Digital Commons Network^™

Judicial Pragmatism: Strengths And Weaknesses In Common Law Adjudication, Legislative Interpretation, And Constitutional Interpretation, 52 Uic J. Marshall L. Rev. 369 (2019), Doori Song

UIC Law Review

Judicial pragmatism is a judicial methodology known for its future-looking mode of analysis, empirically-based decision making, and openness to judicial activism. In terms of strengths, judicial pragmatism helps to (1) maximize wealth and efficiency, (2) resolve truly novel cases, and (3) account for legislative shortcomings. In terms of weaknesses, judicial pragmatism poses the risks of (1) judicial tyranny, (2) overdependence on the social sciences, and (3) marginalization of important moral values. Although judicial pragmatism has generally been accepted as a helpful analytical approach, questions still remain over the extent to which it is helpful to judges in common law adjudication, …

Move It Or Lose It: Interspecific Variation In Risk Response Of Pond-Breeding Anurans, Philip Matich, Christopher M. Schalk

Faculty Publications

Changes in behavior are often the proximate response of animals to human disturbance, with variability in tolerance levels leading some species to exhibit striking shifts in life history, fitness, and/or survival. Thus, elucidating the effects of disturbance on animal behavior, and how this varies among taxonomically similar species with inherently different behaviors and life histories is of value for management and conservation. We evaluated the risk response of three anuran species—southern leopard frog (Lithobates sphenocephalus), Blanchard’s cricket frog (Acris blanchardi), and green tree frog (Hyla cinerea)—to determine how differences in microhabitat use (arboreal vs …

Correlates Of Snake Entanglement In Erosion Control Blankets, Sarah E. Ebert, Kasey L. Jobe, Christopher M. Schalk, Daniel Saenz, Cory K. Adams, Christopher E. Comer

Faculty Publications

In road construction projects across the United States, erosion control methods (e.g., erosion control blankets [ECBs]), are mandated to stimulate seedbed regeneration and prevent soil loss. Previous reports have suggested that snakes are vulnerable to entanglement in ECBs. We conducted a literature review, field surveys, and an entanglement experiment to examine what factors increase a snake’s risk of ECB entanglement. Our literature review produced reports of 175 reptiles entangled in mesh products, 89.1% of which were snakes, with 43.6% of snake entanglements occurring in erosion control products. During our field surveys, we found 10 entangled snakes (n = 2 alive; …

Variation In Carbon Concentrations And Allocations Among Larix Olgensis Populations Growing In Three Field Environments, Jiang Ying, Yuhi Weng, Brian P. Oswald, Hanguo Zhang

Faculty Publications

Key message Variation in carbon concentration among Larix olgensis A. Henry provenances and tree tissues was significant, suggesting importance of such variation to carbon stock calculation. Provenance variation in carbon allocation was only significant in allocations to some tissues, including stem wood, and was strongly site-specific. Some allocation patterns correlated significantly with provenance growth and were related to geographic/climatic variables at the provenance origins.

Context Understanding variation in carbon concentrations and allocations to tree tissues among genetic entries is important for assessing carbon sequestration and understanding differential growth rates among the entries. However, this topic is poorly understood, in particular …

A New Site Index Model For Intensively Managed Loblolly Pine (Pinus Taeda) Plantations In The West Gulf Coastal Plain, Kynda R. Trim, Dean W. Coble, Yuhi Weng, Jeremy P. Stovall, I-Kuai Hung

Faculty Publications

Site index (SI) estimation for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations is important for the successful management of this important commercial tree species in the West Gulf Coastal Plain of the United States. This study evaluated various SI models for intensively managed loblolly plantations in the West Gulf Coastal Plain using data collected from permanent plots installed in intensively managed loblolly pine plantations across east Texas and western Louisiana. Six commonly used SI models (Cieszewski GADA model, both Chapman-Richards ADA and GADA models, both Schumacher ADA and GADA models, and McDill-Amateis GADA model) were fit to the data and compared. …

The Value Of Universally Available Raw Nmr Data For Transparency, Reproducibility, And Integrity In Natural Product Research., James B. Mcalpine, Shao-Nong Chen, Andrei Kutateladze, John B. Macmillan, Giovanni Appendino, Andersson Barison, Mehdi A. Beniddir, Maique W. Biavatti, Stefan Bluml, Asmaa Boufridi, Mark S. Butler, Robert J. Capon, Young H. Choi, David Coppage, Phillip Crews, Michael T. Crimmins, Marie Csete, Pradeep Dewapriya, Joseph M. Egan, Mary J. Garson, Grégory Genta-Jouve, William H Gerwick, Harald Gross, Mary Kay Harper, Precilia Hermanto, James M. Hook, Luke Hunter, Damien Jeannerat, Nai-Yun Ji, Tyler A. Johnson, David G. I. Kingston, Hiroyuki Koshino, Hsiau-Wei Lee, Guy Lewin, Jie Li, Roger G Linington, Miaomiao Liu, Kerry L Mcphail, Tadeusz F Molinski, Bradley S Moore, Joo-Won Nam, Ram P Neupane, Matthias Niemitz, Jean-Marc Nuzillard, Nicholas H Oberlies, Fernanda M M Ocampos, Guohui Pan, Ronald J Quinn, D Sai Reddy, Jean-Hugues Renault, José Rivera-Chávez, Wolfgang Robien, Carla M Saunders, Thomas J Schmidt, Christoph Seger, Ben Shen, Christoph Steinbeck, Hermann Stuppner, Sonja Sturm, Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati, Dean J Tantillo, Robert Verpoorte, Bin-Gui Wang, Craig M Williams, Philip G Williams, Julien Wist, Jian-Min Yue, Chen Zhang, Zhengren Xu, Charlotte Simmler, David C Lankin, Jonathan Bisson, Guido F Pauli

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Faculty Scholarship

With contributions from the global natural product (NP) research community, and continuing the Raw Data Initiative, this review collects a comprehensive demonstration of the immense scientific value of disseminating raw nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data, independently of, and in parallel with, classical publishing outlets. A comprehensive compilation of historic to present-day cases as well as contemporary and future applications show that addressing the urgent need for a repository of publicly accessible raw NMR data has the potential to transform natural products (NPs) and associated fields of chemical and biomedical research. The call for advancing open sharing mechanisms for raw data …

Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma Cells Are Vulnerable To Low Intensity Electric Fields Delivered By Intratumoral Modulation Therapy, Andrew Deweyert, Erin Iredale, Hu Xu, Eugene Wong, Susanne Schmid, Matthew O. Hebb

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Introduction

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a high fatality pediatric brain cancer without effective treatment. The field of electrotherapeutics offers new potential for other forms of glioma but the efficacy of this strategy has not been reported for DIPG. This pilot study evaluated the susceptibility of patient-derived DIPG cells to low intensity electric fields delivered using a developing technology called intratumoral modulation therapy (IMT).

Methods

DIPG cells from autopsy specimens were treated with a custom-designed, in vitro IMT system. Computer-generated electric field simulation was performed to quantify IMT amplitude and distribution using continuous, low intensity, intermediate frequency stimulation parameters. …

Double Deletion Of Panx1 And Panx3 Affects Skin And Bone But Not Hearing, J M. Abitbol, B L. O'Donnell, C B. Wakefield, E Jewlal, J J. Kelly, K Barr, K E. Willmore, B. L. Allman, S Penuela

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Pannexins (Panxs), large-pore channel forming glycoproteins, are expressed in a wide variety of tissues including the skin, bone, and cochlea. To date, the use of single knock-out mouse models of both Panx1 and Panx3 have demonstrated their roles in skin development, bone formation, and auditory phenotypes. Due to sequence homology between Panx1 and Panx3, when one Panx is ablated from germline, the other may be upregulated in a compensatory mechanism to maintain tissue homeostasis and function. To evaluate the roles of Panx1 and Panx3 in the skin, bone, and cochlea, we created the first Panx1/Panx3 double knock-out mouse model (dKO). …

Forebrain Cholinergic Signaling Regulates Innate Immune Responses And Inflammation, Ashbeel Roy, Vania F. Prado, Marco A.M Prado, Robert Gros, Kurt R. Lehner, Harold A. Silvernman, Meghan E. Addorissio, Mohammed A. Al-Onaizi, Yaakov Levine, Peder S. Olofsson, Sangeeta S. Chavan, Neil M. Nathanson, Yousef Al-Abed, Christine N. Metz, Kevin J. Tracey, Valentin A. Pavlov

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

The brain regulates physiological functions integral to survival. However, the insight into brain neuronal regulation of peripheral immune function and the neuromediator systems and pathways involved remains limited. Here, utilizing selective genetic and pharmacological approaches, we studied the role of forebrain cholinergic signaling in the regulation of peripheral immune function and inflammation. Forebrain-selective genetic ablation of acetylcholine release and vagotomy abolished the suppression of serum TNF by the centrally-acting cholinergic drug galantamine in murine endotoxemia. Selective stimulation of acetylcholine action on the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1 mAChR) by central administration of the positive allosteric modulator benzyl quinolone carboxylic acid …

First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow Of The Supermassive Black Hole, Aaron Faber, Kazunori Akiyama, Antxon Alberdi, Walter Alef, Keiichi Asada, Rebecca Azulay, Anne-Kathrin Baczko, David Ball, Mislav Baloković, John Barrett, Dan Bintley

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

When surrounded by a transparent emission region, black holes are expected to reveal a dark shadow caused by gravitational light bending and photon capture at the event horizon. To image and study this phenomenon, we have assembled the Event Horizon Telescope, a global very long baseline interferometry array observing at a wavelength of 1.3 mm. This allows us to reconstruct event-horizon-scale images of the supermassive black hole candidate in the center of the giant elliptical galaxy M87. We have resolved the central compact radio source as an asymmetric bright emission ring with a diameter of 42 +/- 3 mu as, …

The Connexin 30 A88v Mutant Reduces Cochlear Gap Junction Expression And Confers Long-Term Protection Against Hearing Loss, John J. Kelly, Julia Abitbol, Stephanie Hulme, Eric R. Press, Dale Laird, Brian L. Allman

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Mutations in the genes that encode the gap junction proteins connexin 26 (Cx26, encoded by GJB2) and Cx30 (GJB6) are the leading cause of hereditary hearing loss. That said, the Cx30 p.Ala88Val (A88V) mutant causes Clouston syndrome, but not hearing loss. Here, we report that the Cx30-A88V mutant, despite being toxic to inner ear-derived HEI-OC1 cells, conferred remarkable long-term protection against age-related high frequency hearing loss in Cx30(A88V/A88V) mice. During early development, there were no overt structural differences in the cochlea between genotypes, including a normal complement of hair cells; however, the supporting cell Cx30 gap junction plaques in mutant …

Inhibition Of Pannexin 1 Reduces The Tumorigenic Properties Of Human Melanoma Cells, Taylor J. Freeman, Samar Sayedyahossein, Rafael E. Sanchez-Pupo, Brooke O'Donnell, Kenneth Huang, Zameena Lakhani, Daniel Nouri-Nejad, Kevin J. Barr, Luke Harland, Steven Latosinsky, Aaron Grant, Lina Dagnino, Silvia Penuela

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Pannexin 1 (PANX1) is a channel-forming glycoprotein expressed in many tissues including the skin. PANX1 channels allow the passage of ions and molecules up to 1 kDa, including ATP and other metabolites. In this study, we show that PANX1 is highly expressed in human melanoma tumors at all stages of disease progression, as well as in patient-derived cells and established melanoma cell lines. Reducing PANX1 protein levels using shRNA or inhibiting channel function with the channel blockers, carbenoxolone (CBX) and probenecid (PBN), significantly decreased cell growth and migration, and increased melanin production in A375-P and A375-MA2 cell lines. Further, treatment …

The Loss Of Atrx Increases Susceptibility To Pancreatic Injury And Oncogenic Kras In Female But Not Male Mice, Claire C. Young, Ryan M. Baker, Christopher J. Howlett, Todd Hryciw, Joshua E. Herman, Douglas Higgs, Richard Gibbons, Howard Crawford, Arthur Brown, Christopher L. Pin

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Female mice lacking ATRX in the pancreas have increased sensitivity to pancreatic cancer, whereas male mice without ATRX are protected. This study identifies such susceptibility in pancreatic cancer and highlights the need for sex-specific approaches in cancer treatment. BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in North America, accounting for >30,000 deaths annually. Although somatic activating mutations in KRAS appear in 97% of PDAC patients, additional factors are required to initiate PDAC. Because mutations in genes encoding chromatin remodelling proteins have been implicated in KRAS-mediated PDAC, we investigated whether loss of chromatin remodeler.-thalassemia, mental-retardation, …

Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-6 Promotes The Differentiation Of Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cells Into Skeletal Muscle Independent Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor-1 And Insulin Receptor., Doaa Aboalola, Victor K M Han

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

As mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being investigated for regenerative therapies to be used in the clinic, delineating the roles of the IGF system in MSC growth and differentiation,

The Loss Of Atrx Increases Susceptibility To Pancreatic Injury And Oncogenic Kras In Female But Not Male Mice., Claire C Young, Ryan M Baker, Christopher J Howlett, Todd Hryciw, Joshua E Herman, Douglas Higgs, Richard Gibbons, Howard Crawford, Arthur Brown, Christopher L Pin

Paediatrics Publications

Background

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in North America, accounting for >30,000 deaths annually. Although somatic activating mutations in KRAS appear in 97% of PDAC patients, additional factors are required to initiate PDAC. Because mutations in genes encoding chromatin remodelling proteins have been implicated in KRAS-mediated PDAC, we investigated whether loss of chromatin remodeler ɑ-thalassemia, mental-retardation, X-linked (ATRX) affects oncogenic KRAS’s ability to promote PDAC. ATRX affects DNA replication, repair, and gene expression and is implicated in other cancers including glioblastomas and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The hypothesis was that deletion of Atrx …

Parental Licensing And Discrimination, Carolyn Mcleod, Andrew Botterell

Philosophy Publications

In order to protect children from risks associated with bad parenting, some philosophers have recommended that all parents be licensed, in much the same way in which drivers of motor vehicles and many professionals, such as physicians, are licensed. In this chapter, we clarify what parental licensing is, describe philosophical theories about it, and assess these theories in terms of how well they deal with problems of discrimination in parental licensing. While much of our discussion focuses on biologism, the privileging of biological parenthood over non-biological forms of parenthood, we also touch on other forms of discrimination that parental licensing …

Serum-Dependent And-Independent Regulation Of Parp2, Qizhi Sun, Mohamed I. Gatie, Gregory M. Kelly

Paediatrics Publications

PARP2 belongs to a family of proteins involved in cell differentiation, DNA damage repair, cellular energy expenditure, and chromatin modeling. In addition to these overlapping functions with PARP1, PARP2 participates in spermatogenesis, T-cell maturation, extra-embryonic endoderm formation, adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, and cholesterol homeostasis. Knowledge of the functions of PARP2 is far from complete, and the mechanism(s) by which the gene and protein are regulated are unknown. In this study, we found that two different mechanisms are used in vitro to regulate PARP2 levels. In the presence of serum, PARP2 is degraded through the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway; however, when serum is removed …

Transcription Factor Binding Site Clusters Identify Target Genes With Similar Tissue-Wide Expression And Buffer Against Mutations., Peter Rogan, Ruipeng Lu

Biochemistry Publications

Background: The distribution and composition of cis-regulatory modules composed of transcription factor (TF) binding site (TFBS) clusters in promoters substantially determine gene expression patterns and TF targets. TF knockdown experiments have revealed that TF binding profiles and gene expression levels are correlated. We use TFBS features within accessible promoter intervals to predict genes with similar tissue-wide expression patterns and TF targets using Machine Learning (ML). Methods: Bray-Curtis Similarity was used to identify genes with correlated expression patterns across 53 tissues. TF targets from knockdown experiments were also analyzed by this approach to set up the ML framework. TFBSs were …

Laboratory Acclimation To Autumn-Like Conditions Induces Freeze Tolerance In The Spring Field Cricket Gryllus Veletis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), Jantina Toxopeus, Alexander H. Mckinnon, Tomáš Štětina, Kurtis F. Turnbull, Brent J Sinclair

Biology Publications

Many temperate insects encounter temperatures low enough to freeze their body fluids. Remarkably, some insects are freeze-tolerant, surviving this internal ice formation. However, the mechanisms underlying freeze tolerance are not well-understood, in part due to a lack of tractable model organisms. We describe a novel laboratory model to study insect freeze tolerance, the spring field cricket Gryllus veletis (Orthopera: Gryllidae). Following acclimation to six weeks of decreasing temperature and photoperiod, G. veletis become freeze-tolerant, similar to those exposed to natural autumn conditions in London, Ontario, Canada. Acclimated crickets suppress their metabolic rate by c. 33%, and survive freezing for up …

Developing A Mechanistic Understanding Of Crossmodal Reorganization Following Sensory Loss, Brainscan, Western University, Blake E. Butler, Brian Allman, Ravi Menon

Project Summaries

Our long-term goal is to understand how plasticity reshapes circuits in the brain in response to atypical early experiences. This will allow us to better understand how the Deaf brain processes the world around us, and will make clear the challenges that must be overcome to optimize the function of cochlear implants and prostheses designed to restore sensory functions more broadly.

Harm With High Levels Of Serum B12 In Elderly Persons, J. David Spence

Department of Medicine Publications

No abstract provided.

Fsu Law Focus - 03/29/2019, Fsu College Of Law Office Of Communications

FSU Law Focus Newsletter

From the Dean: Alternative Spring Break; Faculty Profile: Dmitry Krasikov; Alum Profile: Kevin W. Wood (’85); Student Profile: 3L William Hamilton

Kali Psychi, Judith A. Reisman Phd, Aaron Nazif J.D., Mary Mcalister Esq.

Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Question 97 - What Supernatural Elements May Be Seen Regarding The Scientific Actuary Of The Bible?, Harold Willmington

101 Most Asked Questions

No abstract provided.

Education For The Rare Majority: Development Of Rarediseaseed, Elle Hazlett, Amy Wilstermann, Rachael Baker

Summer Research

• Thirty million U.S. Americans (1 in 10) have at least one rare disease
• About 15 million of those are children (50%)
• Only a few curriculums about rare disease aimed at high school, college, and medical students currently exist
• Prior to development of RareDiseaseEd, there were no courses for children about rare disease
• Children ought to have access to materials that help them and their peers to understand what they are going through

Sex, Trump, And Constitutional Change, Elizabeth Schneider, Helen Hershkoff

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Crocodylian Head Width Allometry And Phylogenetic Prediction Of Body Size In Extinct Crocodyliforms, Haley D O'Brien, Leigha M Lynch, Kent A Vliet, John Brueggen, Gregory M Erickson, Paul M Gignac

2010-2019 OA Pubs

Body size and body-size shifts broadly impact life-history parameters of all animals, which has made accurate body-size estimates for extinct taxa an important component of understanding their paleobiology. Among extinct crocodylians and their precursors (e.g., suchians), several methods have been developed to predict body size from suites of hard-tissue proxies. Nevertheless, many have limited applications due to the disparity of some major suchian groups and biases in the fossil record. Here, we test the utility of head width (HW) as a broadly applicable body-size estimator in living and fossil suchians. We use a dataset of sexually mature male and female …

Ua19/16/1/1 100 Seasons Of History, 2019 Wku Baseball Media Guide, Wku Athletic Media Relations

WKU Administration Documents

2019 baseball media guide produced by WKU Athletic Media Relations, includes athletic records and statistics, photographs, schedule and information regarding opponents.

Automated Trading Systems Statistical And Machine Learning Methods And Hardware Implementation: A Survey, Boming Huang, Yuziang Huan, Li Da Xu, Lirong Zheng, Zhuo Zou

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

Automated trading, which is also known as algorithmic trading, is a method of using a predesigned computer program to submit a large number of trading orders to an exchange. It is substantially a real-time decision-making system which is under the scope of Enterprise Information System (EIS). With the rapid development of telecommunication and computer technology, the mechanisms underlying automated trading systems have become increasingly diversified. Considerable effort has been exerted by both academia and trading firms towards mining potential factors that may generate significantly higher profits. In this paper, we review studies on trading systems built using various methods and …

An Explorative Case-Study Of The Use Of Peerwise To Foster Student Centred, And Peer Supported, Learning In A First-Year Business Module, Anna Dynan, Barry J. Ryan

Irish Business Journal

Peer based learning is not a new concept in business studies in higher education; however, the integration of technology enabled and asynchronous peer learning has limited reported use and even less evidence based evaluation. In this explorative case study, the online tool PeerWise was used to scaffold and support an asynchronous peer-learning environment for a group of 212 first year business studies students. Students were required to create, answer and rate multiple choice questions on topics aligned to their curriculum within the peer constructed PeerWise question database. While there was no statistically significant correlation between PeerWise engagement and final module …