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Trade In Crispr/Gene-Edited Wheat: A Partial Equilibrium Analysis, Prince Fosu

Agribusiness and Applied Economics

Previous studies have analyzed how the adoption of genetically engineered or modified technologies have affected agricultural crops such as corn, soybeans, cotton, and barley without focusing on wheat. Also, given the negative impact of drought on wheat production, no studies have focused on the implications of drought tolerant (HB4) and CRISPR/gene-editing on wheat trade. To address these issues, this study employed the partial equilibrium analysis and analyzed the implications of drought tolerant (HB4) and CRISPR/gene-editing technology adoption on wheat trade under various scenarios. The study found that when Argentina, Australia, United States, Canada, and Russia adopt gene-editing wheat, all consuming …

The Impact Of The African Growth And Opportunity Act On Sub-Sahara African Value-Added Agricultural Exports, Joseph Mwagura

Agribusiness and Applied Economics

This thesis uses new measures of value added trade for agricultural exports which originate from Sub-Sahara African (SSA) countries and go to the United States of America (U.S.A.). First, the impact of the African Growth and Opportunities Act (AGOA) on SSA’s domestic value-added exports is assessed by using a sectoral structural gravity model. The study then evaluates the AGOA’s effect on the extensive margin and intensive margin of US-SSA value added trade using a Helpman, Melitz, and Rubinstein (2008) (HMR) two-step procedure model. The empirical results show that AGOA has had an insignificant impact on SSA’s agricultural domestic value-added exports …

Investing In United States Farmland: A Capital Asset Pricing Model Analysis, Bryce Jaden Messner

Agribusiness and Applied Economics

This study examines the risk and returns to owning United States farmland. State, regional, and national farmland returns from 1998 to 2018 are analyzed via the capital asset pricing model. Results show that farmland may be an effective route of investment portfolio diversification due to its favorable returns and low correlation with other commonly held assets. This study’s findings are generally consistent with similar research conducted in the past.

Critical Participatory Action Research: A Feminist Project For Validity And Solidarity, Michelle Fine, María Elena Torre

Publications and Research

We present critical participatory action research as an enactment of feminist research praxis in psychology. We discuss the key elements of critical participatory action research through the story of a single national participatory project. The project was designed by and for LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer, intersex, asexual, plus) and gender expansive youth; it was called What’s Your Issue? We provide details of the research project, the dreams, desires, experiences, and structural precarity of queer and trans youth. We write this paper hoping readers will appreciate the complexities of identities; attend to the relentless commitment to recognition and solidarities; …

Editorial, Editorial Office

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

No abstract provided.

Modern Theoretical Approaches To Medieval Translation, Michelle R. Warren

Dartmouth Scholarship

This chapter explores some of the ways in which modern literary theory opens insights into medieval European translations. Rather than drawing a distinction between theoretical approaches that apply to medieval studies and those that do not, I will explore a few examples that might in turn inspire readers to their own insights. It is my hope that over time readers of this Companion to Medieval Translation will posit many more modern theoretical approaches to medieval translation than can be suggested here. We might even imagine that some of the particularities of medieval European theories of translation could themselves be codified …

Afterlives Of Indigenous Archives, Ivy Schweitzer, Gordon Henry Jr

Dartmouth Scholarship

Afterlives of Indigenous Archives offers a compelling critique of Western archives and their use in the development of “digital humanities.” The essays collected here present the work of an international and interdisciplinary group of indigenous scholars; researchers in the field of indigenous studies and early American studies; and librarians, curators, activists, and storytellers. The contributors examine various digital projects and outline their relevance to the lives and interests of tribal people and communities, along with the transformative power that access to online materials affords. The authors aim to empower native people to re-envision the Western archive as a site of …

The Pacific Sentinel, January 2019, Portland State University. Student Publications Board

The Pacific Sentinel

Editor: Jake Johnson

Articles in this issue include:

• Happy New Years From Times Square!;
• First Confirmed and Evidence of Dinosaurs in Oregon;
• Reduced Bus Fare for Low-Income Individuals;
• Village Model Design Exhibit;
• Yellow Vest Protest of PDX;
• The Sentinelese and John Allen Chau;
• The Heat Is on the Catholic Church;
• Fatal Thanksgiving Encounter with CPSO;
• After the Sixth Day;
• Still Fighting for Stonewall;
• A Student Sails the Seas;
• The Statue With a Voice;
• Red Clocks and Rising Anti-Abortion Laws;
• What Is Your Face Shape?;
• Library Archives;
• Mysteries, Murder, and Mayhem in 2018;
• Sun Ra Rises at PAM; and
• 2018 in …

Raps Sheet, January 2019, Retirement Association Of Portland State

RAPS Sheet: Monthly Newsletter

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Supplemental Beef Vs. Sugar During Pregnancy On Fetal And Offspring Developmental Programming In Swine, Ashley Sabine Hoyle

Animal Sciences

Sugar intake is linked to developmental programming of obesity and diabetes. We hypothesized that supplementing ground beef in place of sugar during pregnancy would reduce fetal and offspring developmental programming. Gestating sows were fed 1 of 4 isocaloric supplements: control, ground beef, granulated sugar, or beef plus sugar. In the fetal study supplements were fed from d 40 to 110 of gestation and in the offspring study from d 40 until weaning. Gene expression differences in fetal liver and muscle were observed for IGF2 (P = 0.04), FBPase (P = 0.03), and IGF2R (P = 0.02). Differences were also seen …

Treatment Of Industrial Wastewater Derived Organic Pollutants Using Electrochemical Methods Through Optimization Of Operation Parameters., Swati Sharma

Agribusiness and Biosystems Engineering

Industrial operations produce a notable amount of wastewaters with high concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD), mostly consisting of organic carbon compounds. The treatment performance of electrochemical methods for organic removal and the effects of process parameters are the subject of this research. Three research tasks were performed. The first task was the removal of organic pollutants from three different industrial wastewaters using two different electrochemical methods; combined electrocoagulation + electrooxidation (EC+EO) and b) electrochemical peroxidation (ECP). Using only EC process was found to be significantly successful in removing suspended and colloidal pollutants and could remove more than 90% COD …

Process Benefits Of Using Biomass Pellets In A Biorefinery, Ramsharan Pandey

Agribusiness and Biosystems Engineering

Pelleted biomass can help simplify biomass supply systems and reduce downstream processing costs that are vital for the development of commercial biorefineries. This study is based on comparison of process benefits and economic factors of using loose and pelleted biomass over a range of low to high pretreatment severity and hydrolysis enzyme loadings. Use of pelleted biomass provides flexibility either to reduce pretreatment severity, enzyme loadings, hydrolysis time, or combinations of these. Either enzyme loadings can be reduced by 80% or hydrolysis times reduced by 58% with the use of pelleted biomass. A comparative techno-economic analysis using each form of …

Agricultural Field Applications Of Digital Image Processing Using An Open Source Imagej Platform, Sunoj Shajahan

Agribusiness and Biosystems Engineering

Digital image processing is one of the potential technologies used in precision agriculture to gather information, such as seed emergence, plant health, and phenology from the digital images. Despite its potential, the rate of adoption is slow due to limited accessibility, unsuitability to specific issues, unaffordability, and high technical knowledge requirement from the clientele. Therefore, the development of open source image processing applications that are task-specific, easy-to-use, requiring fewer inputs, and rich with features will be beneficial to the users/farmers for adoption. The Fiji software, an open source free image processing ImageJ platform, was used in this application development study. …

The Nonprofit Nerd (January 2019), The Nonprofit Institute At Portland State University

The Nonprofit Institute Newsletter

This month's topic is culturally-responsive evaluation with Native and Indigenous communities.

In this issue, we explore culturally-responsive evaluation for Native American or Indigenous communities. This is the first of a series focusing on culture and equity.

According to “Leading with Tradition,” The Portland Metro region has been home to many nations including the Multnomah, Wasco, Cowlitz, Kathlamet, Clackamas, bands of Chinook, and more. Across Oregon, there are nine federally-recognized tribes. According to the Coalition of Communities of Color’s "An Unsettling Report", Portland is the ninth largest urban Native population, and this diverse Native community is served by almost 30 …

How Much Do Emotional, Behavioral, And Cognitive Factors Actually Impact College Student Attitudes Towards English Language Learning? A Quantitative And Qualitative Study, Xin Zuo, Regina D. Weaver, Julia Macrae, Limin Wang

Intensive English Language Program Faculty Publications and Presentations

Researchers have proposed many multidimensional frameworks to identify significant and potential factors, e.g., educational background, positive feelings and career aspirations, that impact English learning attitude in second language acquisition. Yet, there is still very little research to graphically describe the interactions between these factors and how these factors directly or indirectly impact learning attitude. To this end, a questionnaire survey was conducted in Changchun University of Technology. Statistical measures and Bayesian network analysis were introduced to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the collected data. Furthermore, the significant attitudinal differences between students majoring in the Liberal Arts or Sciences were investigated for …

Maternal Nutrition, One-Carbon Metabolites, And Programming Of Fetal Development During Early Gestation, Matthew Scott Pennell Crouse

Animal Sciences

Crossbred Angus heifers (n = 14) were bred via AI, assigned to nutritional treatment (CON = 100% of requirements for 0.45 kg/d gain and RES = 60% of CON) and ovariohysterectomized on d 50 of gestation. Fetal liver, muscle from the hind limb, and cerebrum were analyzed by RNA-sequencing, and a total of 548, 317, and 151 genes, respectively (P < 0.01) were differentially expressed. Functional categories affected by nutritional treatment included: 1) Liver: metabolic pathways and nucleosome core, 2) Muscle: skeletal muscle and embryogenesis, and 3) Cerebrum: hippocampus and neurogenesis. Bovine embryonic fibroblast cells were cultured in Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium with 1 g/L glucose (LOW) or 4.5 g/L glucose (HIGH). Control medium contained basal concentrations of one-carbon metabolites (Choline, folate, vitamin B12, and methionine). One-carbon metabolites (OCM: methionine, choline, folate, vitamin B12) were supplemented to the media at 2.5, 5, and 10 times (2.5X, 5X, and 10X, respectively) the control media, except for methionine, which was limited to 2X. One-carbon metabolites increased (P < 0.01) basal respiration and Reserve Capacity in HIGH 2.5X and 10X compared with all other treatments. ATP-linked respiration was greater (P < 0.01) in HIGH OCM supplemented cells compared to Control and was greater in LOW 2.5X compared with LOW Control, 5X, and 10X cells. Total growth rate was greater (P < 0.01) for HIGH 2.5X and 10X compared with LOW Control, 2.5X, and 10X. At 24, 36, 48, and 72 h, cell proliferation in HIGH 10X was always greater (P ≤ 0.03) than Low 10X. Therefore, these data are interpreted to imply that a moderate maternal nutrient restriction during the first 50 d of gestation in beef heifers alters the transcript abundance of genes impacting tissue accretion, function, and metabolism suggesting potential alterations to fetal physiology which should be further investigated. Lastly, supplementation of OCM may improve fetal growth and program increased metabolic efficiency in the offspring, and thus should be a focus of future research into the effects of maternal nutrition on postnatal physiology.

Perceptions Of Modern Meat-Animal Production From Consumers Two To Three Generations Removed From The Farm, Demetris Deon Reed

Animal Sciences

A consumer is defined as a person who purchases goods and services for personal use or a person or thing that eats or uses something (Merriam-Webster, 2019). Consumers either want or need to eat meat, whether it is for self-gratification or nutritive purposes. The modern consumer definition of “meat” has changed from the original hunter stalking prey to now contemporary livestock production practices that confine and feed sophisticated diets in an effort to achieve outstanding muscle-food quality. Those who produce and supply consumers with food and fiber must achieve a higher level of education in keeping with technological advances. Further, …

Effects Of Replacing Supplemental Sucrose With Beef During Mid To Late Gestation On Maternal Health And Fetal Growth And Development Using A Sow Biomedical Model, Megan Alice Nelson

Animal Sciences

Americans consume three percent more total daily calories from sugar than current recommendations. Maternal diets high in sugar can cause obesity and diabetes mellitus. Objectives were to compare supplemental dietary sucrose to a protein alternative on maternal health and fetal programming utilizing a sow biomedical model. Pregnant sows (Landrace × Yorkshire, average BW = 222 ± 35 kg, n = 21) were fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet (CSM) at one percent BW at 0700 h daily from d 29 (± 1.47) to 111 (± 0.58) of gestation. Sows were randomly assigned to dietary supplement treatments: 126 g CSM (CON, n …

The Effects Of Red Meat Or Sugar Supplementation During Gestation And Lactation On Maternal Reproduction, Maternal And Offspring Blood Parameters, And Offspring Body Composition, Alexis Michelle Siomka

Animal Sciences

Using swine as a model for humans, this study was conducted to examine whether maternal consumption of added protein (red meat) or free sugar (glucose) throughout gestation and lactation was associated with maternal reproduction, maternal and offspring blood parameters, and offspring mature body composition. Maternal breed of sows of at least one year of age at breeding were utilized. At D-40 of gestation, sows were randomly assigned to one of four dietary supplementation treatments 1) Control (CON): corn-soy gestation diet; 2) Beef (GB): 4 oz cooked beef patty; 3) Sugar (SUG): sugar on a caloric equivalent to the beef patty; …

Can Hematocrit Levels At Estrus In Dairy Cows And Sheep Be An Indicator For Pregnancy Success?, Khaled Elaraby Kelany

Animal Sciences

Despite the major reproductive advances in the livestock industry, prenatal embryonic loss is still one of the major issues that causes substantial economic loss. While there are many tests available to determine pregnancy soon after maternal recognition of pregnancy, most of the prenatal losses are undetectable because it occurs before then. Based on previous research we hypothesized that increased plasma volume around the time of estrus will increase the survivability of the embryo at early stages of gestation. However, our findings indicate that hematocrit levels are not a consistent measurement in determining successful pregnancies.

Research Ethics In Legal Writing: Challenges For Empirical Research, Alissa J. Hartig

Applied Linguistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The conference program for the 2018 LWI Biennial Conference provided evidence of a growing interest in empirical research in legal writing. Ann Nowak’s presentation, based on the article for which she received the Deborah Hecht Memorial Writing Award, and a panel by Shaun Spencer, Kenneth Chestek, Brian Larson, and Lance Long were just two out of a number of sessions devoted to such studies. Empirical research can come in many forms: while some scholars draw on publicly available documents, others conduct research that involves the participation of individuals who have been specifically recruited to help answer research questions. While both …

A Green New Deal For Social Work, Rupaleem Bhuyan, Stéphanie Wahab, Yoosun Park

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this editorial, we consider what climate action would mean for the social work profession. The urgency to address climate change compels social work practitioners, educators, and researchers to embrace a vision of social work that is committed to restoring human well-being and the natural world.

Teaching Race, Racism, And Racial Justice: Pedagogical Principles And Classroom Strategies For Course Instructors, M. Brielle Harbin, Amie Thurber, Joe Bandy

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Teaching on topics of race and racism presents unique challenges to leaders in the university classroom setting. Despite an increasing number of instructors bringing a critical analysis of racial in/justice to their curriculum, many report challenges in teaching this content effectively. In this article, we address these challenges. We define common challenges in teaching racial content and articulate four principles for course planning around topics of race, racism, and racial justice. Then, drawing on a systematic review of scholarship examining issues of difference within a diverse range of disciplinary settings, we introduce a set of five pedagogical strategies, and supporting …

Participatory Action Research And Co-Researching As A Tool For Situating Youth Knowledge At The Centre Of Research, Staci B. Martin, Jessica H. Burbach, Lulis Lares Benitez, Irisa Ramiz

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Too often youth from vulnerable communities see themselves talked about in academic research, but are rarely involved as co-researchers or co-authors of research. The purpose of this article is to share our reflections on engaging youth, their experiences and their perspectives on the multi-levels of impact of participatory action research methodologies, such as community-based action research or youth participatory action research. This article discusses more broadly how our participatory methodologies have impacted our co-researchers and ourselves. In it, we provide additional details about our past research projects, as well as theorizing those details in terms of how critical theory serves …

Editorial: Public Intellectualism And The Call For Grounded Speculation, Ben Anderson-Nathe, Grant Charles

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

The author discusses the challenge of getting child welfare research to practitioners, families, and the young people whose lives it concerns.

Editorial: We Can Do Better Than "Adolescence", Ben Anderson-Nathe, Grant Charles

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Editorial. The author discusses the concept of adolescence and its acceptance as a biological imperative, a developmental mandate, and an explanation for young people's behavior. Topics discussed include the shift of the fundamentals of labor from largely agrarian to predominantly industrial forms, the 1904 naming of adolescence as a distinct life stage in the human experience, and adolescence as the default starting point for most adult interactions with youth in the academic and practice literatures.

Editorial: Disconnection And Mattering, Grant Charles, Ben Anderson-Nathe

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Editorial. The article offers information on how the disconnection may affect the lives of children and youth and role of mattering to other people in overcoming the loneliness. Topics discussed include information on the empowering child and youth care; discussions on the intentional relationships and connection between children and youth; and the how engagements with young people reduces the loneliness.

Editorial: Stories Still Untold, Grant Charles, Ben Anderson-Nathe

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Editorial. The article offers information on the human history is a narrative of the powerful pushing the less powerful down and trying to keep them there. Topics discussed include without sufficient attention to history, to current circumstance, to all the points of intersection that we do not yet see, any single course of action reflects a limited and incomplete narrative; and mentions it is easier to think that there are victims and perpetrators than to admit that some among us are both.

Emerging Strategies For Engaging Young People In Systems Of Care, Research And Training Center For Pathways To Positive Futures, Portland State University

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Systems of care are increasingly serving older youth and young adults up to age 24, and in our research and training work with providers, we hear about the challenges of engaging young people in typical services. Many providers are responding to the unique developmental needs of this population by adapting the design and delivery of their services to better engage and retain young people in system of care supports. Overall, strategies include expansion of drop-in center programming, adaptations to practice models like Wraparound, and new outreach efforts using social media and other technologies. Our purpose here is to share some …

Data From: How Will Autonomous Vehicles Change Local Government Budgeting And Finance? Case Studies Of On-Street Parking, Curb Management, And Solid Waste Collection, Benjamin Y. Clark

TREC Datasets and Databases

Datafiles

Parking Occupancy Datasets: These CSV (comma separated values) datafiles include parking occupancy data from the Seattle Department of Transportation (SDOT). Each of the 11 datafiles indicates the time period that it includes, with dates ranging from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2017. Each file contains 6 months of data on block-by-block occupancy of paid parking. The number of available spaces were calculated from this dataset in addition to the median and mean occupancy rates for each Tract. City data documentation indicates the following about the dataset: “The City of Seattle has created an on-street paid parking occupancy …