Digital Commons Network^™

Investigating The Effects Of Brainstem Neuronal Adaptation On Cardiovascular Homeostasis., James H Park, Jonathan Gorky, Babatunde Ogunnaike, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli, James S Schwaber

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Central coordination of cardiovascular function is accomplished, in part, by the baroreceptor reflex, a multi-input multi-output physiological control system that regulates the activity of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems via interactions among multiple brainstem nuclei. Recent single-cell analyses within the brain revealed that individual neurons within and across brain nuclei exhibit distinct transcriptional states contributing to neuronal function. Such transcriptional heterogeneity complicates the task of understanding how neurons within and across brain nuclei organize and function to process multiple inputs and coordinate cardiovascular functions within the larger context of the baroreceptor reflex. However, prior analysis of brainstem neurons revealed …

A Brief Bibliometric Survey Of Leukemia Detection By Machine Learning And Deep Learning Approaches, Nilkanth Mukund Deshpande, Shilpa Shailesh Gite, Rajanikanth Aluvalu

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Background: This study aims to analyze the work done on leukemia detection and diagnosis using machine learning, deep learning and different image processing techniques from 2011 to 2020, using the bibliometric methods.

Methods: different articles on leukemia detection were retrieved using one of the most popular database- Scopus. The research articles are considered between 2011 to 2020. Scopus analyzer is used for getting some analysis results such as documents by year, source, county and so on. VOSviewer Version 1.6.15 is used for the analysis of different units such as co-authorship, co-occurrences, citation analysis etc.

Results: In our study, a database …

Glacial Deposits, Vol. 45, 2020, Department Of Geography, Geology, And The Environment

Glacial Deposits

Newsletter of the Department of Geography, Geology, and the Environment

Near-Bottom Currents At Station M In The Northeast Pacific, Thomas Connolly, Paul Mcgill, Richard Henthorn, Drew Burrier, Cynthia Michaud

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

Stars Annual Report, 2020, Campus Sustainability Office

Campus Sustainability Office Publications, Reports and Presentations

The Campus Sustainability Office (CSO) compiles information from departments across campus annually to complete the STARS Report. The score is based on the number of points received across five categories: Academics, Engagement, Operations, and Planning & Administration, and Innovation & Leadership. PSU has maintained a Gold rating since the institution began reporting in 2011 and is within the top 40 of over 400 reporting institutions. This summary includes improvement opportunities to assist our efforts to eventually become a STARS Platinum institution. For more information on improvement opportunities please contact Amanda Wolf at [email protected]

Utility Summary Fiscal Year 2020, Campus Sustainability Office

Campus Sustainability Office Publications, Reports and Presentations

Energy usage listed by building.

The Paradox Of Automation As Anti-Bias Intervention, Ifeoma Ajunwa

Faculty Publications

A received wisdom is that automated decision-making serves as an anti-bias intervention. The conceit is that removing humans from the decision-making process will also eliminate human bias. The paradox, however, is that in some instances, automated decision-making has served to replicate and amplify bias. With a case study of the algorithmic capture of hiring as a heuristic device, this Article provides a taxonomy of problematic features associated with algorithmic decision-making as anti-bias intervention and argues that those features are at odds with the fundamental principle of equal opportunity in employment. To examine these problematic features within the context of algorithmic …

Bot Contracts, Deborah R. Gerhardt, David Thaw

Faculty Publications

In this Article, we explain why the transactions commonly known as “smart contracts” are better understood as “bot contracts.” Taking an interdisciplinary approach, we show why the “smart contracts” moniker is misdescriptive in two important ways. First, these transactions are automated, not smart. Second, they do not afford parties many enforcement rights and defenses that one expects from common law contractual relationships. To fully understand these transactions, it is important to appreciate how the term “smart contracts” differs from what the technology delivers.

Our review of the technology explains that these transactions have tremendous practical utility in reducing risk and …

Odd Generalized N-H Generated Family Of Distributions With Application To Exponential Model, Zubair Ahmad, M. Elgarhy, Gholamhossein Hamedani, Nadeem Shafique Butt

Mathematical and Statistical Science Faculty Research and Publications

A new family of distributions called the odd generalized N-H is introduced and studied. Four new special models are presented. Some mathematical properties of the odd generalized N-H family are studied. Explicit expressions for the moments, probability weighted, quantile function, mean deviation, order statistics and Rényi entropy are investigated. Characterizations based on the truncated moments, hazard function and conditional expectations are presented for the generated family. Parameter estimates of the family are obtained based on maximum likelihood procedure. Two real data sets are employed to show the usefulness of the new family.

Dropsonde Observations Of The Ageostrophy Within The Pre-Cold-Frontal Low-Level Jet Associated With Atmospheric Rivers, Rueben Demirdgian, Joel R. Norris, Andrew Martin, F. Martin Ralph

Geography Faculty Publications and Presentations

The pre-cold-frontal low-level jet (LLJ) is an important contributor for water vapor transport within atmospheric rivers, though its dynamics are not completely understood. The present study investigates the LLJ using dropsonde observations from 24 cross-atmospheric river transects taken during the CalWater-2014, 2015 and the AR-Recon 2016, 2018 field campaigns. It is found that the LLJ, located at ;1-km elevation ahead of the cold front, has an average maximum wind speed of 30ms21 and is strongly supergeostrophic with an average ageostrophic component of 6ms21. The alongfront ageostrophy occurs within the atmospheric layer (750–1250 m) known to strongly control orographic precipitation associated …

Pope Innocent Viii (1484-1492) And The Summis Desiderantes Affectibus, Maral Deyrmenjian

Malleus Maleficarum

The papal bull (or decree) Summis desiderantes affectibus, issued in 1484 by Pope Innocent VIII (1484-1492), specifically addressed the malign presence of witches and witchcraft in the Holy Roman Empire and authorized a formal inquisition into their activities. It was one of several official condemnations of heretics and other enemies of Christendom, both groups and individuals, issued during Innocent VII’s reign.

Heinrich Kramer, the primary author of the Malleus maleficarum (1486/7) prefaced the second edition of his witch-hunting manual with the Summis desiderantes affectibus without explicit permission; scholars argue that he considered it likely to bolster the work’s authority …

Curriculum Change 2020-2021, Portland State University

Bulletin & Curriculum Change Documents

No abstract provided.

A Dynamic Neural Network Designed Using Analytical Methods Produces Dynamic Control Properties Similar To An Analogous Classical Controller, Wade William Hilts, Nicholas Szczecinski, Roger Quinn, Alexander Hunt

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Human balance is achieved using many concurrent control loops that combine to react to changes in environment, posture, center of mass and other factors affecting stability. Though numerous engineering models of human balance control have been tested, no methods for porting these models to a neural architecture have been established. It is our hypothesis that the analytical methods we have developed, combined with classical control techniques will provide a reasonable starting point for developing dynamic neural controllers that can reproduce classical control capabilities. In previous work, we tested this hypothesis and demonstrated that a biologically-constrained neural controller that replicates human …

Predicting Densities And Elastic Moduli Of Sio2-Based Glasses By Machine Learning, Yong-Jie Hu, Ge Zhao, Mingfei Zhang, Bin Bin, Tyler Del Rose, Qian Zhao, Qan Zu, Yang Chen, Xuekun Sun, Maarten De Jong, Multiple Additional Authors

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Chemical design of SiO2-based glasses with high elastic moduli and low weight is of great interest. However, it is difficult to find a universal expression to predict the elastic moduli according to the glass composition before synthesis since the elastic moduli are a complex function of interatomic bonds and their ordering at different length scales. Here we show that the densities and elastic moduli of SiO2-based glasses can be efficiently predicted by machine learning (ML) techniques across a complex compositional space with multiple (>10) types of additive oxides besides SiO2. Our machine learning approach relies on a training set …

A Primer On Laplacian Dynamics In Directed Graphs, J. J. P. Veerman, R. Lyons

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We analyze the asymptotic behavior of general first order Laplacian processes on digraphs. The most important ones of these are diffusion and consensus with both continuous and discrete time. We treat diffusion and consensus as dual processes. This is the first complete exposition of this material in a single work.

Claude V. Palisca As Music Educator: The Yale Seminar On Music Education And The Norton Anthology Of Western Music, Jelena Dj. Simonović Schiff, Jere T. Humphreys

School of Music + Theater Faculty Publications and Presentations

Claude V. Palisca (1921–2001) was a prominent American musicologist and music educator. He authored books and articles about Renaissance and Baroque music theory and developments in musicology, but is most widely known as the founder and first editor of the Norton Anthology of Western Music (NAWM) and coauthor of A History of Western Music, the two music history textbooks that are still in use in classrooms worldwide. In this article, we trace Palisca’s first idea of the NAWM’s structure, content, and purpose through his writings and activities between the 1950s and late 1970s. The central part …

Habitat Use And Prey Selection By Mountain Lions In An Altered Sagebrush Steppe Environment, Jonathan Ewanyk

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Throughout the American West there is an increasing trend of encroachment of woody vegetation on previously open sagebrush steppe habitat. The Modoc Plateau in northeastern California has not been excluded from this encroachment trend and has seen an increase in western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) densities, likely as a result of long-term fire suppression. Mountain lions (Puma concolor) have not previously been studied on the Modoc Plateau, and there is potential for an increase in cover due to juniper encroachment to benefit the hunting behavior of lions. To better understand if the presence of cover is being …

Aces & Trauma-Informed Practices For Children & Educators In Early Childhood Education, Ariel L. Llorente

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), consist of the negative and traumatic events that have happened in the early years of a person’s life. The focus here is on childhood trauma. There are many types of trauma, including, physical, sexual and emotional abuse, physical and emotional neglect, exposure to domestic and general violence, as well as household substance abuse, mental illness, racism, parental separation/divorce, and others. Trauma produces both physical and psychological challenges and can disrupt the brain’s development from birth through 18 years of age, causing permanent damage and issues, which we will discuss throughout this thesis. This thesis will explore …

Multiple Criteria Decision-Making Approach To Support Timber Transportation Planning – Case Study In Brazil, Marinna Lopes Ferreira Gomes

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Timber transportation is one of the costliest activities for a forest company in Brazil and in many other countries, and it is a determining factor for the success of the forest enterprise. Thus, decision support tools are commonly used as methods to reduce these costs. The purpose of this study was to develop and analyze mathematical models to define the weekly timber transport schedule based on the monthly demands of the customers. The goal is to minimize the operational costs of forest transportation related to distances, timber freshness and road qualities. The decision process was made in two steps; the …

Estimates Of Calf Survival And Factors Influencing Roosevelt Elk Mortality In Northwestern California, Erin Nigon

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Survival of juvenile ungulates is known to be highly variable, yet it is fundamental to understanding the dynamics and trends of wildlife populations. Factors influencing calf survival are poorly understood in northwestern California where Roosevelt elk (Cervus canadensis roosevelti) are known to exist. The objectives of this study were 1) to estimate summer and annual survival rates and determine recruitment rates for Roosevelt elk calves in the area, 2) to evaluate differences in calf survival by examining the effects of individual and population level covariates on summer and annual calf survival, 3) to identify factors influencing the timing …

Exploring The Origins Of Secondary Growth – Two Lower Devonian (Emsian) Euphyllophytes From Gaspé, Canada, And Their Implications For The Evolution Of Secondary Growth, Kelly C. Pfeiler

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Secondary growth from a vascular cambium has a deep fossil record among euphyllophytes, with the earliest occurrence dated to 407 Ma. To date, Armoricaphyton and Franhueberia represent the only instances of secondary growth formally documented in the Early Devonian. Secondary growth diversified rapidly and was present in all major euphyllophyte lineages by the Middle Devonian. Here, I describe two new Early Devonian euphyllophytes exhibiting secondary growth, from the Emsian (c. 400-395 Ma) Battery Point Formation (Québec, Canada): Gmujij tetraxylopteroides gen. et sp. nov. and Perplexa praestigians gen et sp. nov. Both these plants possess mesarch actinosteles with Psilophyton-type …

Age-Specific And Species-Specific Tree Response To Seasonal Drought In Tropical Dry Forests, Emily A. Santos

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Millions of people live in or depend on ecoregions dominated by Tropical Dry Forests (TDFs), but due to their high accessibility, convenient topography and mild climate conditions their distribution is fragmented with less than 10% of their original extent remaining in many countries. Despite the vast ecosystem services provided by TDFs, including vital water resources in water limited environments, ecohydrological research in this biome has been limited to a small number of short-term investigations. Similar to worldwide trends, the TDF surrounding Bahía de Caráquez (Bahía), Ecuador, has been severely deforested over the past 400 years. The land use history in …

Decay Of Woody Residues As The Counterfactual Treatment To Mobilization For Bioelectricity Generation, Max A. Blasdel

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Decay of woody debris is a major carbon flux for forests. Decay processes are not well documented in forest modeling frameworks but play an important role in forest carbon cycling and life cycle assessments of forest-derived products. The main drivers of decay are species, vertical location, and climate. A database of literature values for decay by tree species was created to parameterize a larger model of California forestland carbon cycling. A novel methodology was applied to vary these decay values for each species spatially based on climatic drivers of decay. This resulted in decay values for each species and size …

Is Inclusion The Answer?, Jacqueline M. Hewins

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Inclusion is the method by which many school districts meet the requirement of educating students with disabilities in the “least restrictive environment”. While it is an established practice, supported by the educational community and most families alike, there is a gap in the literature regarding how students feel about being in inclusion classes. In order to learn more about the student experience, five students with special education needs from a rural high school were interviewed about their involvement in inclusion. Students were asked about whether they felt included, if they socialized with peers from the inclusion class, and if they …

Species Distribution Models For Three Deep-Sea Coral And Sponge Taxa In The Southern California Bight, Nissa Kreidler

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Deep-Sea Coral and Sponge (DSCS) species are signature taxa of deep-water habitats, however understanding the ecological mechanisms that drive their geographic distributions can be difficult to uncover due to the challenges of surveying deep-water ecosystems. A recent study on benthic assemblages in Southern California revealed statistical associations between several DSCS and demersal fishes, many of which are important to management agencies due to commercial or conservation concerns. Maps that predict where these DSCS may occur are needed for the management and protection of these DSCS taxa and the fauna that rely on them for habitat. In this thesis, I develop …

Characterization Of Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Storage Of Woody Biomass: An Incubation Study, Carisse Geronimo

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Biomass energy plays a small but significant role in the current renewable energy portfolio and is a promising alternative pathway for woody residues that would otherwise be considered waste. These woody residues are often stored in large piles prior to combustion, and greenhouse gas emissions from this storage phase of the bioenergy supply chain are uncertain and understudied. This incubation study investigates the effects of three environmental factors on emissions from decomposition of woody biomass stored in chip piles. Incubation experiments were conducted, subjecting chambers of Sequoia sempervirens woodchips to different levels of temperature, oxygen concentration, and moisture content, and …

Comparing Knee Joint Mechanics Across Phases Of The Menstrual Cycle, Bethany Kilpatrick

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most commonly occurring knee injury. Compared to men in the same sports, females are two to eight times at higher risk for ACL injury. Research suggests that hormone fluctuations across the menstrual cycle (MC) play a crucial role in ACL injuries due to their effect on tendons and ligament's mechanical properties. PURPOSE: To examine knee joint laxity during dynamic movements across three-time points of the MC. METHODS: Seven young, healthy females with regular MCs performed three jump-landing tasks (double leg depth jump, single-leg lateral jump, and single-leg forward jump) across the early-follicular, …

Quantifying Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenous Tridentatus) Ammocoete Habitat Availability And The Risk Associated With The Summer Hydrograph Recession Limb In Coastal Northern California, Katrina Clare Nystrom

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) are an anadromous fish that evolved before dinosaurs and are critical to the Pacific coastal stream ecosystems and Native American cultures. Pacific lamprey are threatened by past natural resource exploitation (logging, mining, dams, and streamflow diversion) and climate change (warming temperature and changing precipitation regime). The lamprey larva, known as ammocoetes, live in fine sediment deposits in coastal streams for three to seven years. The objective of this research was to predict ammocoete habitat based on channel morphology in coastal Northern California, USA and explore the impact of streamflow diversions on their habitat. I …

Full Issue: Volume 14, Number 1, Fall 2020

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Complete .pdf file of Volume 14, number 1 of The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences. Published Fall 2020.

Fire And Land Cover Change In The Palouse Prairie–Forest Ecotone, Washington And Idaho, Usa, Penelope Morgan, Emily K. Heyerdahl, Eva K. Strand, Stephen C. Bunting, James P. Riser Ii, John T. Abatzoglou, Max Nielsen-Pincus, Mara Johnson

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Prairie–forest ecotones are ecologically important for biodiversity and ecological processes. While these ecotones cover small areas, their sharp gradients in land cover promote rich ecological interaction and high conservation value. Our objective was to understand how historical and current fire occurrences and human development influenced the Palouse Prairie–forest ecotone. We used General Land Office survey field notes about the occurrence of bearing trees to locate historical (1870s to 1880s) prairie, pine savanna, and forest at the eastern edge of the bioregion. We combined LANDFIRE Existing Vegetation classes to contrast historical land cover with current land cover. We reconstructed …