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Environmental And Occupational Impacts From U.S. Beef Slaughtering Are Of Same Magnitude Of Beef Foodborne Illnesses On Human Health, Shaobin Li, Jeyamkondan Subbiah, Bruce Dvorak

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Foodborne pathogens and occupational hazards are two primary safety concerns for U.S. beef slaughterhouses. The anthropogenic environmental impacts due to intensive resource use and pollution also exert threats to human health. Quantifying human health impacts from various sources remain a grand sustainability challenge for U.S. beef industry. We develop a framework to systematically estimate and compare human health impacts associated with U.S. beef foodborne illnesses from major pathogens and environmental impacts and occupational hazards from U.S. beef slaughtering on a common metric, disability-adjusted life year (DALY). Foodborne illnesses and occupational hazards are estimated by synthesizing published data and methodologies while …

Meet Your Milk At Unh Open Barn June 29, Lori Tyler Gula

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

Unh Alumni Team Wins $4 Million Grand Prize With Pioneering Technology For Ocean Mapping, Robbin Ray

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

Dna Methylation Profiling To Predict Recurrence Risk In Meningioma: Development And Validation Of A Nomogram To Optimize Clinical Management, Farshad Nassiri, Yasin Mamatjan, Suganth Suppiah, Jetan H. Badhiwala, Sheila Mansouri, Shirin Karimi, Olli Saarela, Laila M. Poisson, Irina Gepfner-Tuma, Jens Schittenhelm, Ho-Keung Ng, Houtan Noushmehr, Patrick Harter, Peter Baumgarten, Michael Weller, Matthias Preusser, Christel Herold-Mende, Marcos Tatagiba, Ghazaleh Tabatabai, Felix Sahm, Andreas Von Deimling, Gelareh Zadeh, Kenneth D. Aldape

Neurosurgery Articles

BACKGROUND: Variability in standard-of-care classifications precludes accurate predictions of early tumor recurrence for individual patients with meningioma, limiting the appropriate selection of patients who would benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy to delay recurrence. We aimed to develop an individualized prediction model of early recurrence risk combining clinical and molecular factors in meningioma.

METHODS: DNA methylation profiles of clinically annotated tumor samples across multiple institutions were used to develop a methylome model of 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS). Subsequently, a 5-year meningioma recurrence score was generated using a nomogram that integrated the methylome model with established prognostic clinical factors. Performance of both models …

Expression Of Factor V By Resident Macrophages Boosts Host Defense In The Peritoneal Cavity, Nan Zhang, Rafael S. Czepielewski, Nicholas N. Jarjour, Emma C. Erlich, Ekaterina Esaulova, Brian T. Saunders, Steven P. Grover, Audrey C. Cleuren, George J. Broze, Brian T. Edelson, Nigel Mackman, Bernd H. Zinselmeyer, Gwendalyn J. Randolph

Open Access Publications

Macrophages resident in different organs express distinct genes, but understanding how this diversity fits into tissue-specific features is limited. Here, we show that selective expression of coagulation factor V (FV) by resident peritoneal macrophages in mice promotes bacterial clearance in the peritoneal cavity and serves to facilitate the well-known but poorly understood "macrophage disappearance reaction." Intravital imaging revealed that resident macrophages were nonadherent in peritoneal fluid during homeostasis. Bacterial entry into the peritoneum acutely induced macrophage adherence and associated bacterial phagocytosis. However, optimal control of bacterial expansion in the peritoneum also required expression of FV by the macrophages to form …

Reproductive Capacity Evolves In Response To Ecology Through Common Changes In Cell Number In Hawaiian Drosophila, Didem P. Sarikaya, Samuel H. Church, Laura P. Lagomarsino, Karl N. Magnacca, Steven L. Montgomery, Donald K. Price, Kenneth Y. Kaneshiro, Cassandra G. Extavour

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Lifetime reproductive capacity is a critical fitness component. In insects, female reproductive capacity is largely determined by the number of ovarioles, the egg-producing subunits of the ovary [e.g., 1]. Recent work has provided insights into ovariole number regulation in Drosophila melanogaster. However, whether mechanisms discovered under laboratory conditions explain evolutionary variation in natural populations is an outstanding question. We investigated potential effects of ecology on the developmental processes underlying ovariole number evolution among Hawaiian Drosophila, a large adaptive radiation wherein the highest and lowest ovariole numbers of the family have evolved within 25 million years. Previous …

The Anti-Sigma Factor Muca Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: Dramatic Differences Of A Muca22 Vs. A Δmuca Mutant In Anaerobic Acidified Nitrite Sensitivity Of Planktonic And Biofilm Bacteria In Vitro And During Chronic Murine Lung Infection, Warunya Panmanee, Shengchang Su, Michael J. Schurr, Gee W. Lau, Xiaoting Zhu, Zhaowei Ren, Cameron T. Mcdaniel, Long J. Lu, Dennis E. Ohman, Daniel A. Muruve, Ralph J. Panos, Hongwei D. Yu, Thomas B. Thompson, Boo Shan Tseng, Daniel J. Hassett

Life Sciences Faculty Research

Mucoid mucA22 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is an opportunistic lung pathogen of cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients that is highly sensitive to acidified nitrite (A-NO2-). In this study, we first screened PA mutant strains for sensitivity or resistance to 20 mM A-NO2- under anaerobic conditions that represent the chronic stages of the aforementioned diseases. Mutants found to be sensitive to A-NO2- included PA0964 (pmpR, PQS biosynthesis), PA4455 (probable ABC transporter permease), katA (major catalase, KatA) and rhlR (quorum sensing regulator). In contrast, mutants lacking PA0450 (a putative phosphate transporter) and PA1505 (moaA2) were A-NO2- resistant. However, …

Aquatic Invasive Species Change Ecosystem Services From The World�S Largest Wild Sockeye Salmon Fisheries In Alaska, Tobias Schwoerer, Joseph Little, Milo Adkison

ISER Articles

This study combines a multi-method approach to structured expert judgment with market valuation to forecast fisheries damages from introduced invasive species. The method is applied to a case study of Alaska�s first submersed aquatic invasive plant, Elodea spp., threatening Alaska�s salmon fisheries. Assuming that Elodea spp. remains unmanaged, estimated mean damages to commercial sockeye fisheries aggregated across Alaska amount to a potential $159 million annually with a 5% chance of exceeding $577 million annually ($2015 USD). The associated mean loss of natural capital amounts to $5.1 billion cumulatively over the next 100 years reaching $400 million after 10 years. Results …

Memphis Low Line And Community Hub: Creating A Place For Refuge, Andrea Del Cisne Jimenez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

In today’s society, when people migrate to a new setting, it can either be a welcoming or neglecting experience. It affects one’s sense of place, his or her relationship to the community and, therefore, his or her being. The challenge is to work toward the restoration of the site and respect the old, while still embedding a sense of refuge and identity to the place.The intent of this thesis is to create intimate and social gathering spaces with multi-sensory experiences that produce a meaningful attachment to place, community, and one’s self. The design process of this thesis demonstrates that the …

Decadal Changes In Salt Marsh Succession And Assessing Salt Marsh Vulnerability Using High-Resolution Hyperspectral Imagery, Sarah Goldsmith

Theses

Change in the coastal zone is accelerating with external forcing by sea-level rise, nutrient loading, drought and over-harvest is impacting salt marshes. Understanding marsh resilience, including recovery from coastal storms and detection of stress, is essential for conservation and prediction of ecosystem services. The ‘chronosequence approach’ of predicting future state change by examining ecosystem structure and function in existing ecosystems of different ages is a powerful tool, but assumes that the past mimics the future, and time is the dominant driver of change. This approach was evaluated by replicating a 1995 salt marsh chronosequence study in back-barrier marshes ranging from …

Epidemiologic Evaluation Of Nhanes For Environmental Factors And Periodontal Disease, P. Emecen-Huja, H-F Li, Jeffrey L. Ebersole, J. Lambert, H. Bush

Dental Medicine Faculty Research

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation that destroys periodontal tissues caused by the accumulation of bacterial biofilms that can be affected by environmental factors. This report describes an association study to evaluate the relationship of environmental factors to the expression of periodontitis using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES) from 1999–2004. A wide range of environmental variables (156) were assessed in patients categorized for periodontitis (n = 8884). Multiple statistical approaches were used to explore this dataset and identify environmental variable patterns that enhanced or lowered the prevalence of periodontitis. Our findings indicate an array of environmental variables were …

Following In Their Footsteps, Dana Engelbert

University of Mississippi News

Sistrunk triplets discover paths to health care careers through Ole Miss

Week Of June 3, 2019, New York Medical College

InTouch

• The Café Grand Opening Draws a Crowd
• Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy Hosts Annual Research Forum
• College Hosts 9th Annual Paul K. Woolf, M.D., Pediatric Trainee Research Day
• NYMC Observes World Hypertension Day

Epidemiologic Evaluation Of Nhanes For Environmental Factors And Periodontal Disease, P. Emecen-Huja, H. -F. Li, J. L. Ebersole, J. Lambert, Heather M. Bush

Biostatistics Faculty Publications

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation that destroys periodontal tissues caused by the accumulation of bacterial biofilms that can be affected by environmental factors. This report describes an association study to evaluate the relationship of environmental factors to the expression of periodontitis using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES) from 1999–2004. A wide range of environmental variables (156) were assessed in patients categorized for periodontitis (n = 8884). Multiple statistical approaches were used to explore this dataset and identify environmental variable patterns that enhanced or lowered the prevalence of periodontitis. Our findings indicate an array of environmental variables were …

Plastome Phylogenomics And Characterization Of Rare Genomic Changes As Taxonomic Markers In Plastome Groups 1 And 2 Poeae (Pooideae; Poaceae), Lauren M. Orton, Sean V. Burke, Melvin R. Duvall

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

A phylogenomic analysis of 42 complete plastid genomes (plastomes), including 16 that were newly sequenced, was conducted. Plastomes were sampled from 19 subtribes of Pooideae, to investigate relationships within and between Chloroplast Group 1 (Aveneae) and Group 2 (Poeae) species. Two data partitions: complete plastomes, and a combined plastome and rare genomic change (RGC) data matrix, were analyzed. Overall, 156 non-ambiguous RGC were identified, of which homology was inferred for 38 RGC. Among the 38 RGC identified, six were synapomorphic among the Group 1 subtribes: Aveninae, Agrostidinae, and Anthoxanthinae, (Phalaridinae + Torreyochloinae), and 27 were synapomorphic among the Group 2 …

Neuro-Correlates Of Word Processing Among Four-And-Five-Year-Old Children From Homes Varying In Socio-Economic Status, Wendy Olsen

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A large body of research relates families’ socioeconomic status (SES) to child language development (Hoff & Tian, 2005). Results from these studies indicate preschoolers from low SES backgrounds may have underdeveloped linguistic foundations required for future academic success (Sirin, 2005; Lacouri & Tissington, 2011). These differences have been said to create a 30 million word-gap between the language experiences of low and middle to high SES children by the age of 3 years. Thus, children who come from lower SES backgrounds often lack the vocabulary knowledge used in school and in textbooks (Hart & Risley, 1995). One index of SES …

Epidemiologic Evaluation Of Nhanes For Environmental Factors And Periodontal Disease., P Emecen-Huja, H-F Li, J L Ebersole, J Lambert, H Bush

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation that destroys periodontal tissues caused by the accumulation of bacterial biofilms that can be affected by environmental factors. This report describes an association study to evaluate the relationship of environmental factors to the expression of periodontitis using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES) from 1999-2004. A wide range of environmental variables (156) were assessed in patients categorized for periodontitis (n = 8884). Multiple statistical approaches were used to explore this dataset and identify environmental variable patterns that enhanced or lowered the prevalence of periodontitis. Our findings indicate an array of environmental variables were …

Forty Years Of Progress In The Study Of The Hydrogen Bond, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The author looks back at developments over the last few decades concerning the H–bond. The list of atoms involved as proton donor and acceptor has broadened dramatically, including most electronegative atoms and even metals. The factors that control the transfer of the proton across the H–bond have been elucidated and show the importance of even minor changes in its geometry. Small stretches can shut down the transfer entirely, and certain bends can force a proton to transfer against a pK gradient. Along with the recognition that a CH..O interaction can represent a true H–bond, and one with strength comparable to …

From Outer Space To Ocean Depths: The ‘Spacecraft Cemetery’ And The Protection Of The Marine Environment In Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction, Vito De Lucia, Viviana Iavicoli

California Western International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Same Pill, Different Price: The Case For Policy Reform In The United States Based On Pharmaceuticals’ Access Strategies In International Markets, Timothy Daveler

California Western International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Attendance Trends Threaten Future Operations Of America’S State Park Systems, Jordan Smith, Emily J. Wilkins, Yu-Fai Leung

Environment and Society Faculty Publications

This research examines how the operating expenditures of America’s state park systems will be affected by a continued growth in attendance consistent with observed trends as well as potential climate futures. We construct a longitudinal panel dataset (1984–2017) describing the operations and characteristics of all 50 state park systems. These data are analyzed with a time-varying stochastic frontier model. Estimates from the model are used to forecast operating expenditures to midcentury under four different scenarios. The first scenario assumes annual attendance within each state park system will continue to grow (or decline) at the same average annual rate that it …

A Nonlinear Approach To Generate Creative Data Using Physarum Polycephalum-Based Memristors, S Venkatesh, E Braund, E Miranda

School of Art, Design and Architecture

No abstract provided.

Snowy Plover Demography In Oregon, Eleanor Prindiville Gaines

Dissertations and Theses

A thorough understanding of demographic parameters and their contribution to overall population growth is fundamental to effective conservation of small populations, but this information is often lacking. The Pacific Coast population of the Western Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus nivosus) is listed as threatened and has been the target of long-term, multi-pronged management in Oregon. The Oregon coastal population has been intensively monitored since 1990, and over 80% of the population is color banded, but a comprehensive analysis of demographic parameters and the effect of management on vital rates and population growth has been unavailable until now. Here, the …

The Roles Of Pragmatic Language And Theory Of Mind In The Adaptive Communication Skills Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Taja Estrada

Clinical Psychology Dissertations

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit marked social communication impairments. Research suggests that these deficits often lead to delays in adaptive behavior, such as adaptive communication. In this study, I examined the roles of two social constructs, pragmatic language and theory of mind (ToM), in the adaptive communication abilities of young children with and without ASD. Thirteen children with ASD (31% female; M age = 58.08 months) and 24 children with typical development (58% female; M age = 52.42 months) between the ages of 3:0 and 6:5 were assessed. Adaptive communication was measured by the Functional Communication subscale of …

Environmental And Occupational Impacts From U.S. Beef Slaughtering Are Of Same Magnitude Of Beef Foodborne Illnesses On Human Health, Shaobin Li, Jeyamkondan Subbiah, Bruce Dvorak

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Faculty Publications

Foodborne pathogens and occupational hazards are two primary safety concerns for U.S. beef slaughterhouses. The anthropogenic environmental impacts due to intensive resource use and pollution also exert threats to human health. Quantifying human health impacts from various sources remain a grand sustainability challenge for U.S. beef industry. We develop a framework to systematically estimate and compare human health impacts associated with U.S. beef foodborne illnesses from major pathogens and environmental impacts and occupational hazards from U.S. beef slaughtering on a common metric, disability-adjusted life year (DALY). Foodborne illnesses and occupational hazards are estimated by synthesizing published data and methodologies while …

Brainstem Atrophy In Focal Epilepsy Destabilizes Brainstem-Brain Interactions: Preliminary Findings., Susanne G. Mueller, Lisa M. Bateman, Maromi Nei, Alica M. Goldman, Kenneth D. Laxer

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: MR Imaging has shown atrophy in brainstem regions that were linked to autonomic dysfunction in epilepsy patients. The brainstem projects to and modulates the activation state of several wide-spread cortical/subcortical regions. The goal was to investigate 1. Impact of brainstem atrophy on gray matter connectivity of cortical/subcortical structures and autonomic control. 2. Impact on the modulation of cortical/subcortical functional connectivity.

METHODS: 11 controls and 18 patients with non-lesional focal epilepsy (FE) underwent heart rate variability (HRV) measurements and a 3 T MRI (T1 in all subjects, task-free fMRI in 7 controls/ 12 FE). The brainstem was extracted, and atrophy …

Memcapacitive Reservoir Computing Architectures, Dat Tien Tran

Dissertations and Theses

In this thesis, I propose novel brain-inspired and energy-efficient computing systems. Designing such systems has been the forefront goal of neuromorphic scientists over the last few decades. The results from my research show that it is possible to design such systems with emerging nanoscale memcapacitive devices.

Technological development has advanced greatly over the years with the conventional von Neumann architecture. The current architectures and materials, however, will inevitably reach their physical limitations. While conventional computing systems have achieved great performances in general tasks, they are often not power-efficient in performing tasks with large input data, such as natural image recognition …

Closing The Loop: The Capacities And Constraints Of Information And Communication Technologies For Development (Ict4d), Phillip Nicholas Turman-Bryant

Dissertations and Theses

As a mechanism for collecting and sharing information, information and communications technologies (ICT) hold immense potential for individuals and institutions in low- and middle-income countries. Currently the distribution and adoption of ICTs--particularly mobile devices--has far outpaced the provision of other household services like clean water, sanitation, hygiene, or energy services. At the same time, the development and deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) devices including cellular- and satellite-connected sensors is facilitating more rapid feedback from remote regions where basic services are most limited. When used in conjunction with economic development or public health interventions, these devices and the feedback they …

Avoiding Forced Parenthood: A Practical Legal Framework To Resolve Disputes Involving The Disposition Of Embryos, Melanie M. Lupsa

Seton Hall Law Review

No abstract provided.

Internalized Oppression: The Impact Of Gender And Racial Bias In Employment On The Health Status Of Women Of Color, Ruqaiijah Yearby

Seton Hall Law Review

No abstract provided.