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Prevalence Of Ectoparasites On A Stray Cat Population From "Town Of Knowledge" Kotasamarahan, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, Naim Che Kamaruddin, Madinah Adrus, Wan Nurainie Wan Ismail

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Stray cats survive on their own and scavenge the surrounding areas for food to survive. Their exploitation to investigate the prevalence of ectoparasites can be of great medical importance for humans as they harbour a variety of zoonotic pathogens. Therefore, a survey of ectoparasites on stray cats was carried out from November 2017 to March 2018 around the Town of Knowledge to determine the prevalence of ectoparasites in stray cats and their potential to threaten the public health by infesting stray cats around Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. A total of 150 individuals of stray cats have been examined for …

Effect Of Prebiotics On The Growth Performance, Haematological, Biochemical, Andhistological Parameters Of African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) In Recirculatingaquaculture System, Ercüment Genç, Münevver Ayçe Genç, Doğukan Kaya, Fai̇k Sertel Seçer, Abdolsaleh Qaranji̇ki̇, Derya Güroy

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) was investigated under controlled conditions in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The experiment tested the effects of three different dietary prebiotics (FOS: fructooligosaccharide, GOS: galactooligosaccharide, and MOS: mannanoligosaccharide) in two levels (1 g/kg and 2 g/kg) and a control diet on the growth performance, survival rate, haematological and biochemical parameters, and small intestinal and liver histology of the African catfish. Better growth results were obtained in MOS (2 g/kg) supplementation, and there was a statistical difference (P < 0.05) between the MOS (2 g/kg) and the control group. Haematological parameters (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, red blood cell, white blood cell, lymphocyte, neutrophil, and glucose) were similar among all groups (P > 0.05) while some (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase enzymes, and monocyte) were significantly different (P < 0.05). The MOS (2 g/kg) group had longer villi length values than the control group. There was no difference among the groups in terms of small intestine histomorphology and liver tissues in fish. According to the results of this experiment, it can be said that MOS addition has a positive effect on growth parameters and could improve health conditions in Clarias gariepinus culture.

Ecotoxicological Investigation Of Cyanobacterial Crude Extracts Todaphnia Magna Under Subchronic Test Conditions, Tan Duc Nguyen, Xuan Quang Ngo, Thanh Luu Pham, Thanh Son Dao

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Cyanobacterial blooms often consist of mixtures of microcystin-producing and microcystin-free species, and both can cause unpredictable effects on aquatic organisms. In this work, the subchronic effects of the cyanobacterial crude extracts (CCEs) from microcystin-producing and microcystin-free cyanobacteria with different microcystin concentrations (1, 10, and 50 μgL$^{-1}$)on Daphnia magna were investigated. The life-history trait responses of D. magna to CCEs were determined based on survival, reproduction, and somatic growth. In addition, the physiological response, represented by the feeding rate of D. magna on green algae (Scenedesmus sp.), after exposure to both types of crude extracts was estimated. Our results showed that …

Growth, Fattening Performance, And Carcass Characteristics Of Saanen, Turkish Hair ×Saanen, And Honamlı × Saanen Crossbred Kids, Aykut Asim Akbaş, Özkan Elmaz, Mehmet Sari, Hakan Üstüner, Şükran Kuleaşan, Mustafa Saatci

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The study was carried out to investigate the possibilities of obtaining slaughtered kids using indigenous breeds in Saanen flocks, which does not require breeding. The birth weights were 3.22 kg, 3.05 kg, and 3.18 kg for the Saanen, Turkish Hair × Saanen (F$_{1}$), and Honamlı × Saanen (F$_{1}$) crossbred kids, respectively. The mean live weight values of the same genotypes at the end of fattening (146th day) were determined as 25.96 kg, 27.11 kg, and 29.57 kg for the male kids, respectively. The cold carcass weights and dressing percentage (%) of the same genotypes were determined to be 10.95 kg, …

Effect Of Chemical- And Toxin Binder-Treated Cotton Seed Cake On Milk Production, Milkcomposition, And Aflatoxin Concentration In Milk Of Nili Ravi Lactating Buffaloes, Murtaza Ali Tipu, Anjum Khalique, Muhammad Naveed Ul-Haque, Muhammad Qamer Shahid, Maqsood Akhtar, Mubashir Ilyas

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Twelve multiparous Nili Ravi buffaloes were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments in a randomized, replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design to evaluate the effect of chemical (calcium propionate)- and toxin binder (sodium bentonite)-treated cotton seed cake (CSC) on milk yield and transfer of milk toxin (M1). Periods (20 days) were allocated for each treatment. In the 1st treatment (control), CSC with 100 μg/kg of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was fed to buffaloes. The 2nd and 3rd treatments were 0.5% calcium-propionate-treated CSC and 1.0% sodium-bentonite-treated CSC, respectively. Each group had 4 multiparous buffaloes. The buffaloes given 0.5% calcium propionate CSC …

The Effect Of Year, Month, Region, And Herd Size On Bulk Tank Somatic Cell And Standardplate Count, And The Determination Of Optimum Herd Size In The Intensive Holsteinfriesian Dairy Farms In The Turkish Republic Of Cyprus, Hati̇ce Di̇lek Arsoy

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of mount, year, region, and herd size on the bulk tank somatic cell count (SCC) and standard plate count (SPC) and total milk production of Holstein Friesian cows and to decide for optimum herd size in Northern Cyprus. The total number of cattle was 64,450 heads and the number of enterprises was 168 in 2016. The milk samples were collected once or twice a month from each herd. SCC and SPC were determined with the Fluoro-opto-electronic counter method. Herd sizes were described from small to extra-large enterprises for Northern Cyprus …

The Effects Of Season And Chick Sex On Certain Performance Parameters In Commercialturkey Farms In The Aegean Region, Gündüz İlsever, Pembe Di̇lara Keçi̇ci̇, Bülent Eki̇z

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of season and sex on the production efficiency of commercial turkey farms in the Aegean Region. The data of 1161 production periods (570 male and 591 female) on 139 turkey farms between 2008 and 2017 were analysed. Daily feed consumption, feed conservation ratio (FCR), average daily gain (ADG), performance index, and carcass weight (P < 0.001) were higher in males than females. While males and females had a similar mortality rate in the first week (P > 0.05), the mortality rate in the later stages was higher in males (P < 0.001). The mortality rate in the initial period was highest in production periods that began in winter and lowest in those that began in summer (P < 0.001). The total mortality rate was higher in the autumn group than in the spring and summer groups (P < 0.001). Rearing season × sex interaction had a significant influence on the performance characteristics investigated in the study, except for mortality rates and survival. In males, FCR was lower in the autumn and winter groups than that of the spring and summer groups (P < 0.05). The highest ADG values were observed in the summer group for males and in the winter group for females. The best performance index was in the summer group in males, and the lowest performance index was observed in the autumn group for both males and females. In conclusion, environmental arrangements are needed in order to reduce the mortality rate and improve performance in production periods that began in autumn and winter.

The Effect Of Staphylococcus Aureus Extracellular Products (Secp) On Performance,Selective Innate Immune Indexes, And Humoral Immune Response Against Avian Influenzaand Newcastle Disease Vaccines In Broiler Chickens, Teimour Tabari, Younes Papi, Esmaeil Azizi, Forough Talazadeh, Ramezan Ali Jafari, Masoud Ghorbanpoor

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Improving the immune response is important for many reasons such as vaccine failure, immunosuppressive diseases, and antibiotics misuse. Research on materials likely to have immune-enhancing effects has been on the rise. Factors, substances, or compounds that can regulate different functions of the immune system can be used to enhance specific and even nonspecific responses to vaccines. Different amounts (0, 25, 50, and 100 μg) of Staphylococcus aureus extracellular products (SECP) were injected subcutaneously to different groups of chickens during the first vaccination against avian influenza (AI) and Newcastle disease (ND) viruses to investigate the effect of SECP on innate and …

Oxidative Stress In Calves With Enzootic Pneumonia, Mustafa Özbek, Cumali̇ Özkan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was performed to evaluate the oxidative stress in calves with enzootic pneumonia. Ninety calves that were 2?6 months old were used in this study. Ten of these calves were healthy and used as the control group, while 80 were diagnosed with enzootic pneumonia according to the clinical examinations. The biochemical results showed that total oxidant status (TOS), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and sialic acid (SA) levels were higher in calves with enzootic pneumonia than in the control group. While there was a statistically significant increase in TOS, MDA, and SA concentrations, there was not any statistically significant …

How Consumers' Consciousness And Perception Levels Affect Purchase Intention Of Organicchicken Meat In Turkey, Bi̇lge Acar Bolat, Ferhan Kaygisiz, Di̇ren Bulut

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of consumers' consciousness levels through their perception levels on purchase intention towards organic chicken meat. While consciousness levels of organic chicken meat were handled in terms of animal welfare awareness and health, perception levels were dealt with in terms of food safety, price, and benefit. Structural equation modeling was used to find out which factors have a significant effect on purchase intention. As a result of the analysis, it was found that consumers' animal welfare awareness had a positive effect on food safety perception and health consciousness had a …

Comparative Evaluation Of The Effects Of Different Thawing Methods On Bull Spermcharacteristics With Computer-Assisted Semen Analysis, Murat Selçuk, Eser Akal, Burcu Esi̇n, Mustafa Yi̇ği̇t Ni̇zam, Merve Deni̇z Genç

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Postthaw survival of spermatozoa with high motility and vitality is required for successful artificial insemination. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two different thawing methods on motility, morphology, kinematic parameters, and viability of spermatozoa with a computer-assisted semen analyzer (CASA). Frozen bull spermatozoa were thawed by using two different thawing procedures: 1) Water bath; straws were thawed in a water bath at 37 °C for 30 s. 2) Dry thawing system; straws were thawed in a dry thawing device at 37 °C for 30 s. A total of 10 straws were used for each thawing …

Retrospective Evaluation Of Factors Affecting Superovulatory Response In Embryoproduction In Simmental Cattle, Hüseyi̇n Erdem, Hasan Alkan, Tahi̇r Karaşahi̇n, Şükrü Dursun, Fatma Satilmiş, Mehmet Güler

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In the present study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of lactation status, days in milk (DIM), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) dose, and repeated superstimulations on superovulation response and embryo yield in Simmental cattle. In the present study, 193 Simmental breed cattle (lactating, nonlactating, and heifer) were used as donors, of which 149 were superovulated only once and the other 44 were superovulated for 3 times. Progesterone-based estrus synchronization protocol was applied to the donors. Starting from day 7, FSH was given intramuscularly to donors in decreasing doses twice a day for 4 days. The donors were injected with …

Physiological And Pharmacological Roles Of Melatonin In The Pathophysiologicalcomponents Of Cellular Injury After Ischemic Stroke, Ertuğrul Kiliç, Berrak Çağlayan, Mustafa Caglar Beker

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Apart from its metabolic or physiological functions, melatonin has a potent cytoprotective activity in the physiological and pathological conditions. It is synthetized by the pineal gland and released into the blood circulation but particularly cerebrospinal fluid in a circadian manner. It can also easily diffuse through cellular membranes due its small size and lipophilic structure. Its cytoprotective activity has been linked to its potent free radical scavenger activity with the desirable characteristics of a clinically- reliable antioxidant. Melatonin detoxifies oxygen and nitrogen-based free radicals and oxidizing agents, including the highly toxic hydroxyl-and peroxynitrite radicals, initiating cellular damage. However, the cytoprotective …

Behçet Syndrome As A Construct, Hasan Yazici

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

We still do not know the cause(s) of Behçet syndrome. Most probably several, separate disease mechanisms are involved. I, like some others, propose we call it not a disease but a syndrome, a construct with a list of strong and weak elements. I like to think that this frank admission of our ignorance of its cause(s) will be an important semantic stimulus for more meaningful research.

The Negative Effects Of Dry Eye Disease On Quality Of Life And Visual Function, Lee W. Guo, Esen Akpek

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

In recent years, dry eye has become a hot topic within ophthalmology and optometry, especially in regards to new frontiers in treatment modalities which include novel devices, procedures, and medications. However, some of the more understudied areas in dry eye involve its impact on quality of life. Although ocular discomfort symptoms are well known to be associated with dry eye, its negative effects on visual function remain underrecognized. This paper reviews these topics within the currently published literature to heighten awareness among clinicians.

Thalamocortical Network Interruption: A Fresh View For Migraine Symptoms, Hayrunni̇sa Bolay Belen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Migraine is a multifaceted brain disorder where multisensory disturbances are associated with headache. Yet sensory symptoms are conventionally justified by dysfunctions confined to the cerebral cortex, a perspective through the complex interplay of thalamocortical network would provide the entire picture, more pertinent to the central sensory processing. It is important to consider thalamus as a hub that integrates multiple domains via extensive connections among anatomically and functionally separate cortical areas. Accordingly, cortical spreading depression (CSD), implicated in migraine pathophysiology can be seen as a tool to disconnect thalamocortical network by functionally eliminating cerebral cortex. Hence, including thalamic reticular nucleus and …

Bmp And Tgfß Use And Release In Bone Regeneration, Zeynep Bal, Junichi Kushioka, Joe Kodama, Takashi Kaito, Hideki Yoshikawa, Petek Korkusuz, Feza Korkusuz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

A fracture that does not unite in nine months is defined as nonunion. Nonunion is common in fragmented fractures and large bone defects where vascularization is impaired. The distal third of the tibia, the scaphoid bone or the talus fractures are furthermore prone to nonunion. Open fractures and spinal fusion cases also need special monitoring for healing. Bone tissue regeneration can be attained by autografts, allografts, xenografts and synthetic materials, however their limited availability and the increased surgical time as well as the donor site morbidity of autograft use, and lower probability of success, increased costs and disease transmission and …

Adjustable Bone Plate: State Of Art, Gazi̇ Huri̇

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The success of treatment of bone fracture and defects are based on a proper contact and compression between the bone fracture fragments. Intraoperative manipulations such as bone compression or distractions are generally done in order to achieve this. However, none of the bone plates currently in routine use allow these manipulations after fixation to the bone, requiring refixation and repeated drilling, and screwing operations. Based on this shortcoming, we designed a novel adjustable bone plate (ABP) system which allows bone shortening and lengthening even after fixation to the bone surface. The aim of the paper is to clarify the …

Update On Liver Transplantation-Newer Aspects, Rahşan Olga Meti̇n, Cem Şi̇mşek, Ahmet Ömür Gürakar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Liver transplantation (LT) remains the only therapeutic option offering gold standard treatment for end-stage liver disease (ESLD) and acute liver failure (ALF), as well as for certain early-stage liver tumors. Currently, the greatest challenge facing LT is the simple fact that there are not enough adequate livers for all the potential patients that could benefit from LT. Despite efforts to expand the donor pool to include living and deceased donors, organ shortage is still a major problem in many countries. To solve this problem, the use of marginal liver grafts has become an inevitable choice. Although the definition of marginal …

Molecular Subtyping Bladder Cancer: Is It Ready For Clinical Practice?, Funda Vakar Lopez

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Bladder cancer, one of the more common cancers, is a heterogeneous disease, both morphologically and clinically. Although histological classification and extent of the disease (staging) guide treatment options, the heterogeneity in responses to therapy highlights the need for better stratification of patients for the appropriate therapy in order to achieve better outcomes. Several molecular classifications of muscle-invasive bladder cancer have been proposed but currently their use in clinical practice is limited by the complexity of the methods used and diversity of the subtypes.

Tuberous Sclerosis: A Review Of The Past, Present, And Future, Sanem Pinar Uysal, Mustafa Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant, multisystem disorder that is characterized by cellular and tissue dysplasia in several organs. With the advent of genetic and molecular techniques, mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes were discovered to be responsible for mTOR overactivation, which is the underlying mechanism of pathogenesis. TSC is a highly heterogenous clinical entity with variable presentations and severity of disease. The brain, heart, skin, eyes, kidneys, and lungs are commonly involved in this syndrome, with neurologic symptoms comprising a significant source of morbidity and mortality. In 2012, the diagnostic criteria for TSC were revised by …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Igg4-Related Disease: A Contemporary Review, Hazan Karadeni̇z, Augusto Vaglio

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD), is an immune-mediated fibroinflammatory condition, which may involve multiple organs and mostly presents with high serum IgG4 levels and specific histopathological characteristics. As IgG4-RD is a relatively new entity the etiology, prevalence and epidemiologic knowledge is quite limited. Although involvement of almost all anatomical regions has been reported, the most commonly affected regions are pancreas, lacrimal glands, salivary glands, retroperitoneum, orbita, lymph nodes, kidney and lungs. Diagnosis is made with combined evaluation of clinical, radiological and histopathological findings. Typical histopathological features include storiform fibrosis, dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates and obliterative phlebitis. Its course is typically marked …

Graft-Versus-Cancereffect And Innovative Approaches In Thetreatment Of Refractorysolid Tumors, Uğur Şahi̇n, Taner Demi̇rer

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has been used for the treatment of various refractory solid tumors during the last two decades. After the demonstration of graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect in a leukemic murine model following allo-HSCT from other strains of mice, graft-versus-tumor (GvT) effect in a solid tumor after allo-HSCT has also been reported in a murine model in 1984. Several trials have reported the presence of a GvT effect in patients with various refractory solid tumors, including renal, ovarian and colon cancers, as well as soft tissue sarcomas [1]. The growing data on haploidentical transplants also indicate GvT …

Ankaferd Hemostat: From Molecules To Medicine, Rafi̇ye Çi̇ftçi̇ler, İbrahi̇m Celaletti̇n Haznedaroğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Ankaferd hemostat (ABS; Ankaferd Blood Stopper® , İstanbul, Turkey) is a hemostatic agent having an impact on red blood cell-fibrinogen interactions. The hemostatic effect of ABS depends upon the quick promotion of a protein network, particularly fibrinogen gamma, in relation to the erythrocyte aggregation. The entire physiological process involves ABS-induced formation of the protein network by vital erythrocyte aggregation. Vital erythrocyte aggregation occurs with the spectrine, ankyrin, and actin proteins on the membrane of the red blood cells. ABS notably affects cell metabolism and cell cycle mechanisms. Meanwhile, ABS has antiproliferative effects on cancer cells. The aim of this review …

Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis: An Integrated Approach With Biochemical And Clinical Aspects, Özcan Erel, Serpi̇l Erdoğan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis (TDH) is a new area has begun to attract more scrutiny. Dynamic TDH is reversal of thiol oxidation in proteins and represents the status of thiols (-SH) and disulfides (-S-S-). Organic compounds containing the sulfhydryl group is called thiol, composed of sulfur and hydrogen atoms. Disulfides are the most important class of dynamic, redox responsive covalent bonds build in between two thiol groups. For many years, thiol levels were analyzed by several methods. During last years, measurements of disulfide levels have been analyzed by a novel automated method, developed by Erel and Neselioglu. In this method, addition …

Sheq: Using The Power Of Emotional Intelligence For Success, Jen Shirkani, Steve Friedlein, Angela Bearor, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Women's Initiatives Executive Committee

Guides, Handbooks and Manuals

No abstract provided.

Chapter 4:Cleaning And Disinfecting, Georgia Southern University

Covid-19 Pandemic: News & Publications (Archived)

• How to Clean and Disinfect

Chapter 5: Monitor Your Health, Georgia Southern University

Covid-19 Pandemic: News & Publications (Archived)

• Monitoring Your Health
• Signs and Symptoms
• When to Seek Emergeny Medical Attention
• Covid-19 Georgia Southern Employee Decision Trees and Guidance
• If Someone in Your Home is Sick

Chapter 7: Resources, Georgia Southern University

Covid-19 Pandemic: News & Publications (Archived)

• Campus Resources
• Additional Resources and Information