Digital Commons Network^™

Smoking Status And Subsequent Gastric Cancer Risk In Men Compared With Women: A Meta-Analysis Of Prospective Observational Studies, Wen-Ya Li, Yunan Han, Hui-Mian Xu, Zhen-Ning Wang, Ying-Ying Xu, Yong-Xi Song, Hao Xu, Song-Cheng Yin, Xing-Yu Liu, Zhi-Feng Miao

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Longitudinal Changes In Dry Eye Symptoms And Signs Following Lifitegrast Therapy And Relationship To Tear Osmolarity, Jay S. Pepose, Mujtaba A. Qazi, Douglas K. Devries

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Identifying Risk Of Depressive Symptoms In Adults With Physical Disabilities Receiving Rehabilitation Services: Propensity Score Approaches, Yejin Lee, Ickpyo Hong, Mi Jung Lee, Hae Yean Park

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Mechanisms By Which Sialylated Milk Oligosaccharides Impact Bone Biology In A Gnotobiotic Mouse Model Of Infant Undernutrition, Carrie A. Cowardin, Philip P. Ahern, Vanderlene L. Kung, Matthew C. Hibberd, Jiye Cheng, Janaki L. Guruge, Vinaik Sundaresan, Richard D. Head, Daniela Barile, David A. Mills, Michael J. Barratt, Sayeeda Huq, Tahmeed Ahmed, Jeffrey I. Gordon

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Mutation In Site-1 Protease Is Associated With A Complex Phenotype That Includes Episodic Hyperckemia And Focal Myoedema, George G. Schweitzer, Connie Gan, Robert C. Bucelli, Daniel Wegner, Robert E. Schmidt, Marwan Shinawi, Brian N. Finck, Rita T. Brookheart

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Qualitative Study Identifying Barriers And Facilitators Of Physical Activity In Rural Communities, Amanda S. Gilbert, Dixie D. Duncan, Alan M. Beck, Amy A. Eyler, Ross C. Brownson

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Neuroinflammation And Myelin Status In Alzheimer’S Disease, Parkinson’S Disease, And Normal Aging Brains: A Small Sample Study, Fei Han, Richard J. Perrin, Qing Wang, Yong Wang, Joel S. Perlmutter, John C. Morris, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, Jinbin Xu

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Perioperative Serum Albumin And Its Influence On Clinical Outcomes In Neonates And Infants Undergoing Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Multi-Centre Retrospective Study, Brandon M. Henry, Santiago Borasino, Laura Ortmann, Mayte Figueroa, A.K.M. F. Rahman, Kristal M. Hock, Mario Briceno-Medina, Jeffrey A. Alten

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

(P)Ppgpp And Cody Promote Enterococcus Faecalis Virulence In A Murine Model Of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, C. Colomer-Winter, A. L. Flores-Mireles, S. Kundra, S. J. Hultgren, J. A. Lemos

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Omics Driven Understanding Of The Intestines Of Parasitic Nematodes, Douglas P. Jasmer, Bruce A. Rosa, Rahul Tyagi, Makedonka Mitreva

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Modelling Resilience In Adolescence And Adversity: A Novel Framework To Inform Research And Practice, Gin S. Malhi, Pritha Das, Erica Bell, Greg Mattingly, Zola Mannie

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Mechanisms Underlying Bone Loss Associated With Gut Inflammation, Ke Ke, Manoj Arra, Yousef Abu-Amer

Open Access Publications

Patients with gastrointestinal diseases frequently suffer from skeletal abnormality, characterized by reduced bone mineral density, increased fracture risk, and/or joint inflammation. This pathological process is characterized by altered immune cell activity and elevated inflammatory cytokines in the bone marrow microenvironment due to disrupted gut immune response. Gastrointestinal disease is recognized as an immune malfunction driven by multiple factors, including cytokines and signaling molecules. However, the mechanism by which intestinal inflammation magnified by gut-residing actors stimulates bone loss remains to be elucidated. In this article, we discuss the main risk factors potentially contributing to intestinal disease-associated bone loss, and summarize current …

A Review Of The Immunomodulating Components Of Maternal Breast Milk And Protection Against Necrotizing Enterocolitis, Lila S Nolan, Olivia B Parks, Misty Good

Open Access Publications

Breast milk contains immunomodulating components that are beneficial to newborns during maturation of their immune system. Human breast milk composition is influenced by an infant's gestational and chronological age, lactation stage, and the mother and infant's health status. Major immunologic components in human milk, such as secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) and growth factors, have a known role in regulating gut barrier integrity and microbial colonization, which therefore protect against the development of a life-threatening gastrointestinal illness affecting newborn infants called necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Breast milk is a known protective factor in the prevention of NEC when compared with feeding with …

Changes In Food Cravings And Eating Behavior After A Dietary Carbohydrate Restriction Intervention Trial, Katherene O-B Anguah, Majid M Syed-Abdul, Qiong Hu, Miriam Jacome-Sosa, Colette Heimowitz, Vicki Cox, Elizabeth J Parks

Open Access Publications

Compared to low-fat diets, low-carbohydrate (CHO) diets cause weight loss (WL) over a faster time frame; however, it is unknown how changes in food cravings and eating behavior contribute to this more rapid WL in the early phases of dieting. We hypothesized that reductions in food cravings and improved eating behaviors would be evident even after a relatively short (4-week) duration of CHO-restriction, and that these changes would be associated with WL. Adult participants (

Adaptation Of An Evidence-Based Cardiovascular Health Intervention For Rural African Americans In The Southeast, Kiana D. Bess, Leah Frerichs, Tiffany Young, Giselle Corbie-Smith, Gaurav Dave, Kia Davis, Shirley Mcfarlin, Sable Watson, Mysha Wynn, Crystal W. Cene

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Edematous Severe Acute Malnutrition Is Characterized By Hypomethylation Of Dna, Katharina V. Schulze, Mark J. Manary, Indi Trehan, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Local Health Department Accreditation Is Associated With Organizational Supports For Evidence-Based Decision Making, Peg Allen, Stephanie Mazzucca, Renee G Parks, Mackenzie Robinson, Rachel G Tabak, Ross Brownson

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Small Bowel Obstruction Secondary To Wild Banana Seed Ingestion, Divya K Natarajan, Phonexay Homthavong, Indi Trehan

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Veliparib With First-Line Chemotherapy And As Maintenance Therapy In Ovarian Cancer, Robert L. Coleman, Andrea R. Hagemann, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Syndemic Effects Of Hiv Risk Behaviours: Results From The Nhanes Study, L Smith, C Cao, X Zong, D T Mcdermott, S Stefanac, S Haider, S E Jackson, N Veronese, G F López-Sánchez, A Koyanagi, L Yang, I Grabovac

Open Access Publications

The aim of the present study is to use the syndemic framework to investigate the risk of contracting HIV in the US population. Cross-sectional analyses are from The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We extracted and aggregated data on HIV antibody test, socio-demographic characteristics, alcohol use, drug use, depression, sexual behaviours and sexually transmitted diseases from cycle 2009-2010 to 2015-2016. We carried out weighted regression among young adults (20-39 years) and adults (40-59 years) separately. In total, 5230 men and 5794 women aged 20-59 years were included in the present analyses. In total, 0.8% men and 0.2% women were …

Top 10 Research Priorities In Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology, Peng Jia, Ross C. Brownson, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Strategy For Building And Using A Human Reference Pangenome, Bastien Llamas, Allison Regier, Et Al

Open Access Publications

In March 2019, 45 scientists and software engineers from around the world converged at the University of California, Santa Cruz for the first pangenomics codeathon. The purpose of the meeting was to propose technical specifications and standards for a usable human pangenome as well as to build relevant tools for genome graph infrastructures. During the meeting, the group held several intense and productive discussions covering a diverse set of topics, including advantages of graph genomes over a linear reference representation, design of new methods that can leverage graph-based data structures, and novel visualization and annotation approaches for pangenomes. Additionally, the …

Medical Condition Or Childcare Choice? Breastfeeding And Lactation Discrimination After Young V. Ups, Madeleine Gyory

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

Women returning to work after giving birth, and who wish to breastfeed their child often need modest adjustments to their job or workplace that allow them to pump breast milk at work, such as break time and a clean, private room. But what if an employer denies this request or fires a woman for asking? The federal Pregnancy Discrimination Act ("PDA") prohibits employers from discriminating against workers based on their pregnancy, childbirth, or "related medical conditions." Under the PDA, as interpreted by the Supreme Court in Young v. UPS, employers must grant pregnant workers accommodations only if they grant similar …

The Rhetoric Of Rhetorical Reactance: Pork Producers' Responses To The Animal Activist Movement, Kathleen German, Adam Rottinghaus

Iowa Journal of Communication

Animal activists made inroads against the fur industry, laboratory research, veal production, and horse slaughter during the 1980s and 1990s. While pork producers were not directly targeted, they nevertheless reacted, perceiving a dire threat to their own industry and a bleak future for pork production. This fear was magnified by their sense that activists were supported by a broad population of non/armers who were naively susceptible to irrational and emotional appeals. This case study points out the complexity of public discourse rippling outward from the animal rights movement. As animal activists raised their voices against fur ranchers, animal researchers, and …

Making The Case: A College Physical And Mental Health Integration, Tamara L. Laursen

Iowa Journal of Communication

Much research has been done linking physical disorders and depressive disorders. Although this topic is highly relevant to college populations, administrative structures and clinical practices vary as to how college health, health promotion, and counseling services are delivered. Understanding current operational relationships and possible strengths and weaknesses of an integrated physical and mental health service can provide notable benefits for college students. Recognized standards exist for college health services, health promotion, and counseling services. Exploration of current integrated models offers an understanding of benefits and challenges encountered when establishing an integrated model. Health and well-being are life-long endeavors, and by …

The Burden Of Invisibility: A Case Study Of The Fisheries Crisis In Ghana, And Usaid/Ghana Sustainable Fisheries Management Project’S Gender Mainstreaming Strategy, Danielle Bilecki

Open Access Master's Theses

The Sustainable Fisheries Management Project’s primary goal is to create a more sustainable artisanal fishery in Ghana, in order to increase food security within the nation. One of SFMP’s strategies within this fisheries-based project was to implement a gender mainstreaming strategy in order to empower previously overlooked women stakeholders. This chapter will present the results of a study on the impacts of SFMP’s gender mainstreaming strategy on members of Ghana’s artisanal fisheries sector.

This study focuses on impacts primarily associated with fishers, fish processors, members of client and partner organizations, as well as the organizations themselves, and on the Ministry …

Attainment And Maintenance Of Pubertal Cyclicity May Predict High A4 Cows With Reduced Fertility, Sarah Nafziger

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Puberty attainment was investigated in heifers. Blood samples were collected from weaning until breeding during 6 years from heifers born in 2012-2017. Plasma progesterone concentrations ≥ 1 ng/ml were used to indicate cyclicity, and heifers were categorized into one of four puberty groups using SAS: 1) Early heifers reached puberty before March 12 and cycled continuously during the sampling period, 2) Typical heifers reached puberty on or after March 12 and cycled continuously, 3) Start-Stop heifers had at least one occurrence of progesterone ≥ 1 ng/ml but discontinued cycling during the sampling period, and 4) Non-Cycling heifers had no occurrence …

Geographic Determinants Of Infant Health: The Impact Of Sports Facility Construction Projects, Brad Humphreys, Jane Ruseski

Economics Faculty Working Papers Series

A large body of research examines determinants of infant health outcomes but little examines geographic variation generated by exogenous economic shocks. Linking birth data from the CDC Natality files to counties building new facilities from 1995-2002, we find that sports facility construction projects generate local negative externalities. Infants born during facility construction periods have lower birth weights than infants born in comparable counties where no new facility opened. Maternal prenatal health visits also fall in the post-facility-opening period. Mechanisms for this impact include local airborne particulate matter and reduced provision of government services affecting prenatal health.

Utilization Of The Zebrafish Model System To Predict Effects Of Dietary Lipid Composition On Human Health, Lauren Adele Fowler

All ETDs from UAB

Obesity is a disease that encompasses the interaction of both genetics and life-style factors, and the pathology behind its development remains unclear. Specifically, defining the influence of dietary lipid intake on adiposity and metabolic health continues to be a fundamental challenge, and the use of animal models will be required to gain a full understanding of the processes contributing to diet-induced obesity in humans. The zebrafish Danio rerio has emerged as a powerful model system to study diet-induced obesity and metabolic disease in humans, while simultaneously offering multiple advantages over rodent models. This dissertation addresses multiple aspects regarding the use …

Nursing Staff Approaches To Providing Oral Hygiene In Stroke Survivors With Dysphagia: A Grounded Theory Study, Willard Edward Brewer

All ETDs from UAB

The purpose of this qualitative grounded theory study was to explore how the nursing staff approaches oral hygiene in stroke survivors with dysphagia during the rehabilitation phase of recovery and what guides their decisions. Oral hygiene is a proven effective task known to prevent systemic health disparities (i.e. aspiration pneumonia, diabetes, gastrointestinal disparities, and even stroke). However, there are no current evidenced-based guidelines that provide instruction on how to execute oral hygiene to stroke survivors with dysphagia. Little is known about how nurses make decisions to implement oral hygiene in stroke survivors with dysphagia. Using a theoretical sampling strategy, data …