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Transcriptomic Profiles Of Confirmed Pediatric Tuberculosis Patients And Household Contacts Identifies Active Tuberculosis, Infection, And Treatment Response Among Indian Children, Jeffrey A. Tornheim, Anil K. Madugundu, Mandar Paradkar, Kiyoshi F. Fukutani

Open Access archive

Background: Gene expression profiling is emerging as a tool for tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment response monitoring, but limited data specific to Indian children and incident tuberculosis infection (TBI) exist. Methods: Sixteen pediatric Indian tuberculosis cases were age- and sex-matched to 32 tuberculosis-exposed controls (13 developed incident TBI without subsequent active tuberculosis). Longitudinal samples were collected for ribonucleic acid sequencing. Differential expression analysis generated gene lists that identify tuberculosis diagnosis and tuberculosis treatment response. Data were compared with published gene lists. Population-specific risk score thresholds were calculated. Results: Seventy-one genes identified tuberculosis diagnosis and 25 treatment response. Within-group expression was partially …

Nature's Wake Up Call, Angelica Escobar

Journalism

How deforestation contributes to pandemics.

Development And Characterization Of Selective Cb2r Inverse Agonists As A Novel Anti-Inflammatory Therapy For Neuroinflammation – Mechanisms Of Action In Murine And Human Microglia Models Provide Valuable Insights Into Their Therapeutic Potential, Sahar Saleh Alghamdi

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Introduction: Recently, research has revealed the presence of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R) in the central nervous system (CNS); since then, the receptor has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for treating multiple neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) such as Alzheimer’s (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The restricted and upregulated expression of CB2R in activated microglia and lack of psychotropic activity make this receptor an attractive target for discovering novel therapy to treat neuroinflammatory diseases for which there is currently no curative treatment. Methodology: A library of compounds were synthesized and evaluated in ACTOne and TANGO-bla functional …

2020-04-27 Daily Unm Global Health Covid-19 Briefing, Christophe G. Lambert, Shawn Stoicu, Ingrid Hendrix, Lori D. Sloane, Todd Quinn, Anastasiya Nestsiarovich, Praveen Kumar, Nicolas Lauve, Ariel Hurwitz, Lynnmarie Jarratt, Jenny Situ, Alexandra Yingling, Elly Munde, Cristian Bologa, Kristine Tollestrup, Orrin Myers, Douglas J. Perkins

HSC Covid 19 Briefings

Executive Summary:

NM daily cases. McKinley surpasses Bernalillo cases. NM personal stories. Pushes for earlier reopening: Grants, Roosevelt, Lea, Albuquerque. Bus route reopening. Unpaid substitute teachers. Union nurse protest. Georgia reopening. CVS Walgreens LabCorp testing. WHO endorses federal plan. Australians embrace tracing. Brazil overwhelmed. Kawasaki disease elevated. Contamination simulations. Rice cooker mask steaming. Novel eye mask. 3 million worldwide cases. Contact tracing pitfalls. Malaria inverse relationship. Wastewater surveillance. Homeless testing. Predicting death rates. Urban informal settlements. Global health guide. Improving quarantine adherence. Practice guidelines: multiple myeloma, pediatric management, pediatric dialysis, PPE in oro/nasopharyngeal conditions. Recombinant ACE2 blocks virus. Viral life …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - April 26, 2020, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the April 26, 2020 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's Newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

Daniel to receive alumni award from UAB Public Health

Phung, physician-scientist, joins pathology faculty at USA College of Medicine

Feelings are neither good nor bad – they just are

2020-04-26_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Investigating The Role Of The Etc In Listeria Monocytogenes During Ethanol Exposure, Amanda Fawcett

Honors Theses

To better understand how alcohol consumption negatively impacts our defenses against pathogens, I investigated how Listeria monocytogenes, a foodborne pathogen that can cause serious infections, responds to ethanol exposure. More specifically, I investigated the contribution of the electron transport chain (ETC), which involves different proteins to carry out respiration, in L. monocytogenes survival in ethanol. Survival assays were performed under different physiologically relevant conditions for wildtype bacteria and mutants deficient in ETC components. I found that ETC mutants, compared to wildtype bacteria, exhibited significantly altered ethanol survival in a manner sensitive to oxygen levels. This suggests that ETC plays a …

2020-04-25/26 Daily Unm Global Health Covid-19 Briefing, Christophe G. Lambert, Shawn Stoicu, Ingrid Hendrix, Anastasiya Nestsiarovich, Praveen Kumar, Nicolas Lauve, Ariel Hurwitz, Lauren Tagliaferro Epler, Alexandra Yingling, Samuel Anyona, Perez Olewe, Tudor I. Oprea, Cristian Bologa, Orrin Myers, Douglas J. Perkins

HSC Covid 19 Briefings

Executive Summary:

NM and Navajo Nation case reports. NM unemployment assistance. Mount Sinai experience. NYC antibody testing starts. US states reopening. US hospitals closure risk. UK universal weekly testing. Russia holiday spikes. Assessments of double-layered cloth masks. Microwave steam disinfection. N95 reuse. Ophthalmic equipment shields. Phased reopening. Inverse quarantine. Low GI endoscopy transmission. Nursing facility transmission. Predicting per-state cases. Forecasting hospital demand. Ventilator triage policies. CDC/OSHA meat processing. Antivirals and DOACs. Thrombotic ultrasound screening. Thromboembolic complications. CT findings reporting. Nasal cannulas over ventilators. Safe intubation/extubation. Convalescent plasma eligibility. Safe ultrasound. Invasive cardiac electrophysiology. Esophageal oncologic surgery. Mental health COPD. Antibody …

2020-04-25_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Neuroborreliosis, Or Both, Sameea Husain-Wilson

All Publications

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute paralytic neuropathy. Limited reports of GBS caused by tick-borne pathogens exist. Lyme disease is a tick-borne infectious disease that is commonly caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. The nervous system may be involved and is called neuroborreliosis. In this case, we report a 30-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with one week of diffuse, increasing weakness in the upper/lower extremities and face after a recent gastrointestinal illness and travel to the Northeastern United States. Areflexia was noted in bilateral lower extremities. Lumbar puncture results together with clinical presentation were consistent with a diagnosis of …

The Perceived Discrimination Of Homeless Individuals Within Healthcare, Rachel Major

Academic Festival

Since the cost of living in the United States continues to rise, homelessness is a progressing issue with limited effective interventions. Even though “homelessness” can be temporary, many experience chronic homelessness and are near helpless in their situation.Various studies have exemplified higher rates of mortality and morbidity within this marginalized population, and specifically, the homeless are more likely to die young between 42 and 52 years of age.Without the same resources as the general population, it is evidently impossible for them to receive the same healthcare benefits. While the general population has financial resources to aid them in overcoming illness, …

Hospital-Acquired Infection Outcomes Under A Patient-Centered Hand Hygiene Initiative, Nina Fiellin

Yale School of Medicine Physician Associate Program Theses

Hospital-acquired infections are common and represent the most frequent adverse event in healthcare delivery. Hand hygiene has been identified as the most effective intervention to prevent the spread of hospital-acquired infections. Although patients have been identified as vectors, the role of increased patient hand hygiene in the reduction of hospital-acquired infections has not been determined. We propose that the addition of a patient-centered hand hygiene intervention among hospitalized adult patients on general medicine floors will result in a 30% reduction in acquisition of hospital-acquired infections over the time period of 18-months in comparison to the standard of care focused on …

Liposomal Amphotericin B And Flucytosine Versus Micafungin In Treatment Of Candida Endocarditis, Anton Matthew Yanker

Yale School of Medicine Physician Associate Program Theses

Candida endocarditis is a life-threatening, opportunistic fungal infection of the endocardium. The mortality rate of Candida endocarditis is approximately 50% and has been increasing in incidence over recent years. Historically, amphotericin B and flucytosine has been considered the standard of treatment for candida endocarditis, but is limited by safety concerns of amphotericin B, primarily nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. Echinocandins, such as micafungin, have demonstrated similar efficacy in other forms of invasive candidiasis with better safety profiles, but there have been no large-scale or direct comparison trials. In this review, we summarize existing data between micafungin, an echinocandin, vs. amphotericin B and …

2020-04-24_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Stampede April 24, 2020, Western Michigan University

Stampede: E-newsletter for students

• Caps off to the grads!
• Kordell Smith (Business)
• Alaa Sleymann (Biological Sciences)
• Kobe Brown (Theatre)
• WMU nursing program students, faculty are pandemic prepared
• Student social media campaign helps WMU community #staypositive
• Campus community pitching in to provide WMU students with essentials
• Aviation alum delivers critical supplies, personnel for pandemic response
• WMU senior engineering students solve problems facing business, industry and people
• Future Broncos use talents to help frontline health care workers
• Broncos at home
• Music challenge aims to build harmony, community from a distance
• For the birds: Avian adventures bring comfort while social distancing

Covid-19 Update For The University Of Mississippi Community, April 24, 2020, University Of Mississippi

COVID-19 Emails

No abstract provided.

Daily Digest - Friday, April 24, 2020 Covid-19 Updates, University Of Mississippi

COVID-19 Website Archives

Campus Update Daily Digest for Friday, April 24, 2020

Dialysis Access Steals And Leads To Limb Ischemia, Supraja Thunuguntla, Mohammed Rizwan, Jose E. Campo Maldonado

School of Medicine Publications

Dialysis Access Associated Steal Syndrome (DASS) reported incidence is low, (6.2%) [1]. Symptoms are dialysis induced hand pain, coldness, numbness, sensory loss which can lead to inevitable digital gangrene and amputation if the diagnosis is delayed. Duplex arterial ultrasound and electromyography (EMG) can help differentiate DASS from Ischemic monomelic neuropathy (IMN), a variation of DASS. Treatment options are individualized based on the location of the AV fistula, severity of presentation, presence of anatomical anomalies of involved vasculature. Comprehensive review of literature demonstrates this outcome of finger gangrene in young patients with ESRD is primarily associated with preexisting diffuse vascular disease …

Determining Ideal Swab Type For Collection Of The Microbiome For Forensic Identification Purposes, Natalie M. Wise

Honors Projects

In recent years, forensic scientists have begun looking at the microbiome as a new possible human identification method. The microbiome is made up of all the microorganisms living on or in the human body.¹ It is believed that it may be possible to use the microbiome as a unique identifier, to link cohabitating individuals, or even to connect a person with a specific location. In order to study the microbiome, we must first be able to successfully collect it, and then, release it from that collection tool for examination. This may sound simple, but this area of research is …

Covid-19 And Inequity: A Comparative Spatial Analysis Of New York City And Chicago Hot Spots, Andrew Maroko, Denis Nash, Brian Pavilonis

Publications and Research

There have been numerous reports that the impact of the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic has disproportionately impacted traditionally vulnerable communities, including well-researched social determinants of health, such as racial and ethnic minorities, migrants, and the economically challenged. The goal of this ecological cross-sectional study is to examine the demographic and economic nature of spatial hot and cold spots of SARS-CoV-2 rates in New York City and Chicago as of April 13, 2020.

In both cities, cold spots (clusters of low SARS-CoV-2 rate ZIP code tabulation areas) demonstrated typical protective factors associated with the social determinants of health and the ability to …

The Role Of Reactive Oxygen Species In The Gut Immune Response Of Cat Fleas (Ctenocephalides Felis), Clark Hall

Honors College Theses

Fleas transmit numerous deadly and debilitating diseases, including the causative agents of murine typhus and plague. Because initial entry of these infectious agents occurs while blood feeding, the immune response in the flea gut is considered to be the first line of defense against invading microbes. However, relatively few studies have identified the flea immune molecules that effectively resist or limit infection in the gut. In other hematophagous insects, an immediate immune response to imbibed pathogens is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we utilized cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) to investigate whether natural infections …

Doubling Time Of The Covid-19 Epidemic By Province, China, Kamalich Muniz-Rodriguez, Gerardo Chowell, Chi-Hin Cheung, Dongyu Jia, Po-Ying Lai, Yiseul Lee, Manyun Liu, Sylvia Ofori, Kimberlyn M. Roosa, Lone Simonsen, Cecile Viboud, Isaac Fung

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

In China, the doubling time of the coronavirus disease epidemic by province increased during January 20–February 9, 2020. Doubling time estimates ranged from 1.4 (95% CI 1.2–2.0) days for Hunan Province to 3.1 (95% CI 2.1–4.8) days for Xinjiang Province. The estimate for Hubei Province was 2.5 (95% CI 2.4–2.6) days.

Examining Zika Virus: Transmission, Diagnosis, Treatment, And Prevention, Noura Taybeh

BU Well

The Zika virus is a mosquito-borne virus that was first isolated in Uganda in 1947 and has since caused outbreaks in many parts of the world. It has multiple routes of transmission and may cause acute illness and death if not treated. The Zika virus becomes a major concern if transmitted from mother to fetus as it increases the chance of birth defects and developmental problems to the unborn baby. This article highlights the importance of early diagnosis and describes Zika virus’ transmission, treatment, and prevention.

Characterizing The Epidemiology Of Bluetongue And Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus In Louisiana, Michael Edward Becker

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Bluetongue virus (BTV) and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (EHDV) are arthropod-borne viruses (Reoviridae; Orbivirus) transmitted by biting midges in the genus Culicoides. These viruses cause hemorrhagic disease and induce serious morbidity and mortality rates in wild and captive deer. Cattle are normally asymptomatic but serve as the reservoir/amplifying host for these viruses and play an important role in the transmission cycle. The objectives of this study were to characterize the epidemiology of these viruses as they relate to white-tailed deer and cattle, evaluate different trap types for collecting Culicoides midges, and determine if these viruses can be detected …

How Immune T-Cell Augmentation Can Help Prevent Covid-19: A Possible Nutritional Solution Using Ketogenic Lifestyle, Ravi K. Kamepalli Md,Fidsa,Cwsp

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Spartan Daily, April 23, 2020, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2020

Volume 154, Issue 37

Minutes, College Of Liberal Arts Executive Committee Meeting, Thursday, April 23, 2020, College Of Liberal Arts Executive Committe

Executive Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.

2020-04-23_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Estimating Population Immunity Without Serological Testing, Andrew Lesniewski

Publications and Research

We propose an approximate methodology for estimating the overall level of immunity against COVID-19 in a population that has been affected by the recent epidemic. The methodology relies on the currently available mortality data and utilizes the properties of the SIR model. We illustrate the application of the method by estimating the recent levels of immunity in 10 US states with highest case numbers of COVID-19.

Cardiac Tamponade Secondary To Covid-19, Mohammed F. Dabbagh, Lindsey Aurora, Penny L. D'Souza, Allison J. Weinmann, Pallavi Bhargava, Mir B. Basir

Cardiology Articles

A 67-year-old female presented with upper respiratory symptoms and was diagnosed with COVID-19. She was found to have a large hemorrhagic pericardial effusion with echocardiographic signs of tamponade and mild left ventricular impairment. Clinical course was complicated by development of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. She was treated with pericardiocentesis, colchicine, corticosteroids and hydroxychloroquine with improvement in symptoms.