Digital Commons Network^™

Status Of Animal Feed Resources In Rwanda, M. Mutimura, A. B. Lussa, J. Mutabazi, C. B. Myambi, R. A. Cyamweshi, C. Ebong

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Animal feed resources remain a major constraint for livestock development in tropical Africa. In Rwanda, grazing lands are shrinking sharply because crop cultivation is progressively encroaching on grazing areas with increasing human pressure (Mutimura and Everson 2011). Therefore, over 60% of households cultivating less than 0.7 ha, and owning livestock, practise zero-grazing, where farmers cut-and-carry forage and crop residues to feed animals that are kept exclusively under sheds (MINAGRI 2009). In general, the main feed for dairy cattle under a zero-grazing system is Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum). For more than a decade, efforts to improve the feed resource …

Effect Of Cutting Interval On Yield And Quality Of Two Panicum Maximum Cultivars In Thailand, Michael D. Hare, Supaphan Phengphet, Theerachai Songsiri, Naddakorn Sutin, Eduardo Stern

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Tanzania guinea grass [Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania (cv. Purple in Thailand)] has been grown in Thailand for over 20 years and has proven to be a high quality forage (Phaikaew et al. 2007). Mombasa guinea grass (Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa) was introduced to Thailand in 2007 and commercial seed production commenced in 2008 because of a demand for seed in central and South America (Hare et al. 2013). It is a larger and taller cultivar than Tanzania. A series of studies have been undertaken at Ubon Ratchathani University, Thailand, to study the agronomic differences between these …

Effect Of Cutting Interval On Yield And Quality Of Three Brachiaria Hybrids In Thailand, Michael D. Hare, Supaphan Phengphet, Theerachai Songsiri, Naddakorn Sutin, Eduardo Stern

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In field trials in Thailand, Brachiaria hybrid cv. Mulato II produced significantly more green leaf, particularly during the dry season, than other brachiaria grasses (Hare et al. 2009). Cultivar Cayman produced more dry matter (DM) than Mulato II in one out of 3 wet seasons, and line BRO2/1794 produced similar DM yields to Mulato II (Pi-zarro et al. 2013).

The objective of this field study was to determine the effects of varying cutting intervals on growth and forage quality of hybrid brachiaria grasses in Thailand on infertile soils.

Brachiaria Hybrids: Potential, Forage Use And Seed Yield, Esteban A. Pizarro, Michael D. Hare, Mpenzi Mutimura, Changjun Bai

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A brachiaria breeding program initiated in 1988 at CIAT (Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical) combined desirable attributes found in accessions of Brachiaria brizantha and B. decumbens. Three apomictic hybrids have been released (cvs. Mulato, Mulato II and Cayman). Mulato showed agronomic potential but seed yields were low. Trials in Central America demonstrated the superiority of Mulato II, a vigorous grass with very deep and branched roots, giving it excellent drought resistance in the Brazilian Cerrado and Mexico. Mulato II has excellent nutritional value. Following trials in Mexico and Thailand, evaluating 155 new hybrids for 7 years, cv. Cayman was …

Molecular Genetic Variability, Population Structure And Mating System In Tropical Forages, Melissa Garcia, Bianca B. Z. Vigna, Adna C. B. Sousa, Letícia Jungmann, Fernanda W. Cidade, Guilherme Toledo-Silva, Patricia M. Francisco, Lucimara Chiari, Marcelo A. Carvalho, Claudio T. Karia, Fabio G. Faleiro, Rodolfo Godoy, M. Dall’Agnol, Sueli S. Pagliarini, Francisco H. D. Souza, Tatiana T. Souza-Chies, Liana Jank, Rosangela M. S. Resende, Cacilda B. Valle, Maria I. Zucchi, Anete P. Souza

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Microsatellite (SSR) markers were developed for the following tropical forage species, using accessions available from the plant genetic resources (PGR) collections held by EMBRAPA (Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation): Brachiaria brizantha, B. humidicola, Panicum maximum, Paspalum spp., Stylosanthes capitata, S. guianensis, S. macrocephala, Calopogonium mucunoides and Centrosema spp. The markers were used to analyse population structure and genetic diversity, evolution and origin of the genetic variability in the centre of origin, mating systems and genetic resources in EMBRAPA’s germplasm bank. The results shed light on the amount of genetic variation within and between populations, revealed …

Leucaena Toxicity: A New Perspective On The Most Widely Used Forage Tree Legume, Michael J. Halliday, Jagadish Padmanabha, Chris S. Mcsweeney, Graham L. Kerven, H. Max Shelton

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The tree legume Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) is a high quality ruminant feed, vitally important for livestock production in the tropics despite the presence of mimosine in the leaves. This toxic non-protein amino acid has the potential to limit productivity and adversely affect the health of animals. The discovery and subsequent distribution in Australia of the ruminal bacterium Synergistes jonesii as an oral inoculum was shown in the 1980s to overcome these toxic effects. However, recent surveys of the status of toxicity worldwide; improved understanding of the chemistry and mode of action of the toxins; new techniques for molecular sequencing; and …

A Phenomenological Study Into How Early Childhood Educators Experience Gamification As An Employee Motivational Tool, Marlene C. Cooper

CUP Ed.D. Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore how early childhood educators (ECE) experience gamification as a motivational tool. The study was grounded in self-efficacy theory and used the transcendental phenomenological methodology to uncover the lived experiences of the participants. The researcher used questionnaires, journals, and interviews to gather data from respondents. The interview utilized open-ended questions to provide respondents the opportunity to give a detailed account of their shared experiences while operating the gamified technology used in their program. Data was collected from 8 ECE teachers working at a private preschool in a mid-Atlantic state. Participant accounts described a …

Commencement Program 2019 December, Gcsu Special Collections

Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

Review: Sustaining The Commons (Arizona State University), Chelsie Romulo

Open Textbooks & Reviews

Review of the textbook Sustaining the Commons originally published on Open Textbook Library (https://open.umn.edu/opentextbooks/textbooks/sustaining-the-commons).

Direct Observation Of Atomic Exchange During Surface Self-Diffusion, Matthew Aaron Koppa

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The diffusion of adatoms across the (100) plane of iridium has been previously inferred to occur by an exchange mechanism based on site mapping. This study provides the first direct observation that surface self-diffusion can occur by exchange. Iridium enriched to ≥93% ¹⁹¹Ir was deposited onto an atomically clean and smooth Ir(100) plane as observed in an atom probe field ion microscope. Following thermally activated surface self-diffusion the adatom was field desorbed and mass analyzed. Observation of the ¹⁹³Ir isotope in one-half of the cases demonstrates conclusively that atomic exchange can occur during surface self-diffusion.

A Study To Determine Barriers That Impact Adult Learner Academic Success, Joann Saunders

CUP Ed.D. Dissertations

Adult learners often encounter obstacles that impede their academic progress and either withdraw from a course or drop out of college. There has been significant research conducted on effectively instructing and motivating adult learners. However, not enough research has been conducted to help adult learners sustain their motivation when barriers arise impacting their academic success. The goal of this study was to identify barriers that impact adult learners’ academic success. The study examined the viewpoints of undergraduate adult learners at an American higher education institution to determine situational, institutional and dispositional barriers encountered impacting their academic success. The research theoretical …

How Teachers Perceive Students’ Socioeconomic Background And Academic Performance In Charter Schools, Brittany Strickland

CUP Ed.D. Dissertations

Teachers represent the frontline of education and many of them find themselves working daily with impoverished students. Teachers’ qualitative perceptions are useful for developing solutions to the problem of educating diverse students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds in charter schools. The purpose of this study was to understand teachers’ perceptions of a charter school environment and the association between low socioeconomic status (SES) students and their academic performance. A qualitative design and a case study methodology were used with two charter schools, including 45 participating teachers. Results from questionnaires and interviews ensured a sufficient understanding of the phenomenon. The collected information …

Illinois State University, One Hundred And Sixtieth Annual Commencement, December 14, 2019, Illinois State University

Commencement Programs

Illinois State University
One Hundred and Sixtieth Annual Commencement
December 14, 2019

Influence Of Biosolids Upon The Uptake Of Mn And Cd By Radish (Raphanus Sativus L.), Oluwadamilola O. Fateru

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The influence of biosolids upon the uptake of Mn and Cd by radish (Raphanus sativus L.) was investigated through the characterization of biosolids, sequential extraction of the biosolids, and the determination of the metal content in the root, shoot and leaves of radish (Raphanus sativus L.).The biosolid samples from Nacogdoches Wastewater Sludge (NWWS), Lufkin Wastewater Sludge (LWWS), Soil Therapy Compost (STC) had pHs between 5.33 – 6.74. The elemental compositions of the biosolid samples were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and SEM/EDX. Major elements (K, Mg, Mn, P) needed for plant growth …

Monitoring The Growth Dynamics Of Colloidal Gold-Silver Core-Shell Nanoparticles Using In Situ Second Harmonic Generation And Extinction Spectroscopy, Jeewan C. Ranasinghe, Asela S. Dikkumbura, Prakash Hamal, Min Chen, Rami A. Khoury, Holden T. Smith, Kenneth Lopata, Louis H. Haber

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Author(s). The growth dynamics of gold-silver core-shell (Au@Ag) nanoparticles are studied using in situ time-dependent second harmonic generation (SHG) and extinction spectroscopy to investigate the nanoparticle shell formation. The silver shell is grown by reduction of silver cations onto a 14 nm gold core using ascorbic acid in colloidal aqueous solution under varying reaction concentrations producing Au@Ag nanoparticles of final sizes ranging from 51 to 78 nm in diameter. The in situ extinction spectra show a rapid increase in intensity on the timescale of 5-6 s with blue shifting and narrowing of the plasmonic peak during the silver …

A Pedagogic Analysis Of Linear Algebra Courses, Andrew Taylor

Mathematics & Statistics ETDs

This project is concerned with investigating the question, "Do our applied linear algebra courses (at the University of New Mexico) adequately prepare STEM students for future work in their respective fields?" In order to explore this, surveys were issued to three groups (sections) of students (among two different instructors) at the conclusion of their applied linear algebra course, as well as STEM professors/instructors from a variety of STEM fields. Students were surveyed regarding their perceived mastery of given topics/ideas from the course and professors/instructors were surveyed about the level of mastery they felt was necessary (referred to as ``desired mastery") …

2019 Fall Commencement, Harding University

Commencement Programs

Program for the Harding University Commencement on December 14.

Commencement Speaker: Andy Goodman

University Of Montana Commencement Program, Fall 2019, University Of Montana--Missoula. Office Of The Registrar

University of Montana Commencement Programs, 1898-2020

Commencement program from the University of Montana.

Integrated Design Approach For Coronary Stents Using Flexinol Shape Memory Alloy, Matthew Lucci

Mechanical Engineering Theses

This research seeks to develop and verify a model for control of the shape memory alloy (SMA) Flexinol and apply such findings to practical application of the material as a platform for bare metal stenting technologies. Utilizing experimental data and material properties, a mathematical model of the thermoelectric contraction behavior of Flexinol wire samples was developed. This model accounted for variable resistance due to the shape memory effect of the Flexinol wire as it experiences a crystalline phase change. It also accounted for the change in the cross-sectional area of the wire as the wire experienced thermal expansion and contraction. …

The Biomedical Application Of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy, Jessica Devenport

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Metaphors We Think By, Aldis H. Petriceks

Journal of Wellness

N/A

Understanding The Role Of Idh Mutation In Chondrosarcoma, Luyuan Li

Open Access Dissertations

Chondrosarcomas constitute a heterogeneous group of malignant bone tumors that produce hyaline cartilaginous matrix. Chondrosarcomas are generally resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, leaving surgery as the only curative treatment option for most localized tumors. In the absence of effective systemic therapy, metastatic disease is nearly uniformly fatal. Therefore, better therapy for patients with unresectable or metastatic disease is urgently needed. Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1/2) enzymes were recently described in several malignancies including conventional and dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas. These mutations represent a novel genetic abnormality in chondrosarcoma, indicating a potential role for aberrant IDH function in the pathogenesis of …

A Role For The Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Alpha In Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 (Mhv68) Lytic Replication And Reactivation From Latency, Darlah Michelle López-Rodríguez

Open Access Dissertations

The hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) protein and the hypoxic microenvironment are critical for infection and pathogenesis by the oncogenic gammaherpesviruses (γHV) such as Kaposi' Sarcoma-associated Herpes Virus (KSHV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). However, understanding the role of HIF1α during the virus life cycle and its biological relevance in the context of host pathogenesis has been challenging due to the lack of animal models for human γ HV. To study the role of HIF1α we employed the murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68), a rodent pathogen that readily infects laboratory mice. We show that MHV68 infection induces HIF1α protein and HIF1α-responsive …

Contrasts In Oxygen Variability Of Se Pacific Oxygen Deficient Zone And Subtropical Gyre, Molly M. Martin

Open Access Theses

Two decades of observations in the eastern South Pacific show changes in oxygen concentrations and apparent oxygen utilizations (AOUs) in the lower thermocline 26.5-27.0 sigma-theta. The 2013 GEOTRACES O2 and AOU data along ~12°S from the oxygen deficient zone (ODZ; O2 < 50 umol/kg) are compared with repeat hydrography data from the 1990s to the 2010s; the recent data add detail and process information to earlier work. In 2013, transient tracer ratio ages suggest renewal times of over two decades at the core of the ODZ as compared with being at least 7 years younger at the same densities in the subtropical gyre. Related to the age differences in the two regions, we observe oxygen parameters changing in different directions over the two decades, also different processes and forcing dominate. Similar to earlier studies, we found subtropical gyre oxygen concentrations increase and AOUs decrease due to increases in ventilation between 1990s and 2013, coupled to changes in southern hemisphere westerlies. In the core of the ODZ, oxygen concentrations decrease at an annual rate of 0.2 umol/kg/yr, AOUs increase between 1990s and 2013, and the 5 umol/kg contour reaches ~300 m deeper in the water column. ODZ changes are estimated to be due to increased biological consumption, consistent with increased upwelling corresponding to increased trade winds during that period. Thus, the difference in oxygen between the 1990s and 2013 is due to - proximity of the ODZ to coastal upwelling and longer ventilation time scales in the ODZ than gyre. In the gyre, water masses are closer to their sources and ages are younger. Whereas, the ODZ is more isolated from water mass source regions, and it takes more than two decades for the ventilated gyre waters to reach the ODZ. We have shown that in the South Pacific changes in oxygen parameters in the ODZ and subtropical gyre – to date – appear to be due to independent processes and forcing acting in each region. Continuing ocean observations are needed to monitor changes in gases such as oxygen that are critical to life.

School Of Education Hooding Ceremony & Reception Program, December 2019, Lindenwood University

College of Education: Hooding Ceremony

School of Education Hooding Ceremony & Reception Program, December 2019.

Exclusive Enteral Nutrition And Corticosteroids: Two Effective Methods Of Induction Treatment In Crohn’S Disease, Sarah E H Hutchison, Rachel L. Stottlar

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of corticosteroids (CS) versus exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN), as induction therapy of Crohn’s disease to induce remission. Design: Systematic literature review. Methods: Searches were done in PubMed utilizing the terms: enteral nutrition therapy, exclusive enteral nutrition, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease, corticosteroids, pediatric, nutrition, and steroids. Articles were excluded with patients > 18 years of age, confounding variables, inclusion of other treatment options, or physician discretion bias in selecting a treatment option. Results: Ultimately, three articles were included in our review. Two of three studies examined showed a statistically significant improvement in remission rates in …

The Use Of Probiotics To Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia In Adults, Michael Roper, Paige Douthett

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of preventing the acquisition of ventilator- associated pneumonia with the use of probiotic supplementation, as compared to a placebo, among hospitalized adult men and women receiving more than 24 hours of mechanical ventilation. Design: Systematic Literature Review. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted through PubMed and Scopus using the search terms “ventilator”, “probiotics”, and “prevention”. Records were excluded from the analysis if they were published before 2015, full text was not available, studies other than randomized control trial or cohort studies, and if the study population was less than 18 years old. Results: Of …

Green And Animal Manure Use In Organic Field Crop Systems, Patrick M. Carr, Michel A. Cavigelli, Heather Darby, Kathleen Delate, Jed O. Eberly, Heather K. Fryer, Greta G. Gramig, Joseph R. Heckman, Ellen B. Mallory, Jennifer R. Reeve, Erin M. Silva, David H. Suchoff, Alex L. Woodley

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

Dual‐use cover/green manure (CGM) crops and animal manure are used to supply nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to organically grown field crops. A comprehensive review of previous research was conducted to identify how CGM crops and animal manure have been used to meet N and P needs of organic field crops, and to identify knowledge gaps to direct future research efforts. Results indicate that: (a) CGM crops are used to provide N to subsequent cash crops in rotations; (b) CGM‐supplied N generally can meet field crop needs in warm, humid regions but is insufficient for organic grain crops grown in …

Perceived Helicopter Parenting And Self-Determination Theory In Emerging Adulthood, Emily Hivick

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Self-determination theory encompasses three different elements, competence, autonomy and social belongingness (Deci & Ryan, 2000). Helicopter parenting is defined as extreme involvement in a child’s life to the point of making decisions for them while also being associated with high levels of parental support and high feelings of parental-child closeness (Padilla-Walker & Nelson, 2012). Research has shown that helicopter parenting has been associated with psychological and behavioral problems in young adults, (Odenweller, Booth-Butterfield, & Weber, 2014). The current study investigated the association between perceived helicopter parenting and self-determination theory components along with intrinsic motivation and academic and extracurricular engagement in …

Do Faces Facilitate Or Distract Children From Attending To Threats?, Sarah A. Skidmore

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Threatening stimuli may produce an attentional bias in humans, capturing and holding attention to a greater extent than other types of stimuli. Humans rely on others to alert their attention to threats in their environment, and social stimuli, such as faces, have privileged processing compared to nonsocial stimuli. We wanted to explore whether task-irrelevant fearful or neutral faces facilitate, distract, or have no effect on the detection of threatening or neutral images (spiders and frogs, respectively). Three- to-five-year-old children (N=37) completed a visual search task in which they searched for threatening or neutral animals. Consistent with previous literature, we found …