Digital Commons Network^™

Debility And Disability In Edith Wharton's Novels, Karen Weingarten

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Graph-To-Tree Learning For Solving Math Word Problems, Jipeng Zhang, Lei Wang, Roy Ka-Wei Lee, Yi Bin, Yan Wang, Jie Shao, Ee-Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

While the recent tree-based neural models have demonstrated promising results in generating solution expression for the math word problem (MWP), most of these models do not capture the relationships and order information among the quantities well. This results in poor quantity representations and incorrect solution expressions. In this paper, we propose Graph2Tree, a novel deep learning architecture that combines the merits of the graph-based encoder and tree-based decoder to generate better solution expressions. Included in our Graph2Tree framework are two graphs, namely the Quantity Cell Graph and Quantity Comparison Graph, which are designed to address limitations of existing methods by …

Expertise Style Transfer: A New Task Towards Better Communication Between Experts And Laymen, Yixin Cao, Ruihao Shui, Liangming Pan, Min-Yen Kan, Zhiyuan Lu, Tat-Seng Chua

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The curse of knowledge can impede communication between experts and laymen. We propose a new task of expertise style transfer and contribute a manually annotated dataset with the goal of alleviating such cognitive biases. Solving this task not only simplifies the professional language, but also improves the accuracy and expertise level of laymen descriptions using simple words. This is a challenging task, unaddressed in previous work, as it requires the models to have expert intelligence in order to modify text with a deep understanding of domain knowledge and structures. We establish the benchmark performance of five state-of-the-art models for style …

Tree-Augmented Cross-Modal Encoding For Complex-Query Video Retrieval, Xun Yang, Jianfeng Dong, Yixin Cao, Xun Wang, Meng Wang, Tat-Seng Chua

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The rapid growth of user-generated videos on the Internet has intensified the need for text-based video retrieval systems. Traditional methods mainly favor the concept-based paradigm on retrieval with simple queries, which are usually ineffective for complex queries that carry far more complex semantics. Recently, embedding-based paradigm has emerged as a popular approach. It aims to map the queries and videos into a shared embedding space where semantically-similar texts and videos are much closer to each other. Despite its simplicity, it forgoes the exploitation of the syntactic structure of text queries, making it suboptimal to model the complex queries. To facilitate …

The Data City, The Idiom And Questions Of Locality, Noel Fitzpatrick

Articles

The paper aims to provide both a radical critique of the “smart city” as a techno-ideological apparatus,that through data analysis and algorithmic forms of governmentality tends to colonize space and time, and an attempt to reframe the very concept of intelligence within the smart cities. Two concepts are presented as tools for such a reframing: locality and idiom, where the first is conceived as openness of meaning generated by a territory, while the latter,analysed througha paradigmatic Irish example (Friel’s play Translations), prepares the ground for the pars construensof the paper. The claim, built by intertwining a set of authors (Ricoeur, …

Cognitive Stimulation As A Mechanism Linking Socioeconomic Status With Executive Function: A Longitudinal Investigation, Maya L. Rosen, Mckenzie P. Hagen, Lucy A. Lurie, Zoe E. Miles, Margaret A. Sheridan, Andrew N. Meltzoff, Katie A. Mclaughlin

Neuroscience: Faculty Publications

Executive functions (EF), including working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility, vary as a function of socioeconomic status (SES), with children from economically disadvantaged backgrounds having poorer performance than their higher SES peers. Using observational methods, we investigated cognitive stimulation in the home as a mechanism linking SES with EF. In a sample of 101 children aged 60–75 months, cognitive stimulation fully mediated SES-related differences in EF. Critically, cognitive stimulation was positively associated with the development of inhibition and cognitive flexibility across an 18-month follow-up period. Furthermore, EF at T1 explained SES-related differences in academic achievement at T2. Early cognitive stimulation—a …

No.8, July 2020: Examining English Learners’ College Readiness And Postsecondary Enrollment In California, Marco A. Murillo Ph.D., Magaly Lavadenz Ph.D.

Education and Policy Briefs

Given a growing asset-based approach to equipping English Learners (ELs) with the knowledge and skills to enter and succeed in postsecondary education, this brief examines ELs’ college readiness and postsecondary education outcomes in California. It includes a brief summary of relevant literature on college readiness among EL students. Researchers then present data retrieved from the California Department of Education on college readiness and postsecondary education. The results show that EL students lack access to college preparatory courses, have a low rate of meeting the state’s College/Career Indicator, and enroll in postsecondary education at lower rates than other groups. This policy …

Campbell’S Chicken Noodle Soup™ And Saltine Crackers: A Milpero’S Autoethnographic Study Of Struggle And Success In Life And In Education, Ernesto Cantu

Theses and Dissertations

The state of Texas has close to 3,000 colonias, with most of them found along the Texas/Mexico border (“Colonias in Texas,” n.d.) and the most citizens of any state living in colonias. I grew up in a colonia in South Texas called Las Milpas, located in Pharr, Texas. Colonia children are often stigmatized and marginalized. This autoethnographic study is a look into my life as an educator and the social and cultural factors that have contributed to my survival and success. As a child, I lost both my mother and father. I was fortunate that my oldest …

Metacritiques Of Upper Echelons Theory: Verdicts And Recommendations For Future Research, Brett H. Neely Jr., Jeffrey B. Lovelace, Amanda P. Cowen, Nathan J. Hiller

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

After more than 35 years, Hambrick and Mason’s upper echelons theory (UET) stands as one of the most influential perspectives in management research. However, as the literature and its attendant reviews have become more numerous and specialized, discussion of the fundamental conceptual and methodological critiques leveled against research utilizing the UET perspective has grown fragmented. As such, the first aim of the present review is to identify and synthesize a set of common critiques levied against UET research. In doing so, we unpack important nuance within each critique while establishing a common vocabulary to facilitate greater consistency in how these …

Kurdish Public Opinion In Turkey: Cultural And Political Demands Of The "Kurdish Street", Ekrem Karakoc, H. Ege Ozen

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Narrative Language Among Mothers With The Fmr1 Premutation And Mothers Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Sara Mousavi

Theses and Dissertations

Difficulties with pragmatic language are known language traits among women with the FMR1 premutation and within the broad autism phenotype (BAP). Our study investigated the narrative cohesion and story grammar organization of spontaneously generated stories produced by mothers with the FMR1 premutation, mothers of children with ASD, and mothers of typically developing children. No group differences were observed in story grammar, overall quality, or frequency of use of temporal devices. But both the mothers of children with ASD and mothers with the FMR1 premutation committed reference errors at a significantly higher frequency than mothers in the control group. This study …

Place-Making Through Performance: Spoken Word Poetry And The Reclamation Of “Chocolate City”, Tiffany Marquise Jones

Theses and Dissertations

Predominantly situated in an area formerly known as Black Broadway, my research is based on long-term immersion in the District’s network of Spoken Word poetry and poets. Specifically, I focus on two key sites that offer contrasting depictions of open mic culture: Busboys and Poets, a D.C.-based chain located in several well-known neighborhoods undergoing gentrification, and SpitDat D.C., a grassroots (and often displaced) movement known as the area’s longest running open mic series. At these venues, many artists – especially native and long-term residents of the area – illustrate the Black experience along with a fascinating correlation between place, performer, …

Complex Syntax Acquisition In Children With Hearing Loss, Marissa Castaldo

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this language sample analysis was to describe complex syntax development in children with hearing loss over the preschool years. The current study addresses the following relevant research questions: Do children with hearing loss have increased performance over preschool years on broad measures of complex syntax? and What are the developmental trajectories on complex syntax in children with hearing loss?

Methods: 9 children with hearing loss participated in a 12-minute language sample following the Hadley Protocol (1998). Each child was tested at age 4 and then again in 6-month intervals until they turned 6. These children with …

Immigrant Belonging In Belgium: Laws, Localities, And Living Together, Samuel P. Nielson

Theses and Dissertations

Nationalism is rising in Europe and the world. Much of it responds to massive migration, with nationalistic Europeans vocalizing their belief that immigrants do not “belong” in their countries. Many states respond to this influx of people and rising antiimmigrant sentiment by creating laws demanding immigrant “integration.” Yet a clear understanding of what defines “integration” remains elusive. So too does an understanding of how laws aimed at immigrant integration influence relationships between immigrants and local citizens, institutions, and spaces. This research addresses both of these points in Belgium, a politically and culturally fractured country that serves as a microcosm of …

Culture In The Classroom: A Study For Strategies For Bridging Classroom Divides, William Rolison

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore how teachers perceive the impact of socioeconomic class and culture on student/teacher interactions and to identify specific strategies that may be implemented to bridge cultural divides between students and teachers. To do this I employed a qualitative action research design incorporating semi-structured interviews, recorded dialogue, and researcher generated questionnaires. Together with two collaborating teachers, I examined teacher views of sociocultural influences on student/teacher interactions and identified cross-cultural strategies to implement in bridging sociocultural divides between students and teachers.

Study participants reported that participation in interviews and group dialogue made them more aware …

Aesthetic Activisms: Language Politics And Inheritances In Recent Poetry From The U.S. South, Sunshine Dempsey

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this dissertation, Aesthetic Activisms: Language Politics and Inheritances in Recent Poetry from the U.S. South, is to illustrate how four contemporary poets incorporate and adapt literary forms and linguistic structures to emphasize the exclusionary systems of language that undergird accepted southern cultural practices. Aesthetic Activismslooks at four poets, Natasha Trethewey, Fred Moten, Allison Adelle Hedge Coke, and C.D. Wright, who challenge concepts of regional literary inheritances that refuses to recognize a broad plurality of voices and histories.

Aesthetic Activisms focuses on poets whose work re-orients, or centralizes, marginalized experience through form and content, resisting essentialist …

Curriculum Developers’ Experiences Adopting Assistive Technology In An Educator Preparation Program, Keisha Tipton

All Theses And Dissertations

Assistive technology competencies are not always included within the curriculum for teacher candidates. The lack of assistive technology content can result in teachers being unprepared to support the academic and social needs of students with significant disabilities in a general education classroom. Required courses in educator preparation programs for assistive technology have declined over the last decade. The problem addressed in this study was the absence of data about how teacher educators perceive their roles and responsibilities in learning about assistive technology and integrating the necessary competencies into the standard educator preparation curriculum. This interpretive phenomenological analysis study explored the …

Integrating Culturally Relevant Teaching Strategies: Professional Development For Elementary Classroom Teachers, Anne Taylor

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Research has determined that culturally responsive teaching is a powerful tool that improves student achievement while providing more equitable educational opportunities for all students (Au, 2009; Banks, 2006; Gay, 2000; Hammond, 2015; Ladson-Billings, 2009). Schools that engage in CRT are able to build bridges of meaning between home and school experiences and between academics and students' cultural realities. However, evidence also suggests that while teachers may have knowledge of multicultural education, many do not display the characteristics needed to fully apply and sustain culturally responsive pedagogical practices. The professional development and PLC supports created for this project are built upon …

Teaching World Language As A Push-In Class With Teaching Proficiency Through Reading And Storytelling, Leah Mark

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

This project will describe in detail a world language program that could be offered in an elementary school for those interested in implementing or modifying an existing program. This world language program is unique in that it depends on two essential components, those being co-teaching and using comprehensible input methodologies, such as Teaching Proficiency through Reading and Storytelling (TPRS), working in unison to provide a highly effective and positive world language experience for students. The reader will be provided with the details of how this model would exactly look for anyone interested in rolling out such a program. The project, …

How Can Incorporating Games And Activities Enhance Learning In Environmental Education?, Joan Fasanella

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

The research question addressed in this capstone was how can incorporating games and activities enhance learning in Environmental Education ? The motivation for this question was to find a way to make learning fun and engaging for participants on many levels while reinforcing lesson objectives. When adding games and activities to traditional lesson plans, the learning shifts to become student-led discovery learning (Anwer, 2019). This type of learning fosters critical thinking and cooperative learning that translate into life skills (Kuo et al., 2019; Volk & Cheak, 2003). Further documentation points to benefits for ADHD and other behavior disorders from interactive …

Culturally Responsive Teaching Within A Montessori Learning Environment, David Luiken

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

In 1954 the Supreme Court, in Brown vs. the Topeka Board of Education , ruled that the legal segregation of schools based on race was unconstitutional. Sixty-six years later there still exists an academic achievement gap between white students and students of color. Given that this gap exists in Montessori schools with high standardized test scores, this capstone project examines how the use of Culturally Responsive Teaching in a Montessori Learning environment may help eliminate the academic achievement gap ? This capstone reviews literature pertaining to the role culture plays in education and the alignment of Culturally Responsive Teaching with …

Best Practices In Online Learning For Language Learners, Peter Christopherson

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Because of the global coronavirus pandemic of 2020, understanding how to do online learning well has become a necessity for educators. Online learning, though it has clear advantages over face-to-face learning such as the flexibility of time and space, variety and speed of delivery of materials, and anonymity, it is not without significant challenges that must be addressed in order for students to be successful. My research question was: Research Question: What are the most effective ways to help language learners to be successful in an online learning format? The goal of this research was to understand these challenges, a …

Best Practices For Code-Switching In The Hmong Adult Ell Classroom, Morgan Hightower

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

For many years, students were discouraged from using their first language. In the classroom, rules were set on only using English as soon as they entered the room, and signs were hung on the walls that encouraged them to only speak the target language. However, research now shows using a student’s native language can actually enhance their learning. This capstone uses pre-surveys, post-surveys, and 4 sessions of professional development to help answer the capstone question, In what ways can educators best support adult Hmong L1 learners to accomplish their English goals while uplifting and valuing their linguistic and cultural roots? …

Assessing English Language Learners For Special Education Services, Emily Grams

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

The importance of understanding how to assess ELs for special education is a critical topic in the education field. According to Becker & Deris (2019) many school professionals lack the appropriate understanding of testing tools to properly assess and evaluate ELLs; once referred to an assessment team, the student has a greater than 50% chance of being identified as disabled. In order to better assess ELs, evaluation teams need to consider the whole student including their second language acquisition of English, culture, background, and their native language. Over the last decade, the amount of ELs and language minority students in …

Scaffolding Oral Language For Elementary English Learners In Content Classrooms, Jamie Bushey

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

This project addresses the question: What strategies could be provided to content and English as a Second Language (ESL) teachers to help scaffold oral language use for English Learners in the elementary content classroom? This project was born from the author’s experience as a language teacher and the need to provide language supports for her students in content classes such as science and social studies. Literature regarding second language acquisition, science education, and oral language supports were consulted in the development of this project. A portfolio of resources to support oral language development was created, which includes an example science …

Improving Writing Skills Through The Use Of Morning Work In The Second-Grade Classroom, Catherine Nelson-Dittmann

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

In an effort to impact second-grade student writing, the vehicle of morning work was utilized as a pre-existing opportunity to incorporate research-based best practices in writing. To frame this project, the capstone question was asked, “How can morning work be used to improve second-grade student writing skills?” This capstone set out to identify the practices that would yield the best results in a small amount of time and found that authentic, contextual writing experiences would support this goal. While explicit skill instruction is important, authentic writing experiences allow students to, not only practice writing, but also understand and use grammar, …

A Framework And Curriculum For Teachers Of Adult English Language Literacy Learners: Incorporating Essential Skills And Intervention Plans For All/Leslla Learners, Eman Ghanem

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Adult ESL literacy teachers are often perplexed when instructing pre-, non and semi-literate adult ESL learners due to their L1 literacy level, age, and possibly traumatic experiences. Research shows that classroom instruction and assessment should be carefully planned and strategically implemented because of the underlying financial and social ties connecting literacy to Essential Skills (ESs) and socio-economic status. Using Response to Intervention (RtI) approach, this capstone: (1) adapts the components of a literacy framework to guide adult ESL literacy instruction and introduces intervention assessment tools to support students who deviate from the literacy level profile of ability; (2) provides an …

Implementing Student-Centered Learning Strategies For Multilingual Learners Through A Social Justice Lens, Erik Reynolds

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

This project answers the question, How can we create an equitable student-centered environment through project and problem based learning? The research focuses on student centered learning, specifically project and problem based instruction, while creating an equitable learning environment, along with supporting learnings through differentiated instruction. The project creates a curriculum for a 7th grade Social Studies unit of study of the Foundations of Systems of Power in the United States from 1787 - 1800. Application of this curriculum is a tool that teachers can use to create a safe and equitable learning environment for all of their students.

Developing A Growth Mindset Through Teacher Training, Pedagogy Development, And Community Reform, Kailtyn Joyce

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

A consistent problem in teaching has been keeping students engaged and motivated in their studies. Typically these problems were equated to either a student’s inability to make a connection to the information, the material being too difficult, or a student feeling inadequate. To promote a deeper understanding and discover ways to ease these issues, this capstone project used the following question as a focal point, what drives students’ motivation to achieve and what steps can be taken to develop a growth mindset in students? This project was centered around growth mindset as it has shown to be an effective tool …

English Language Learners Acquiring Tier 3 Mathematical Vocabulary In Upper Elementary Grades, Krosby Kludt

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

As students progress through elementary school the mathematics they are supposed to be able to complete and understand gets more challenging. Part of the challenge is that students need to know the content-specific vocabulary for individual math units. For some students, the new vocabulary has been heard in passing at home, for others, especially those that English is a second language the new vocabulary is completely foreign to them. The capstone project that has been created is a vocabulary guide to help students and educators understand how to best approach new and unfamiliar vocabulary in mathematics for English language learners …