Digital Commons Network^™

Comparison Of The Tally Numbering System To Traditional Arithmetic Systems In Field Programmable Gate Arrays, Robert Paul Shredow

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

This research explores the use of heterogeneous computing platforms for use in machine learning as well as different neural network architectures. These platforms and architectures can be used to accelerate the complex operations that are required for machine learning, more specifically neural networks. The use of different architectures, implementing different types of numbering and mathematics systems is explored in hopes of accelerating mathematical functions. The heterogeneous computing platform explored in this thesis is a Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), specifically a SoC/FPGA which is a ARM CPU and a FPGA in the same chip. FPGAs are unique because they are …

Untangling The Yemen Crisis, Paul Williams, Laura Graham, Jim Johnson, Michael P. Scharf, Milena Sterio

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.

The Rohingya Genocide, Paul Williams, Todd F. Buchwald, Jenny Domino, Rebecca Hamilton, Michael P. Scharf, Meilena Sterio

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.

The Bridwell Quarterly. Issues 8-9, Summer, Fall 2020, Michelle Ried

Bridwell Library Publications

No abstract provided.

Evolutionary Analyses Of Phylum Chaetognatha Based On Mitochondrial Cytochromeoxidase I Gene, Sam Peter, Manojkumar Bhaskaran Nair, Devika Pillai

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Chaetognaths (arrow worms) are an enigmatic group of transparent planktonic invertebrates and play an important role in the marine food web. Their morphological and developmental features have raised extensive debates since the discovery of the phylum in the 18th century. Uncertainty in the phylogenetic placement of certain chaetognath species still exists and is puzzling many scientists who have tried to clarify this task. Studies using a portion of both small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid (SSU rRNA) and large subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid (LSU rRNA) genes when integrated with conventional taxonomy were contributed to resolve taxonomical issues in this group. Here …

Parental Knowledge And Other Factors Associated With Infants' Exposure To Screens, Shea Lammers

Human Development and Family Science

Excessive screen time in children is linked to reduced white matter integrity and developmental delays such as reduced vocabulary. Nevertheless, many parents allow their infants and toddlers to have access to screen devices. The current study examined mothers’ awareness of the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations, parenting information sources utilized, and motivational and contextual factors associated with screen time exposure in mothers who had a child under the age of two. Results indicated that over 60% of mothers were aware of the recommendations, usually citing educational benefits as their rationale for infant screen time use. Most mothers reported they receive …

Nanofiber Scaffolds As 3d Culture Platforms, Stephanie Bule

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Cell culture has become the basis for understanding the fundamental mechanisms of cell, tissue and organ function. Although major advancements in uncovering the underlying processes and mechanisms of normal and diseased cell biology have been made by using two-dimensional (2D) cell culture, there is a recent shift in moving towards three-dimensional (3D) culture platforms. The motivation is to better recapitulate the microenvironment of cells in vivo to obtain results that are more indicative to actual cellular processes. In this study, electrospun nano-fibrous scaffolds made of polycaprolactone were used as a 3D culture tool to investigate difference in cell behavior and …

Artificial Synthetic Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering Application Emphasizing The Role Of Biophysical Cues, Samerender Nagam Hanumantharao

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The mechanotransduction of cells is the intrinsic ability of cells to convert the mechanical signals provided by the surrounding matrix and other cells into biochemical signals that affect several distinct processes such as tumorigenesis, wound healing, and organ formation. The use of biomaterials as an artificial scaffold for cell attachment, differentiation and proliferation provides a tool to modulate and understand the mechanotransduction pathways, develop better in vitro models and clinical remedies. The effect of topographical cues and stiffness was investigated in fibroblasts using polycaprolactone (PCL)- Polyaniline (PANI) based scaffolds that were fabricated using a self-assembly method and electrospinning. Through this …

Experimental Study Of The Temperature Profile Of A Gaussian Type Heat Distribution, Sunny Prashant Mare

Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

In research aimed at studying the laser microwelding of thermoplastic materials, two theoretical heat flow models were studied by Dr. Grewell. In the surface temperature profile based on the Gaussian type distributed heat source model, two peak temperatures were predicted. The purpose of the current project was to develop a controlled test environment to study the surface temperature profile of a thermoplastic material using a Gaussian type heat source and to validate the prediction of the inflection point in the plastic sample. One of the key results of the initial experimentation was the lack of a Gaussian distribution of the …

A Comparison Of Kinesio® Taping Methods For Subjects With Patellar Tendonitis, Kathleen Yvette Gallais

Health Nutrition and Exercise Science

This project investigated the effects of Kinesio® Tape on pain, kinesiophobia, and proprioception in participants with patellar tendonitis. Thirty participants with patellar tendonitis were divided into three groups, the first received a supportive Kinesio® Tape application at the knee, the second received a facilitative application at the hip, and the third received both. A Visual Analog Score, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia score, and a proprioceptive score quantified through the Biodex Balance System were obtained both immediately after application, and 24 to 36 hours following. Statistically significant improvement in VAS scores and in proprioceptive ability with eyes closed 24 to 36 …

Disney Theme Parks Ride The Bull But Fear The Bear: Socionomic Disaster Of Disney California Adventure Park, Amanda Camarillo

Socionomic Prize Winners and Events (Archived)

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Wild Ginseng Extract On Psychomotor And Neuromuscular Performance Recovery Following Acute Eccentric Exercise: A Preliminary Study, Hyun Chul Jung, Nan Hee Lee, Young Chan Kim, Sukho Lee

Kinesiology Faculty Publications (Archived)

No abstract provided.

Detailed Energy Efficiency Strategies For Converting An Existing Office Building To Nzeb: A Case Study In The Pacific Northwest, Ali Alajmi, Abby Short, Janna Ferguson, Kalina K. Vander Poel, Corey T. Griffin

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper is an attempt to identify a methodology for converting conventional energy consumption buildings to net-zero energy buildings (NZEB). The first step was rather different from the usual energy audit, which is to analyze a facility’s energy consumptions from both macro- and micro-scales. To implement such an approach, a governmental office building (Metro) in Portland, OR, was chosen as a case study. After a building model was validated against a real measurement, it was then used to evaluate different energy efficiency strategies (EESs) so as to reduce the energy consumption. The EESs showed a reduction in energy use intensity …

Revisiting The Beneficiaries Of The Scotus Ruling Striking Down Paspa, Sam Fullerton, Ronald Dick, Michael Mccall

AMTP Proceedings 2020

A Supreme Court ruling in 2018 essentially rendered restrictions on sports gambling to run counter to states’ rights, thus in conflict with the Constitution of the United States. As a consequence, 13 states and the District of Columbia now have legalized sports gambling. Initial research into the consequences of this ruling identified 12 potential beneficiaries. Subsequent research entailing an assessment of new literature and a survey of executive opinion involving a number of marketing executives who work within the field of sports marketing expanded the findings from the earlier study. This extension of the preliminary study found 14 beneficiaries rather …

Factors Impacting One’S Self-Classification Into One Of The Five Categories Of A Typology Delineating Green (And Not So Green) Consumers, Sam Fullerton, Tammy Mccullough, Estelle Van Tonder

AMTP Proceedings 2020

A sample of 1,243 adult residents of the United States provided insight into an array of issues germane to sustainability. Upon completing a 65-question survey on sustainability, each respondent placed themselves in an eco-group that they felt best corresponded to their own behavior and attitudes towards the task of keeping the planet green for ourselves, and perhaps more importantly, for our posterity. The five groups ranged from the eco-destroyer to the eco-warrior. Within the survey, each respondent provided their opinions regarding seven multi-item scales that primarily addressed green issues; some scales addressed business behavior while others addressed issues such as …

Ambiguous Genitalia And Disorders Of Sexual Differentiation, Khawar T. Mehmood, Rebecca M. Rentea

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The birth of an infant with ambiguous genitalia generates difficult multiple medical, surgical, ethical, psychosocial, and physical issues for patients and their parents. Phenotypic sex results from the differentiation of internal ducts and external genitalia under the influence of hormones and other additional factors. When discordance occurs among three process es (chromosomal, gonadal, phenotypic sex determination), a DSD is the result. Terminology such as hermaphrodite, pseudo-hermaphrodite, and intersex, are considered to be pejorative and dated. These terms have been replaced by the term disorders of sexual development (DSD) by the consensus statement on management of intersex disorders. Disorders of sexual …

Ileal Atresia, Obiyo O. Osuchukwu, Rebecca M. Rentea

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Ileal and jejunal atresias are usually described together as jejunoileal atresia (JIA). JIA is a common cause of intestinal obstruction in neonates. It is seen in 1 in 5000 to 1 in 14000 live births. Intestinal atresia can occur in any location on the small bowel as a solitary or even multiple lesions. Distally located atresia usually presents with delayed symptoms compared to proximal ones. Occasionally, JIA is associated with other malformations such as cardiac anomalies, gastroschisis, and cystic fibrosis. Evaluation can be initiated before birth with prenatal diagnosis using ultrasound findings of evidence of intestinal obstruction reported in 29% …

Interrogation Of Cyp2d6 Structural Variant Alleles Improves The Correlation Between Cyp2d6 Genotype And Cyp2d6-Mediated Metabolic Activity., Rachel Dalton, Seung-Been Lee, Katrina G. Claw, Bhagwat Prasad, Brian R. Phillips, Danny D. Shen, Lai Hong Wong, Mitch Fade, Matthew G. Mcdonald, Maitreya J. Dunham, Douglas M. Fowler, Allan E. Rettie, Erin Schuetz, Timothy A. Thornton, Deborah A. Nickerson, Andrea Gaedigk, Kenneth E. Thummel, Erica L. Woodahl

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) gene locus is challenging to accurately genotype due to numerous single nucleotide variants and complex structural variation. Our goal was to determine whether the CYP2D6 genotype-phenotype correlation is improved when diplotype assignments incorporate structural variation, identified by the bioinformatics tool Stargazer, with next-generation sequencing data. Using CYP2D6 activity measured with substrates dextromethorphan and metoprolol, activity score explained 40% and 34% of variability in metabolite formation rates, respectively, when diplotype calls incorporated structural variation, increasing from 36% and 31%, respectively, when diplotypes did not incorporate structural variation. We also investigated whether the revised Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation …

Using Data Analytics To Filter Insincere Posts From Online Social Networks. A Case Study: Quora Insincere Questions, Mohammad A. Al-Ramahi, Izzat Alsmadi

Computer Information Systems Faculty Publications (Archived)

The internet in general and Online Social Networks (OSNs) in particular continue to play a significant role in our life where information is massively uploaded and exchanged. With such high importance and attention, abuses of such media of communication for different purposes are common. Driven by goals such as marketing and financial gains, some users use OSNs to post their misleading or insincere content. In this context, we utilized a real-world dataset posted by Quora in Kaggle.com to evaluate different mechanisms and algorithms to filter insincere and spam contents. We evaluated different preprocessing and analysis models. Moreover, we analyzed the …

A Comparison Of Two Scaling Techniques To Reduce Uncertainty In Predictive Models, Austin Luke Todd

Statistics

This research examines the use of two scaling techniques to accurately transfer information from small-scale data to large-scale predictions in a handful of nonlinear functions. The two techniques are (1) using random draws from distributions that represent smaller time scales and (2) using a single draw from a distribution representing the mean over all time represented by the model. This research used simulation to create the underlying distributions for the variable and parameters of the chosen functions which were then scaled accordingly. Once scaled, the variable and parameters were plugged into our chosen functions to give an output value. Using …

A Comparison Of Filtering And Normalization Methods In The Statistical Analysis Of Gene Expression Experiments, Mackenzie Rosa Marie Speicher

Statistics

Both microarray and RNA-seq technologies are powerful tools which are commonly used in differential expression (DE) analysis. Gene expression levels are compared across treatment groups to determine which genes are differentially expressed. With both technologies, filtering and normalization are important steps in data analysis. In this thesis, real datasets are used to compare current analysis methods of two-color microarray and RNA-seq experiments. A variety of filtering, normalization and statistical approaches are evaluated. The results of this study show that although there is still no widely accepted method for the analysis of these types of experiments, the method chosen can largely …

Naked Price And Pharmaceutical Trade Secret Overreach, Robin C. Feldman, Charles Graves

Faculty Scholarship

Trade secret has drifted from a quiet backwater doctrine to a pervasive force in intellectual property. As always, the risk of distortion is great when a legal arena is developing and expanding rapidly. Nowhere do the theoretical tensions of trade secret law appear in such stark relief as in the modern pharmaceutical debates, where the heart of the theoretical question involves whether pricing is a proper subject for trade secrecy claims.

We aim to bring trade secret into greater harmony with broad concepts that reach across all intellectual property regimes. As with other areas of intellectual property law, trade secret …

Institutionalizing The Centers For Disease Control And Prevention's Independence, Dorit R. Reiss

Faculty Scholarship

The United States' response to the COVID-19 pandemic was sub­ optimal. One problem in it was the politicization of the public health response. One aspect of that politicization was aggressive political intervention in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC) efforts to provide guidance and help pandemic response. The concern was strong enough that four previous CDC Directors, in an unusual step, published an op-ed calling out political intervention in the CDC. This article proposes two changes to strengthen the CDC's institutional independence: codifying the CDC's role in preventing diseases and reducing harms in a statute, and restructuring …

The Effects Of Doping On The Lithium Ionic Conductivity Of Llzo Solid-State Electrolyte, Fadhilah Ahmed Altayaran

Materials and Nanotechnology

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) employing solid-state electrolytes are considerably safer and might potentially generate a higher energy density compared. The goal of this thesis is to investigate the synthesis and stability of doped Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZO). The reason of adopting LLZO is to presents a high conductivity, good electrochemical stability against metallic lithium. The investigation method involves preparing LLZO powder, pressing it to pellets, sintering the pellets at 1230 ºC and coating metal electrodes on them, followed by the measurement of the lithium ionic conductivity through Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Doping has proven to be an effective …

Computational Simulations Of Flow Past A Rotating Arrangement Of Three Cylinders Using Hybrid Turbulence Models, Nick Leonard Thomas

Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics

Over the past 25 years, advances in the field of turbulence modeling have been made in an effort to resolve more scales, preserving unsteadiness within a flow. In this research two hybrid models, Scale-Adaptive Simulation (SAS) and Stress-Blended Eddy Simulation (SBES) are implemented in solving the highly unsteady flow over a rotating arrangement of three cylinders. Results are compared to those from wind tunnel experiments carried out at North Dakota State University. Both models show close agreement with first and second order turbulence quantities, and SBES shows much greater flow structure detail due to its ability to resolve smaller scales. …

Tissue-Engineered Nanoclay-Based Bone-Mimetic 3d In Vitro Testbed For Studying Breast Cancer Metastasis To Bone, Sumanta Kar

Materials and Nanotechnology

Breast cancer shows a high affinity towards the bone, causing bone-related complications leading to poor clinical prognosis. Approximately 80% of breast cancer patients die within five years after primary cancer has metastasized to the bones. The tumor stage strongly influences the survival rates of patients with breast cancer that has spread to bone at the time of diagnosis. There are currently no effective therapeutics available for bone metastases due to the failure of animal models and the scarcity of human bone metastasized samples, as most patients with advance stages of cancer are already in palliative care. Therefore, it is imperative …

Advanced Measurements And Analyses Of Flow Past Three-Cylinder Rotating System, Al Habib Ullah

Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics

Interaction of flow structures from a three-cylinder system is complex and important for fundamental and engineering applications. In this study, experiments using hotwire, 2D PIV, and Tomography are to be conducted to characterize the fluid flow at various Re number and rotation speeds. The Reynolds number considered based on the diameter of the single-cylinder ranges from 37 to 1700. The peaks in the frequency spectrum obtained from the hotwire study show a unique relation of Strouhal number as a function of static incident angle, RPM, and Reynolds number. From the 2D PIV and 3D tomography experiment, vorticity and velocity results …

Identifying Risk For Hiv And Implementation Of Prep Amongst Primary Care Providers, Kayli Christine Gross

Nursing

The purpose of this project was to improve primary care provider knowledge, attitude and behaviors related to the current HIV-screening and PrEP implementation guidelines. Surveys were conducted among five primary care providers at a Midwest VA Healthcare System before and after an HIV and PrEP-related education. The surveys were anonymous, and participation was voluntary. Each participant received a survey by pen and paper to self-assess their HIV-screening and PrEP prescribing intention, comfort-level with HIV prevention practices, and knowledge before and after the presentation by using Likert scales, true/false, and correct answer recall questions. Of the eligible 11 providers in attendance …

Skin Cancer Screening In Primary Care Using Dermoscopy, Erin Eliza Lubitz

Nursing

Skin cancer rates continue to rise affecting millions of individuals annually. While cutaneous malignant melanoma comprises a fraction of total skin cancers diagnosed, melanoma is associated with a poor prognosis and higher mortality rate when compared to other forms of skin cancer. The greatest risk factor for skin cancer is the amount of ultraviolet light exposure making skin cancer the most common preventable form of cancer. In conjunction with primary prevention, part of secondary prevention measures involves performing routine skin examinations. According to data from the National Health Interview Survey, only 8% of individuals who had seen a primary care …

Section 1983 Civil Liability Against Prison Officials And Dentists For Delaying Dental Care, Claire Nolasco, Michael S. Vaughn

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications (Archived)

Many prisoners enter correctional facilities in the United States with little history of good dental hygiene and even less history of access to dentists. Thus, the incarceration experience presents opportunities for inmates to receive quality dental care, often for the first time. Dental care delivered by correctional dentists is complicated, however, by the array of serious dental conditions and difficult to treat dental problems in clinical settings. These conditions exist within a legal environment that mandates adequate dental care be provided to prisoners by the state. This article examines prisoners’ Section 1983 lawsuits, claiming that delays in the delivery of …