Digital Commons Network^™

Predictors Of Poor Pregnancy Outcomes Among Pregnant Women In Island Maternity, Nigeria, Letam Nwi-Ue

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Pregnancy outcomes have improved tremendously in developed countries. Notwithstanding, it is still a huge challenge in developing countries, especially Sub-Saharan Africa. In 2015 in Nigeria, about 145 women died daily from pregnancy-related causes. Similarly, nearly 2,300 children under 5 years were lost in the same year. Nigeria consistently underperformed in some of the critical pregnancy indicators such as maternal and neonatal mortality, second worst only to India in the world. Studies on poor pregnancy outcomes are scarce in Nigeria. The purpose of this quantitative, retrospective cross-sectional study was to use local evidence to ascertain the risk factors that predict poor …

Acculturation And Diabetes Among New York's Bangladeshi Immigrants, Renee Mehrra

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There are more than 3.4 million South Asians in the United States. Among this subgroup, Bangladeshis in New York have a high prevalence of Type 2 diabetes ranging from 15 to 24% compared to the general population. This study examined the effect of acculturation through length of stay in the United States and understanding of the English language, and the role of gender on self-efficacy (SE) and diabetes self-management among 336 New York Bangladeshi immigrants between the ages of 21 and 75 who had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes with A1C -‰¥ 6.5%, as verified by their medical record …

Child Malnutrition In A Developing Country: A Persistent Challenge In Haiti, Jeanne M. Constant-Edma

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Malnutrition is characterized by the insufficient intake of certain nutrients and the inability of the body to absorb or use these nutrients. This health problem continues to be a persistent challenge among children under 5 years of age in developing countries, including Haiti, despite food aid provided. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between dietary habits in children under 5 years of age in Haiti and their malnutrition status. Community organization theory was used to determine the association between determinants of health such as dietary habits, parents' knowledge and experience, cultural eating habits, socioeconomic status, and …

Preconception Health And Preterm Birth Differences Among U.S.-Born And Foreign-Born Black Women, Sheree Holmes Keitt

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Foreign-born Black women giving birth in the United States have superior preterm birth outcomes compared to their U.S-born Black peers. Many studies have focused on tobacco use and medical risk factors, but few have focused solely on preconception health. The purpose of this study was to examine preconception health and preterm birth differences among U.S.-born and foreign-born Black women. Three theoretical frameworks guided this study: the life course theory, healthy migrant theory/immigrant paradox, and weathering theory. Primary research questions assessed (a) if there were an association between chronic preconception risk factors, prepregnancy obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, in U.S.-born and foreign-born …

Can Online Media-Literacy Education Mitigate The Effects Of A Toxic Media?, Patricia Tefo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Media-literacy education provides a way for people to assess and critically evaluate media images. Traditional media literacy programs have mitigated the negative effects of idealized media imagery such as reduced self-esteem, eating-disordered attitudes, and low body-satisfaction among women. Although education is moving increasingly to online platforms, the potential of media literacy education delivered online has not been evaluated. Based on social comparison and objectification theories, the purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess the comparative efficacy of online and face-to-face media literacy education programs. A quasi-experimental design using pre- and post-media literacy education program questionnaires was used. A mixed-method …

Promotion And Retention Of English Learners (Ells) In An Large Urban School District: A Policy Advocacy Document, Hanan Matari, Ruqia Ali

Dissertations

This policy advocacy document argues for a fair and equitable retention and promotion policy for English language learners (ELLs) in elementary grades of a large urban school district. Increasing access and instructional opportunities within bilingual/ESL services combined with more accurate measures of English proficiency would help mitigate random or unfair promotion and retention practices. A needs analysis was conducted on educational, economic, social, political, and moral-ethical dimensions and arguments made in support of the recommended policy (Browder, 1995). This policy solidifies district accountability for the education of all ELL students by mandating schools provide equal opportunity and access to high-quality …

Body Weight Self-Perceptions And Experiences Of Nigerian Women Immigrants, Fatimah Binta Ali

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Low-income immigrants in the United States experience declining health with increasing length of stay in the country. Their declining health over time has been associated with increased smoking, obesity prevalence, and higher risk for developing diabetes and heart disease. How immigrants perceive their body weight and size, influenced by social interaction, culture, gender, and acculturation is also significant to healthy weight maintenance. Not knowing one's healthy weight could result in body weight misperception and resistance to attaining a healthy weight. The aim of this qualitative study, based on the social constructivist framework, was to understand Nigerian women immigrants' (NWI's) body …

Suffering Self, Minh Phuong Nguyen

True Story

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Model Of Care And Comorbidities On Multiple-Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment In Nigeria, Oluremilekun Comfort Kusimo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a public health problem in several countries such as Angola, India, China, Kenya, and Nigeria. Due to the increasing high burden of MDR-TB, most of these countries do not have adequate capacities to manage MDR-TB patients effectively. This study investigated the effect of model of care; human immunodeficiency virus comorbidity; and demographic factors such as age, gender, and marital status on the treatment outcomes of MDR-TB patients in Nigeria. The study was based on the analysis of secondary data of 402 MDR-TB patients accessed from the data systems of the National Tuberculosis, Buruli Ulcer, and Leprosy …

A Strategy For Empowering Parents In Family Discipleship At The Philadelphia Seventh-Day Adventist Church, Hubert A. Wilkie

Doctor of Ministry Projects

Problem

Although the Bible clearly calls parents to train their children in the faith and pass on faith to the next generation (Deut 6:4-9; Eph 6:4), few parents at the Philadelphia Seventh-day Adventist Church seem to be involved actively in their children's spiritual development. As a result, the way God designed the family to function is being inadvertently abandoned. This apparent lack of faith and values transmission has resulted in a very high attrition rate among our youth, who are usually disengaged by age 15 and leave the church by age 25. This perceived crisis over the dropout rate has …

Synthesis And Evaluation Of Novel Silica Hydride-Based Stationary Phases For Bioanalytical Applications, Seiichiro Watanabe

Master's Theses

Most HPLC columns are packed with silanol (Si-OH)-rich type-B silica that often participates in undesired electrostatic interactions with sample solutes and produces a poor analyte peak shape. These silanols are also known to facilitate the surface hydration required for HILIC mode to retain polar analytes. However, the hydrated surface composition can easily fluctuate, which results in poor reproducibility and requires a lengthy equilibration step. In this study, four novel stationary phases have been developed by using the TYPE-C™ silica material, in which up to 95% of the surface silanols have been replaced with Si-H group. One of the advantages of …

Predicting Black Bear Activity At Backcountry Campsites In Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah, Wesley G. Larson, Tom Smith

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Developing the capacity to predict black bear (Ursus americanus; bear) activity in a diversity of habitats will help conserve bear populations and their habitats and minimize human–bear conflicts. This capacity will be particularly important in areas that provide bear habitat and offer backcountry hiking and camping experiences. Bryce Canyon National Park (BRCA), located on the edge of the Paunsaugunt Plateau in southern Utah, USA, provides important bear habitat and offers visitors 12 backcountry campsites. To effectively manage these areas to minimize human–bear conflicts, park managers will need better information about black bear use of these campsites and other …

Moral Ecology, Disabilities, And Human Agency, Kevin Timpe

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

This paper argues that human agency is not simply a function of intrinsic properties about the agent, but that agency instead depends on the ecology that the agent is in. In particular, the paper examines ways that disabilities affect agency and shows how, by paying deliberate attention to structuring the social environment around people with disabilities, we can mitigate some of the agential impact of those disabilities. The paper then argues that the impact of one’s social environment on agency isn’t restricted only to those agents that have disabilities, but also characterizes all human agency. All of our agency is …

Evaluating The Potential Of Methyl Jasmonate Application As An Agricultural Practice On Phytochemicals In Brassica Vegetables: Sensory Quality, Cooking, And Cost-Benefit Analysis, Yu-Chun Chiu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the United States, Brassica vegetables, including broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala or Brassicae napus var. pabularia), are widely consumed and are easily accessible in farmer’s market or grocery stores with increasing interest of their health-promoting properties. For example, the consumption of broccoli has been associated with anti-cancer activity in in vitro and in vivo trails due to the high content of phytochemicals, minerals, vitamins, and fibers. Application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) has been reported to enhance the potential health-promoting compounds in Brassica vegetables, glucosinolates (GS), especially indolyl GS neoglucobrassicin …

The Pets Act And Beyond: A Critical Examination Of The Pets Act And What The Future Of Disaster Planning And Response For Animals Should Be, Erica Lavoy

Mitchell Hamline Law Journal of Public Policy and Practice

No abstract provided.

Differences In Falls And Recovery From A Slip Based On An Individual’S Lower Extremity Corrective Response, Samuel J. Wilson, Paul T. Donahue, Charles C. Williams, Christopher M. Hill, Jeffrey D. Simpson, Dwight E. Waddell, Jeremy P. Loenneke, Harish Chander, Chip Wade, John C. Garner

Faculty and Student Publications

Copyright (c) the author(s). This is an open access article under CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Background: Slips and falls account for high rates of injury and mortality in multiple populations. The corrective responses during the slip perturbation have been well documented. However, when a fall results from a slip, it is unclear which of these responses were inadequate. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in lower extremity corrective responses of the slip recovery response between individuals who fall and those who recover. Methodology: Sixty-four participants completed this study (32 males & 32 females). Participant’s gait kinematics …

Awareness Of The Recent Change In The Nutrition Label, Olivia Meza, Michael Moh, Molly Camarena

Loma Linda University Research Reports

Background: The Nutrition Facts panel as it is recognized today was developed by Dr. David Kessler in 1994 during his tenure as the commissioner of the FDA. A new label was announced on May 20, 2016 to increase awareness about food content, clarify the amount of food in a package, and to present information that has been recently and scientifically updated. Several studies have researched the food label and the association between knowledge and dietary intake. However, these studies examined the 1994 version of the label and results fell short of desired outcomes. Since the announcement of the new …

Deep Learning Using Convolutional Lstm Estimates Biological Age From Physical Activity, Syed Ashiqur Rahman, Donald A. Adjeroh

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Human age estimation is an important and difcult challenge. Diferent biomarkers and numerous approaches have been studied for biological age estimation, each with its advantages and limitations. In this work, we investigate whether physical activity can be exploited for biological age estimation for adult humans. We introduce an approach based on deep convolutional long short term memory (ConvLSTM) to predict biological age, using human physical activity as recorded by a wearable device. We also demonstrate fve deep biological age estimation models including the proposed approach and compare their performance on the NHANES physical activity dataset. Results on mortality hazard analysis …

Doc 2019-06 Proposal For New Bachelor Of Science In Health Science Degree And Consolidation Of Selected Majors Within The Department Of Health And Sport Science, University Of Dayton. School Of Education And Health Sciences

Senate Documents

Legislative Authority


Rationale for Program:

We propose to establish a Bachelor of Science in Health Science (BSHS) degree in the School of Education and Health Science (SEHS) and Department of Health and Sport Science (HSS). Within this new degree, we propose:

● The creation of a major in Health Science, with multiple concentrations that correspond to our current offerings.
● The transfer of the current baccalaureate degree program in Dietetics to this degree to better align the major with the degree earned

From Sensorimotor Dependencies To Perceptual Practices: Making Enactivism Social, Alejandro Arango

Philosophy Faculty Scholarship

Proponents of enactivism should be interested in exploring what notion of action best captures the type of action–perception link that the view proposes, such that it covers all the aspects in which our doings constitute and are constituted by our perceiving. This article proposes and defends the thesis that the notion of sensorimotor dependencies is insufficient to account for the reality of human perception and that the central enactive notion should be that of perceptual practices. Sensorimotor enactivism is insufficient because it has no traction on socially dependent perceptions (SDPs), which are essential to the role and significance of …

Using Frequency Based Substructuring To Optimize Multi-Axis Resonant Plate Shock Tests, Erica M. Jacobson

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Resonant plate pyroshock tests only offer to test one component axis at a time, while the qualification pyroshock tests often have three single-axis specifications to meet. There is an interest in creating a multi-axis test environment from the single-axis resonant plate parts to save testing time, create a more realistic test environment, and monitor the possibility of an overtest. To investigate this, LaGrange-multiplier frequency based substructuring was implemented to virtually arrange the single-axis resonant plate subsystems into different assembly configurations and mathematically calculate the new assembly dynamics. A shock response spectrum was calculated from the new assembly dynamics through an …

Design Of A Viability Test For Freshwater Prawn Aquaculture Of Two Different Macrobrachium Species In Aneityum, Vanuatu, Cameron Koizumi

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

There is a unique opportunity for freshwater prawn aquaculture on the island of Aneityum in the Republic of Vanuatu. Aneityum has an abundance of fresh water, the streams and rivers on Aneityum are the natural habitat for a freshwater prawn species, Macrobrachium lar, and the people on Aneityum regularly work on projects using communal labor for the benefit of the community. Aneityum also hosts 40 – 120 cruise ships a year, bringing hundreds of thousands of tourists to Aneityum and the nearby islet Mystery Island which creates a readily available market in which to sell freshwater prawns.

The objective …

Misexpression Of Cancer/Testis (Ct) Genes In Tumor Cells And The Potential Role Of Dream Complex And The Retinoblastoma Protein Rb In Soma-To-Germline Transformation, Sabha M. Alhewati

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Misexpression of germline genes like Cancer Testis (CT) genes, called a soma-to-germline transformation, is a phenomenon linked to tumorigenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are poorly understood. A soma-to-germline transformation in Caenorhabditis elegans occurs due to the loss function of the highly conserved DREAM (Dp, Retinoblastoma (Rb)-like, E2F, and MuvB) transcriptional repressor complex. In mammalian cells, the DREAM complex (Muvb core complex, E2F4/5, DP1/2, and p130/p107 proteins), as well as the Retinoblastoma protein (pRb), are implicated in transcriptional repression of cell cycle genes in quiescence or G0. We hypothesize that the expression of CT genes in malignant cells occurs …

Impact Of Quality Attributes Of Topical Products On Their Performance, Purnendu Kumar Sharma

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Topical drug delivery such as creams and emulsions are most widely used in the treatment of skin diseases. It offers advantages such as non-invasiveness, direct drug delivery at the site of action, patient compliance and lower cost of treatment. However, topical formulation development faces challenges in the market in terms of critical evaluation parameters for understanding the effect of manufacturing process variables, the role of excipients and the effect of its compositions and skins buffering capacity. The main objective of the first project was to investigate the effect of different manufacturing process variables which can influence the microstructure thereby understanding …

Consumption Of Health-Related Content On Social Media Among Adolescent Girls: Mixed-Methods Pilot Study, Miriam P. Leary, Emily N. Clegg, Madison E. Santella, Pamela J. Murray, Julie S. Downs, Melissa D. Olfert

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Consumption of health- and fitness-related social media content is a predominant behavior among teenage girls, which puts them at risk for consuming unreliable health-related information.

Objective: This mixed-methods study (qualitative and quantitative) assessed health behavior attitudes and practices as well as social media use among adolescent girls. Additionally, similar practices and behaviors of adults who regularly interact with this population were studied.

Methods: Girls aged 12-18 years were recruited to complete a 28-item survey and participate in a 45- to 60-minute focus group. Adults who regularly interact with adolescent girls, including parents, teachers, and healthcare professionals, were recruited from …

A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Of A Telenutrition Weight Loss Intervention In Middle-Aged And Older Men With Multiple Risk Factors For Cardiovascular Disease, Melissa Ventura Marra, Christa L. Lilly, Kelly R. Nelson, Dominick R. Woofter, James Malone

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Overweight and obesity threaten the health, functionality and quality of life of 77.2% men in West Virginia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a 12-week primary care referred telenutrition weight loss intervention. Fifty-nine 40–70-year-old men with obesity were randomized to either the intervention group (n = 29) or an enhanced usual care (EUC) (n = 30) group. Participants from both groups were prescribed a moderate energy restricted diet (500–750 kcal/day below energy requirements) and provided diet-related educational materials; but, only those in the intervention group received weekly support from a registered dietitian nutritionist …

Soil And Tree Nutrient Status Of High Elevation Mixed Red Spruce (Picea Rubens Sarg.) And Broadleaf Deciduous Forests, Phillip M. Crim, Louis M. Mcdonald, Jonathan R. Cumming

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract: Anthropogenic and industrial emissions have resulted in historically high levels of acidic deposition into central Appalachian forests. Despite the reduction in acidic inputs due to legislation curbing industrial emissions in the United States, continued N deposition may impact forest ecosystems. Soil and foliar samples were collected from four high elevation red spruce sites along a modeled gradient of historic N deposition. The three most abundant tree species at all sites, Acer rubrum L., Betula alleghaniensis Britt., and Picea rubens Sarg., were sampled. Bulk soil beneath the canopies of individual trees were collected from the top 15-cm and separated into …

Characterization And Quantification Of Major Flavonol Glycosides In Ramps (Allium Tricoccum), Wijdan M. Dabeek, Nik Kovinich, Callee Walsh, Melissa Ventura Marra

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The ramp (Allium tricoccum) is a traditional plant in the eastern Appalachian Mountains. Ramps have been used in traditional medicine for their health-promoting roles in lowering blood pressure and cholesterol. Information on the chemical composition of the potentially bioactive components in ramps is limited. Therefore, the aim of this work was to characterize and quantify major flavonols in ramps. Flavonoids were extracted in 50% methanol and 3% acetic acid. Characterization was conducted using UHPLC-PDA-MS and MS/MS, and quantification was performed using UHPLC-PDA detection. The major flavonol glycosides were kaempferol sophoroside glucuronide, quercetin sophoroside glucuronide, kaempferol rutinoside glucuronide, quercetin hexoside glucuronide, …

The Genome Of Broomcorn Millet, Changsong Zou, Leiting Li, Daisuke Miki, Delin Li, Qiming Tang, Lihong Xiao, Santosh Rajput, Ping Deng, Li Peng, Wei Jia, Ru Huang, Meiling Zhang, Yidan Sun, Jiamin Hu, Xing Fu, Patrick S. Schnable, Yuxiao Chang, Feng Li, Hui Zhang, Baili Feng, Xinguang Zhu, Renyi Liu, James C. Schnable, Jian-Kang Zhu, Heng Zhang

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is the most water-efficient cereal and one of the earliest domesticated plants. Here we report its high-quality, chromosome-scale genome assembly using a combination of short-read sequencing, single-molecule real-time sequencing, Hi-C, and a high-density genetic map. Phylogenetic analyses reveal two sets of homologous chromosomes that may have merged ~5.6 million years ago, both of which exhibit strong synteny with other grass species. Broomcorn millet contains 55,930 proteincoding genes and 339 microRNA genes. We find Paniceae-specific expansion in several subfamilies of the BTB (broad complex/tramtrack/bric-a-brac) subunit of ubiquitin E3 ligases, suggesting enhanced regulation of protein dynamics …

Applicability Of The Dual Isotopes Δ15n And Δ18o To Identify Nitrate In Groundwater Beneath Irrigated Cropland, R. F. Spalding, A. J. Hirsh, M. E. Exner, N. A. Little, K. L. Kloppenborg

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Identification of the nitrate sources that adversely impact groundwater quality is a necessary first step in the control of this major worldwide pollutant. The impact of nitrate leachate from urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) (50% urea-N, 25% ammonium-N, 25% nitrate-N) fertilizer, whose use has increased dramatically in the last three decades largely because it can be applied through sprinkler irrigation systems to corn in all growth stages, is investigated. The dual isotopes δ¹⁵N_NO3 and δ¹⁸O_NO3 were measured in groundwater samples from 39 irrigation wells in two intensively sprinkler-irrigated, corn-growing areas of Nebraska with nitrate-contaminated (N …