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2019

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Animal Cognition: Quantity Has A Quality Of Its Own, Ivaylo Borislavov Iotchev, Kauê Machado Costa Jan 2019

Animal Cognition: Quantity Has A Quality Of Its Own, Ivaylo Borislavov Iotchev, Kauê Machado Costa

Animal Sentience

Chapman & Huffman’s moral analysis fails to prove that the exploitation of animals or the environment is causally connected to beliefs about human capacities. Their exposition of the philosophical interpretations of animal cognition ignores historical context and confounds different levels of analysis. Their analysis of the scientific literature, from which they conclude that humans should not be considered as different from other animals, does not take into account many recent psychological and neuroscientific developments and rests upon a flawed understanding of the relationship between gradual and categorical differences, misrepresenting the two as mutually exclusive concepts.

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Corticocentric Bias In Cognitive Neuroscience, Orit Nafcha, Shai Gabay Jan 2019

Corticocentric Bias In Cognitive Neuroscience, Orit Nafcha, Shai Gabay

Animal Sentience

Chapman & Huffman (2018) note that our tendency to categorize leads to a sense of human superiority that helps justify violence against nonhuman animals. Yet animals are turning out to have capacities previously thought to be uniquely human. We add a further factor that may contribute to the false sense of human superiority: the "corticocentric" bias of neuroscience. An evolutionary approach may help identify species similarities and differences, providing a better understanding of the uniqueness of each species.

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Refining Thoughts About Human/Nonhuman Differences, Colin A. Chapman, Michael A. Huffman Jan 2019

Refining Thoughts About Human/Nonhuman Differences, Colin A. Chapman, Michael A. Huffman

Animal Sentience

Our commentators come from many fields and disciplines and express highly divergent views, illustrating broad interest in the question. From the breadth of comments, we have identified two recurring themes, which we focus on here. The first is a preponderance of cautionary remarks about evaluating the differences between humans and nonhuman animals. The second concerns whether considering animals as worthy of moral consideration is one of many useful tools for conservationists trying to prevent extinction, habitat destruction, and climate change.

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Why Cod Don't Like To Sunbathe: Quantity And Quality In The Animal Kingdom, Christoph Jung Jan 2019

Why Cod Don't Like To Sunbathe: Quantity And Quality In The Animal Kingdom, Christoph Jung

Animal Sentience

The difference between a cod and a lizard is not just a quantitative one. The recognition of qualitative differences between species does not imply a moral ranking. Our species’ special abilities to shape the earth mean we have a special responsibility for ensuring a liveable future for all organisms, human and non-human.

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Diversity On Human Difference: Unanimity On Human Responsibility, Colin A. Chapman, Michael A. Huffman Jan 2019

Diversity On Human Difference: Unanimity On Human Responsibility, Colin A. Chapman, Michael A. Huffman

Animal Sentience

Further commentaries on our original target article add important new points and expand our understanding of the differences between animals, particularly between non-human and human primates. But whether they affirm or deny that humans are unique, all commentators agree that our special abilities mean we should be taking responsibility for the care of nature and the plants and animals it supports. We ask: is humankind doing this?

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Workplace Gender Discrimination And Job Performance In Egypt: The Moderating Role Of Equity Sensitivity, Mohamad Saad Mohamad Jan 2019

Workplace Gender Discrimination And Job Performance In Egypt: The Moderating Role Of Equity Sensitivity, Mohamad Saad Mohamad

English Language and Literature

Workplace gender discrimination is a significant problem in Egypt. However, there is limited research on Workplace gender discrimination and its consequences. The current research tries to examine the relationships between workplace gender discrimination and task and contextual job performances. Moreover, the moderating effect of equity sensitivity on these relationships is also investigated. A convenience sample on 312 working women was drawn from different work settings in Cairo, Egypt. They responded to a three-part questionnaire that assesses workplace gender discrimination, equity sensitivity, and job performance. The results indicated that workplace gender discrimination was negatively associated with both of task and contextual …

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A Semiotic Reading Of The East Asian-Canadian Restaging Of The Immigrant Experience And Redress In Marty Chan’S The Forbidden Phoenix And David Yees’S Lady In The Red Dress, Rania M Rafik Khalil Jan 2019

A Semiotic Reading Of The East Asian-Canadian Restaging Of The Immigrant Experience And Redress In Marty Chan’S The Forbidden Phoenix And David Yees’S Lady In The Red Dress, Rania M Rafik Khalil

English Language and Literature

The astounding increase in immigration and the rise in intercultural relationships within Canadian society resulted in the last decade in the acceptability of a number of dramatic works by ethnic, immigrant and second generation Canadian playwrights. This paper examines through Ferdinand de Saussure and Charles Sanders Peirce’s theory of semiotics the East-Asian Canadian immigrant experience and the journey of redress in two dramatic works: Marty Chan’s The Forbidden Phoenix (2010) and David Yee’s lady in the red dress (2010). The Forbidden Phoenix and lady in the red dress, address issues related to exclusionary policies against early Chinese immigrants to Canada …

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Bibliometric Analysis Of The Top-100 Cited Articles On Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders To Guide Research Topic And Direction, Wei Liu, Liwei Ma, Xing Gao Jan 2019

Bibliometric Analysis Of The Top-100 Cited Articles On Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders To Guide Research Topic And Direction, Wei Liu, Liwei Ma, Xing Gao

Journal of Dental Sciences

Abstract Background/purpose Bibliometric analysis highlights the key topics and studies which have shaped the understanding and management of a concerned disease. Here the top-cited articles on oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) were characterized and analyzed. Materials and methods A comprehensive search was performed and identified in the Scopus database from 1941 to 10 March 2019 for the 100 most-cited articles on OPMD. Results The number of citations of the 100 selected articles varied from 131 to 1422, with a mean of 240.6 citations per article. Molecular markers/targets, chemoprevention, and early detection and diagnosis of oral cancer were the top-3 study …

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Observations Of Infragravity Dominance In The Swash Zone Of A Steep Gravel Beach, O Billson, P Russell, M Davidson, M Wiggins, Jak Mccarroll, T Poate, N Leonardi Jan 2019

Observations Of Infragravity Dominance In The Swash Zone Of A Steep Gravel Beach, O Billson, P Russell, M Davidson, M Wiggins, Jak Mccarroll, T Poate, N Leonardi

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Observations of the depth integrated and time averaged sediment transport on a mixed sand and gravel (MSG) beach are presented and analysed to examine the performance of a new portable streamer trap. Measurement of the longshore sediment transport rate in the surf zone remains one of the great challenges in coastal engineering and coastal sciences. Sediment traps for sand beaches have proven useful in the past, but are not suitable for MSG beaches. This paper describes a portable depth-integrated streamer trap designed to measure the depthintegrated combined bed load and suspended longshore sediment transport on MSG beaches. The device consists …

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Phototactic Tails: Evolution And Molecular Basis Of A Novel Sensory Trait In Sea Snakes, Jm Crowe‐Riddell, Bruno F. Simões, Julian C. Partridge, David M. Hunt, Steven Delean, Julian G. Schwerdt, James Breen, Alastair Ludington, David J. Gower, Kate L. Sanders Jan 2019

Phototactic Tails: Evolution And Molecular Basis Of A Novel Sensory Trait In Sea Snakes, Jm Crowe‐Riddell, Bruno F. Simões, Julian C. Partridge, David M. Hunt, Steven Delean, Julian G. Schwerdt, James Breen, Alastair Ludington, David J. Gower, Kate L. Sanders

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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A Personalized And Platform-Independent Behavior Control System For Social Robots In Therapy: Development And Applications, T Belpaeme Jan 2019

A Personalized And Platform-Independent Behavior Control System For Social Robots In Therapy: Development And Applications, T Belpaeme

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Social robots have been proven beneficial in different types of healthcare interventions. An ongoing trend is to develop (semi-)autonomous socially assistive robotic systems in healthcare context to improve the level of autonomy and reduce human workload. This paper presents a behavior control system for social robots in therapies with a focus on personalization and platform-independence. This system architecture provides the robot an ability to behave as a personable character, which behaviors are adapted to user profiles and responses during the human-robot interaction. Robot behaviors are designed at abstract levels and can be transferred to different social robot platforms. We adopt …

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Second Language Tutoring Using Social Robots: A Large-Scale Study, P Vogt, Den Berghe R Van, Haas M De, L Hoffman, J Kanero, E Mamus, J-M Montanier, C Oranc, O Oudgenoeg-Paz, Dh Garcia, F Papadopoulos, T Schodde, J Verhagen, Cd Wallbridgell, B Willemsen, Wit J De, T Belpaeme, T Goksun, S Kopp, E Krahmer, Ac Kuntay, P Leseman, Ak Pandey Jan 2019

Second Language Tutoring Using Social Robots: A Large-Scale Study, P Vogt, Den Berghe R Van, Haas M De, L Hoffman, J Kanero, E Mamus, J-M Montanier, C Oranc, O Oudgenoeg-Paz, Dh Garcia, F Papadopoulos, T Schodde, J Verhagen, Cd Wallbridgell, B Willemsen, Wit J De, T Belpaeme, T Goksun, S Kopp, E Krahmer, Ac Kuntay, P Leseman, Ak Pandey

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

We present a large-scale study of a series of seven lessons designed to help young children learn English vocabulary as a foreign language using a social robot. The experiment was designed to investigate 1) the effectiveness of a social robot teaching children new words over the course of multiple interactions (supported by a tablet), 2) the added benefit of a robot's iconic gestures on word learning and retention, and 3) the effect of learning from a robot tutor accompanied by a tablet versus learning from a tablet application alone. For reasons of transparency, the research questions, hypotheses and methods were …

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Impacts Of The Mycotoxin Zearalenone On Growth And Photosynthetic Responses In Laboratory Populations Of Freshwater Macrophytes (Lemna Minor) And Microalgae (Pseudokirchneriella Subcapitata)., Ej Eagles, R Benstead, S Macdonald, R Handy, Th Hutchinson Jan 2019

Impacts Of The Mycotoxin Zearalenone On Growth And Photosynthetic Responses In Laboratory Populations Of Freshwater Macrophytes (Lemna Minor) And Microalgae (Pseudokirchneriella Subcapitata)., Ej Eagles, R Benstead, S Macdonald, R Handy, Th Hutchinson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Mycotoxins are an important class of chemicals of emerging concern, recently detected in aquatic environments, potentially reflecting the influence of fungicide resistance and climatic factors on fungal diseases in agricultural crops. Zearalenone (ZON) is a mycotoxin formed by Fusarium spp. and is known for its biological activity in animal tissues; both in vitro and in vivo. ZON has been reported in US and Polish surface waters at 0.7 - 96 ng/L, with agricultural run-off and wastewater treatment plants being the likely sources of mycotoxins. As some mycotoxins can induce phytotoxicity, laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of ZON …

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Patchiness In Habitat Distribution Can Enhance Biological Diversity Of Coastal Engineering Structures, Eva Cacabelos, Richard C. Thompson, Afonso C.L. Prestes, José Manuel N. Azevedo, Ana I. Neto, Gustavo M. Martins Jan 2019

Patchiness In Habitat Distribution Can Enhance Biological Diversity Of Coastal Engineering Structures, Eva Cacabelos, Richard C. Thompson, Afonso C.L. Prestes, José Manuel N. Azevedo, Ana I. Neto, Gustavo M. Martins

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

© 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Urbanization of coastal habitats is increasing worldwide. However, most man-made structures are poor surrogates for the habitats they replace and can strongly impact the diversity and functioning of coastal habitats. The value of coastal engineering can be enhanced by the provision of microhabitats that facilitate colonization by marine life. One step forward is moved in this research by combining species coexistence theory, resource patchiness and applied ecology in order to find ways that maximize the biological diversity of coastal defence structures. Featureless areas of a seawall were modified by the addition of microhabitats …

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A Catchment-Scale Perspective Of Plastic Pollution, Fredric M. Windsor, Isabelle Durance, Alice A. Horton, Richard C. Thompson, Charles R. Tyler, Steve J. Ormerod Jan 2019

A Catchment-Scale Perspective Of Plastic Pollution, Fredric M. Windsor, Isabelle Durance, Alice A. Horton, Richard C. Thompson, Charles R. Tyler, Steve J. Ormerod

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Plastic pollution is distributed across the globe, but compared with marine environments, there is only rudimentary understanding of the distribution and effects of plastics in other ecosystems. Here, we review the transport and effects of plastics across terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments. We focus on hydrological catchments as well-defined landscape units that provide an integrating scale at which plastic pollution can be investigated and managed. Diverse processes are responsible for the observed ubiquity of plastic pollution, but sources, fluxes and sinks in river catchments are poorly quantified. Early indications are that rivers are hotspots of plastic pollution, supporting some of …

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Effects Of Historic And Projected Climate Change On The Range And Impacts Of An Emerging Wildlife Disease, Stephen J. Price, William T.M. Leung, Christopher J. Owen, Robert Puschendorf, Chris Sergeant, Andrew A. Cunningham, Francois Balloux, Trenton W.J. Garner, Richard A. Nichols Jan 2019

Effects Of Historic And Projected Climate Change On The Range And Impacts Of An Emerging Wildlife Disease, Stephen J. Price, William T.M. Leung, Christopher J. Owen, Robert Puschendorf, Chris Sergeant, Andrew A. Cunningham, Francois Balloux, Trenton W.J. Garner, Richard A. Nichols

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Validation Of A Cfd-Based Numerical Wave Tank Of The Wavestar Wec, C Windt, Jv Ringwood, J Davidson, Ej Ransley, M Jakobsen, M Kramer Jan 2019

Validation Of A Cfd-Based Numerical Wave Tank Of The Wavestar Wec, C Windt, Jv Ringwood, J Davidson, Ej Ransley, M Jakobsen, M Kramer

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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Experimental Study Of Wave Loads On A Small Vehicle In Close Proximity To A Large Vessel, Nan Xie, Gregorio Iglesias, M. Hann, R. Pemberton, D. Greaves Jan 2019

Experimental Study Of Wave Loads On A Small Vehicle In Close Proximity To A Large Vessel, Nan Xie, Gregorio Iglesias, M. Hann, R. Pemberton, D. Greaves

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Operations involving the launch or recovery of a smaller vessel from a larger one are extremely dangerous in high sea states and, therefore, they are normally carried out in low to moderate sea states. However, this can be severely restrictive and in some situations, carrying out such operations in high sea states is unavoidable. Here we report on a detailed investigation of the interaction between two vessels of different size in order to characterise their hydrodynamic interaction under different conditions and to provide insight for operational purposes. Model experiments were conducted to investigate the hydrodynamic interaction between two vessels in …

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Neurological Effects Of Glucocerebrosidase Gene Mutations, S. Mullin, D. Hughes, A. Mehta, A. H.V. Schapira Jan 2019

Neurological Effects Of Glucocerebrosidase Gene Mutations, S. Mullin, D. Hughes, A. Mehta, A. H.V. Schapira

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Mitochondria In Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fang Lin, Shou Qing Luo Jan 2019

Mitochondria In Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fang Lin, Shou Qing Luo

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Anthropogenic Noise Pollution Reverses Grouping Behaviour In Hermit Crabs, Svenja Tidau, Mark Briffa Jan 2019

Anthropogenic Noise Pollution Reverses Grouping Behaviour In Hermit Crabs, Svenja Tidau, Mark Briffa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Spatiotemporal Variability In The Structure Of Seagrass Meadows And Associated Macrofaunal Assemblages In Southwest England (Uk): Using Citizen Science To Benchmark Ecological Pattern, Dan A. Smale, Graham Epstein, Mark Parry, Martin J. Attrill Jan 2019

Spatiotemporal Variability In The Structure Of Seagrass Meadows And Associated Macrofaunal Assemblages In Southwest England (Uk): Using Citizen Science To Benchmark Ecological Pattern, Dan A. Smale, Graham Epstein, Mark Parry, Martin J. Attrill

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Predictors And Trajectory Of Performance Status In Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Secondary Data Analysis Of The International European Palliative Care Cancer Symptom Study, Jw Boland, Victoria Allgar, Eg Boland, Stein Kaasa, Marianne J. Hjermstad, Miriam J. Johnson Jan 2019

Predictors And Trajectory Of Performance Status In Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Secondary Data Analysis Of The International European Palliative Care Cancer Symptom Study, Jw Boland, Victoria Allgar, Eg Boland, Stein Kaasa, Marianne J. Hjermstad, Miriam J. Johnson

Peninsula Medical School

Background: Performance status, a predictor of cancer survival, and ability to maintain independent living deteriorate in advanced disease. Understanding predictors of performance status trajectory could help identify those at risk of functional deterioration, target support for independent living and reduce service costs. The relationship between symptoms, analgesics and performance status is poorly delineated. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine whether demographics, analgesics, disease characteristics, quality-of-life domains and C-reactive protein predict the trajectory of Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) in patients with advanced cancer. Design: The study design is the secondary data analysis of the international prospective, longitudinal European …

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Going To Extremes: The Goldilocks/Lagom Principle And Data Distribution, Henry J. Leese, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Victoria Allgar, Daniel R. Brison, Roger Sturmey Jan 2019

Going To Extremes: The Goldilocks/Lagom Principle And Data Distribution, Henry J. Leese, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Victoria Allgar, Daniel R. Brison, Roger Sturmey

Peninsula Medical School

Numerical data in biology and medicine are commonly presented as mean or median with error or confidence limits, to the exclusion of individual values. Analysis of our own and others’ data indicates that this practice risks excluding ‘Goldilocks’ effects in which a biological variable falls within a range between ‘too much’ and ‘too little’ with a region between where its function is ‘just right’; a concept captured by the Swedish term ‘Lagom’. This was confirmed by a narrative search of the literature using the PubMed database, which revealed numerous relationships of biological and clinical phenomena of the Goldilocks/Lagom form including …

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Migratory Ecology And Wing Morphology Of North Dakota Bats, Kevin Michael Cortes Jan 2019

Migratory Ecology And Wing Morphology Of North Dakota Bats, Kevin Michael Cortes

Environmental and Conservation Sciences

Understanding links between a species’ migratory behavior, wing morphology, and foraging strategy can provide insight into factors driving the evolution of behavioral and ecological responses. The first chapter of this thesis examines the use of a river corridor as a migratory guide for bats. Results indicated no seasonal movement along the Missouri River corridor, indicating that the river was not being used as a key feature for migration. These results align with other recent studies. The second chapter examined the impacts of foraging habitat on wing morphology in two bat species. Expected differences between species were found in the wing …

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The Effect Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles On Plants, And On Host-Pathogen Interactions, Priyanka Deka Jan 2019

The Effect Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles On Plants, And On Host-Pathogen Interactions, Priyanka Deka

Environmental and Conservation Sciences

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are a type of engineered nanomaterial that is currently being explored for use in different aspects of agriculture. So far, research on this area is limited to evaluating the phenotypical responses of plants to a high concentration of the NPs which is realistically not feasible in the actual environment. This research aims to investigate the molecular-level interactions between ZnO NPs and plants, together with another significant component of the environment, a fungal plant pathogen. Prior to studying these molecular-level interactions, the uptake of ZnO NPs in planta was validated using a fluorescent zinc ion sensor, …

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From Ocean Sprawl To Blue-Green Infrastructure – A Uk Perspective On An Issue Of Global Significance, Ally J. Evans, Louise B. Firth, Stephen J. Hawkins, Alice E. Hall, Joseph E. Ironside, Richard C. Thompson, Pippa J. Moore Jan 2019

From Ocean Sprawl To Blue-Green Infrastructure – A Uk Perspective On An Issue Of Global Significance, Ally J. Evans, Louise B. Firth, Stephen J. Hawkins, Alice E. Hall, Joseph E. Ironside, Richard C. Thompson, Pippa J. Moore

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Artificial structures are proliferating in the marine environment, resulting in ‘ocean sprawl’. In light of the potential environmental impacts of this, such as habitat loss and alteration, it is becoming increasingly important to incorporate ecologically-sensitive design into artificial marine structures. The principles of eco-engineering and green infrastructure are embedded in urban planning practice for terrestrial and freshwater development projects. In marine planning, however, eco-engineering of blue-green infrastructure remains an emerging concept. This note provides a UK perspective on the progress towards uptake of eco-engineering approaches for enhancing biodiversity on artificial marine structures. We emphasise that, despite a clear ‘policy pull’ …

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Changes In The Biochemical And Nutrient Composition Of Seafood Due To Ocean Acidification And Warming, A. J. Lemasson, J. M. Hall-Spencer, V. Kuri, A. M. Knights Jan 2019

Changes In The Biochemical And Nutrient Composition Of Seafood Due To Ocean Acidification And Warming, A. J. Lemasson, J. M. Hall-Spencer, V. Kuri, A. M. Knights

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Ocean acidification and warming may threaten future seafood production, safety and quality by negatively impacting the fitness of marine species. Identifying changes in nutritional quality, as well as species most at risk, is crucial if societies are to secure food production. Here, changes in the biochemical composition and nutritional properties of the commercially valuable oysters, Magallana gigas and Ostrea edulis, were evaluated following a 12-week exposure to six ocean acidification and warming scenarios that were designed to reflect the temperature (+3 °C above ambient) and atmospheric pCO 2 conditions (increase of 350–600 ppm) predicted for the mid-to end-of-century. Results suggest …

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Actionable Patient Safety Solutions (Apss) #6: Hand-Off Communications, Steven Barker, Nick Adams, Misti B. Baskett, Victoria Baskett, Michael Becker, Michel Bennett, Laressa Bethishou, Mike Ramsay, Jeff Dunn, Hisham El-Bayar, William Floyd, Frank Gencorelli, Christina Hazekamp, Kristy Blomquist, Edwin Loftin, Ariana Longley, Jacob Lopez, David Lubarsky, Pete Melrose, Brent Nibarger, Karen Rehling, Patricia Roth, Kris Stegner, Laura Townsend Jan 2019

Actionable Patient Safety Solutions (Apss) #6: Hand-Off Communications, Steven Barker, Nick Adams, Misti B. Baskett, Victoria Baskett, Michael Becker, Michel Bennett, Laressa Bethishou, Mike Ramsay, Jeff Dunn, Hisham El-Bayar, William Floyd, Frank Gencorelli, Christina Hazekamp, Kristy Blomquist, Edwin Loftin, Ariana Longley, Jacob Lopez, David Lubarsky, Pete Melrose, Brent Nibarger, Karen Rehling, Patricia Roth, Kris Stegner, Laura Townsend

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Hand-off communications, or hand-off processes, involve the transition of care as well as the transfer of patient-specific information by one healthcare professional to another with the purpose of providing a patient with safe, continuous care. A successful hand-off can only be achieved by effective communication.

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Actionable Patient Safety Solutions (Apss) #3a: Medication Errors, Ron Jordan, Jerika Lam, Peter Antevy, Steven Barker, Linda Beneze, Michel Bennett, Laressa Bethishou, Jim Broselow, John Burnam, Mitchell Goldenstein, Kari Hamlin, Helen Haskell, Christopher Jerry, Edwin Loftin, Ariana Longley, Jacob Lopez, Anne Lyren, Brendan Miney, Sidney Morice, Steve Mullenix, Robert Nickell, Rochelle Sandell, David Shane Lowry, Robin Shannon, Deeba Siddiqui, Charles Simmons, Nat Sims, Robert Stein, Laura Townsend, Jason Yamaki, Sun Yang Jan 2019

Actionable Patient Safety Solutions (Apss) #3a: Medication Errors, Ron Jordan, Jerika Lam, Peter Antevy, Steven Barker, Linda Beneze, Michel Bennett, Laressa Bethishou, Jim Broselow, John Burnam, Mitchell Goldenstein, Kari Hamlin, Helen Haskell, Christopher Jerry, Edwin Loftin, Ariana Longley, Jacob Lopez, Anne Lyren, Brendan Miney, Sidney Morice, Steve Mullenix, Robert Nickell, Rochelle Sandell, David Shane Lowry, Robin Shannon, Deeba Siddiqui, Charles Simmons, Nat Sims, Robert Stein, Laura Townsend, Jason Yamaki, Sun Yang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

A medication error is a preventable event in any healthcare setting that may lead to inappropriate medication use while in the control of the healthcare professional or patient, ultimately leading to patient harm and/or death. Medication errors can be classified into five categories: 1) wrong drug, 2) wrong dose, 3) wrong route, 4) wrong frequency and/or 5) wrong patient.

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