Digital Commons Network^™

Deconstructing Tumor Heterogeneity: The Stromal Perspective, Renee E. Vickman, Douglas V. Faget, Sheila A. Stewart, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Significant advances have been made towards understanding the role of immune cell-tumor interplay in either suppressing or promoting tumor growth, progression, and recurrence, however, the roles of additional stromal elements, cell types and/or cell states remain ill-defined. The overarching goal of this NCI-sponsored workshop was to highlight and integrate the critical functions of non-immune stromal components in regulating tumor heterogeneity and its impact on tumor initiation, progression, and resistance to therapy. The workshop explored the opposing roles of tumor supportive

Orsay Virus Cp-Δ Adopts A Novel Β-Bracelet Structural Fold And Incorporates Into Virions As A Head Fiber, Yusong R. Guo, Yanlin Fan, Ying Zhou, Miao Jin, Jim L. Zhang, Hongbing Jiang, Matthew V. Holt, Tao Wang, Nicolas L. Young, David Wang, Weiwei Zhong, Yizhi J. Tao

Open Access Publications

Fiber proteins are commonly found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic viruses, where they play important roles in mediating viral attachment and host cell entry. They typically form trimeric structures and are incorporated into virions via noncovalent interactions. Orsay virus, a small RNA virus which specifically infects the laboratory model nematode

Sex Differences In Population Dynamics During Formation Of Kidney Bacterial Communities By Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli, Lisa K. Mclellan, Allyssa L. Daugherty, David A. Hunstad

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Campylobacter Colonization, Environmental Enteric Dysfunction, Stunting, And Associated Risk Factors Among Young Children In Rural Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study From The Campylobacter Genomics And Environmental Enteric Dysfunction (Caged) Project, Dehao Chen, Mark J Manary, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Livestock farming provides a possible mechanism by which smallholder farmers can meet their household need for animal source foods (ASF), which may reduce the risk of stunting. However, direct/indirect contacts with domestic animals may increase colonization by

Cd4 Inhibits Helper T Cell Activation At Lower Affinity Threshold For Full-Length T Cell Receptors Than Single Chain Signaling Constructs, Deborah K Johnson, Wyatt Magoffin, Sheldon J Myers, Jordan G Finnell, John C Hancock, Taylor S Orton, Stephen P Persaud, Kenneth A Christensen, K Scott Weber

Open Access Publications

CD4

Insights From Genetic Studies Of Cerebral Palsy, Sara A Lewis, Sheetal Shetty, Bryce A Wilson, Aris J Huang, Sheng Chih Jin, Hayley Smithers-Sheedy, Michael C Fahey, Michael C Kruer

Open Access Publications

Cohort-based whole exome and whole genome sequencing and copy number variant (CNV) studies have identified genetic etiologies for a sizable proportion of patients with cerebral palsy (CP). These findings indicate that genetic mutations collectively comprise an important cause of CP. We review findings in CP genomics and propose criteria for CP-associated genes at the level of gene discovery, research study, and clinical application. We review the published literature and report 18 genes and 5 CNVs from genomics studies with strong evidence of for the pathophysiology of CP. CP-associated genes often disrupt early brain developmental programming or predispose individuals to known …

Nonmicrobial Activation Of Tlrs Controls Intestinal Growth, Wound Repair, And Radioprotection, William F Stenson, Matthew A Ciorba

Open Access Publications

TLRs, key components of the innate immune system, recognize microbial molecules. However, TLRs also recognize some nonmicrobial molecules. In particular, TLR2 and TLR4 recognize hyaluronic acid, a glycosaminoglycan in the extracellular matrix. In neonatal mice endogenous hyaluronic acid binding to TLR4 drives normal intestinal growth. Hyaluronic acid binding to TLR4 in pericryptal macrophages results in cyclooxygenase2- dependent PGE

Regulatory T Cells Developing Peri-Weaning Are Continually Required To Restrain Th2 Systemic Responses Later In Life, Kathryn A. Knoop, Keely G Mcdonald, Chyi-Song Hsieh, Phillip I Tarr, Rodney D Newberry

Open Access Publications

Atopic disorders including allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergy, and dermatitis, are increasingly prevalent in Western societies. These disorders are largely characterized by T helper type 2 (Th2) immune responses to environmental triggers, particularly inhaled and dietary allergens. Exposure to such stimuli during early childhood reduces the frequency of allergies in at-risk children. These allergic responses can be restrained by regulatory T cells (Tregs), particularly Tregs arising in the gut. The unique attributes of how early life exposure to diet and microbes shape the intestinal Treg population is a topic of significant interest. While imprinting during early life promotes the development …

Using The Zebrafish Lateral Line To Understand The Roles Of Mitochondria In Sensorineural Hearing Loss, Melanie Holmgren, Lavinia Sheets

Open Access Publications

Hair cells are the mechanosensory receptors of the inner ear and can be damaged by noise, aging, and ototoxic drugs. This damage often results in permanent sensorineural hearing loss. Hair cells have high energy demands and rely on mitochondria to produce ATP as well as contribute to intracellular calcium homeostasis. In addition to generating ATP, mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species, which can lead to oxidative stress, and regulate cell death pathways. Zebrafish lateral-line hair cells are structurally and functionally analogous to cochlear hair cells but are optically and pharmacologically accessible within an intact specimen, making the zebrafish a good model …

Advances In Modeling The Immune Microenvironment Of Colorectal Cancer, Paul Sukwoo Yoon, Nuala Del Piccolo, Venktesh S Shirure, Yushuan Peng, Amanda Kirane, Robert J Canter, Ryan C Fields, Steven C George, Sepideh Gholami

Open Access Publications

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related death in the US. CRC frequently metastasizes to the liver and these patients have a particularly poor prognosis. The infiltration of immune cells into CRC tumors and liver metastases accurately predicts disease progression and patient survival. Despite the evident influence of immune cells in the CRC tumor microenvironment (TME), efforts to identify immunotherapies for CRC patients have been limited. Here, we argue that preclinical model systems that recapitulate key features of the tumor microenvironment-including tumor, stromal, and immune cells; the extracellular matrix; and the vasculature-are …

Ige And T Cell Reactivity To A Comprehensive Panel Of Cockroach Allergens In Relation To Disease, Anna Pomés, Véronique Schulten, Jill Glesner, Ricardo Da Silva Antunes, Aaron Sutherland, Leonard B Bacharier, Avraham Beigelman, Paula Busse, April Frazier, Alessandro Sette

Open Access Publications

IgE sensitization to cockroach allergens is associated with development of allergic diseases, such as asthma. To understand the relevance of different cockroach allergens for diagnosis and immunotherapy, a comprehensive analysis of IgE antibody levels and T cell reactivity to an expanded set of cockroach allergens and their relationship to disease was performed in a cohort of USA cockroach sensitized patients. IgE antibody levels to recombinant chitinase and hemocyanin were measured for 23 subjects by custom-made ImmunoCAPs and compared with IgE levels to eight cockroach allergens we previously reported for the same cohort.

Affinity-Restricted Memory B Cells Dominate Recall Responses To Heterologous Flaviviruses, Rachel Wong, Julia A. Belk, Jennifer Govero, Jennifer L. Uhrlaub, Dakota Reinartz, Haiyan Zhao, John M. Errico, Lucas D'Souza, Tyler J. Ripperger, Janko Nikolich-Zugich, Mark J. Shlomchik, Ansuman T. Satpathy, Daved H. Fremont, Michael S. Diamond, Deepta Bhattacharya

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Toxic Effects Of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Transducer Bbf2h7-Derived Small Peptide Fragments On Neuronal Cells, Koji Matsuhisa, Longjie Cai, Atsushi Saito, Fumika Sakaue, Yasunao Kamikawa, Sachiko Fujiwara, Rie Asada, Yukitsuka Kudo, Kazunori Imaizumi

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Randomized Controlled Crossover Trials Of The Pharmacokinetics Of Prc-063, A Novel Multilayer Extended-Release Formulation Of Methylphenidate, In Healthy Adults, Martin A. Katzman, Greg Mattingly, Larry J. Klassen, Marc J. Cataldo, Graeme A. E. Donnelly

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Krasg12c Inhibition With Sotorasib In Advanced Solid Tumors, David S. Hong, Ramaswamy Govindan, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Context Is Key: Delineating The Unique Functions Of Ifnα And Ifnβ In Disease, Lindsey E Fox, Marissa C Locke, Deborah J Lenschow

Open Access Publications

Type I interferons (IFNs) are critical effector cytokines of the immune system and were originally known for their important role in protecting against viral infections; however, they have more recently been shown to play protective or detrimental roles in many disease states. Type I IFNs consist of IFNα, IFNβ, IFNϵ, IFNκ, IFNω, and a few others, and they all signal through a shared receptor to exert a wide range of biological activities, including antiviral, antiproliferative, proapoptotic, and immunomodulatory effects. Though the individual type I IFN subtypes possess overlapping functions, there is growing appreciation that they also have unique properties. In …

Macrophages Respond Rapidly To Ototoxic Injury Of Lateral Line Hair Cells But Are Not Required For Hair Cell Regeneration, Mark E Warchol, Angela Schrader, Lavinia Sheets

Open Access Publications

The sensory organs of the inner ear contain resident populations of macrophages, which are recruited to sites of cellular injury. Such macrophages are known to phagocytose the debris of dying cells but the full role of macrophages in otic pathology is not understood. Lateral line neuromasts of zebrafish contain hair cells that are nearly identical to those in the inner ear, and the optical clarity of larval zebrafish permits direct imaging of cellular interactions. In this study, we used larval zebrafish to characterize the response of macrophages to ototoxic injury of lateral line hair cells. Macrophages migrated into neuromasts within …

The Complex Interactions Between Rotavirus And The Gut Microbiota, Andrew Hyoungjin Kim, Michael P Hogarty, Vanessa C Harris, Megan T Baldridge

Open Access Publications

Human rotavirus (HRV) is the leading worldwide cause of acute diarrhea-related death in children under the age of five. RV infects the small intestine, an important site of colonization by the microbiota, and studies over the past decade have begun to reveal a complex set of interactions between RV and the gut microbiota. RV infection can temporarily alter the composition of the gut microbiota and probiotic administration alleviates some symptoms of infection

Consumptive Coagulopathy Of Severe Yellow Fever Occurs Independently Of Hepatocellular Tropism And Massive Hepatic Injury, Adam L. Bailey, Liang-I Kang, Luiz Gonzaga Francisco De Assis Barros D'Elia Zanella, Cássia G. T. Silveira, Yeh-Li Ho, Lander Foquet, Greg Bial, Broc T. Mccune, Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto, Archana Thomas, Hans-Peter Raué, Kathleen Byrnes, Esper G. Kallas, Mark K. Slifka, Michael S. Diamond

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Postural Directionality And Head Tremor In Cervical Dystonia, Qiyu Chen, Jeanne P Vu, Elizabeth Cisneros, Casey N Benadof, Zheng Zhang, Richard L Barbano, Christopher G Goetz, Joseph Jankovic, Hyder A Jinnah, Joel S Perlmutter, Mark I Appelbaum, Glenn T Stebbins, Cynthia L Comella, David A Peterson

Open Access Publications

Background: Although abnormal head and neck postures are defining features of cervical dystonia (CD), head tremor (HT) is also common. However, little is known about the relationship between abnormal postures and HT in CD.

Methods: We analyzed clinical data and video recordings from 185 patients enrolled by the Dystonia Coalition. We calculated the likelihood of their HT and HT type ("regular" vs. "jerky") given directionality of abnormal head postures, disease duration, sex, and age.

Results: Patients with retrocollis were more likely to have HT than patients with anterocollis (X

Discussion: We found that HT is more likely for CD patients …

Insights Into The Role Of The Jak/Stat Signaling Pathway In Graft-Versus-Host Disease, Ramzi Abboud, Jaebok Choi, Peter Ruminski, Mark A Schroeder, Sena Kim, Camille N Abboud, John F Dipersio

Open Access Publications

Allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation (allo-HCT) is a curative therapy for a variety of hematologic malignancies, primarily through immune-mediated clearance of malignant cells. This graft-

Friendship For The Flawed: A Cynical And Pessimistic Theory Of Friendship, Glenn "Boomer" Mac Trujillo

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

When considering the value of friendship, most philosophers ignore the negatives. Most assume that humans need friends to flourish, and some argue that friendships can be good, no matter the risks entailed. This makes conversations about the value of friendship one-sided. Here, I argue that Cynics and Pessimists have an important view on friendship, despite it being ignored. They hold that: (a) friendship is unnecessary for flourishing, and (b) friendship presents ethical risks, especially to one’s own self-sufficiency. I defend these views. Then I conclude with reflections on why Cynics and Pessimists actually make great friends. By helping people to …

Diabetes Risk Status And Physical Activity In Pregnant Women: U.S. Brfss 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, Bethany Rand

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Objective: We sought to examine differences in aerobic activity (AA) and muscle-strengthening activity (MSA) by diabetes risk status (DRS) among pregnant women in the United States.

Background: Pregnant women without complications are advised to engage in physical activity (PA) to mitigate adverse outcomes. Differences may exist among pregnant women of diverging diabetes status in meeting national PA recommendations.

Methods: The sample (n=9,597) included pregnant women ages 18-44, who participated in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Levels of DRS were: no diabetes (ND), high risk for diabetes (HRD) due to self-reported gestational diabetes or …

Military Veteran Students Transition To Academic Life With Ptsd, Trauma, And Potential For Freezing Response., Alicia Marie Erchul

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The current study is the first known research to investigate the association of the freezing response with PTSD and traumatic stress in the military veteran student population. Current understanding of the freezing response are primarily based in comparative psychology, with some studies extending to human participants (Azevedo et al., 2005; Facchinetti et al., 2006; Hagenaars et al., 2012; Volchan et al., 2017). Models generally agree that the freezing response consists of reduced body sway with decreased heart rate (Porges, 2003, 2007; Hagenaars et al., 2014).

Thirty-eight military veteran students (n=38; 18 female; 20 male) with ages ranged from 19 to …

"It Can Happen To Anybody's Child": How Families Affected By Shaken Baby Syndrome/Abusive Head Trauma Work Thorugh The Stages Of Family Crisis, Amber Sorenson

Iowa Journal of Communication

Although not frequently discussed in mainstream society, shaken baby syndrome/abusive head trauma is a significant problem. Victimized children often die as a result of the injuries they face, or they endure many struggles as they move forward in life—often with severe mental and physical disabilities. Families are often physically and psychologically unprepared for how a shaken baby syndrome/abusive head trauma diagnosis affects their lives for many years to come. This pilot study looks at how ten people affected by shaken baby syndrome/abusive head trauma work through the crisis situation and learn how to rebuild their lives and interpersonal relationships in …

Stuart Wood And Laurie Wood, Petitioners And Appellants V. United Parcel Service, Inc., A Delaware Corporation : Brief Of Appellant, Utah Supreme Court

Utah Supreme Court Briefs (2000–2020)

APPEAL ON GRANT OF PETITION FOR REVIEW OF APPELLATE COURT DECISION

Andrew M Morse #4498, Nathan R. Skeen #12662, Attorneys for Appellee

Douglas B. Cannon #4287, Madelyn L. Blanchard #16403, Craig T. Jacobsen, #5492, Attorneys for Appellants

Climate Change Increases The Risk Of Fisheries Conflict, Elizabeth Mendenhall, Cullen Hendrix, Elizabeth Nyman, Paige M. Roberts, John Robison Hoopes, James R. Watson, Vicky W. Y. Lam, Rashid Sumaila

Marine Affairs Faculty Publications

The effects of climate change on the ocean environment – especially ocean warming, acidification, and sea level rise – will impact fish stocks and fishers in important ways. Likely impacts include changes in fish stocks’ productivity and distribution, human migration to and away from coastal areas, stresses on coastal fisheries infrastructure, and challenges to prevailing maritime boundaries. In this paper, we explore these and other related phenomena, in order to assess whether and how the impacts of climate change on fisheries will contribute to the risk of fisheries conflict. We argue that climate change will entail an increase in the …

Non‐Marine Turtle Plays Important Functional Roles In Indonesian Ecosystems, Nancy E. Karraker, Mirza Dikari Kusrini, Jessica R. Atutubo, Ryan M. Healey, Aini Yusratul

Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications

The Southeast Asian box turtle (Cuora amboinensis) is numerically the most important turtle exported from Indonesia. Listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN, this turtle is heavily harvested and exported for food and traditional medicine in China and for the pet trade primarily in the United States, Europe, and Japan. Despite its significance in global markets, relatively little is known about the species’ ecology or importance to ecosystems. We conducted our research in a national park in Sulawesi, Indonesia, and our objectives were to quantify trophic breadth, capacity for seed dispersal between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, and whether ingestion …

Assessing Year-Round Habitat Use By Migratory Sea Ducks In A Multi-Species Context Reveals Seasonal Variation In Habitat Selection And Partitioning, Juliet S. Lamb, Peter W. C. Paton, Jason E. Osenkowski, Shannon S. Badzinski, Alicia M. Berlin, Tim Bowman, Chris Dwyer, Luke J. Fara, Scott G. Gilliland, Kevin Kenow, Christine Lepage, Mark L. Mallory, Glenn H. Olsen, Matthew C. Perry, Scott A. Petrie, Jean-Pierre L. Savard, Lucas Savoy, Michael Schummer, Caleb S. Spiegel, Scott R. Mcwilliams

Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications

Long-distance migration presents complex conservation challenges, and migratory species often experience shortfalls in conservation due to the difficulty of identifying important locations and resources throughout the annual cycle. In order to prioritize habitats for conservation of migratory wildlife, it is necessary to understand how habitat needs change throughout the annual cycle, as well as to identify key habitat sites and features that concentrate large numbers of individuals and species. Among long-distance migrants, sea ducks have particularly complex migratory patterns, which often include distinct post-breeding molt sites as well as breeding, staging and wintering locations. Using a large set of individual …

Intelligent Cinematic Camera Control For Real-Time Graphics Applications, Ian Harris Meeder

Master's Theses

E-sports is currently estimated to be a billion dollar industry which is only growing in size from year to year. However the cinematography of spectated games leaves much to be desired. In most cases, the spectator either gets to control their own freely-moving camera or they get to see the view that a specific player sees. This thesis presents a system for the generation of cinematically-pleasing views for spectating real-time graphics applications. A custom real-time engine has been built to demonstrate the effect of this system on several different game modes with varying visual cinematic constraints, such as the rule …