. It is important to understand what factors influence the diet quality of children cared for in family childcare homes (FCCH). Methods: This study used baseline data from a cluster-randomized trial in FCCH, Healthy Start/Comienzos Sanos. Surveys capturing providers’ socio-demographic characteristics were completed. Food and beverage consumptions were estimated using the Dietary Observation in Childcare protocol, and diet quality was calculated using the …

What Are The Rhetorical Strategies And Consequences Of Food Labels Regarding Health, Lifestyle, And Ethics Of Consumers With Food-Related Diseases And Allergies?, Delaney Borchers

Master of Arts in Media and Communication Plan II Graduate Projects

In this study, it is investigated on how health, lifestyle and ethical factors of a consumer with a gluten-related disease and allergy influence their understanding and awareness of gluten-free food labels. This study was implemented through an online survey on a Facebook support group with a total of 195 respondents. The results show that consumers do have a strong awareness and understanding of the differences between certified gluten-free and non-certified gluten-free food labels. This indicates that having this strong awareness and understanding is influenced based upon a consumer’s health, lifestyle and ethical factors of following a gluten-free diet.

Gaia Bioplastics: A Design Exploration Of Bioplastics Through A Brand Campaign, Kelsey Long

Honors Program Theses and Projects

The world is drowning in petroleum-based plastics. Plastics and their byproducts have created an environmental crisis by polluting our oceans and negatively affecting human health and diverse ecosystems around the world. Alternative bioplastics sourced from plants, especially hemp, seaweed, and lignin (organic polymers in wood and bark), offer promising solutions. Still, bioplastics currently make up only one percent of the global plastics market. My undergraduate scholarship in Graphic Design aims to build a consumer awareness campaign of bioplastics and promote their viability through branding, logos, and advertising designs. Based on research into hemp, seaweed, and lignin-sourced bioplastics, I have developed …

Disability's Encounter With Legislation And Governance: Long-Term Care Homes In Ontario, Po Land Lai

PhD Dissertations

This dissertation is a comprehensive study of the new legal framework for the long-term care (LTC) sector (also known as nursing homes) in Ontario, Canada. The research sought to answer the following question: What are the potential implications for persons with disabilities of the changes made by the Government of Ontario between 2004 and 2018 to the legislation and governance of treatment, care and living circumstances within LTC homes? LTC is where many older women with disabilities and serious illnesses experience care. This study brings a gendered disability perspective to a public policy issue that is usually singularly associated with …

Protein-Altering Germline Mutations Implicate Novel Genes Related To Lung Cancer Development., Xuemei Ji, Semanti Mukherjee, Maria Teresa Landi, Yohan Bosse, Philippe Joubert, Dakai Zhu, Ivan Gorlov, Xiangjun Xiao, Younghun Han, Olga Gorlova, Rayjean J Hung, Yonathan Brhane, Robert Carreras-Torres, David C Christiani, Neil Caporaso, Mattias Johansson, Geoffrey Liu, Stig E Bojesen, Loic Le Marchand, Demetrios Albanes, Heike Bickeböller, Melinda C Aldrich, William S Bush, Adonina Tardon, Gad Rennert, Chu Chen, Jinyoung Byun, Konstantin H Dragnev, John K Field, Lambertus Fa Kiemeney, Philip Lazarus, Shan Zienolddiny, Stephen Lam, Matthew B Schabath, Angeline S Andrew, Pier A Bertazzi, Angela C Pesatori, Nancy Diao, Li Su, Lei Song, Ruyang Zhang, Natasha Leighl, Jakob S Johansen, Anders Mellemgaard, Walid Saliba, Christopher Haiman, Lynne Wilkens, Ana Fernandez-Somoano, Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon, Erik H F M Van Der Heijden, Jin Hee Kim, Michael P A Davies, Michael W Marcus, Hans Brunnström, Jonas Manjer, Olle Melander, David C Muller, Kim Overvad, Antonia Trichopoulou, Rosario Tumino, Gary E Goodman, Angela Cox, Fiona Taylor, Penella Woll, Erich Wichmann, Thomas Muley, Angela Risch, Albert Rosenberger, Kjell Grankvist, Mikael Johansson, Frances Shepherd, Ming-Sound Tsao, Susanne M Arnold, Eric B Haura, Ciprian Bolca, Ivana Holcatova, Vladimir Janout, Milica Kontic, Jolanta Lissowska, Anush Mukeria, Simona Ognjanovic, Tadeusz M Orlowski, Ghislaine Scelo, Beata Swiatkowska, David Zaridze, Per Bakke, Vidar Skaug, Lesley M Butler, Kenneth Offit, Preethi Srinivasan, Chaitanya Bandlamudi, Matthew D Hellmann, David B Solit, Mark E Robson, Charles M Rudin, Zsofia K Stadler, Barry S Taylor, Michael F Berger, Richard Houlston, John Mclaughlin, Victoria Stevens, David C Nickle, Ma'en Obeidat, Wim Timens, María Soler Artigas, Sanjay Shete, Hermann Brenner, Stephen Chanock, Paul Brennan, James D Mckay, Christopher I Amos

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Few germline mutations are known to affect lung cancer risk. We performed analyses of rare variants from 39,146 individuals of European ancestry and investigated gene expression levels in 7,773 samples. We find a large-effect association with an ATM L2307F (rs56009889) mutation in adenocarcinoma for discovery (adjusted Odds Ratio = 8.82, P = 1.18 × 10-15) and replication (adjusted OR = 2.93, P = 2.22 × 10-3) that is more pronounced in females (adjusted OR = 6.81 and 3.19 and for discovery and replication). We observe an excess loss of heterozygosity in lung tumors among ATM L2307F allele carriers. L2307F is …

Food Security Site Project, Julia Rao

Academic Symposium of Undergraduate Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Supplements That Affect Cortisol Concentrations During High Intensity Exercise, Sophia Pelehach

Honors Scholar Theses

The body is exposed to excessive stress during high intensity exercise. There has been much research conducted about the effectiveness of certain supplements in limiting stress due to exercise. Cortisol is a permissive hormone that is secreted in response to stress, so cortisol concentrations can be used as a method of evaluating stress. This paper summarizes research conducted on various supplements and their effect on reducing stress during high intensity exercise. Focus is on cortisol concentrations in participants before and after completion of exercise when given various supplements. The most common supplements were determined to be amino acids, electrolytes, antioxidants, …

The Guardian, Week Of May 11, 2020, Wright State Student Body

The Guardian Student Newspaper

News articles from The Guardian for the week of May 11, 2020. The Guardian is the official student-run newspaper for Wright State University. It has been published regularly since March of 1965.

Differences In Brain Morphometry Associated With Creative Performance In High- And Average-Creative Achievers., Evangelia G Chrysikou, Christopher Wertz, David B Yaden, Scott Barry Kaufman, Donna Bacon, Nancy Wintering, Rex E Jung, Andrew B. Newberg, Md

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Nearly everyone has the ability for creative thought. Yet, certain individuals create works that propel their fields, challenge paradigms, and advance the world. What are the neurobiological factors that might underlie such prominent creative achievement? In this study, we focus on morphometric differences in brain structure between high creative achievers from diverse fields of expertise and a 'smart' comparison group of age-, intelligence-, and education-matched average creative achievers. Participants underwent a high-resolution structural brain imaging scan and completed a series of intelligence, creative thinking, personality, and creative achievement measures. We examined whether high and average creative achievers could be distinguished …

Aga Institute Rapid Review Of The Gi And Liver Manifestations Of Covid-19, Meta-Analysis Of International Data, And Recommendations For The Consultative Management Of Patients With Covid-19, Perica Davitkov, Yngve Falck-Ytter

Faculty Scholarship

Background & aims: Multiple gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, including diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, and abdominal pain, as well as liver enzyme abnormalities, have been variably reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This document provides best practice statements and recommendations for consultative management based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of international data on GI and liver manifestations of COVID-19. Methods: We performed a systematic literature search to identify published and unpublished studies using OVID Medline and preprint servers (medRxiv, LitCovid, and SSRN) up until April 5, 2020; major journal sites were monitored for US publications until April 19, 2020. We pooled …

Diurnal Patterns Of Gene Expression In The Dorsal Vagal Complex And The Central Nucleus Of The Amygdala - Non-Rhythm-Generating Brain Regions, Mary M Staehle, Sean O'Sullivan, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli, Kate F Kernan, Gregory E Gonye, Babatunde A Ogunnaike, James S. Schwaber

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Genes that establish the circadian clock have differential expression with respect to solar time in central and peripheral tissues. Here, we find circadian-time-induced differential expression in a large number of genes not associated with circadian rhythms in two brain regions lacking overt circadian function: the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) and the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA). These regions primarily engage in autonomic, homeostatic, and emotional regulation. However, we find striking diurnal shifts in gene expression in these regions of male Sprague Dawley rats with no obvious patterns that could be attributed to function or region. These findings have implications …

Evaluation Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea In Veterans With Coexisting Psychiatric Symptoms, Zenith Perpignani

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Abstract

There is a growing body of evidence that suggests a correlation between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), nightmares with broken sleep, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and worsening of symptoms by OSA, Veterans who received treatment at a Midwest Veteran Affairs (VA) Center for Behavioral Health were often subject to variable wait times between scheduling of behavioral health and primary care providers (PCP). The purpose of the doctoral project was to reduce a Veteran's wait time for evaluation by a PCP after having been identified as at risk for OSA during routine psychiatric evaluation. The project examined Veteran's reports and measures …