Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (2024)
- Arts and Humanities (1872)
- Education (1612)
- Linguistics (548)
- Law (514)
-
- Medicine and Health Sciences (408)
- English Language and Literature (374)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (342)
- Psychology (290)
- Sociology (290)
- Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education (289)
- Teacher Education and Professional Development (283)
- Religion (264)
- Curriculum and Instruction (263)
- Computer Sciences (253)
- Language and Literacy Education (242)
- Communication (240)
- Higher Education (236)
- History (221)
- Library and Information Science (177)
- Philosophy (167)
- Anthropology (163)
- International and Area Studies (161)
- Business (156)
- Engineering (151)
- Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies (147)
- Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research (126)
- Reading and Language (124)
- Educational Methods (123)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (122)
- Institution
-
- Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan (264)
- Nova Southeastern University (237)
- Brigham Young University (215)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (209)
- University of New Mexico (132)
-
- Butler University (122)
- Walden University (118)
- Georgia Southern University (110)
- San Jose State University (108)
- Portland State University (101)
- Ohio University (96)
- University of South Florida (96)
- Singapore Management University (94)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (85)
- Western Michigan University (85)
- Chulalongkorn University (82)
- University of South Carolina (80)
- Liberty University (77)
- University of Montana (74)
- Utah State University (68)
- University of Central Florida (67)
- Technological University Dublin (64)
- Edith Cowan University (61)
- Purdue University (61)
- University of Mississippi (61)
- Universitas Indonesia (59)
- University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (58)
- Hamline University (57)
- Clemson University (55)
- Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing (53)
- Keyword
-
- Linguistics (200)
- None (114)
- Education (105)
- Language (89)
- Culture (65)
-
- English (59)
- Georgia Southern University (59)
- Identity (48)
- Literacy (47)
- Gender (46)
- Translation (42)
- Social media (39)
- Children (38)
- Linguistics News (38)
- History (37)
- Poetry (37)
- Writing (36)
- Reading (35)
- Spanish (35)
- Teacher education (34)
- Technology (34)
- Higher education (31)
- Machine learning (31)
- Race (30)
- Rhetoric (30)
- Assessment (29)
- Music (29)
- Communication (28)
- Diversity (28)
- ESL/ ELLs (28)
- Publication
-
- Theses and Dissertations (277)
- JADARA (134)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (124)
- Faculty Publications (119)
- Dissertations (109)
-
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (106)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (103)
- Word Ways (103)
- Scientific journal of the Fergana State University (86)
- Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD) (74)
- Philology Matters (70)
- All Forum Articles (68)
- Central Asian Problems of Modern Science and Education (67)
- USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations (59)
- Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) (57)
- The Qualitative Report (57)
- Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems (54)
- Publications and Research (53)
- Faculty Scholarship (51)
- Neutrosophic Sets and Systems (48)
- Doctoral Dissertations and Projects (44)
- School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects (44)
- Honors Theses (41)
- Articles (38)
- Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations (35)
- Masters Theses (35)
- Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences (33)
- Open Access Theses & Dissertations (33)
- Master's Theses (32)
- Theses (32)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 2281 - 2310 of 7385
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Evaluation Of Search Engines Using Advanced Search Technique: A Comparative Analysis Of Yahoo And Bing, Irfan Ul Haq Akhoon
Evaluation Of Search Engines Using Advanced Search Technique: A Comparative Analysis Of Yahoo And Bing, Irfan Ul Haq Akhoon
Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)
Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to evaluate the performance and efficiency of the two most used search engines after Google, i.e. Yahoo & Bing in retrieving internet resources at specific points of time using advance search techniques on single and double word queries.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study starts from an investigation of existing methodologies for evaluating search engines in order to find out the most important factors to decide which search engine to use when searching the World Wide Web. In order to examine retrieval efficiency of a search engine on the bases of various laid parameters like, coverage …
Medieval Posthumanism: Embodiment And Gendered Cyborgs In Alex Garland’S Ex Machina And Chaucer’S The Pardoner’S Tale, Amanda Fawcett
Medieval Posthumanism: Embodiment And Gendered Cyborgs In Alex Garland’S Ex Machina And Chaucer’S The Pardoner’S Tale, Amanda Fawcett
Undergraduate Project Award
Amanda Fawcett’s Honors Thesis project is a deftly woven analysis of Alex Garland’s Ex Machina film and Chaucer’s The Pardoner’s Tale as storytelling that critiques and challenges our concepts of gendered bodies. Drawing from medievalism, postmodernism, philosophy, and film theory, Amanda examines Western concepts of dualism and cyborg technologies as ways to explore “the territories between male and female, denaturalizing the expectations for the manifestation of gender on the body” (Fawcett, 15). She takes a creative, exploratory, and thorough approach to research, organizing diverse sources in order to place them in conversation with each other. Dr. Kate Koppelman (English), her …
July 11, 2019 Faculty Senate Minutes, University Of South Carolina
July 11, 2019 Faculty Senate Minutes, University Of South Carolina
Faculty Senate
No abstract provided.
Are We At A Watershed Moment For The Quantitative Literacy Movement?: Review Of Shifting Context, Stable Core: Advancing Quantitative Literacy In Higher Education, By Luke Tunstall, Gizem Karaali, And Victor Piercey, Eds., Maura Mast
Numeracy
Luke Tunstall, Gizem Karaali, and Victor Piercey, eds. 2019. Shifting Concepts, Stable Core: Advancing Quantitative Literacy in Higher Education. Math Notes 88. (Mathematics Association of America, MAA Press). Print ISBN 978-0-88385-198-2. Electronic ISBN 978-1-61444-324-7.
The thematic approach of the edited MAA Notes volume Shifting Contexts, Stable Core: Advancing Quantitative Literacy in Higher Education is that the “construct” of quantitative literacy is now fairly stable, but the contexts in which quantitative literacy is taught (and practiced) continue to change. Several chapters give the reader much to consider regarding what constitutes the foundation of this stable core and, relatedly, how quantitative …
Cape Verdean Theatre: Enacting Political Theory And Reclaiming Roots For Crioulo Performance, Eunice S. Ferreira
Cape Verdean Theatre: Enacting Political Theory And Reclaiming Roots For Crioulo Performance, Eunice S. Ferreira
Journal of Cape Verdean Studies
Shining a spotlight on the Cape Verde Islands illuminates the rich diversity of theatre of the African diaspora and places its unique crioulo identity and creole identities in general, center stage. This article focuses on the post-independence theatre movement in Cape Verde where the re-Africanization theories of Amílcar Cabral (assassinated PAIGC leader in Cape Verde’s liberation struggle) shaped national identity and guided the pioneering work of theatre troupe Korda Kaoberdi (Wake up, Cape Verde). Under the dynamic leadership of Francisco Gomes Fragoso, a medical doctor who adopted the artistic name of Kwame Kondé, the troupe Korda Kaoberdi sought to create …
Affect & Race/(Blackness), Colin Patrick Ashley, Michelle Billies
Affect & Race/(Blackness), Colin Patrick Ashley, Michelle Billies
Publications and Research
We question the question of affect and race as one that has already built itself upon blackness and anti-blackness, such that the question a priori for an affect theory seeking to address race, we argue, is that of black ontology. We first examine various works in affect theory that theorize race through new mechanisms of discourse, works that theorize interpersonal and emotive affects, and works that have contributed to a biopolitical understanding of race, affect, and assemblage. Delving deeper into a Deleuzian legacy of affect as capacity we assert that the theoretical works of afro-pessimism and black optimism (as black …
Intercultural Health Certificate Designed To Increase Linguistic And Cultural Competence In Undergraduate Health Field Majors, Barbara Derose, Rosa Tezanos-Pinto, Silvia M. Bigatti
Intercultural Health Certificate Designed To Increase Linguistic And Cultural Competence In Undergraduate Health Field Majors, Barbara Derose, Rosa Tezanos-Pinto, Silvia M. Bigatti
International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)
This presentation illustrates how an intercultural health certificate program provides the opportunity for healthcare students to hone necessary cultural and language skills prior to joining the workforce.
Maternal Outcomes In English-Speaking And Non-English-Speaking Women In New England, Katharine A. Green
Maternal Outcomes In English-Speaking And Non-English-Speaking Women In New England, Katharine A. Green
International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)
Maternal outcomes may vary by maternal language and type of care provider. This research utilized secondary analysis of labor and delivery records to show that maternal language and type of care provider had a significant effect on maternal outcomes during labor and delivery.
Nursing Education Approaches To Enhance The Inter- And Intra-Cultural Competence Of Nurses Serving In Africa, Linda Govere
Nursing Education Approaches To Enhance The Inter- And Intra-Cultural Competence Of Nurses Serving In Africa, Linda Govere
International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)
The inter- and intra-cultural diversity among Africans is greater than the rest of the world. It is imperative that the nurses who choose to serve in Africa be inter- and intra-culturally competent. This presentation provides nursing education approaches to enable the foreign nurses to provide inter-and intra-culturally competent care.
Regimes Theory’ As An Approach To Understanding Educational Cooperation In Caricom And Commonwealth Countries, Tavis D. Jules
Regimes Theory’ As An Approach To Understanding Educational Cooperation In Caricom And Commonwealth Countries, Tavis D. Jules
Education: School of Education Faculty Publications and Other Works
This article discusses the implication of soft diplomacy in education, in the form of educational cooperation, for the governance of regimes. In drawing upon regime theory, it suggests that the Commonwealth should be viewed as a regime, and its survival is partly dependent upon how it uses educational cooperation to coordinate its functional areas, such as education. Moreover, educational cooperation at the transnational level is different from traditional South-South cooperation in that it is based on the coordination of hierarchic mechanisms. In drawing lessons from the experiences of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) project and extending them to the Commonwealth project, …
Sub-Creating Arda (2019), Edited By Dimitra Fimi And Thomas Honegger, Dennis Wilson Wise
Sub-Creating Arda (2019), Edited By Dimitra Fimi And Thomas Honegger, Dennis Wilson Wise
Journal of Tolkien Research
Book review by Dennis Wilson Wise of Sub-creating Arda (2019), edited by Dimitra Fimi and Thomas Honegger
Introducing Maa Notes #88: Shifting Contexts, Stable Core: Advancing Quantitative Literacy In Higher Education, Samuel L. Tunstall, Gizem Karaali, Victor Piercey
Introducing Maa Notes #88: Shifting Contexts, Stable Core: Advancing Quantitative Literacy In Higher Education, Samuel L. Tunstall, Gizem Karaali, Victor Piercey
Numeracy
Tunstall, Samuel, Gizem Karaali, and Victor Piercey, eds. 2019. Shifting Contexts, Stable Core: Advancing Quantitative Literacy in Higher Education (Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America) 258 pp. ISBN 978-1614443247.
This brief essay introduces readers to Shifting Contexts, Stable Core: Advancing Quantitative Literacy in Higher Education, a new edited volume published by the Mathematical Association of America. We begin by describing the story behind the volume, and then outline its four major parts: "A Bird’s Eye View," "Curriculum for Quantitative Literacy," "Quantitative Literacy in an Institutional Context," and "Perspectives from the Quantitative Literacy Community." We end with an excerpt from …
Roots And Seeds: Finding Our Place In The Social Practice Nexus That Is Quantitative Literacy, H. L. Vacher, Nathan D. Grawe
Roots And Seeds: Finding Our Place In The Social Practice Nexus That Is Quantitative Literacy, H. L. Vacher, Nathan D. Grawe
Numeracy
The purpose of our new Roots and Seeds feature is to provide an open-access space to archive first-hand accounts of QL activities that have preceded our journal (2008). The first two contributions in the collection appeared last issue: Linda Sons on the making of what has come to be known as the 1994 Sons Report (Mathematics Association of America), and Dorothy Wallace on her path to the Quantitative Literacy Design Team for Mathematics and Democracy (2001), and the questions that bedeviled them then – and us now. In this issue, we get Rick Gillman’s account of how the committee that …
Footnotes:Summer Reading 2019, Bob Turner
Footnotes:Summer Reading 2019, Bob Turner
Footnotes: Curated Resources for Ministers
No abstract provided.
When Rabbits Lead To Ideas: Inspiring Design By Retelling Stories Through Metaphors, Ozge Merzali Celikoglu
When Rabbits Lead To Ideas: Inspiring Design By Retelling Stories Through Metaphors, Ozge Merzali Celikoglu
Learn X Design Conference Series
This article proposes a method that utilizes expressive narratives to inspire design, especially in the conceptualization process leading to design ideas. In this method, expressive narratives need to be deconstructed by designers through the identification of metaphors. These metaphors are then examined to discover the concepts they embody. While interpreting the metaphors the designers try to find alternative representations referring to the same concepts by creating generative metaphors, which open up new ways of looking at the situation by defining new connections. Eventually, the proposed method assists designers particularly in the development of coherent scenarios, abstraction and re-contextualization of objects, …
Inter-Semiotic Translation In Intercultural Communication Design, Shaima B.A Elbardawil
Inter-Semiotic Translation In Intercultural Communication Design, Shaima B.A Elbardawil
Learn X Design Conference Series
In the late nineteenth century, as new technologies, social needs and commercial opportunities emerged in industrialised societies, communication design evolved in line with them. The massive development of mass media and mass communication brought on by cultural globalisation created various levels of complexity for communication design. Understanding the different kinds of translation that take place between cultures, languages and systems will improve the comprehensiveness, quality and inclusivity of communication in multicultural contexts. This in turn demands new knowledge, competencies and skills that will allow designers to create inclusive intercultural communications to serve the current societal and cultural needs of audiences. …
Rapid Development Of Materials Experience Through Active Learning, Owain Pedgley
Rapid Development Of Materials Experience Through Active Learning, Owain Pedgley
Learn X Design Conference Series
In recent years, initiatives have been made to transition materials and design teaching from a predominantly lecture-based and engineering-dominated subject to one that is more practical and nurturing of experiential knowledge. These initiatives have been sparked by the ever-growing body of research into materials experience and the characterization of materials as an influencer of user experiences. This paper contributes to the dissemination of tools and techniques that can bring teaching and learning of materials experience alive within a design curriculum. It presents the rationale and description of a structured activity entitled Material Love-Hate, specifically developed as a means for students …
Evidence-Based Education: International Collaborations To Address The Global Nursing Faculty Shortage, Jeanette Mcneill, Faye I. Hummel, Katrina Einhellig, Kathleen Dunemn, Alison Merrill
Evidence-Based Education: International Collaborations To Address The Global Nursing Faculty Shortage, Jeanette Mcneill, Faye I. Hummel, Katrina Einhellig, Kathleen Dunemn, Alison Merrill
International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)
Addressing the global nursing faculty shortage, particularly acute in developing countries, an evidence based collaboration between US and Vietnamese universities provided a hybrid master's program in Vietnam. The program benefits future nursing education but also thesis projects improve health care in Vietnam.
Indigenous Mental Health And Addictions In Canada With Comparisons To Australia And Globally, Arlene E. Kent-Wilkinson
Indigenous Mental Health And Addictions In Canada With Comparisons To Australia And Globally, Arlene E. Kent-Wilkinson
International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)
Indigenous people of Canada have faced a unique set of mental health and addiction challenges similar to Australia. Despite these challenges, many communities have done well. The most effective theoretical models and treatment approaches will be identified with a timeline of government policies, health care reports, and educational initiatives.
Bundles Of Spatial Ingredients: Designing Through The Prototype, Martina Sciannamè, Barbara Di Prete
Bundles Of Spatial Ingredients: Designing Through The Prototype, Martina Sciannamè, Barbara Di Prete
Learn X Design Conference Series
Learning by doing has proven its efficacy in the educational field and, in this context, prototypes may play a key role. If used in an active way, provocatively diverging from their representative function design models can lead to different and lateral thinking modalities. They can provide inspiration for unpredictable paths and, potentially, innovation. A similar approach towards the purpose of prototypes in the design process has already been undertaken by professionals, from renowned Italian designers to contemporary architects. Yet, this contribution is based on a daring contamination from literature experimenters whose methods originate from strict and almost absurd rules. Their …
Educating Designers In Virtual Space: A Description Of Hybrid Studios, Andreas Lanig, Bärbel Kühne
Educating Designers In Virtual Space: A Description Of Hybrid Studios, Andreas Lanig, Bärbel Kühne
Learn X Design Conference Series
Little is known about how design learners experience competence development in alternative, hybrid design studios. The research reported here explored the development of learners’ competences in distance design education in a longitudinal qualitative study. Learner biographies were recorded through repeated interviews and analysed using a narrative, grounded theory approach. The paper discusses emergent themes such as phases in development, roles of learner autonomy and learning groups, crisis situations, and expert dialogue. It presents the hybrid studio as an intersection of internal and external factors in distance design learning. The paper goes on to suggest a taxonomy of virtual design learning, …
Impossible Design: Fostering Creativity By Quick And Dirty Prototyping, Gabriela Gómez, Ricardo Lopez-Leon
Impossible Design: Fostering Creativity By Quick And Dirty Prototyping, Gabriela Gómez, Ricardo Lopez-Leon
Learn X Design Conference Series
In this paper, we will present the results of challenging students into designing impossible artifacts using quick and dirty prototyping. We have worked during 2017 and 2018 school years with three different groups of students of the Industrial Design undergraduate program. The challenge was to imagine how living would be in a house in the year 2050. Results show that imagining living in a near future triggers imagination of impossible scenarios. Also, working with a limited time to complete the challenge using quick and dirty prototyping allows the students to think less and skip the early phases of the design …
Mediating Cultural Values In A Multimedia Installation, Mauro Ceconello, Davide Spallazzo
Mediating Cultural Values In A Multimedia Installation, Mauro Ceconello, Davide Spallazzo
Learn X Design Conference Series
This paper sets out approaches and trends in interactive and smart solutions designed to use a multimedia educational approach to foster and promote CH. In the field of cultural heritage, museums and exhibitions, try to facilitate learning by encouraging visitors to interact directly and physically with the heritage on display, and current research seeks to identify engaging strategies and means to communicate cultural messages. Through the interactions between the user and different media and their narrative potentialities, we describe an installation which allows visitors to meet a life-sized simulated hologram and interact with it. The project is set in the …
Representation And Context Based Design Process: Studio Education Re-Investigated, İpek Akpinar, Canan Ganiç
Representation And Context Based Design Process: Studio Education Re-Investigated, İpek Akpinar, Canan Ganiç
Learn X Design Conference Series
In architectural education, imparting of stationary knowledge, which establish the space only as physically, is insufficient to achieve the skill that will enable the architect to find solutions to the problems that are encountered in the future. In that case, to perceive the space both tangibly and intangibly, a trans-disciplinary milieu is required to acquire the derivable knowledge and create a setting of debate and criticism over that acquired knowledge. What might be methods and approaches that can stimulate and re-shape thought, encourage curiosity to acquire creative and critical knowledge in the architectural design studio? How can new experiences and …
Translational Aspects Of Basic Design Exercises, Sarah Klein, Michael Renner
Translational Aspects Of Basic Design Exercises, Sarah Klein, Michael Renner
Learn X Design Conference Series
Among other things, translation is defined as “carrying something across”. With this interpretation, derived from the etymological root of the term, translation is not exclusively bound to the linguistic context. Therefore, a comparison between aspects of translation theory and the transfer of meaning in basic design exercises can be justified. Understanding linguistic translation as an act of cultural negotiation, raises the question to what extent basic design exercises reach across cultural constraints in transferring experience between design teachers and students. With other words: are basic design exercises transferring universal design principles or are they culturally determined the way language is? …
Visualisation Method Toolkit: A Shared Vocabulary To Face Complexity, Chiara L. Remondino, Paolo Tamborrini, Wouter Meys
Visualisation Method Toolkit: A Shared Vocabulary To Face Complexity, Chiara L. Remondino, Paolo Tamborrini, Wouter Meys
Learn X Design Conference Series
With companies, universities, individuals or entire departments, concerning practical, theoretical, simply partnership or open innovation, today, promoting open dialogue, constant interdisciplinary collaboration is a challenge that still meets some resistance. Learning to deal with complexity, with the coexistence of different points of view, learning to work in more heterogeneous teams, in relation to know-how combined in new, sometimes original and challenging formulations, brings with its particular needs. From the importance of a language and a shared vocabulary to the ever-increasing need to work on tools and not just applications, from the constant promotion of collaboration and contamination between different backgrounds …
Qualities Of Design Briefs For Studio Learning, Ricardo Sosa
Qualities Of Design Briefs For Studio Learning, Ricardo Sosa
Learn X Design Conference Series
The design brief is considered a pivotal component in studio-based learning, yet there is a paucity of studies on the student brief genre in design education research. This work seeks to contribute by examining brief qualities from a variety of relevant sources that can help tertiary educators name, define, frame, evaluate, and present student briefs. The paper draws from the scant but growing academic literature on this topic, as well as from textbooks and publications on professional practice and design competitions. A dozen qualities are articulated from the literature that shape the purpose, content and context of briefs. Of special …
Willingness To Pay Of Nigerian Poultry Producers And Feed Millers For Aflatoxin-Safe Maize, Andrew M. Johnson, Tahirou Abdoulaye, Bamikole Ayedun, Joan R. Fulton, Nicole Olynk Widmar, Akande Adebowale, Ranajit Bandyopadhyay, Victor Manyong
Willingness To Pay Of Nigerian Poultry Producers And Feed Millers For Aflatoxin-Safe Maize, Andrew M. Johnson, Tahirou Abdoulaye, Bamikole Ayedun, Joan R. Fulton, Nicole Olynk Widmar, Akande Adebowale, Ranajit Bandyopadhyay, Victor Manyong
Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications
Dietary aflatoxin exposure is a widespread problem in the developing world and causes severe negative health consequences to humans and livestock animals. A new biological control product, called Aflasafe, has been introduced in Nigeria to mitigate aflatoxin contamination of maize in the field and in storage. No known prior work has estimated how much African agribusinesses using maize for animal feed will pay for aflatoxin-safe maize. This study measured the levels of Aflasafe awareness, surveyed current aflatoxin management practices, and estimated, using choice experiments, willingness to pay (WTP) for aflatoxin-safe maize by Nigerian poultry producers and feed millers. Data was …
Acknowledging The Genealogical: A Deleuzian Hermeneutics Of Narrated Identity, Dietger S. De Maeseneer
Acknowledging The Genealogical: A Deleuzian Hermeneutics Of Narrated Identity, Dietger S. De Maeseneer
Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs
The purpose of this paper is to express the vast scope of identity literature into a practical hermeneutical framework through which to interpret both my personal identity claims and experiences and those of five individuals in New Mexico. Furthermore, it investigates the impact of such framework on educational leadership. Referring back to the work Deleuze and Guattarri (1987), I explore identity ontologically through the three lines (the line of flight, the molecular line, and the molar line) and place these within a horizontally interpreted concentric circle diagram. The line of flight symbolizes the immanent characterized by pure difference and Ideas, …
A Dialectical Relational Analysis Of Tesol Quarterly 2006 Special Issue On Race: Discourse, Race, And White Supremacist Ideology, Ginger A. Looney
A Dialectical Relational Analysis Of Tesol Quarterly 2006 Special Issue On Race: Discourse, Race, And White Supremacist Ideology, Ginger A. Looney
Language, Literacy, and Sociocultural Studies ETDs
Although the field of TESOL is not racially neutral this dialectical relational analysis examined (1) what discourses did the authors use to deploy race in the articles in the 2006 TESOL Quarterly Special Issue on Race (TQSIR)? and (2) how do these discourses work to either conform to, or resist white supremacist ideology? Analysis of the texts identified four key discourse: racialization, whiteness, emotional labor of racism, and sonic and optic negation of racism. These discourses were examined in the domains of scholarship, curriculum, teachers, and students. In 21 instances, these four discourses work to resist white supremacist ideology. …