Digital Commons Network^™

Trail Cameras Are A Key Monitoring Tool For Determining Target And Non-Target Bait-Take During Rodent Removal Operations: Evidence From Desecheo Island Rat Eradication, Aaron B. Shiels, D. Will, C. Figuerola-Hernández, K.J. Swinnerton, S. Silander, C. Samra, G.W. Witmer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Efforts to remove invasive rodents (e.g. Rattus spp. and Mus musculus) from islands often use toxicant-laced baits containing the anticoagulants brodifacoum or diphacinone. Rodenticide baits are generally delivered through aerialor hand-broadcast, or in bait stations. These baits are not rodent-specific and are subject to non-target consumption or secondary exposure (e.g. an individual preying upon another individual that has consumed bait). During rodenticide applications, it is generally unknown which animals are visiting and consuming bait; and to quantify this, we recommend using trail cameras (e.g. Reconyx^tm motion-activated infra-red) positioned to monitor individual bait pellets. To demonstrate the importance and effectiveness …

Attitudes Toward Using And Teaching Confidence Intervals: A Latent Profile Analysis On Elementary Statistics Instructors, Hyung Won Kim, Woo Jin Kim, Aaron T. Wilson, Ho Kyoung Ko

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

The use of confidence intervals (CIs) for making a statistical inference is gaining popularity in research communities. To evaluate college statistics instructors’ readiness to teach CIs, this study explores their attitudes toward teaching CIs in elementary statistics courses, and toward using CIs in inferential statistics. Data were collected with a survey that classifies instructors’ attitudes on the basis of three previously established pedagogical components: affective, cognitive, and behavioral. Based on the survey responses from 270 participants, we created three profiles (subgroups) via latent profile analysis, and identified each profile’s pattern of attitudes toward CIs and common characteristics of the instructors …

Tuning The Reactivity Of Nanoenergetic Gas Generators Based On Bismuth And Iodine Oxidizers, Mkhitar A. Hobosyan, Karen S. Martirosyan

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

There is a growing interest on novel energetic materials called Nanoenergetic Gas- Generators (NGGs) which are potential alternatives to traditional energetic materials including pyrotechnics, propellants, primers and solid rocket fuels. NGGs are formulations that utilize metal powders as a fuel and oxides or hydroxides as oxidizers that can rapidly release large amount of heat and gaseous products to generate shock waves. The heat and pressure discharge, impact sensitivity, long term stability and other critical properties depend on the particle size and shape, as well as assembling procedure and intermixing degree between the components. The extremely high energy density and the …

Eigenstates Transition Without Undergoing An Adiabatic Process, Fatemeh Mostafavi, Luqi Yuan, Hamidreza Ramezani

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

We introduce a class of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians that offers a dynamical approach to a shortcut to adiabaticity (DASA). In particular, in our proposed 2 × 2 Hamiltonians, one eigenvalue is absolutely real and the other one is complex. This specific form of eigenvalues helps us to exponentially decay the population in an undesired eigenfunction or amplify the population in the desired state while keeping the probability amplitude in the other eigenfunction conserved. This provides us with a powerful method to have a diabatic process with the same outcome as its corresponding adiabatic process. In contrast to standard shortcuts to adiabaticity, …

Tests Of General Relativity With Gw170817, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, Robert Stone, D. Tuyenbayev, W. H. Wang

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

The recent discovery by Advanced LIGOand AdvancedVirgo of a gravitational wave signal from a binary neutron star inspiral has enabled tests of general relativity (GR) with this new type of source. This source, for the first time, permits tests of strong-field dynamics of compact binaries in the presence of matter. In this Letter, we place constraints on the dipole radiation and possible deviations from GR in the post-Newtonian coefficients that govern the inspiral regime. Bounds on modified dispersion of gravitational waves are obtained; in combination with information from the observed electromagnetic counterpart we can also constrain effects due to large …

Narrow-Band Search For Gravitational Waves From Known Pulsars Using The Second Ligo Observing Run, B. P. Abbott, B. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, D. Tuyenbayev, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, Satzhan Sitmukhambetov, Robert Stone, A. K. Zadrozny

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

Isolated spinning neutron stars, asymmetric with respect to their rotation axis, are expected to be sources of continuous gravitational waves. The most sensitive searches for these sources are based on accurate matched filtering techniques that assume the continuous wave to be phase locked with the pulsar beamed emission. While matched filtering maximizes the search sensitivity, a significant signal-to-noise ratio loss will happen in the case of a mismatch between the assumed and the true signal phase evolution. Narrowband algorithms allow for a small mismatch in the frequency and spin-down values of the pulsar while coherently integrating the entire dataset. In …

Constraining The P-Mode–G-Mode Tidal Instability With Gw170817, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, D. Tuyenbayev, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, Robert Stone, W. H. Wang

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

We analyze the impact of a proposed tidal instability coupling p modes and g modes within neutron stars on GW170817. This nonresonant instability transfers energy fromthe orbit of the binary to internal modes of the stars, accelerating the gravitational-wave driven inspiral.We model the impact of this instability on the phasing of the gravitational wave signal using three parameters per star: an overall amplitude, a saturation frequency, and a spectral index. Incorporating these additional parameters, we compute the Bayes factor (lnBpg !pg) comparing our p-g model to a standard one. We find that the observed signal is consistent with waveform models …

All-Sky Search For Long-Duration Gravitational-Wave Transients In The Second Advanced Ligo Observing Run, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Malik Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, Satzhan Sitmukhambetov, Robert Stone, D. Tuyenbayev, W. H. Wang, A. K. Zadrozny

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

We present the results of a search for long-duration gravitational-wave transients in the data from the Advanced LIGO second observation run; we search for gravitational-wave transients of 2–500 s duration in the 24–2048 Hz frequency band with minimal assumptions about signal properties such as waveform morphologies, polarization, sky location or time of occurrence. Signal families covered by these search algorithms include fallback accretion onto neutron stars, broadband chirps from innermost stable circular orbit waves around rotating black holes, eccentric inspiral-merger-ringdown compact binary coalescence waveforms, and other models. The second observation run totals about 118.3 days of coincident data between November …

Search For Gravitational Waves From A Long-Lived Remnant Of The Binary Neutron Star Merger Gw170817, B. P. Abbott, B. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, Robert Stone, D. Tuyenbayev, W. H. Wang

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

One unanswered question about the binary neutron star coalescence GW170817 is the nature of its post-merger remnant. A previous search for post-merger gravitational waves targeted high-frequency signals from a possible neutron star remnant with a maximum signal duration of 500 s. Here, we revisit the neutron star remnant scenario and focus on longer signal durations, up until the end of the second Advanced LIGO-Virgo observing run, which was 8.5 days after the coalescence of GW170817. The main physical scenario for this emission is the power-law spindown of a massive magnetar-like remnant. We use four independent search algorithms with varying degrees …

Search For Transient Gravitational-Wave Signals Associated With Magnetar Bursts During Advanced Ligo’S Second Observing Run, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, K. E. Ramirez, Malik Rakhmanov, Satzhan Sitmukhambetov, Robert Stone

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

We present the results of a search for short- and intermediate-duration gravitational-wave signals from four magnetar bursts in Advanced LIGO’s second observing run. We find no evidence of a signal and set upper bounds on the root sum squared of the total dimensionless strain (hrss) from incoming intermediate-duration gravitational waves ranging from 1.1 × 10−22 at 150 Hz to 4.4 × 10−22 at 1550 Hz at 50% detection efficiency. From the known distance to the magnetar SGR 1806–20 (8.7 kpc), we can place upper bounds on the isotropic gravitational-wave energy of 3.4 × 10^-44 erg at 150 Hz assuming optimal …

A Psychometric Analysis Of The Social Anxiety Scale For Adolescents Among Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Caregiver–Adolescent Agreement, Factor Structure, And Validity, Hillary Schiltz, Brooke E. Magnus, Alana J. Mcvey, Angela Haendel, Bridget Dolan, Rachel E. Stanley, Kirsten S. Willar, Sheryl Pleiss, Audrey Meyer Carson, Mary E. Carlson, Christina Murphy, Elisabeth M. Vogt, Brianna D. Yund, Amy V. Van Hecke

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

Social anxiety is common among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). An ongoing challenge for both research and clinical practice in ASD is the assessment of anxious symptomatology. Despite its widespread use in samples of youth with ASD, the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A) has not received psychometric evaluation within this population; thus, the validity of its use in research and clinical practice for ASD remains unclear. The present study conducted a psychometric analysis of caregiver and adolescent SAS-A forms in a sample of adolescents with ASD (N = 197). Results revealed (1) poor caregiver–adolescent item-level agreement, (2) …

“I Wasn’T Expecting It”: High School Experiences And Navigating Belonging In The Transition To College, Carly Offidani-Bertrand, Gabriel M. Velez, Claudia Benz, Micere Keels

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

For emerging adults transitioning to college, normative social and contextual shifts present challenges that are largely a productive aspect of development. But not all students have the same experiences, nor do all students manage similar experiences in similar ways. Black and Latinx emerging adults transitioning to Historically White Institutions must adjust not only to college life but also to feeling different and, sometimes, isolated. There is a dearth of qualitative work examining how students of color make meaning of their racial-ethnic experiences on campus. Our article draws on a mixed-methods study of Black and Latinx emerging adults’ transition to college …

An Emerging Theory Of The Persistence Of Social Class Microaggressions: An Interpretative Phenomenological Study, Jennifer M. Cook, Caroline O'Hara

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

Eleven counselor education doctoral students participated in an Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis study aimed to understand their social class microaggressions (SCMs) experiences. A tentative theory emerged from the data that SCMs persist to preserve homeostasis. The super-ordinate theme, Unequal, Embedded, Societal Structures is corroborated by the subordinate themes, Social Class Invisibility, Intersecting Identities, Perceptions and Assumptions about Social Class, Privilege and Unawareness about Social Class, and SCM Manifestations. Together, the superordinate theme and subsequent subordinate themes culminate in the preservation of homeostasis. We offer a data driven model to depict the theory, present participant data with extensive quotes, counseling …

Social And Psychological Factors Affecting Coping With And Adjusting To Disability, Alie Kriofske Mainella, Susan Miller Smedema

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

This chapter provides an overview of the social and psychological factors contributing to coping with and adjusting to disability by summarizing models; clinical implications, evidence-based practice, and measurement issues; and empirical research related to the process of coping with and adjustment to disability. While the models are useful for understanding a portion of the experience of people with disabilities and their coping and adjustment process, these reactions are not universal and not always experienced in an orderly sequence. Both coping and adaptation are multidimensional, complex processes affected by many factors and influenced by the person with the disability, the stress …

Characteristics Of Convectively Induced Turbulence Determined From Tropical And Midlatitude Simulations, Katelyn Audrey Barber

Theses and Dissertations

Out-of-cloud convectively induced turbulence (CIT) poses both a serious threat to aviation operations and a challenge to forecasting applications. This challenge is particularly large in the tropics, as CIT prediction and avoidance are limited due to sparse observations and lack of tropical turbulence research. This study uses high resolution numerical simulations to investigate out-of-cloud CIT properties including intensity, areal coverage, and location using popular turbulence diagnostics in both the tropics and midlatitudes. Convective types are varied in both regions to determine the influence of convective strength and stage (developing versus mature) on CIT characteristics. The Ellrod index, Richardson number, subgrid-scale …

Multicultural Education And Cultural Competency Standards For Legal Professionals, Stephanie Bono

Theses and Dissertations

The development of multicultural education and cultural competency standards for legal professionals is an important topic within the legal field (Bryant, 2001; Weng, 2005; Curcio, Ward, & Dogra, 2013). The legal profession plays a major role in American society, with legal professionals working in prominent positions within the government, financial sector, and business, in addition to private law firms. These professionals create policy, write laws, and advocate on behalf of others. They are leaders and experts who possess enormous power, and we rely on them to make decisions that will allow our society to thrive. In recent decades, however, our …

Associations Between Parental Alcoholism And Adult Internalized And Externalized Indicators Of Maladjustment, Stephanie Brezinski

Theses and Dissertations

Associations between parental alcoholism and internalized and externalized indicators of maladjustment in adult children of alcoholics were examined. College students (N = 2,531) and respondents from the general population (N = 703) provided self-reports of various internalized and externalized indicators of maladjustment. Several hypotheses were tested: (1) CAST scores will be positively associated with symptom severity; (2) Combined maternal and paternal alcoholism will be associated with the most severe maladjustment compared to ACAs from a single parent and/or non-ACAs; (3) Male ACAs will exhibit relatively more externalized symptoms than internalized symptoms and female ACAs will exhibit relatively more internalized symptoms …

Temporal Trends In The Grip Strength Of Children And Adolescents, Faith Lavoy Dooley

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: To estimate national and international temporal trends in the handgrip strength of children and adolescents, and to examine relationships between trends in handgrip strength and trends in health-related and sociodemographic indicators.

Methods: Data were obtained in two ways: (a) through a systematic electronic database search for studies reporting on temporal trends in the handgrip strength of apparently healthy 9–17-year-olds, (b) pearling reference lists, topical systematic reviews and personal libraries, and (c) by examining large national fitness datasets suitable to temporal trends analysis. Sample-weighted temporal trends were estimated using best-fitting regression models relating the year of testing to mean handgrip …

Empathetic Student-Centric Decisional Mindset: A Grounded Theory Study Of Teachers' Judgment Experiences, Joshua Sean Grover

Theses and Dissertations

Teachers must have the ability to make meaningful instructional decisions within the classroom. This ability to make decisions can be identified as a potential capacity within an organization within the broad theory of professional capital (Fullan & Hargreaves, 2013). Professional capital involves three mini-frameworks: social, human, and decisional capital. Literature supports the concepts of social and human capital investment within organizations (Gilead, 2009).

The conceptual framework for this study was based on the emergent theory of decisional capital. Hargreaves (2015) stated that it is within decisional capital that the capacities of experience, challenging and stretching, reflective practice, and teacher judgment …

Integrating Best Practice Into Fieldwork: A Narrative Inquiry Into The Level Ii Experiences Of Occupational Therapy Students, Cherie Graves

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore occupational therapy student’s experiences with integrating best practice professional ideals during Level II fieldwork. Occupational therapy students in the United States complete 24 weeks of Level II fieldwork prior to graduation. Students transition from the classroom setting where they are prepared with knowledge about the professions best practice ideals, to the fieldwork setting where many factors impact the learning experience. Using qualitative research, a narrative inquiry was undertaken to explore the experiences of four occupational therapy students during their Level II fieldwork experiences. I interviewed each student on five occasions throughout the …

Determination Of Sorption Characteristics Of Wood Using A New Non-Fickian Empirical Model, Joshua Troy Hatton

Theses and Dissertations

Wood is a versatile and cost-effective building material found in everyday life. However, it has a disadvantage of readily absorbing both water vapor from the surrounding air and liquid water when in direct contact. The absorption of water increases the rate of the wood decaying and can also affect the physical properties, such as warping and swelling. Previous research has looked into defining the rate of absorption by modeling it based on Fick’s second law. Fick’s second law bases the rate of absorption on a diffusion coefficient; a constant that changes with time. Herein, a new empirical model is proposed …

A Consensual Qualitative Review Exploring Mental Health Stigma And Its Impact On Psychological Help-Seeking Among Fundamentally Religious Individuals, Teresa Huff-Pomstra

Theses and Dissertations

Despite the wide range and availability of mental health (MH) treatment and resources, individuals with MH concerns often do not seek out treatment, with stigma presenting as a significant barrier to help-seeking. Various multicultural factors may interact with stigma, such as race or gender, and together may impact the HS process. One factor in particular, one’s religious beliefs, may be influential in how someone goes about addressing their MH. Religious faith holds an important place for many Americans, with 77% professing identification with some religion (Pew Research Center, 2014). The goal of this Consensual Qualitative Research project was to explore …

A Systematic Analysis Of Temporal Trends In The Sit-Ups Performance Of 9,939,289 Children And Adolescents Between 1964 And 2017 Representing 31 Countries, Tori Kaster

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: To estimate national and international temporal trends in the sit-ups

performance of children and adolescents, and to examine relationships between trends in sit-ups performance and trends in health-related and sociodemographic indicators. Methods: Data were obtained in three ways: (a) through a systematic electronic database search of studies reporting on temporal trends in the handgrip strength of apparently healthy 9–17 year-olds, (b) by pearling reference lists, topical systematic reviews and personal libraries, and (c) by examining large country-level fitness datasets suitable to temporal trends analysis. Sample-weighted temporal trends (expressed as percent and standardized trends) were estimated at the country-sex-age level …

Monte Carlo Methods And Inductor-Capacitor Network Models In Two Dimensional Superconducting And Magnetic Systems, Pragalv Karki

Theses and Dissertations

The first chapter of this book provides a brief history of the important developments in superconductivity. After a general introduction, the superconductor-insulator transition is discussed in regards to open questions in the field and some of the questions tackled in this dissertation. Also, a brief introduction to ferromagnetism and phase transition in ferromagnetic systems is presented.

In the second chapter, the results of simulations of three types of random inductor-capacitor (LC) networks on square lattices are presented [1,2]. The dynamical conductivity was calculated using an equation-of-motion method. The critical exponent was extracted at low frequencies. The results suggest that there …

Innovation Of Petrophysical And Geomechanical Experiment Methodologies: The Application Of 3d Printing Technology, Lingyun Kong

Theses and Dissertations

The petrophysical and geomechanical properties of rocks link the geology origin with engineering practice, which serves as the fundamental of various disciplinaries associated with subsurface porous media, including civil engineering, underground water, geological exploration, and petroleum engineering. The research methodologies can be mainly divided into three aspects: theoretical modelling, numerical simulation, and experiments, in which the last approach plays a critical role that can support, validate, calibrate, or even refute a hypothesis. Only replying on repeatable trials and consolidate analysis of precise results can the experiments be successful and convincing, though uncertainties, due to multiple factors, need to be scrutinized …

Petrophysical Characterization Of Reservoir And Oil Properties As A Tool For Choosing Optimal Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods: Case Study Of Dawson Bay Formation, Divide County, North Dakota, United States, Kayode James Olatunji

Theses and Dissertations

In unconventional reservoirs, i.e., shaly or tight sand formations, with low porosity and very low permeability, the oil recovery factor is low hence enhanced oil recovery is important. In the conventional reservoirs, once the primary and secondary stages of recovery are exhausted, about two-thirds of the original oil in place is left behind. Enhanced Oil Recovery aims to recover the remaining oil (Green and Wilhite, 1998). These makes the enhanced oil recovery to be of great importance. Efforts are always in place to see how the system can be improved.

The study was carried out to describe the overview of …

Use Of Landsat Satellite Imagery To Identify The Salinization Of Soil Due To Brine Spills In Northwestern North Dakota, Neha Patel

Theses and Dissertations

Oil and gas development in northwestern North Dakota, has resulted in the drilling of more than 32,000 wells and produced large volumes of salt water (brine). Brine spills can have negative impacts on plant and water resources. This research evaluated the detection of brine spills in Bottineau County, North Dakota using Landsat imagery and the Canopy Response Salinity Index (CRSI). The CRSI uses ratios of near-infrared and infrared bands from Landsat imagery. Spill data for Bottineau County from 1975 to 2017 were collected from the North Dakota Department of Health for analysis of spill volume, number of spills, and timing …

Temporal Trends In The Standing Broad Jump Test Performance Of United States Children And Adolescents, Bridget Kate Pinoniemi

Theses and Dissertations

Muscular fitness is a very important indicator of health. Using a systematic review strategy, the aim of this study was to estimate the temporal trends in broad jump performance of United States youth. Broad jump data on apparently healthy United States youth (aged 10–17 years) were located through a systematic electronic database search and by pearling reference lists, topical systematic reviews and personal libraries. Sample-weighted temporal trends (expressed as percent and standardized trends) were estimated for separate age-sex groups using best-fitting regression models relating the year of testing to mean jump performance. Mean trends standardized to the year 1985 were …

Enhancement Of Retention Of Heavy Metals By Storm Water Structural Best Management Practices, Nicholas Reid Peterson

Theses and Dissertations

Batch and column experiments were performed on wide range of adsorbent materials for the adsorption of copper (II) ion from aqueous solution. The objective of this research was to determine a suitable material to be applied in urban stormwater control measures such as low impact developments that will increase the pollutant reduction efficiency of the structure, specifically increase heavy metal retention. Materials analyzed in this research are wood chips, tree leaves, rice husk, biochar, modified iron-coated sand and flocculated alum particles. Batch experiments determine the maximum adsorption capacity of each material under a range of metal and adsorbent dosages. Column …

An Exploration Of In-Person And Online Social Interaction: Examining The Effects Of Two Domains Of Social Behavior, Michael David Prazak

Theses and Dissertations

Social interaction is a core dimension of a fulfilling life. At present, the study of social interaction has focused largely on online social interaction due to the prevalence of this behavior in modern society, and the large impact of this manner of interaction on the psychological health of individuals. In terms of online behavior, both positive and negative effects may be experienced. Better understanding predictors and outcomes of online behavior would thus be a timely and valuable contribution to literature. The present study examined anxious and avoidant attachment style as predictors of social intimacy, levels of both in-person and online …