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2020

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Optogenetic Guide Rna Production For Spatiotemporal Regulation Of Crispr/Cas Systems, Diego Augusto Velasquez Pulgarin Jan 2020

Optogenetic Guide Rna Production For Spatiotemporal Regulation Of Crispr/Cas Systems, Diego Augusto Velasquez Pulgarin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Spatiotemporal organization and regulation of genomic and epigenomic processes is a phenomenon central to life. The pursuit of knowledge about these processes often requires specialized tools to be able to dissect biological mechanisms. CRISPR/Cas has emerged as a powerful tool for genome engineering, and has seen widespread use. Coupling CRISPR/Cas systems with tools that allow for spatiotemporal control is predicted to be transformational to the ability to perturb systems and gain the insights necessary to understand a diverse set of biological questions, and ultimately treat some of the most pervasive and elusive diseases. This dissertation describes the development of an …

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Through The Wires Of Connection: The Role Of Empowered To Connect Parent Education In Trauma-Informed Parenting And Parent-Child Relationships, Nicole West Jan 2020

Through The Wires Of Connection: The Role Of Empowered To Connect Parent Education In Trauma-Informed Parenting And Parent-Child Relationships, Nicole West

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This repeated measure design evaluates the effectiveness of the trauma-informed parent education course known as Empowered to Connect. This research used a quantitative method to investigate whether caregivers who are exposed to trauma-informed material improve their trauma-informed parenting skills and their parent-child relationship with their biological, foster, adoptive, and/or kinship children. Trauma-informed parenting is defined as a caregivers understanding of the impact of trauma on development and his or her ability to parent a child who has experienced a disruption in attachment and connection. A One-Way Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), descriptive statistics, and a Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test were …

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The Impact Of Parenthood On Substance Use Disorder Treatment Participation And Motivation Of Incarcerated Offenders, Shelly L. Wilkerson Jan 2020

The Impact Of Parenthood On Substance Use Disorder Treatment Participation And Motivation Of Incarcerated Offenders, Shelly L. Wilkerson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The United States has more people in prison than any other country in the world. While many of these prisons offer treatment groups designed to rehabilitate inmates, it is unknown at what rate individuals participate in these groups and what their motivation is for involvement. This study investigated the impact of parenthood on substance use disorder treatment participation and motivation of incarcerated males and females. Descriptive statistics and chi square tests of independence were used to examine differences in participation rates and motivation of incarcerated parents and non-parents and incarcerated male and female parents. The study showed statistically significant results …

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Childhood As A Philosophical Means To A Political End: Liberalism, Stability, And The Deficiency Model Of Childhood, Jonathan Wurtz Jan 2020

Childhood As A Philosophical Means To A Political End: Liberalism, Stability, And The Deficiency Model Of Childhood, Jonathan Wurtz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

In A Theory of Justice, John Rawls tells us that an important element of any political theory of justice is its capacity to generate its own support. That is to say that the principles of justice theorized by political philosophers, when adopted by a society, ought to inspire individuals to act in accordance with them. A theory of justice whose principles does not generate its own support would be, in this sense, unstable and as a result, rejected by rational liberal standards. In this dissertation, I criticize the stability of Rawlsian liberal theory by first showing its reliance on the …

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A Seismologic Study Of The Northern Mississippi Embayment, Yang Yang Jan 2020

A Seismologic Study Of The Northern Mississippi Embayment, Yang Yang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Part 1: Crustal structure in the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ) is investigated through a detailed study of explosion data obtained from the Embayment Seismic Excitation Experiment. The data show a distinct anisotropy in distance attenuation for both P and S waves in the range from 0 to 200km distance. Waves that propagate northward from the 1,134kg Marked Tree, Arkansas, explosion attenuate quickly with distance until a range of about 100km from the source where high-amplitude, high-phase velocity critical reflections from the boundary between the middle crust and rift pillow structure produce high amplitude waves. Propagation southward from the 2,268kg …

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Ways Of Being, Seen And Unseen: Concepts, Practices, And The Emergence Of Trans Ways Of Life, James Edward Zubko, Jr. Jan 2020

Ways Of Being, Seen And Unseen: Concepts, Practices, And The Emergence Of Trans Ways Of Life, James Edward Zubko, Jr.

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The dissertation presents a philosophical analysis of social possibilities in connection with gender. Specifically, the dissertation concerns how people take up social possibilities for different ways of living gender and how these possibilities emerge. The goal of the dissertation is to construct a philosophical framework that can be used to analyze social possibility in connection with trans (transsexual, transgender and gender non-conforming) existence. The dissertation argues that it is salutary to analyze the how concepts, practices and embodiment affect access to gendered social possibilities. The dissertation draws first on Heidegger in order to develop an ontological account of possibility as …

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Security Assessment Framework For The Internet Of Medical Things Solutions, Faisal Sultan Alsubaei Jan 2020

Security Assessment Framework For The Internet Of Medical Things Solutions, Faisal Sultan Alsubaei

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The emergence of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has introduced a monumental change in facilitating the management of diseases, improving disease diagnosis and treatment methods, and reducing healthcare cost and errors. In fact, having several connected devices at each bed is currently the norm in most hospitals in the United States of America. IoMT solutions are not limited to hospital devices alone: IoMT solutions for outpatients, such as over-the-counter and in-home medical devices, are becoming increasingly prevalent. This change has greatly impacted the quality of healthcare for both patients and all frontline healthcare workers.However, the IoMT is far from …

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Uniaxial And Multiaxial Fatigue Behaviors Of Hdpe And Several Neat And Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Including The Effects Of Temperature, Mean Stress, Frequency, And Stress Concentration, Mohammad Reza Amjadi Kashani Jan 2020

Uniaxial And Multiaxial Fatigue Behaviors Of Hdpe And Several Neat And Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Including The Effects Of Temperature, Mean Stress, Frequency, And Stress Concentration, Mohammad Reza Amjadi Kashani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

High-Density Polyethyelen (HDPE) is a very high volume polymer used in many applications such as piping systems in geo-exchange systems or replacing heavier materials in automotive fuel tanks. The most common processing techniques to manufacture HDPE parts are injection molding, blow molding, and compression molding. Combination of cyclic and static loads are inevitable in many applications, therefore, this study investigated tensile, creep, fatigue, and creep-fatigue interaction of HDPE under a variety of conditions including environmental (temperature), stress concentration, cycling frequency, and stress state. Multiaxial stress state effect on fatigue life at room temperature was investigated for HDPE, Polypropylene, neat Nylon …

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Interpretable And Optimized Models For Osteoarthritis Assessment, Mohammed Adel Bany Muhammad Jan 2020

Interpretable And Optimized Models For Osteoarthritis Assessment, Mohammed Adel Bany Muhammad

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the foremost chronic and degenerative joint disorder. Early detection and risk assessment of OA is critical to prioritize proper patient care due to limited treatment options. Our main goal is to develop techniques to characterize and assess OA severity for any joints (i.e., Knee, Hip, lumbar spine, hands, and cervical spine) and building a decision support system (DSS) to assist clinical practitioners. This dissertation focuses only on the Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) as it is the most prevalent OA type.Generally, the assessment of KOA is performed using radiographs and patient clinical records. Expert assessments are based upon inadequate …

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How Do Market And Organizational Factors Affect Quality Of Care: Mammography Follow-Up Rate, Jessica Marie Escareno Jan 2020

How Do Market And Organizational Factors Affect Quality Of Care: Mammography Follow-Up Rate, Jessica Marie Escareno

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

A mammogram follow-up rate investigates the rate of initial mammograms that require a follow-up visit to confirm breast cancer. The ideal mammogram follow-up rate for an organization is 10%. Rates below mean organizations are underperforming the scan and missing possible cancer cases; above means that hospitals are overdoing mammograms. Previous research examined the problem in a micro-level approach focusing on patient and provider level factors. Open systems theory views the problem from a macro-level approach showing the components and how they interact with each other and their environments. The objectives of this study include reviewing how open systems theory can …

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A Randomized Pilot Trial Of A Mobile-Delivered Brief Behavioral Economic Intervention To Reduce Emerging Adult Alcohol Misuse, Kathryn Soltis Gex Jan 2020

A Randomized Pilot Trial Of A Mobile-Delivered Brief Behavioral Economic Intervention To Reduce Emerging Adult Alcohol Misuse, Kathryn Soltis Gex

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Objective. Heavy episodic drinking is a significant social and public health problem that peaks during emerging adulthood. In-person brief motivational interventions have been shown to be efficacious in reducing heavy drinking and problems in college students, but require student effort and personnel resources that may limit dissemination. The current study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a counselor-administered, synchronous text-message delivered brief motivational intervention aimed to reduce college student alcohol misuse. Method. Participants were 66 college students (63.6% identified as cisgender women; 61.9% identified their race as White; Mage = 19.95, SD = 1.66) who at baseline reported …

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The Spatial Ecology And Genetics Of Copperhead Snakes (Agkistrodon Contortrix) In An Urban Forest, Malle F. Carrasco-Harris Jan 2020

The Spatial Ecology And Genetics Of Copperhead Snakes (Agkistrodon Contortrix) In An Urban Forest, Malle F. Carrasco-Harris

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

As global population increases and metropolitan areas grow, natural habitats are progressively fragmented, isolated, and modified. Species residing in urban areas face novel challenges compared to conspecifics in undisturbed habitats. Animals in and around urban areas often modify behavior and space use to reduce anthropogenic disturbance. Further, populations may be isolated from other suitable habitats, potentially reducing opportunities to mate with non-related individuals. Although the consequences of urbanization have been extensively studied in birds and mammals, less is known about limited mobility animals, such as reptiles. Reptiles, specifically snakes are particularly vulnerable in urban areas because of their decreasing populations, …

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Application Of Machine Learning And Statistical Tools For Ground Motion Selection, Jalal Kiani Jan 2020

Application Of Machine Learning And Statistical Tools For Ground Motion Selection, Jalal Kiani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The main objective of the performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) framework is to fully understand the scale of the problems due to earthquakes with respect to deaths, dollars, and downtime resulting from the quantification of the risk, which allows prioritization of investment and technical solutions. The key elements of PBEE are seismic hazard analysis, structural analysis, damage analysis, and loss analysis. This dissertation is aimed to implement machine learning, statistical, and probabilistic tools for ground motion (GM) selection that links the seismic hazard, the first element of PBEE, to the structural analysis, the second element of PBEE. The underlying goal is …

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Saudi Efl Learners Knowledge And Use Of English Prepositional Verbs In Academic Writing, Hatim Abdulhadi Masoudi Jan 2020

Saudi Efl Learners Knowledge And Use Of English Prepositional Verbs In Academic Writing, Hatim Abdulhadi Masoudi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Prepositional verbs are essential for English as a foreign language (EFL) and English as a second language (ESL) learners in academic writing. However, most learners, regardless of their proficiency, encounter difficulties using these verbs, and there is a lack of research on these difficulties. This study sought to describe, analyze, and understand Saudi EFL learners knowledge and use of English prepositional verbs in academic writing. The study also assesses the relevant teaching contexts and reasons behind common errors.The study utilized a mixed-methods approach with data collected from a cloze test, multiple-choice test, and semi-structured interview. The two tests were administered …

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Investigating Interculturality Of Saudi Students In The Us Academic Environment, Ruqayyah Nasser Moafa Jan 2020

Investigating Interculturality Of Saudi Students In The Us Academic Environment, Ruqayyah Nasser Moafa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This study applied Mixed Methods research (MM) to understand the possibility of developing the intercultural competence of Saudi students through language classes in Saudi Arabia, since there is an indication of a gap between language classes in Saudi Arabia and the globalized world. This study was conducted to investigate the intercultural competence development of Saudi students enrolled in American universities and compare it to the way they developed their interculturality during their language classes in Saudi Arabia. Thus, this dissertation sought to determine the necessary strategies to enrich intercultural competence through English language classes in Saudi Arabia. Using MM, this …

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Fatigue Behavior And Defect-Based Life Prediction Of Aluminum Castings Under Axial, Torsion, And Multiaxial Loadings, Ahmad Nourian Avval Jan 2020

Fatigue Behavior And Defect-Based Life Prediction Of Aluminum Castings Under Axial, Torsion, And Multiaxial Loadings, Ahmad Nourian Avval

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Defects in metallic components can be formed in many manufacturing techniques. These defects can significantly affect the mechanical properties, especially fatigue behavior of industrial components. In this study, the effect of defects on fatigue behavior and life prediction of a cast aluminum alloy, as an illustrative material containing defects, was investigated. Defect characterization was performed by using metallography, X-ray radiography and micro-computed tomography techniques. The variability of defects between the specimens of two sizes, different porosity levels, and based on location within the specimens were studied. The maximum defect size within the specimens was also estimated using extreme value statistics. …

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Neural Mechanisms Underlying Hierarchical Speech-In-Noise Processing, Caitlin Elise Nelms Price Jan 2020

Neural Mechanisms Underlying Hierarchical Speech-In-Noise Processing, Caitlin Elise Nelms Price

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

One of the most commonly reported complaints related to hearing is difficulty understanding speech-in-noise (SIN). Numerous individuals struggle to effectively communicate in adverse listening conditions, even those with normal hearing. These difficulties are exacerbated due to age and hearing-related deficits such as hearing loss and auditory processing disorders. Despite the high prevalence of SIN deficits in individuals across the lifespan, the neural mechanisms underlying successful speech comprehension in noise are not well understood. Communication in noise is an incredibly complex process that requires efficient processing throughout the entire auditory pathway as well as contributions from higher-order cognitive processes including working …

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Depression In Young Adult Women Following Childhood Maltreatment: The Role Of Attitudes And Perceptions About Social Support, Thomas Dodson Jan 2020

Depression In Young Adult Women Following Childhood Maltreatment: The Role Of Attitudes And Perceptions About Social Support, Thomas Dodson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Introduction: A history of childhood maltreatment has been related to mental health concerns inadulthood, with depression showing the largest amount of empirical support. Perceptions of social support have been shown to have a protective effect (buffer against mental health symptoms particularly for survivors of more severe maltreatment) and a promotive effect (direct positive effect on mental health symptoms regardless of the severity of child maltreatment) with mental health concerns. Research has shown more consistent support for the promotive effect of social support on mental health outcomes in adults who have a history of childhood maltreatment. The protective effect of social …

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Counselor Trainee Empathy, Exposure And Attitudes Towards Offenders With Mental Illness, Frances I. Ellmo Jan 2020

Counselor Trainee Empathy, Exposure And Attitudes Towards Offenders With Mental Illness, Frances I. Ellmo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

There is a large and growing population of individuals within the United States Criminal Justice system suffering from both diagnosed and undiagnosed mental health issues. The stigma associated with their offender status and mental illness can prevent sufficient quality of mental health services from being provided to this population. Even individuals that work closely with offenders have been shown to exhibit negative perceptions of offenders with mental illness and little research exists in this area related to counselors. Further, the offender population is one that requires specialized training and consideration and it is unclear how much training or exposure counselors …

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Direct Metal Laser Sintering Of Ti-6al-4v Alloy: Process-Property-Geometry Empirical Modeling And Optimization, Behzad Fotovvati Jan 2020

Direct Metal Laser Sintering Of Ti-6al-4v Alloy: Process-Property-Geometry Empirical Modeling And Optimization, Behzad Fotovvati

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) is a widely used powder bed fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing (AM) technology that offers extensive capabilities to fabricate complex metallic components. In the DMLS process, part fabrication involves small moving melt-pools formed by the interaction of laser beam and metal powders. The formation of a melt-pool and subsequently its rapid solidification results in alteration of properties and microstructure of the product. Therefore, understanding and predicting relationships between DMLS process parameters and melt-pool characteristics is critical to control and improve the properties of parts. The melt-pool formation in this process is very similar to what occurs …

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Beyond What We Knew:Health And Disease Among Blacks,With An Emphasis On Women In Memphis, From Slavery To Early Twentieth Century, Letoshia Foster Jan 2020

Beyond What We Knew:Health And Disease Among Blacks,With An Emphasis On Women In Memphis, From Slavery To Early Twentieth Century, Letoshia Foster

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Letoshia, Foster, Ph.D. The University of Memphis, August 2020. Beyond What We Knew: Health, and Disease Among Blacks: With an Emphasis on Women in Memphis, From Slavery to Early Twentieth CenturyThis dissertation provides a comprehensive analysis of health issues among Black people in Memphis from the antebellum period through the early twentieth century. Throughout this period, slavery and Jim Crow had an inescapable effect on black Memphians lives. Race and gender were strong indicators for poor health outcomes. The topics of morbidity and mortality among Blacks over a seventy-year period is reflected in various types of scholarship, especially medical history …

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Gender Representation In American Made English Language Learning Textbooks: A Multi-Modal Study, Amy Simpson Burden Jan 2020

Gender Representation In American Made English Language Learning Textbooks: A Multi-Modal Study, Amy Simpson Burden

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Using Critical Discourse Analysis and computational linguistics in the present study, I investigated the discursive representations of gender in two series of English Language Development textbooks in the largest markets in the USA Texas and California. In addition, I examined the pictorial gender representations within images of these two series adhering to Critical Image Analysis. I also engaged in previously unnavigated realms of learning material study by examining the linguistic and pictorial gendering of non-human characters as well as examining types and tokens of gendered language. I also investigated the roles genre played in gendered messaging in both series. Finally, …

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A Contrastive Corpus Analysis On The Use Of Connectors In Students Writing From 10 Asian Countries As Compared To Native Experts: Research From The Icnale (The International Corpus Network Of Asian Learners Of English), Hyun Soon Cho Min Jan 2020

A Contrastive Corpus Analysis On The Use Of Connectors In Students Writing From 10 Asian Countries As Compared To Native Experts: Research From The Icnale (The International Corpus Network Of Asian Learners Of English), Hyun Soon Cho Min

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

My dissertation focuses on the connector use in the writings of the Asian students from 10 different countries in comparison with that of the English native speakers. Specifically, I examine how the Asian students use the connectors similarly or differently compared to English speakers in terms of frequency and choice, depending on their respective countries and English proficiency levels. The research questions addressed in this study are these: Is there a similarity in the use of connectors between the writing of college students in 10 Asian countries and native speakers (NS) of English, in terms of frequency and choice of …

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Evaluating The Need For A Gender Specific Risk Assessment For Female Intimate Partner Violence Offenders, Amanda Leigh Russell Jan 2020

Evaluating The Need For A Gender Specific Risk Assessment For Female Intimate Partner Violence Offenders, Amanda Leigh Russell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

AbstractRisk assessments are considered to be best practice in many states for assisting in sentencing decisions, bail conditions, and probation/parole requirements for intimate partner violence (IPV) offenders. However, most risk assessment tools that are currently being used were created using research on risk factors for recidivism in male IPV offenders. This is problematic given the percentage of females arrested for IPV-related crimes has increased substantially over the past decade. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of a risk assessment tool developed for use specifically for female IPV offenders in predicting recidivism in comparison to a risk …

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A Comparison Of Conducting Effectiveness, Instrumentalists Performances, And The Underlying Biomechanics Of A Conductor While Performing Exaggerated And Understated Variations Of Staccato And Legato Gestures, Jonathan Herbert Schallert Jan 2020

A Comparison Of Conducting Effectiveness, Instrumentalists Performances, And The Underlying Biomechanics Of A Conductor While Performing Exaggerated And Understated Variations Of Staccato And Legato Gestures, Jonathan Herbert Schallert

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The purposes of this study were to compare the biomechanical characteristics, musicians performances, and ratings of perceived conducting effectiveness of exaggerated and understated staccato and legato conducting gestures using motion capture data, clarinet and saxophone audio recordings, and a researcher created conducting effectiveness scale. Participants included one professional conductor, clarinet and saxophone players (n = 11), and university level large ensemble instrumentalists (n = 41) and vocalists (n = 34) from one large urban university in the Mid-South region of the United States. Results revealed that staccato gestures had higher vertical ranges of motion than horizontal, while legato gestures had …

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Value Estimation Of Software Functional Test Cases, Yao Shi Jan 2020

Value Estimation Of Software Functional Test Cases, Yao Shi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Software testing is becoming more and more critical to ensure that software will function properly in the production environment. Consequently, the effort, time, and funds invested in software testing activities have been increased significantly. However, these resources cannot meet the increasing demand of software testing. As such, managers have to allocate testing resources to the test cases that are more critical to uncover defects. This study builds a value function that can quantify the value of a test case and thus provide an approach in selecting key functional test cases. Following the guidance of case study research and using an …

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Predicting The Adoption Of Connected Autonomous Vehicles By Transportation Organizations Using Peer Effects, Jesse Simpson Jan 2020

Predicting The Adoption Of Connected Autonomous Vehicles By Transportation Organizations Using Peer Effects, Jesse Simpson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This dissertation presents and tests a methodology for predicting the adoption rate of Connected Autonomous Trucks (CATs) in transportation organizations using peer effects. There are a number of different factors that must be considered when developing innovation adoption models for organizations. This dissertation briefly describes each of the relevant variables and combines them into a discrete choice model for predicting the adoption rate of CATs by transportation organizations. The model incorporates new peer effect modeling techniques to simulate competition and the informal communication network. A stated-preference survey is conducted, and information from 400 freight transportation organizations is gathered. The survey …

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An Examination Of Probation Officer Attitudes Towards Juvenile And Adult Offenders With Mental Illness, Michael Stephen Skirius Jan 2020

An Examination Of Probation Officer Attitudes Towards Juvenile And Adult Offenders With Mental Illness, Michael Stephen Skirius

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This cross-sectional survey examines probation officers attitudes towards offenders with mental illness (OMI) using demographic data and the Community Attitudes Toward the Mentally Ill (CAMI) scale, following community demonstrations for systemic criminal justice reforms in 2020. Results indicate officers exhibit elevated attitudes of Benevolence and Community Mental Health Ideology towards OMI, which indicates fewer stigmatizing beliefs towards OMI than previous research. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.

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Can Motivational Messages Engage Individuals At-Risk For Gambling Disorder In An Online Assessment?, Samuel Cody Peter Jan 2020

Can Motivational Messages Engage Individuals At-Risk For Gambling Disorder In An Online Assessment?, Samuel Cody Peter

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Individuals experiencing gambling-related problems are not likely to seek psychological services; therefore, there is a need to better understand how to motivate at-risk gamblers to engage in help-seeking behaviors. This experiment tested whether online messages based on principles of Motivational Interviewing (MI) could be used to encourage individuals to complete a problem gambling screener. Participants (N = 805) who gambled at least weekly and were not currently receiving treatment for gambling problems were recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk. Our sample was 63% male, 65% White, and on average 36.67-years-old (SD = 11.40). Participants were randomly assigned to one of three …

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Just Culture In Healthcare Error Management: Nurse-In-Training View Of Just Culture And Outcomes Of Event Involvement, Rebecca Roberts Quillivan Jan 2020

Just Culture In Healthcare Error Management: Nurse-In-Training View Of Just Culture And Outcomes Of Event Involvement, Rebecca Roberts Quillivan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This experimental study will assess the behavioral and psychosocial effects of just culture error management strategies for medical errors in a healthcare setting, and the outcomes of such strategies on work-related perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors. A total of 247 nurses-in-training were randomly assigned to one of 6 experimental conditions. In each condition, participants read a vignette that described an at-risk medical error and the error management strategy employed by a hypothetical organization. The medical error was written to implicate both the individual involved, and the larger organizational system. Vignettes differed with regard to error management strategy employed by the organization …

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