Digital Commons Network^™

Hrs/Ehra/Aphrs/Lahrs/Acc/Aha Worldwide Practice Update For Telehealth And Arrhythmia Monitoring During And After A Pandemic., N. Varma, N. F. Marrouche, L. Aguinaga, C. M. Albert, E. Arbelo, J. Choi, M. K. Chung, G. Conte, L. M. Epstein, P. D. Varosy, +13 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Hrs/Ehra/Aphrs/Lahrs/Acc/Aha Worldwide Practice Update For Telehealth And Arrhythmia Monitoring During And After A Pandemic., N. Varma, N. F. Marrouche, L. Aguinaga, C. M. Albert, E. Arbelo, J. Choi, M. K. Chung, G. Conte, L. M. Epstein, P. D. Varosy, +13 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Use Of Teledermatology By Dermatology Hospitalists Is Effective In The Diagnosis And Management Of Inpatient Disease., C. K. Gabel, E. Nguyen, R. Karmouta, K. J. Liu, G. Zhou, A. Alloo, R. Arakaki, Y. Balagula, V. R. Sharon, Daniela Kroshinsky, +25 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND:Patient outcomes are improved when dermatologists provide inpatient consults. Inpatient access to dermatologists is limited, illustrating an opportunity to utilize teledermatology. Little is known about the ability of dermatologists to accurately diagnose and manage inpatients using teledermatology, particularly utilizing non-dermatologist generated clinical data. METHODS:This prospective study assessed the ability of teledermatology to diagnose and manage 41 dermatology consults from a large urban tertiary care center utilizing internal medicine referral documentation and photos. Twenty-seven dermatology hospitalists were surveyed. Interrater agreement was assessed by the kappa statistic. RESULTS:There was substantial agreement between in-person and teledermatology assessment of the diagnosis with differential diagnosis …

Targeting Inflammation Driven By Hmgb1, H. Yang, H. Wang, U. Andersson

Journal Articles

© Copyright © 2020 Yang, Wang and Andersson. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a highly conserved, nuclear protein present in all cell types. It is a multi-facet protein exerting functions both inside and outside of cells. Extracellular HMGB1 has been extensively studied for its prototypical alarmin functions activating innate immunity, after being actively released from cells or passively released upon cell death. TLR4 and RAGE operate as the main HMGB1 receptors. Disulfide HMGB1 activates the TLR4 complex by binding to MD-2. The binding site is separate from that of LPS and it is now feasible to specifically interrupt …

Sé Un Héroe Tú También, Samantha S. Rohe, Sophie Cemaj

Books: Pediatrics

This children's book explains COVID-19 and how to decrease the incidence of transmissions.

Adjuvant Potency Of Astragaloside Vii Embedded Cholesterol Nanoparticles For H3n2 Influenza Vaccine, Rükan Genç, Ni̇lgün Yakuboğullari, Ayşe Nalbantsoy, Fethi̇ye Çöven, Erdal Bedi̇r

Turkish Journal of Biology

Adjuvants are substances that increase the immune response to a given antigen. In the development of novel vaccine adjuvants/ systems, saponins are one of the most attractive molecules due to their altered immunomodulatory activities. In this study, we tried to develop PEG (polyethylene glycol)/cholesterol-based lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to deliver the Astragaloside VII (AST-VII) and potentiate adjuvant properties of AST-VII for the influenza vaccine. In the formation of PEG/cholesterol/AST-VII-based LNPs (PEG300: Chol-AST-VII LNPs), 3 different primary solvents (acetone, ethanol, and chloroform) were evaluated, employing their effects on hydrodynamic particle size, distribution, surface chemistry, and colloidal stability. Prepared nanoparticles were simply admixtured …

Integration Of Transcriptomic Profile Of Sars-Cov-2 Infected Normal Human Bronchial Epi-Thelial Cells With Metabolic And Protein-Protein Interaction Networks, Hamza Umut Karakurt, Pinar Pi̇r

Turkish Journal of Biology

A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, formerly known as nCoV-2019) that causes an acute respiratory disease has emerged in Wuhan, China and spread globally in early 2020. On January the 30th, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared spread of this virus as an epidemic and a public health emergency. With its highly contagious characteristic and long incubation time, confinement of SARS-CoV-2 requires drastic lock-down measures to be taken and therefore early diagnosis is crucial. We analysed transcriptome of SARS-CoV-2 infected human lung epithelial cells, compared it with mock-infected cells, used network-based reporter metabolite approach and integrated the transcriptome data with protein-protein interaction …

Sars-Cov-2 Neutralizing Antibody Development Strategies, Bertan Koray Balcioğlu, Meli̇s Deni̇zci̇ Öncü, Hasan Ümi̇t Öztürk, Fatima Yücel, Fi̇li̇z Kaya, Müge Serhatli, Hi̇vda Ülbeği̇ Polat, Şaban Teki̇n, Ayli̇n Özdemi̇r Bahadir

Turkish Journal of Biology

In December 2019 a novel coronavirus was detected in Wuhan City of Hubei Province-China. Owing to a high rate of transmission from human to human, the new virus called SARS-CoV-2 differed from others by its unexpectedly rapid spread. The World Health Organization (WHO) described the most recent coronavirus epidemic as a global pandemic in March 2020. The virus spread triggered a health crisis (the COVID-19 disease) within three months, with socioeconomic implications. No approved targeted-therapies are available for COVID-19, yet. However, it is foreseen that antibody-based treatments may provide an immediate cure for patients. Current neutralizing antibody development studies primarily …

Covid-19: Current Knowledge, Disease Potential, Prevention And Clinical Advances, Aftab Alam, Mohd Faizan Siddiqui, Nikhat Imam, Rafat Ali, Mushtaque Mushtaque, Romana Ishrat

Turkish Journal of Biology

The top priority of any nation is to lead the nation towards prosperity, progress, and economic growth, confronting several challenges and concerns arisen from global situations. The sudden outbreak of any disease defies the health care systems and economy of nations. COVID-19 is one of the viral diseases which broke out in Wuhan city of China in 2019. COVID-19 outbreak intermittently prevailed all over the world. It exposes the fragility of the established health care systems across the world in spite of comprising modern science and technology. Unfortunately, there is no chemotherapeutic agent in the regimen of antiviral drugs or …

Sars-Cov-2 Isolation And Propagation From Turkish Covid-19 Patients, Ci̇han Taştan, Bulut Yurtsever, Gözde Karakuş, Derya Di̇lek Kançaği, Sevda Demi̇r, Selen Abanuz, Utku Seyi̇s, Mülazi̇m Yildirim, Recai̇ Kuzay, Ömer Eli̇bol, Serap Arbak, Merve Açikel Elmas, Selçuk Bi̇rdoğan, Osman Uğur Sezerman, Ayşe Sesi̇n Kocagöz

Turkish Journal of Biology

The novel coronavirus pneumonia, which was named later as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, namely SARS-CoV-2. It is a positive-strand RNA virus that is the seventh coronavirus known to infect humans. The COVID-19 outbreak presents enormous challenges for global health behind the pandemic outbreak. The first diagnosed patient in Turkey has been reported by the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health on March 11, 2020. In May, over 150,000 cases in Turkey, and 5.5 million cases around the world have been declared. Due to the urgent need for a vaccine and …

Gut-Lung Axis And Dysbiosis In Covid-19, Büşra Aktaş, Belma Aslim

Turkish Journal of Biology

COVID-19, a novel infectious disease, caused by SARS-CoV-2, affected millions of people around the world with a high mortality rate. Although SARS-CoV-2 mainly causes lung infection, gastrointestinal symptoms described in COVID-19 patients and detection of the viral RNA in feces of infected patients drove attentions to a possible fecal-oral transmission route of SARS-CoV-2. However, not only the viral RNA but also the infectious viral particles are required for the viral infection and no proof has been demonstrated the transmission of the infectious virus particles via the fecal-oral route yet. Growing evidence indicates the crosstalk between gut microbiota and lung, that …

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Promising Immunomodulators Against Autoimmune, Autoinflammatory Disorders And Sars-Cov-2 Infection, Ozlem Bulut, İhsan Gürsel

Turkish Journal of Biology

Discovery of novel and broad-acting immunomodulators is of critical importance for the prevention and treatment of disorders occurring due to overexuberant immune responseincluding SARS-CoV-2 triggered cytokine storm leading to lung pathology and mortality during the ongoing viral pandemic. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), highly regarded for their regenerative capacities, also possessesremarkable immunoregulatory functions affecting all types of innate and adaptive immune cells. Owing to that, MSCs have been heavily investigated in clinic for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases along with transplant rejection. Extensive research in the last decaderevealed that MSCs carry out most of their functions through paracrine factors …

Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Fauna Of The Velyka Dobron' Game Reserve (West Ukraine) With New Distribution Data And Medical Risk Assessment, Kálmán Szanyi, Antal Nagy, Attila Molnár, László József Szabó, Szabolcs Szanyi

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The distribution of mosquito species in the Transcarpathian part of Ukraine is poorly studied. Here we present the results of a four-year survey carried out in the Velyka Dobron' Game Reserve, and provide the actualized checklist of the Transcarpathian Culicidae fauna containing 32 species. Four of the sampled species have not been formerly known in Transcarpathia: Anopheles hyrcanus, Ochlerotatus cataphylla, Ochlerotatus nigrinus, Uranotaenia unguiculata. Based on quantitative composition of studied assemblage, vector potential of species and distribution of transmitted pathogens we evaluate the medical and veterinary risk caused by mosquitoes in Transcarpathian region.

Interleukin‐1 Blockade Inhibits The Acute Inflammatory Response In Patients With St‐Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Antonio Abbate, Cory R. Trankle, Leo F. Buckley, Michael J. Lipinski, Darryn Appleton, Dinesh Kadariya, Justin M. Canada, Salvatore Carbone, Charlotte S. Roberts, Nayef Abouzaki, Ryan Melchior, Sanah Christopher, Jeremy Turlington, George Mueller, James Garnett, Christopher Thomas, Roshanak Markley, George F. Wohlford, Laura Puckett, Horacio Medina De Chazal, Juan G. Chiabrando, Edoardo Bressi, Marco Giuseppe Del Buono, Aaron Schatz, Chau Vo, Dave L. Dixon, Giuseppe G. Biondi-Zoccai, Michael C. Kontos, Benjamin W. Van Tassell

Internal Medicine Publications

Background

ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction is associated with an intense acute inflammatory response and risk of heart failure. We tested whether interleukin‐1 blockade with anakinra significantly reduced the area under the curve for hsCRP (high sensitivity C‐reactive protein) levels during the first 14 days in patients with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction (VCUART3 [Virginia Commonwealth University Anakinra Remodeling Trial 3]).

Methods and Results

We conducted a randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, clinical trial in 99 patients with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction in which patients were assigned to 2 weeks treatment with anakinra once daily (N=33), anakinra twice daily (N=31), or placebo (N=35). hsCRP area under the …

Prevalence Of The Hypervirulent Nap1/Bi/027 Strain Of C. Difficile In Southwestern Virginia And Risk Factors Associated With Infection, Andrew O. Hanna, Anthony Baffoe-Bonnie, Shikha Vasudeva

Graduate Medical Education (GME) Resident and Fellow Research Day Posters

C. difficile infection (CDI) incidence has increased over the last several decades. The BI/NAP1/027 ribotype was discovered in 2005 and has since been responsible for multiple outbreaks in the US and Canada. This subtype of C. Difficile is known to be more virulent in vivo and produce more severe disease. Limited regional data of the prevalence of this ribotype is available, which could help guide treatment. Using infection control data from a large regional hospital and a VA medical center, this study documented the prevalence of the 027 ribotype in Southwest Virginia. Patients were included if they were tested at …

A Game-Theoretic Model Of Monkeypox To Assess Vaccination Strategies, Sri Vibhaav Bankuru, Samuel Kossol, William Hou, Parsa Mahmoudi, Jan Rychtář, Dewey Taylor

Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Publications

Monkeypox (MPX) is a zoonotic disease similar to smallpox. Its fatality rate is about 11% and it is endemic to the Central and West African countries. In this paper, we analyze a compartmental model of MPX dynamics. Our goal is to see whether MPX can be controlled and eradicated by voluntary vaccinations. We show that there are three equilibria—disease free, fully endemic and previously neglected semi-endemic (with disease existing only among humans). The existence of semi-endemic equilibrium has severe implications should the MPX virus mutate to increased viral fitness in humans. We find that MPX is controllable and can be …

Identifying The Primary Sources Of Fecal Contamination Along The Beaches And Rivers Of Trinidad, Ronell S.H. Bridgemohan, Dave S. Bachoon, Yingfan Wang, Puran Bridgemohan, Christine Mutiti, Adesh Ramsubhag

Faculty and Staff Works

The aim of this study was to identify the main sources of fecal pollution at popular beaches and rivers in the island of Trinidad. Escherichia coli enumeration and microbial source tracking (MST) were used to identify the primary sources of fecal bacteria contamination at the sites. Nineteen sites exceeded USEPA water quality standards for safe recreational use. Highest levels of fecal contamination were recorded on the central and west coasts of the island and included Brickfield River (4,839 MPN 100 ml-1), Orange Valley Bay (2,406.6 MPN 100 ml-1) and Chaguaramas Bay (1,921.2 MPN 100 ml-1). MST detected human (HF183) fecal …

University Of South Alabama College Of Medicine Annual Report For 2020-2021, College Of Medicine

COM Annual Reports

The 2020-21 annual report for the University of South Alabama College of Medicine catalogues the accomplishments of our faculty, staff and students relating to teaching, research, other scholarship and community service. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic continuing its prevalence, the accomplishments are significant.

Maternal Diabetes And Obesity Influence The Fetal Epigenome In A Largely Hispanic Population, Heather E. Rizzo, E. N. Escaname, Nicholas B. Alana, E. Lavender, J. Gelfond, R. Fernandez, Matthew A. Hibbs, Jonathan M. King, N. R. Carr, C. L. Blanco

Biology Faculty Research

BACKGROUND:

Obesity and diabetes mellitus are directly implicated in many adverse health consequences in adults as well as in the offspring of obese and diabetic mothers. Hispanic Americans are particularly at risk for obesity, diabetes, and end-stage renal disease. Maternal obesity and/or diabetes through prenatal programming may alter the fetal epigenome increasing the risk of metabolic disease in their offspring. The aims of this study were to determine if maternal obesity or diabetes mellitus during pregnancy results in a change in infant methylation of CpG islands adjacent to targeted genes specific for obesity or diabetes disease pathways in a largely …

Opioid Epidemic In West Virginia, Brianna Cole

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Introduction: One of West Virginia’s most prominent public health issues and concerns has been the opioid crisis. The opioid epidemic has taken the lives of so many of the West Virginia population. The purpose of this research study was to determine if the opioid epidemic had caused an increase of Hepatitis C among the West Virginia population and access treatment options.

Methodology: The methodology was a literature review. Twenty-five sources were referenced for this literature review from 2007-2020.

Results: This literature review has examined several sources of the Opioid Epidemic in West Virginia. The Opioid Epidemic in West Virginia have …

Markov Chain Epidemic Models And Parameter Estimation, Oluwatobiloba Ige

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Over the years, various parts of the world have experienced disease outbreaks. Mathematical models are used to describe these outbreaks. We study the transmission of disease in simple cases of disease outbreaks by using compartmental models with Markov chains. First, we explore the formulation of compartmental SIS (Susceptible-Infectious-Susceptible) and SIR (Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered) disease models. These models are the basic building blocks of other compartmental disease models. Second, we build SIS and SIR disease models using both discrete and continuous time Markov chains. In discrete time models, transmission occurs at fixed time steps, and in continuous time models, transmission may occur at …

First Grade Educators' Perceptions Of Their Confidence To Integrate The West Virginia Mathematical Habits Of Mind Into Classroom Practices, Monica Lynn Dellamea

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Mathematical proficiency during the early years is directly linked to later success in life, both regarding academics and economics. First grade educators must have the knowledge and skills to integrate the West Virginia Mathematical Habits of Mind (WV MHM) into their existing classroom instructional practices to help establish strong foundations for mathematical learning and thinking early on in children’s lives. This study investigated first grade educators’ perceptions of their confidence with integration of the WV MHM into their classroom instructional practices. Barriers to and supports for implementation, as well as educator demographics, were examined to determine any effect they may …

Debriefing Emergency Department Nurses During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jessica Hailstock

Master of Science in Nursing Theses and Projects

This study examined the consequences of increased stress experienced by emergency department nurses related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal was to acknowledge that this particular population of nurses already experience high levels of stress and that being on the frontlines of healthcare during a pandemic exacerbates the issue. Nursing leaders within the emergency department must acknowledge and monitor the nurses’ stress. Findings suggest that debriefing led by qualified individuals is a powerful intervention to combat the negative effects of stress.

A Review Of The Current Testing Methods For Sars-Cov-2 In The Us, Joshua Korn-Heilner

Seton Hall Biochemistry II Annals of Student Reviews

On March 11th 2020, the WHO classified the Covid-19 out-break as a pandemic1. As of May 10th 2020, according the WHO Situation Report-111, there are 3,917,366 confirmed cases of Covid-19 with 274,361 deaths globally2. The estimated basic reproduction number for Covid-19 is 2.2, meaning on average a person with the disease will infect 2 other people3. As of the date this paper was written, there are no conclusive methods of treatment, nor a vaccine for Covid-194. It is because of this that, arguably, the most effective policy to preventing deaths, harm, and extending isolation policies, is with mass tracking of …

Potential Drugs And Therapies To Treat Covid-19 And Other Related Coronaviruses, Emily Borland

Seton Hall Biochemistry II Annals of Student Reviews

The novel coronavirus that has recently emerged in Wuhan, China with probable bat origin is part of the betacoronavirus family which is similar to previously seen zoonotic based out breaks in the early 2000’s with SARS as well as in 2012 with MERS1. COVID-19 is the disease obtained from being infected by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, which enters through ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) cell receptors which is similar to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV uses the DDP4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4) cell receptor1. SARS-CoV-2 shares approximately 80% of its genomic identity with SARS-CoV2. Currently, there is a lot research being conducted to understand …

Baystate Medical Practices Annual Report - 2020, Andrew Artenstein Md

Baystate Medical Practices Annual Report

Fusion, 2020, George Washington University, William H. Beaumont Medical Research Honor Society

Fusion

No abstract provided.

Degradation Of Transcriptional Repressor Atf4 During Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity, Spencer G. Smith, Kathryn A. Haynes, Ashok N. Hegde

Faculty and Staff Works

Maintenance of long-term synaptic plasticity requires gene expression mediated by cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB). Gene expression driven by CREB can commence only if the inhibition by a transcriptional repressor activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4; also known as CREB2) is relieved. Previous research showed that the removal of ATF4 occurs through ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated proteolysis. Using chemically induced hippocampal long-term potentiation (cLTP) as a model system, we investigate the mechanisms that control ATF4 degradation. We observed that ATF4 phosphorylated at serine-219 increases upon induction of cLTP and decreases about 30 min thereafter. Proteasome inhibitor β-lactone prevents the decrease in ATF4. We found …

Global Health Learning Outcomes By Country Location And Duration For International Experiences, David R. Steeb, Monica L. Miller, Ellen M. Schellhase, Jodie V. Malhotra, Jacqueline E. Mclaughlin, Sarah A. Dascanio, Stuart T. Haines

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy. Objective. To determine the impact of country income classification and experience duration on learning outcomes for student pharmacists participating in international advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs). Methods. A mixed-methods, longitudinal study evaluated 81 fourth-year student pharmacists participating in an international APPE through one of three US universities. A pre-post survey was administered to evaluate students’ self-perceived growth across 13 competencies established by the Consortium of Universities for Global Health (CUGH). The survey included four additional open-ended questions. Student pharmacists were also invited to participate in a focus group. Paired and independent t …

Primary Healthcare Policy And Vision For Community Pharmacy And Pharmacists In The United States, Teresa M. Salgado, Meagen M. Rosenthal, Antoinette B. Coe, Tana N. Kaefer, Dave L. Dixon, Karen B. Farris

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020, Grupo de Investigacion en Atencion Farmaceutica. All rights reserved. The United States (US) has a complex healthcare system with a mix of public, private, nonprofit, and for-profit insurers, healthcare institutions and organizations, and providers. Unlike other developed countries, there is not a single payer healthcare system or a national pharmaceutical benefits scheme/plan. Despite spending over USD 10,000 per capita in healthcare, the US is among the worst performers compared to other developed countries in outcomes including life expectancy at birth, infant mortality, safety during childbirth, and unmanaged chronic conditions (e.g., asthma, diabetes). Primary care is delivered by physicians …