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2020

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Patrick’S Point State Park Habitat Restoration Plan, Christopher M. Glavan, Marina De Paul, Katie Moore Jan 2020

Patrick’S Point State Park Habitat Restoration Plan, Christopher M. Glavan, Marina De Paul, Katie Moore

Environmental Science & Management Senior Capstones

Ongoing efforts at Patrick’s Point State Park (PPSP) seek to restore the ecosystems contained therein. Over time, non-native invasive plant species have become established within the Park. This habitat restoration plan (or Plan) aims to aid in restoring native and sensitive habitat through the removal of non-native invasive species. The Plan will take many different approaches to targeting the invasive non-native plant species depending on the target species and specific site conditions.

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Management Recommendations For Jacoby Creek Land Trust’S Off-Channel Pond Site At The Kotke Ranch And Nature Preserve, Marcos Adrian Sosa Morales, Maeve Flynn, Auston Tague Jan 2020

Management Recommendations For Jacoby Creek Land Trust’S Off-Channel Pond Site At The Kotke Ranch And Nature Preserve, Marcos Adrian Sosa Morales, Maeve Flynn, Auston Tague

Environmental Science & Management Senior Capstones

Now more than ever there is a need for conservation easements within California because of ongoing degradation, urbanization, clear cutting and loss of habitat to ecosystems due to wildfires. The Jacoby Creek Land Trust (JCLT) is in need of a restoration and conservation plan regarding constructed off-channel ponds along Jacoby Creek. One of the ponds is flourishing and supporting different types of fishes during their migration. The other pond, our project location, is struggling to meet the JCLT’s project objectives. The pond is overgrown with European grasses due to the surrounding grazing land and has yet to see the pond's …

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The Possibility Of Prosecuting Corporations For Climate Crimes Before The International Criminal Court: All Roads Lead To The Rome Statute?, Donna Minha Jan 2020

The Possibility Of Prosecuting Corporations For Climate Crimes Before The International Criminal Court: All Roads Lead To The Rome Statute?, Donna Minha

Michigan Journal of International Law

Due to rapid developments in climate science, scientists are now able to quantifiably link significant greenhouse gas emissions caused by major oil and gas corporations to specific climate impacts. These scientific advances have been accompanied by the publication of documents and studies suggesting that the oil and gas industry allegedly had knowledge of climate change as early as sixty years ago, and yet it actively worked to promote climate change denial and to delay governmental regulation on this matter. Though climate-related litigation is proceeding against the industry in different jurisdictions, proceedings brought against oil and gas corporations mainly focus on …

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Adult Education Movements In The U.S.: Past And Current Paradigms That Shape Adult Piano Study In The 21st Century, Casey Loudin Jan 2020

Adult Education Movements In The U.S.: Past And Current Paradigms That Shape Adult Piano Study In The 21st Century, Casey Loudin

Piano Pedagogy: Masters Research Projects

The lyceum and chautauqua movements reveal how adults in the United States have been interested in continuing their education since 1826. These two general educational movements provided continuing education for adults in all walks of life. Developing an awareness of past and present paradigms in adult education can provide a road map for piano teachers to better relate to adult students who continuously desire the following benefits: accessibility to education, fulfilling musical experiences and improved mental and psychological health. While adults who enroll in group music lessons may not be traditional, adolescent students, they are an important part of today's …

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Modern Science And Ancient Wisdom: Tools For The 21st-Century Musician, Seth Quay Jan 2020

Modern Science And Ancient Wisdom: Tools For The 21st-Century Musician, Seth Quay

Piano Pedagogy: Masters Research Projects

Throughout human history, music has served as a powerful tool for healing, often associated with cultural ceremony, ritual and meditation. The emergence of the Music Therapy profession in the 20th century continues to utilize the medicinal effects of music as an aid in treating psychological and physical ailments. Advanced research methods now allow us to study the brain and nervous system alongside the acoustics of music to discover principles for meaningfully applying music as therapy. How can musicians apply these principles, through practice, performance, programming, and teaching, to reach larger audiences - reaching more than the typical single-person audience of …

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A Phenomenological Study Of Academic Advisors And Advising Administrators Perceptions On The Framing Of Advising As Teaching, Ashleigh Crowe Jan 2020

A Phenomenological Study Of Academic Advisors And Advising Administrators Perceptions On The Framing Of Advising As Teaching, Ashleigh Crowe

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Using a social constructivist framework, this phenomenological study intended to capture the lived experiences of academic advisors and advising administrators as they framed advising as teaching. I conducted nine semi-structured interviews with three professional advisors and six advising administrators representing five Midwest, four-year, public higher Education institutions. I also reviewed official documents referencing academic advising from each institution to gain an understanding of how advising was framed at the institution and program levels. Five themes emerged from these data: (1) the form and function of academic advising, (2) advising as teaching, (3) learning theories used in advising, (4) other theories …

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Direct And Indirect Effects Of Sex Steroids On Gonadotrope Cell Plasticity In The Teleost Fish Pituitary, Romain Fontaine, Muhammad Rahmad Royan, Kristine Von Krogh, Finn-Arne Weltzien, Dianne M. Baker Jan 2020

Direct And Indirect Effects Of Sex Steroids On Gonadotrope Cell Plasticity In The Teleost Fish Pituitary, Romain Fontaine, Muhammad Rahmad Royan, Kristine Von Krogh, Finn-Arne Weltzien, Dianne M. Baker

Biological Sciences Research

The pituitary gland controls many important physiological processes in vertebrates, including growth, homeostasis, and reproduction. As in mammals, the teleost pituitary exhibits a high degree of plasticity. This plasticity permits changes in hormone production and secretion necessary to meet the fluctuating demands over the life of an animal. Pituitary plasticity is achieved at both cellular and population levels. At the cellular level, hormone synthesis and release can be regulated via changes in cell composition to modulate both sensitivity and response to different signals. At the cell population level, the number of cells producing a given hormone can change due to …

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Making It Real: Shanzhai Culture In China, Kearsten Sehr Jan 2020

Making It Real: Shanzhai Culture In China, Kearsten Sehr

Theses & ETDs

In this paper, shanzhai practices in China will be discussed, particularly as they pertained to more cultural products. Much research has been done on shanzhai consumer products and luxury goods, but the more nuanced realm of cultural production and reproduction has more room for exploration. This thesis focuses on three major areas of shanzhai cultural production: architecture, literature and publishing, and video productions. Over the course of years of research, the impetus behind the continued success of the shanzhai industry was searched for and has been discovered to have become a means of expression and personal agency in a developing …

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Manipulating Temporal Processing Through Neural Entrainment To Enhance Intertemporal Decision-Making, Haley Bryan Jan 2020

Manipulating Temporal Processing Through Neural Entrainment To Enhance Intertemporal Decision-Making, Haley Bryan

Theses & ETDs

Neural oscillations, or the collective activity of an ensemble of neurons firing in rhythmic patterns, subserve myriad cognitive and behavioral functions, from physical movement to the perception of time. While neural entraining, i.e., modulating oscillatory patterns through synchronization of an external rhythmic stimulus such as sound, is understood to influence mechanisms driving perception and behavior, it is unclear whether entrainment techniques can manipulate mechanisms subserving temporal processing, which determines behavior on time-dependent tasks. In this thesis, I have attempted to manipulate temporal processing to enhance abilities to make decisions that involve time, i.e., intertemporal choice. In a within-subject study design, …

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El Engaño De La Piel: La Transmutación Alquímica Del Sujeto Transexual En “La Piel Que Habito”, Antonia Delgado-Poust Jan 2020

El Engaño De La Piel: La Transmutación Alquímica Del Sujeto Transexual En “La Piel Que Habito”, Antonia Delgado-Poust

Modern Languages & Literatures Articles

This article considers the creative and transformative process undergone by the main protagonist –a transsexual- of La piel que habito (2011) while comparing it to the age-old alchemical process, as the two share a common objective: the perfection, imitation, and adulteration –or falsification- of nature. The main purpose of this essay, aside from delineating the alchemical motifs present throughout the film, is to explore the (con)fusion of a particular set of binaries, such as the authentic and the artificial, the masculine and the feminine, and the Self and the Other. The author maintains that, as with alchemy, Almodóvar presents the …

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The Activity Of Sulfono-Γ-Aapeptide Helical Foldamers That Mimic Glp-1, Peng Sang, Zhihong Zhou, Yan Shi, Candy Lee, Zaid Amso, David Huang, Timothy Odom, Vân T.B. Nguyen-Tran, Weijun Shen, Jianfeng Cai Jan 2020

The Activity Of Sulfono-Γ-Aapeptide Helical Foldamers That Mimic Glp-1, Peng Sang, Zhihong Zhou, Yan Shi, Candy Lee, Zaid Amso, David Huang, Timothy Odom, Vân T.B. Nguyen-Tran, Weijun Shen, Jianfeng Cai

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Existing long α-helix mimicking necessitates the retention of most natural amino acid residues to maintain their biological activity. Here, we report the exploration of helical sulfono-γ-AApeptides with entire unnatural backbones for their ability to structurally and functionally mimic glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Our findings suggest that efficient construction of novel GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists could be achieved with nanomolar potencies. In addition, the resulting sulfono-γ-AApeptides were also proved to display remarkable stability against enzymatic degradation compared to GLP-1, augmenting their biological potential. This alternative strategy of α-helix mimicking, as a proof of concept, could provide a new paradigm to prepare …

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Crisis 3-Crisis En La Vida, Marcos Kempff Jan 2020

Crisis 3-Crisis En La Vida, Marcos Kempff

Crisis y luto

Crisis 3-Crisis en la vida

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Luto 5-Palabras Que Ayudan, Tricia Lott Willford Jan 2020

Luto 5-Palabras Que Ayudan, Tricia Lott Willford

Crisis y luto

Luto 5-Palabras que ayudan

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Molecular Tools For Coral Reef Restoration: Beyond Biomarker Discovery, John Everett Parkinson, Andrew C. Baker, Iliana B. Baums, Sarah W. Davies, Andréa G. Grottoli, Sheila A. Kitchen, Mikhail V. Matz, Margaret W. Miller, Andrew A. Shantz, Carly D. Kenkel Jan 2020

Molecular Tools For Coral Reef Restoration: Beyond Biomarker Discovery, John Everett Parkinson, Andrew C. Baker, Iliana B. Baums, Sarah W. Davies, Andréa G. Grottoli, Sheila A. Kitchen, Mikhail V. Matz, Margaret W. Miller, Andrew A. Shantz, Carly D. Kenkel

Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications

As coral reefs continue to decline due to climate change and other stressors, scientists have proposed adopting genomic tools, such as biomarkers, to aid in the conservation and restoration of these threatened ecosystems. Biomarkers are easily measured indicators of biological processes that can be used to predict or diagnose health, resilience, and other key performance metrics. The ultimate goal of developing biomarkers is to determine the conservation value and utility of a given coral colony, including the host animal, its algal symbionts, and their microbial partners. However, this goal remains distant because most efforts have not yet moved beyond the …

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Diversity And Abundance Of Dragonflies And Damselflies In Tampa Bay, Florida, Meredith A. Krause, Thomas Koster, Bryan N. Macneill, Daniel J. Zydek, Nicholas T. Ogburn, Jonathan Sharpin, Robert Shell, Marc J. Lajeunesse Jan 2020

Diversity And Abundance Of Dragonflies And Damselflies In Tampa Bay, Florida, Meredith A. Krause, Thomas Koster, Bryan N. Macneill, Daniel J. Zydek, Nicholas T. Ogburn, Jonathan Sharpin, Robert Shell, Marc J. Lajeunesse

Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications

Little is known about the community of dragonflies and damselflies in Tampa Bay, Florida, USA. To address this gap, we conducted 2 longitudinal surveys of adult odonates in a natural floodplain of the Hillsborough River in 2013 and 2017. Along with abundance and species diversity, we also measured intraspecific variation in body size, sexual dimorphism, wing-cell asymmetry, and water mite ectoparasitism. Our first weekly survey from Oct 2013 to Oct 2014 sampled 327 adults (230 female, 97 male) from 8 dragonfly species, with the eastern pondhawk (Erythemis simplicicollis Say; Odonata: Libellulidae) representing 79% of captures, followed by the second …

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Fare Free Public Transportation Bus Systems: An Examination Of Funding Strategies To Replace Passenger Fare Collection, Amy Vanguilder Jan 2020

Fare Free Public Transportation Bus Systems: An Examination Of Funding Strategies To Replace Passenger Fare Collection, Amy Vanguilder

West Chester University Doctoral Projects

American public transportation systems have been moving people for more than a century. To some, the transit bus may alleviate frustrations related to finding parking or having to pay expensive parking fees. To others, public transportation may be their lifeline for all travel needs including work, school, medical appointments, and even recreation. While these direct benefits assist those citizens that do use public transportation, public transportation can also bring other benefits indirectly to society in the form of decreased congestion and pollution. As more and more people begin using public transportation systems, they will soon find that public transportation systems …

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Traumatic Brain Injury, Julian E. Bailes, Cesar V. Borlongan Jan 2020

Traumatic Brain Injury, Julian E. Bailes, Cesar V. Borlongan

Neurosurgery and Brain Repair Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Eyeballing Stroke: Blood Flow Alterations In The Eye And Visual Impairments Following Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion In Adult Rats, Jea-Young Lee, Vanessa Castelli, Brooke Bonsack, Julián García-Sánchez, Chase Kingsbury, Hung Nguyen, Naoki Tajiri, Cesar V. Borlongan Jan 2020

Eyeballing Stroke: Blood Flow Alterations In The Eye And Visual Impairments Following Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion In Adult Rats, Jea-Young Lee, Vanessa Castelli, Brooke Bonsack, Julián García-Sánchez, Chase Kingsbury, Hung Nguyen, Naoki Tajiri, Cesar V. Borlongan

Neurosurgery and Brain Repair Faculty Publications

Middle cerebral artery occlusion in rodents remains a widely used model of ischemic stroke. Recently, we reported the occurrence of retinal ischemia in animals subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion, owing in part to the circulatory juxtaposition of the ophthalmic artery to the middle cerebral artery. In this study, we examined the eye hemodynamics and visual deficits in middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced stroke rats. The brain and eye were evaluated by laser Doppler at baseline (prior to middle cerebral artery occlusion), during and after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Retinal function-relevant behavioral and histological outcomes were performed at 3 and 14 …

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Spleen Participation In Partial Mhc Class Ii Construct Neuroprotection In Stroke, John Brown, Chase Kingsbury, Jea-Young Lee, Arthur A. Vandenbark, Roberto Meza-Romero, Halina Offner, Cesar V. Borlongan Jan 2020

Spleen Participation In Partial Mhc Class Ii Construct Neuroprotection In Stroke, John Brown, Chase Kingsbury, Jea-Young Lee, Arthur A. Vandenbark, Roberto Meza-Romero, Halina Offner, Cesar V. Borlongan

Neurosurgery and Brain Repair Faculty Publications

Pathological progression of stroke in the peripheral and central nervous systems (PNS and CNS) is characterized by multiple converging signalling pathways that exacerbate neuroinflammation-mediated secondary cell death. This creates a need for a novel type of immunotherapy capable of simultaneously lowering the synergistic inflammatory responses in the PNS and CNS, specifically the spleen and brain. Previously, we demonstrated that partial major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II constructs can be administered subcutaneously to promote histological and behavioural effects that alleviate common symptoms found in a murine model of transient stroke. This MHC class II manipulates T cell cytokine expression in both …

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The Role Of Gut Microbiome Perturbation In Fatigue Induced By Repeated Stress From Chemoradiotherapy: A Proof Of Concept Study, Velda J. González-Mercado, Josué Pérez-Santiago, Debra Lyon, Israel Dilán-Pantojas, Wendy Henderson, Susan Mcmillan, Maureen Groer, Brad Kane, Sara Marrero, Elsa Pedro, Leorey N. Saligan Jan 2020

The Role Of Gut Microbiome Perturbation In Fatigue Induced By Repeated Stress From Chemoradiotherapy: A Proof Of Concept Study, Velda J. González-Mercado, Josué Pérez-Santiago, Debra Lyon, Israel Dilán-Pantojas, Wendy Henderson, Susan Mcmillan, Maureen Groer, Brad Kane, Sara Marrero, Elsa Pedro, Leorey N. Saligan

Nursing Faculty Publications

Objectives. The objectives of this proof of concept study were to (a) examine the temporal changes in fatigue and diversity of the gut microbiome over the course of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in adults with rectal cancers; (b) investigate whether there are differences in diversity of the gut microbiome between fatigued and nonfatigued participants at the middle and at the end of CRT; and (c) investigate whether there are differences in the relative abundance of fecal microbiota at the phylum and genus levels between fatigued and nonfatigued participants at the middle and at the end of CRT. Methods. Stool samples …

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Potential Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alone, Or In Combination, To Treat Traumatic Brain Injury, Alison E. Willing, Mahasweta Das, Mark Howell, Shyam S. Mohapatra, Subhra Mohapatra Jan 2020

Potential Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alone, Or In Combination, To Treat Traumatic Brain Injury, Alison E. Willing, Mahasweta Das, Mark Howell, Shyam S. Mohapatra, Subhra Mohapatra

Neurosurgery and Brain Repair Faculty Publications

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes death and disability in the United States and around the world. The traumatic insult causes the mechanical injury of the brain and primary cellular death. While a comprehensive pathological mechanism of TBI is still lacking, the focus of the TBI research is concentrated on understanding the pathophysiology and developing suitable therapeutic approaches. Given the complexities in pathophysiology involving interconnected immunologic, inflammatory, and neurological cascades occurring after TBI, the therapies directed to a single mechanism fail in the clinical trials. This has led to the development of the paradigm of a combination therapeutic approach against TBI. …

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Comparison Of Poly-A+ Selection And Rrna Depletion In Detection Of Lncrna In Two Equine Tissues Using Rna-Seq, Anna R. Dahlgren, Erica Y. Scott, Tamer Mansour, Erin N. Hales, Pablo J. Ross, Theodore S. Kalbfleisch, James N. Macleod, Jessica Lynn Petersen, Rebecca R. Bellone, Carrie J. Finno Jan 2020

Comparison Of Poly-A+ Selection And Rrna Depletion In Detection Of Lncrna In Two Equine Tissues Using Rna-Seq, Anna R. Dahlgren, Erica Y. Scott, Tamer Mansour, Erin N. Hales, Pablo J. Ross, Theodore S. Kalbfleisch, James N. Macleod, Jessica Lynn Petersen, Rebecca R. Bellone, Carrie J. Finno

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are untranslated regulatory transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that can play a role in transcriptional, post-translational, and epigenetic regulation. Traditionally, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) libraries have been created by isolating transcriptomic RNA via poly-A+ selection. In the past 10 years, methods to perform ribosomal RNA (rRNA) depletion of total RNA have been developed as an alternative, aiming for better coverage of whole transcriptomic RNA, both polyadenylated and non-polyadenylated transcripts. The purpose of this study was to determine which library preparation method is optimal for lncRNA investigations in the horse. Using liver and cerebral parietal lobe tissues from two …

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Special Topic: Cell-Based Meat: The Need To Assess Holistically, Cameron Faustman, Deb Hamernik, Michael Looper, Steven A. Zinn Jan 2020

Special Topic: Cell-Based Meat: The Need To Assess Holistically, Cameron Faustman, Deb Hamernik, Michael Looper, Steven A. Zinn

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Proof-of-principle for large-scale engineering of edible muscle tissue, in vitro, was established with the product’s introduction in 2013. Subsequent research and commentary on the potential for cell-based meat to be a viable food option and potential alternative to conventional meat have been significant. While some of this has focused on the biology and engineering required to optimize the manufacturing process, a majority of debate has focused on cultural, environmental, and regulatory considerations. Animal scientists and others with expertise in muscle and cell biology, physiology, and meat science have contributed to the knowledge base that has made cell-based meat possible and …

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Asas Celebrates 10 Years Of Publishing Animal Frontiers: The Review Magazine Of Animal Agriculture, Debora L. Hamernik, Meghan Wulster-Radcliffe, Steven A. Zinn Jan 2020

Asas Celebrates 10 Years Of Publishing Animal Frontiers: The Review Magazine Of Animal Agriculture, Debora L. Hamernik, Meghan Wulster-Radcliffe, Steven A. Zinn

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

In July 2011, the first issue of Animal Frontiers was published by an international consortium including the American Society of Animal Science (ASAS), the Canadian Society of Animal Science (CSAS), and the European Federation of Animal Science (EAAP). Development of an international, science-based, open access journal that provided review articles and global perspectives on the complex dynamics associated with the production of animal-sourced foods was an accomplishment in and of itself, but the ability to meet the needs of a diverse community of readers, including scientists, policy makers, educators, and the general public set Animal Frontiers apart from other journals. …

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The Effect Of Varicocele On Semen Quality In Boars Exposed To Heat Stress, Tasha R. Gruhot, Brett White, Benny Mote Jan 2020

The Effect Of Varicocele On Semen Quality In Boars Exposed To Heat Stress, Tasha R. Gruhot, Brett White, Benny Mote

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Semen quality has a dramatic impact on reproductive efficiency in the swine industry, influencing both conception rate and litter size. The objective of this study was to assess whether the presence of varicocele hinders semen quality in both thermoneutral and heat stress (HS) conditions. At approximately 6 mo of age, ultrasonography was used to measure left and right pampiniform plexus area in order to detect varicocele in maternal line boars at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. Between 10 and 12 mo of age, semen was collected from each boar (n = 28) twice weekly. Boars were collected under thermoneutral conditions, were …

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Formation And Characterization Of Lipid Droplets Of The Bovine Corpus Luteum, Heather A. Talbott, Michele R. Plewes, Crystal Krause, Xiaoying Hou, Pan Zhang, William B. Rizzo, Jennifer R. Wood, Andrea S. Cupp, John S. Davis Jan 2020

Formation And Characterization Of Lipid Droplets Of The Bovine Corpus Luteum, Heather A. Talbott, Michele R. Plewes, Crystal Krause, Xiaoying Hou, Pan Zhang, William B. Rizzo, Jennifer R. Wood, Andrea S. Cupp, John S. Davis

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Establishment and maintenance of pregnancy depends on progesterone synthesized by luteal tissue in the ovary. Our objective was to identify the characteristics of lipid droplets (LDs) in ovarian steroidogenic cells. We hypothesized that LDs are a major feature of steroidogenic luteal cells and store cholesteryl esters. Whole bovine tissues, isolated ovarian steroidogenic cells (granulosa, theca, small luteal, and large luteal), and isolated luteal LDs were assessed for LD content, LD-associated proteins and lipid analyses. Bovine luteal tissue contained abundant lipid droplets, LD-associated perilipins 2/3/5, hormone-sensitive lipase, and 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase ABHD5. Luteal tissue was enriched in triglycerides (TGs) compared to other …

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Asas-Nanp Symposium: Ruminant/ Nonruminant Feed Composition: Challenges And Opportunities Associated With Creating Large Feed Composition Tables, Andres Schlageter-Tello, George C. Fahey, Tarra Freel, Liz Koutsos, Phillip S. Miller, William P. Weiss Jan 2020

Asas-Nanp Symposium: Ruminant/ Nonruminant Feed Composition: Challenges And Opportunities Associated With Creating Large Feed Composition Tables, Andres Schlageter-Tello, George C. Fahey, Tarra Freel, Liz Koutsos, Phillip S. Miller, William P. Weiss

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Traditional feed composition tables have been a useful tool in the field of animal nutrition throughout the last 70 yr. The objective of this paper is to discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with creating large feed ingredient composition tables. This manuscript will focus on three topics discussed during the National Animal Nutrition Program (NANP) Symposium in ruminant and nonruminant nutrition carried out at the American Society of Animal Science Annual Meeting in Austin, TX, on July 11, 2019, namely: 1) Using large datasets in feed composition tables and the importance of standard deviation in nutrient composition as well as …

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Impact Of Cow Milk Production On Cow–Calf Performance In The Nebraska Sandhills, Tasha M. King, Jacki A. Musgrave, Richard N. Funston, J. Travis Mulliniks Jan 2020

Impact Of Cow Milk Production On Cow–Calf Performance In The Nebraska Sandhills, Tasha M. King, Jacki A. Musgrave, Richard N. Funston, J. Travis Mulliniks

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Livestock producers have tended to select for increased output traits like milk production and growth to increase productivity. Even with the increased selection for greater calf growth potential, some regions in the United States have seen a plateau in calf body weight (BW) at weaning (Lalman et al., 2019). When focusing on reaching maximum potential of these output traits, it is important to consider the multitude of variables that affect a production system. With increased milk production, nutrient requirements for cows become increased (Ferrell and Jenkins, 1984; Montaño-Bermudez et al., 1990), which may not be met if range and forage …

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Influence Of Host Genetics In Shaping The Rumen Bacterial Community In Beef Cattle, Waseem Abbas, Jeremy T. Howard, Henry Paz, Kristin E. Hales, James E. Wells, Larry A. Kuehn, Galen E. Erickson, Matthew L. Spangler, Samodha Fernando Jan 2020

Influence Of Host Genetics In Shaping The Rumen Bacterial Community In Beef Cattle, Waseem Abbas, Jeremy T. Howard, Henry Paz, Kristin E. Hales, James E. Wells, Larry A. Kuehn, Galen E. Erickson, Matthew L. Spangler, Samodha Fernando

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

In light of recent host-microbial association studies, a consensus is evolving that species composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota is a polygenic trait governed by interactions between host genetic factors and the environment. Here, we investigated the effect of host genetic factors in shaping the bacterial species composition in the rumen by performing a genome-wide association study. Using a common set of 61,974 single-nucleotide polymorphisms found in cattle genomes (n = 586) and corresponding rumen bacterial community composition, we identified operational taxonomic units (OTUs), Families and Phyla with high heritability. The top associations (1-Mb windows) were located on 7 chromosomes. These …

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Genetic Structure And Admixture In Sheep From Terminal Breeds In The United States, Kimberly M. Davenport, C. Hiemke, Stephanie D. Mc Kay, J. W. Thorne, Ronald M. Lewis, Todd Taylor, B. M. Murdoch Jan 2020

Genetic Structure And Admixture In Sheep From Terminal Breeds In The United States, Kimberly M. Davenport, C. Hiemke, Stephanie D. Mc Kay, J. W. Thorne, Ronald M. Lewis, Todd Taylor, B. M. Murdoch

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Selection for performance in diverse production settings has resulted in variation across sheep breeds worldwide. Although sheep are an important species to the United States, the current genetic relationship among many terminal sire breeds is not well characterized. Suffolk, Hampshire, Shropshire and Oxford (terminal) and Rambouillet (dual purpose) sheep (n = 248) sampled from different flocks were genotyped using the Applied Biosystems Axiom Ovine Genotyping Array (50K), and additional Shropshire sheep (n = 26) using the Illumina Ovine SNP50 BeadChip. Relationships were investigated by calculating observed heterozygosity, inbreeding coefficients, eigenvalues, pairwise Wright’s FST estimates and an identity by state matrix. …

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