Digital Commons Network^™

Probing The Gelation Phenomena In Molecular And Seed-Based Gels, Malick Samateh

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The interest in molecular gels has been gaining momentum as evident from being developed for a broad spectrum of applications. This impetus stems from several reasons that include: (i) molecular gels are highly stimuli responsive as they easily respond to thermodynamic changes, disintegrating into well-defined chemicals/building blocks because of the purely physical (in contrast to chemically cross-linked) nature of the interactions holding their 3D networks together; (ii) the sheer abundance of simple small molecules to choose starting materials from and the vast potential of tunability of the low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) make the LMWGs and the molecular gels highly …

The Evolution Of Reproductive Complexity In Fishes, Frieda Benun

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

How does reproductive complexity evolve? In this dissertation, I investigate the evolution of parental investment and mating behavior, using both macro- and microevolutionary lenses. I use fishes, the most diverse group of vertebrates, comprising over 30,000 species, as a model to study the evolution of these traits.

In Chapter 1, I introduce the evolution of parental behaviors in fishes. I present a systematic review of parental care for 294 families (close to 60%) of bony fish and show that male-only care is the predominant form of care in this group. I summarize current theories on parental care, emphasizing external fertilization, …

The Effects Of An Educational Intervention For Caregivers On Their Knowledge Of Child Sleep And Child Sleep Behavior, Rachel Cohen

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Sleep is crucial for optimal development, health, and growth in children. However, current research indicates that children are not receiving adequate sleep and lack of sleep can lead to physical, cognitive, and behavioral problems (i.e., Mindell & Owens. 2003). In addition, improper sleep can have a negative impact on learning (Dewald et al., 2010). One route for children to achieve better sleep is to enhance caregiver knowledge about child sleep (Jan et al., 2008). Prior research on this topic has shown that, although caregiver knowledge can be increased through an intervention, often this knowledge increase is not maintained, nor does …

Advancing Integrated Healthcare: A Step By Step Guide For Primary Care Physicians And Behavioral Health Clinicians, Sarah E. Getch, Robynne M. Lute

Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Cross-Sectional Study Of Knowledge Of Stroke Management Amongst Doctors Of A Tertiary Care Hospital; Peshawar, Pakistan, Muhammad Fozan Khan, Farzana Behttani, Omer Nasim, Muhammad Shahid Iqbal, Sohail Khan, Muhammad Khizar Hayat

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and neurological disability worldwide. ‘Time is brain’ and prompt management of stroke is vital to improve the outcomes. Knowledge of stroke management is important for clinicians working in various specialties and this study focused on evaluation of this vital aspect.

Association Of Fish Oil And Physical Activity On Mobility Disability In Older Adults, Anoop T. Balachandran

Publications and Research

Purpose: This study aimed to examine whether long-term fish oil (FO) supplementation is associated with a lower risk of mobility disability and enhances benefits of physical activity (PA). Methods: A total of 1635 sedentary adults age 70 to 89 yr from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders single-blinded randomized,multicenter clinical trial, which compared a structured PA program to a health education program. Primary outcome was incident major mobility disability (MMD), defined by loss of ability to walk 400 m, measured every 6 months for an average of 2.6 yr. Secondary outcomes included persistent mobility disability, Short Physical Performance Battery, …

Multi-Scale Predictors Of Parasite Risk In Wild Male Savanna Baboons (Papio Cynocephalus), Bobby Habig, David A.W.A.M. Jansen, Mercy Y. Akinyi, Laurence R. Gesquiere, Susan C. Alberts, Elizabeth A. Archie

Publications and Research

Several factors are thought to shape male parasite risk in polygynous and polygynandrous mammals, including male-male competition, investment in potentially immunosuppressive hormones, and dispersal. Parasitism is also driven by processes occurring at larger scales, including host social groups and populations. To date, studies that test parasite-related costs of male behavior at all three scales—individual hosts, social groups, and the host population—remain rare. To fill this gap, we investigated multi-scale predictors of helminth parasitism in 97 male savanna baboons (Papio cynocephalus) living in the Amboseli ecosystem in Kenya over a 5-year span. Controlling for multi-scale processes, we found that many of …

Humanizing Work Requirements For Safety Net Programs, Mary Leto Pareja

Faculty Scholarship

This Article explores the political and policy appeal of work requirements for public benefit programs and concludes that inclusion of such requirements can be a reasonable design choice, but not in their current form. This Article’s proposals attempt to humanize these highly controversial work requirements while acknowledging the equity concerns they are designed to address. Drawing on expansive definitions of “work” found in guidance published by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (“CMS”) and in various state waiver applications, this Article proposes that work requirements be approved for Medicaid (as well as other benefit programs) only if they encompass various …

Lycopodium Clavatum For The Management Of Urolithiasis: A Randomised Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial, Rupali Bhalerao, Oberai Praveen, Pritha Mehra, Yogendra Rai, Gurudev Choubey, Amulya Sahoo, A Majumder, Mahesh Sah, A Gupta

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Urolithiasis is the most common disease of urinary tract found worldwide. There are several approaches for the treatment of urolithiasis that include the use of various synthetic and natural drugs and/or surgery in the conventional system of medicine. Objective: This study was taken up to evaluate the efficacy of Lycopodium clavatum in the management of urolithiasis. Materials and Methods: A multicentric, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. Patients having symptomatology like Lycopodium clavatum were enrolled after screening and repertorisation as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. During acute renal colic, despite group allocation, the patients were either prescribed the …

Memories Of Life On The Farm: Through The Lens Of Pioneer Photographer J. C. Allen, Frederick Whitford, Neal Harmeyer

Purdue University Press Book Previews

John Calvin Allen, professionally known as J. C., worked as a photographer for Purdue University from 1909-1952, and operated his own photography business until his death in 1976. The J. C. Allen photographs represent an historical account of the transition from pioneer practices to scientific methodologies in agriculture and rural communities. During this major transitional period for agriculture, tractors replaced horses, hybrid corn supplanted open-pollinated corn, and soybeans changed from a novelty crop to regular rotation on most farms. During this time, purebred animals with better genetic pedigrees replaced run-of-the-mill livestock, and systematic disease prevention in cattle, swine, and poultry …

The Impact Of Responsive Feeding Practice Training On Teacher Feeding Behaviors In Tribal Early Care And Education: The Fresh Study, Kaysha Sleet, Susan B. Sisson, Dipti Dev, Charlotte Love, Mary B. Williams, Leah A. Hoffman, Valarie Blue Bird Jernigan

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Background: Establishing healthy eating habits early impacts lifelong dietary intake, which has implications for many health outcomes. With children spending time in early care and education (ECE) programs, teachers establish the daytime meal environment through their feeding practices.

Objective: To determine the effect of a teacher-focused intervention to increase responsive feeding practices in two interventions, one focused exclusively on the teacher’s feeding practices and the other focused on both the teacher’s feeding practices and a nutrition classroom curriculum in ECE teachers in a Native American (NA) community in Oklahoma.

Methods: Nine tribally-affiliated ECE programs were randomly assigned to an intervention: …

Stages Of Change, Smoking Behavior And Acceptability Of A Textmessaging Intervention For Tobacco Cessation Among Cigarette, Dokha And Shishasmokers: A Qualitative Research Study, Yusra Elhidaia Elobaid, Andrea Leinberger Jabari, Aisha Al Hamiz, Abdul Rizzak Al Kaddour, Sherif Bakir, Heba Barazi, Elisa Kazim, Scott Sherman, Raghib Ali

All Works

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. To explore: (A) the underlying motivators and barriers to smoking cessation among young Arabic speaking smokers and (B) to examine the suitability and preferences for tobacco cessation interventions (specifically text messages) and study the possibility of enrollment methods for a randomised controlled study using text messages as an intervention for tobacco cessation. Design Qualitative research using focus group discussions and content analysis. Setting(s) Two universities, one of them is the first and foremost comprehensive national university in the United …

Protective Effect Of Alpha Lipoic Acid On Diabetic Nephropathy In Rats, Samar Yabes

Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal

Objective: To evaluate the protective role of alpha lipoic acid in rats affected with experimentally-induced diabetes and secondarily complicated with nephropathy. Design: Randomized controlled study. Animals: Forty-eight Sprague Dawley rats. Procedures: Rats were allocated randomly into four groups (12 each); Control rats (Group 1); alpha lipoic acid (ALA) supplemented rats (Group 2); rats with induced diabetic nephropathy (Group 3), and rats with diabetic nephropathy and supplemented with alpha lipoic acid (Group 4). After one month of experimental induction, serum, plasma and renal tissue samples were harvested to determine glycemic status, renal damage markers, antioxidant status, oxidative and nitrosative stress markers, …

Identifying Menarcheal Age And Its Association With Body Mass Index In Young Saudi Females, Nazish Rafique, Mona H. Alsheikh

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To explore the relationship of menarcheal age with body mass index (BMI), to find mean menarcheal age in Saudi population and compare it with global data, and to create awareness in health science students on harmful effects of obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out between February 2015 and February 2016 on 744 health sciences students of Immam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia aged 18-21 years. Weight and height was measured, and subjects were categorized into 2 groups on the basis of BMI: normal and underweight (BMI ≤24.9), and over weight and obese (BMI ≥25). The data …

World Hunger Is Still Not Going Down After Three Years And Obesity Is Still Growing – Un Report

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Introduction, Ezra Rosser

Contributions to Books

This is the introduction to Holes in the Safety Net: Federalism and Poverty (Ezra Rosser ed., Cambridge University Press, 2019). The table of contents for the book, with links to the other chapters, can be found below: Introduction (this document) Ezra Rosser Part I: Welfare and Federalism Ch. 1 Federalism, Entitlement, and Punishment across the US Social Welfare State Wendy Bach Ch. 2 Laboratories of Suffering: Toward Democratic Welfare Governance Monica Bell, Andrea Taverna, Dhruv Aggarwal, and Isra Syed Ch. 3 The Difference in Being Poor in Red States versus Blue States Michele Gilman Part II: States, Federalism, and Antipoverty …

Tungsten Is Essential For Long-Term Maintenance Of Members Of Candidate Archaeal Genus Aigarchaeota Group 4, Joshua Robert Reyes Dimapilis

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Aigarchaeota, a deeply branching archaeal lineage with no cultivated representatives, is found in geothermal and hydrothermal systems worldwide and consists of at least 9 genus-level groups, each predicted to have diverse metabolic capabilities. This candidate archaeal phylum is part of the TACK superphylum, members of which possess eukaryotic-signature proteins, thus suggesting that they may represent evolutionary steps along the way to the genesis of the first eukaryotic cells. Cultivating members of Aigarchaeota would elucidate how eukaryotes arose in evolutionary history and provide biotechnological applications. Aigarchaeota Group 4 (AigG4), one genus in Aigarchaeota, was previously found to be abundant in corn …

Role Of Dietary Flavonoid Compounds In Driving Patterns Of Microbial Community Assembly, Kerry L. Ivey, Andrew T. Chan, Jacques Izard, Aedin Cassidy, Geraint B. Rogers, Eric B. Rimm

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic dietary compounds found in many different plant-based foods. There is increasing evidence that higher flavonoid intake may be causally linked to a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases. The bioactivity and bioavailability of many dietary flavonoids can be influenced by gastrointestinal microbiome metabolism. However, the role that habitual flavonoid intake plays in shaping the human gut microbiome is poorly understood. We describe an application of an ecosystem-based analytic approach to nutritional, microbiome, and questionnaire data from a cohort of more than 240 generally healthy adult males to assess the role of …

In This Issuesystematic Revieworiginal Articlescase Report

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between The Nutritional Status And Sleep Quality Of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation, Şeyma Şengül, Hilal Uysal

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between the nutritional status and sleep quality in patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation as a cross-sectional correlational research. Methods: This cross-sectional correlational research was carried out with 108 patients between December 2017 and March 2018 who were admitted to the cardiology services of 2 different universities, diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and agreed to participate. Data collection was performed using internationally valid scales in order to evaluate the relationship between the nutritional status and sleep quality of patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. Results: Of the patients, 47.2% were men and 52.8% were women. Most of them …

Diagnostic Performance Of Eruption Stages For Identification Of Skeletal Maturity, Reem A. Alansari

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To investigated the diagnostic performance of circumpubertal eruption stages which identify skeletal maturity stages using the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method in a Saudi population. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. Lateral cephalograms, panoramic radiographs, and intraoral pictures of 600 orthodontic patients (284 boys, 316 girls) who met inclusion criteria were assessed. Records were retrieved between January 2016 and April 2018. The diagnostic performance of eruption stages for identifying skeletal maturity was tested with positive likelihood ratios (LHR+). Results: Prevalence of each CVM stage in the eruption stages was reported. For every eruption stage, LHR+ was reported in …

Are Physicians Help Ing Cancer Survivors Live Heal Thy Lives?

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Aspirin May Interact With Cells’ Dna Modifications To Alter Breast Cancer Outcomes

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Borderplex Business Barometer, Volume 3, Number 9, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton, Ana Gutierrez Zubiate, Ignacio Santana

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

Research Symposium 2019 - Health Disparities: Community Engagement, The University Of Texas Rio Grande Valley. School Of Medicine

School of Medicine Publications

With the theme of “Health Disparities: Community Engagement,” this symposium aims to showcase the work done by researchers here in the Valley and beyond toward improving the health and well-being of the communities they serve and society as a whole.

Preventing Delirium Takes A Village: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Delirium Preventive Models Of Care, Ariba Khan, Olga Boukrina, Mooyeon Oh-Park, Nina A. Flanagan, Maharaj Singh, K Oldham

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

BACKGROUND

Each hospital day of delirium incurs greater healthcare costs, higher levels of care, greater staff burden, and higher complication rates. Accordingly, administrators are incentivized to identify models of care that reduce delirium rates and associated costs.

PURPOSE

We present a systematic review and meta-analysis of delirium prevention models of care.

DATA SOURCES

Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EMBASE, and PsycINFO.

STUDY SELECTION

Eligible models of care were defined as provider-oriented interventions involving revision of professional roles, multidisciplinary teams, and service integration. Included studies implemented multidomain, multicomponent interventions, used a validated delirium instrument, and enrolled a control …

Improving Recognition And Reporting Of Adverse Drug Reactions In The Nicu: A Quality Improvement Project., Betsy Cammack, Alexandra Oschman, Tamorah R. Lewis Md Phd

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are under-recognized and under-reported in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) population, with up to 95% of all ADRs not reported. Compared with non-elderly adults, pediatric patients are 3 times more likely to experience an ADR, with varying rates from 0.6% to 16.8%. The Children's Mercy NICU has an ADR rate of 0.29% (2015). This high rate presents an opportunity to increase recognition and reporting, and improve characterization of ADRs in the NICU.

Methods: The primary aim of this quality improvement project was for 70% of patients who received specified medications (indomethacin, dexmedetomidine, fentanyl, lorazepam, dexamethasone, …

A Savior With A Sword: The Power Of A Fuller Scriptural Picture Of Christ, Kerry Muhlestein

Religious Educator: Perspectives on the Restored Gospel

We have been counseled to draw the power of Christ into our lives and to “begin by learning about him.”¹ The Savior himself commands us, “Learn of me” (Doctrine and Covenants 19:23; Matthew 11:29). In fact, coming to know both God and Christ is a necessary part of receiving eternal life ( John 17:3). Many of our students will naturally conclude that to learn about Jesus Christ they should study the Gospels. While this is necessary, it is not sufficient if we are to come to know who our Savior and Redeemer truly is and thus draw on his …

Federal Regulatory Responses To The Prescription Opioid Crisis: Too Little, Too Late?, Lars Noah

Utah Law Review

Part I of this Article suggests that the medical establishment shares more blame for the crisis than many commentators seem to appreciate. Part II canvasses a variety of ways in which the federal government has responded to the opioid problem during the last few years before delving more deeply into the FDA’s role in the mess, assessing the different tools that it has tried to use as well as some that it failed to employ. This Article concludes that the agency should have allowed only a narrowly defined subset of physicians to prescribe opioid analgesics, even though the medical community …

Evaluation Of Chilling Efficiency, Meat Tenderness, And Microbial Analysis Of Broiler Carcasses Using Sub-Zero Saline Solutions, Samira Viliani

Master's Theses

The poultry industry is seeking an advanced chilling system that can improve chilling efficiency, microbial safety, and water consumption without compromising meat quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sub-zero saline chilling methods on chilling efficiency, breast fillet tenderness and microbial reduction of broiler carcasses. Following evisceration and rinsing, broiler carcasses were randomly assigned to one of three chilling solutions: 1) 0% salt or ice water control (0% NaCl/0.5^oC), 2) 3% salt (3% NaCl/-1.8^oC), and 3) 4% salt (4% NaCl/-2.41^oC) solutions. Broiler carcasses in sub-zero saline solutions reached the …