Digital Commons Network^™

Crop Pests, Control Measures And Potential Impacts In Kihansi Catchment Area, Beatrice Pallangyo, K. Mdily, C. Mkondo, A. Kibola

Tanzania Journal of Science

A baseline survey which covered 349 households in Bomang’ombe and Masisiwe (Kilolo district), Kibengu and Mapanda (Mufindi district) and Chita and Chisano (Kilombero district) was conducted to identify major pests, control measures and potential impacts in Kihansi catchment area. Maize was the most predominant crop being cultivated by 55% of the total respondents in all the study districts. Pests and diseases were the major constraints to crop production, whereby cereal stem borers were the most serious pests being reported by 88.2% of respondents. Application of synthetic pesticides was the major pest control measure, being applied by 66% of the respondents. …

Understorey Bird Communities 8 And 18 Years After River Diversion In Kihansi Gorge, Udzungwa Mountains In The Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania, Chacha Werema, Charles A. Msuya

Tanzania Journal of Science

On the most south-western slopes of the Udzungwa Mountains in Tanzania lies Kihansi River. The river was diverted underground in 2000 to run electric turbines for electricity generation. Using mist netting, pre-diversion (in 1998 and 1999) and short term post-diversion (in 2001) effects of the river diversion on understorey birds were undertaken before and year after river diversion, respectively. Intermediate and long-term effects of river diversion on understorey birds at the same transects are non-existent. In September 2008 and August and September 2018, using mist nets, birds were surveyed at the same transects  to assess whether or not there have …

Land Use–Land Cover Change And Implication To Biodiversity In Kihansi Catchment, Phillip K. Mwanukuzi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Land cover-land use (LC-LU) change has significant impact on wetland ecosystem. This study examined the impacts of LC-LU change on spray wetland ecology at Kihansi Gorge and implications to conservation of fragile biodiversity. Remote sensing methods were used to asses land cover changes from 1990 to 2015 and to forecast change in 2035. It was revealed that forests decreased from 28,454 to 10,897 ha and woodland from 26,903 to 19,914 ha. In 1990, woody cover dominated with a total cover of 38% of the entire catchment. The cropland that included grassland and bushland with scattered crops has been on the …

Personality, Polyculturalism, And Cultural Intelligence: A Cross-Cultural Survey Study, Allan B. I. Bernardo

Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia

The ability to function effectively in intercultural contexts is increasingly important in our globalized world. This ability has been conceptualized as cultural intelligence (or CQ), and many studies have focused on the factors associated with high CQ. The present study explored personality traits and the lay theory of polyculturalism as factors that predict CQ in two cultural groups (300 Chinese, 247 Filipinos) of university students. The respondents completed a questionnaire that included scales measuring the Big Five personality factors, polyculturalism, and CQ. Hierarchical regression analyses of questionnaire responses from the two samples indicated that consistent with the previous literature, openness …

Foreword From Handling Editor – 6th Edition, Astari Dwiranti

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

We are delighted to present the 6^th edition of AJCE, published in December 2019. We have selected eight of the best articles for this edition, consisted of five Research Articles, one Review Article, and two Case-Based Articles. These articles presented the valuable and interesting information with the broad ranges covering three sub-themes, i.e. education (parenting, urban community housing, assessment training, revolution 4.0-related teaching method, climate change), Economy (entrepreneurship capacity building), and Health (smartphone application for quality assurance).

We want to express our thanks to the reviewers who gave inputs and contributions to improve the quality of the articles. Our …

Applying Positive Language In Mindful Parenting: A Means Of Building Positive Character In Children, Amrina Rosyada, Agustina Ramadhianti

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

Positive language is a crucial communication tool, both within the family environment and in external circumstances. Previous research endeavors have evidenced that the inculcation of positive language by parents is effective in building positive character in their children. Thus, language is not merely a communication tool; it is also a means of personality development. However, this application cannot be realized if parents are unaware. Therefore, the community service activity proposed in this paper aims to broaden and strengthen mindful parenting, and to enhance the discernment of positive language in parents to help them build positive character in their children. To …

Teaching Arabic In The Era Of Industrial Revolution 4.0 In Indonesia: Challenges And Opportunities, Azkia Muharom Albantani, Ahmad Madkur

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

Teaching Arabic as a foreign language (TAFL) in Indonesia has been interest of many scholars, but studies on TAFL in the context of industrial revolution (IR) 4.0 have been rarely conducted. This qualitative study was aimed at investigating the challenges and opportunities in accelerating the quality of Arabic language instruction in the IR 4.0 era. Qualitative data analysis consisting of four steps, namely, data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and data verification was applied to analyze the gathered data. According to the research results, the challenges are the following: Arabic language teachers’ limited adaptation to technology, students’ low motivation to …

The Concept Of Green Rusunawa For The Urban Community In Indonesia, Sri Hapsari Wijayanti, Weny Savitri S. Pandia, Herman Yosep Sutarno

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

With the inevitability of population growth and urbanization, governments have initiated the development and spatial planning of smart and green cities. By conducting direct observation and focus group discussion (FGD) with management unit representatives and residents, this study identified three priority issues in Rusunawa Muara Baru, Pluit, North Jakarta: access to clean water, management of household waste, and the lack of a public area for social activities or interaction. This paper aims to solve these problems through the implementation of an integrated model of Green Rusunawa, especially in Towers 5, 6, and 7. The stages of this program include preparation, …

Learning Assessment Training Based On Curriculum 2013 By Using Vocational High School E-Report In South Tangerang, Aulia Nursyifa, E. Nurzaman, Alinurdin Alinurdin

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

Curriculum 2013 changes require teachers to be able to use technology the learning process until the stage of reporting learning outcomes, E-Report is one of the technologies used presenting learning outcomes. However, the problems today are that not all teachers can use the E-Report application. The purpose of this community service is to improve teacher’s ability to perform learning assessments based on the 2013 curriculum using the E-Report application. The method of community devotion activities is a method of instruction by providing training to teachers about E-Report application. Data retrieval is conducted using observations, tests, and questionnaires to participants. The …

Solution Concerning Climate Change And Utilization Of Wind Turbine And Floating Pv In Coastal Area, Rifka Sofianita, Adi Surjosatyo, Sri Rachmawati Siregar

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

The global average sea level is rising at a rate of 3.2 mm per year according to recent observations of the IPCC. One of the main factors in sea level rise is thermal expansion, where greenhouse gases, especially CO2, accumulate and generate heat (climate change), thereby melting glaciers in the polar regions. Two villages in Kampung Bungin Bekasi, Indonesia, have already been experiencing flooding. Climate change can be addressed by environmental conservation and utilization of renewable energy to reduce CO2 production. Environmental conservation can be conducted by planting mangroves, while renewable energy is achieved by using natural renewable resources. Planting …

Patient Safety Smartphone Application For Quality Assurance In Primary Healthcare Facilities, Levina Chandra Khoe, Ajeng Pramastuty, Boy Subirosa Sabarguna, Herquranto Herqutanto

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

In order to achieve high-quality healthcare, patient safety should be improved and monitored regularly. Moreover, accreditation on healthcare facilities is being requested in recent years. Mobile application can serve as a tool for community healthcare centre’s (Puskesmas) to assess their accreditation score, especially patient safety. To provide as a tool for self-monitoring for patient safety elements. This is a case-based article focuses on the development of smartphone application using the input-process-output-outcome scheme as the framework. We reviewed regulation of health minister on Puskesmas accreditation and developed a checklist and scoring for patient safety components. This is the first mobile application …

The Importance Of Maritime Education And Training Within The Secondary Education System In South Africa, Paulos Mxolisi Kuhlase

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Correlation Between Microstructural Defects And Photoelectrochemical Performance Of 1d Ti--Nb Composite Oxide Photoanodes For Solar Water Splitting, Nageh Khalaf Allam, Mahmoud Farag, Aya A. Saleh

Faculty Journal Articles

We report on the optimized fabrication of ultrathin wall nanotubes grown on Ti–Nb alloy via anodization in organic-based electrolytes. The nanotubes are vertically aligned with wall thicknesses of 5–8 nm, diameters of 180–200 nm, and lengths of 2–2.8 μm. Raman spectroscopy and glancing angle x-ray diffraction (GAXRD) measurements indicated the formation of composite oxides of anatase TiO2 and monoclinic Nb2O5. The composite oxides showed better stability at elevated temperatures up to 650 ᵒC and with much smaller induced microstrain compared to the TiO2 counterpart. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirmed the composition of the fabricated nanotubes as a mixed TiO2–Nb2O5 …

Isolation Of Anticancer And Anti-Trypanosome Secondary Metabolites From The Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus Flocculus Via Bioactivity Guided Isolation And Ms Based Metabolomics, Mohamed Ali Farag

Faculty Journal Articles

This study aims to identify bioactive anticancer and anti-trypanosome secondary metabolites from the fermentation culture of Aspergillus flocculus endophyte assisted by modern metabolomics technologies. The endophyte was isolated from the stem of the medicinal plant Markhamia platycalyx and identified using phylogenetics. Principle component analysis was employed to screen for the optimum growth endophyte culturing conditions and revealing that the 30-days rice culture (RC-30d) provided the highest levels of the bioactive agents. To pinpoint for active chemicals in endophyte crude extracts and successive fractions, a new application of molecular interaction network is implemented to correlate the chemical and biological profiles of …

Eco-Friendly, One-Step Synthesis Of Cobalt Sulfide-Decorated Functionalized Graphene For High-Performance Supercapacitors, Dalia M. El-Gendy, Israa M. Afifi, Nageh Khalaf Allam

Faculty Journal Articles

A simple approach is demonstrated to prepare functionalized spongy graphene/cobalt sulfide (FG-CoS)nanocomposites as interconnected, porous 3-dimensional (3D)network crinkly sheets. Such crinkly sheets contain the reduced spongy graphene oxide (SGO)sheets and the intercalated CoS nanoparticles within the spongy graphene. The fabricated FG-CoS composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy. The synthesized materials were tested as supercapacitor materials in 3 M KOH using cyclic voltammetry (CV)at different potential scan rates, and galvanostatic charge/discharge tests at different current densities. The FG-CoS electrodes showed a maximum specific capacitance of 1072 F/g at a …

Effect Of Grilling As Processing Method On Zea Mays (Corn) Metabolites Composition As Analyzed Via Spme Gc-Ms And Chemometrics, Mohamed Ali Farag

Faculty Journal Articles

Zea mays L. is a worldwide economical crop that is used as a food for man or as animal fodder owing to its rich nutritive composition. Despite being extensively studied, grilling effect on corn flavor and chemistry has yet to be reported. Impact of grilling at different degrees, light grilled corn (LGC) versus heavy grilled corn (HGC) on metabolite profile of Z. mays was assessed in this study using a holistic approach via SPME GC-MS and multivariate data analysis. A total of 39 volatiles were identified post-grilling to encompass pyrazines, phenols, pyrroles, furans, and aldehydes, with pyrazines likely to mediate …

Electrochemical Nano-Patterning Of Brass For Stable And Visible Light-Induced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting, Dina S. Eissa, Shimaa S. El-Hagar, Nageh Khalaf Allam

Faculty Journal Articles

A novel propitious nano-patterned brass oxide nanowires were fabricated via controlled anodization of α-brass in aqueous electrolytes at room temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)techniques were used to investigate the morphology, structure, and composition of the fabricated materials. The morphology of the resulted structures was found to depend on the concentration of the sodium bicarbonate used for anodization as well as the post treatment. The XRD analysis confirmed the existence of both ZnO and CuO. The XPS results suggest the formation of CuZnO nanowires. The fabricated nanowires showed exceptional optical activity …

Fabrication Of Novel Formulations From Rigid Polyurethane Foams And Mortar For Potential Applications In Building Industry, Sonia Zulfiqar

Faculty Journal Articles

Rigid polyurethane (PU) foams are widely used in modern life owing to excellent strength and weight carrying capacity. Most of the rigid PU foams in the market are based on polypropylene oxide (PPO) and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate. Amine catalysts, especially tertiary amines, are used to balance both the gelling and gas-foaming reactions, responsible for foam formation. The objective of present work is to prepare rigid PU foams from PPO based polyol and 4,4′- methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). The morphological and mechanical properties of polyurethane foam using tertiary amine and water blowing agent have been investigated. Moreover, acoustic and thermal insulation …

Facile Microwave-Assisted Synthetic Approach To Palladium Nanoparticles Supported On Copper Oxide As An Efficient Catalyst For Heck And Sonogashira Cross- Coupling Reactions, Tamer Tawhid El-Idreesy

Faculty Journal Articles

A simple green one-step method for the synthesis of highly active palladium nanoparticles embedded on copper oxide as an efficient catalyst for ligand-free Heck and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions has been developed. The synthetic approach is based on Microwave (MW)-assisted simultaneous chemical reduction of an aqueous solution of palladium and copper salts using hydrazine hydrate as the reducing agent. Selected characterization of the catalyst with transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) reveal a size range of 25±2nm for the generated catalyst nanoparticles with the highest catalytic activity. The use of the generated Pd/CuO nanoparticles …

Management And Population Status Of Kihansi Spray Toad Nectophrynoides Asperginis In Captive Breeding Facilities In Tanzania, Cuthbert L. Nahonyo, Ezekiel M. Goboro, Richard S. Ugomba, Emmanuel S. Nkombe, Severinus Mutagwaba, Hussein Adam, Juma I. Kimera, Person Kalenga, Wilirk Ngalason

Tanzania Journal of Science

Kihansi spray toad Nectophrynoides asperginis was discovered in 1996 in Kihansi gorge. The toad was declared extinct in the wild in 2009 due to habitat alteration. Before its extinction, 499 individuals were flown to the United States of America zoos in 2000 for captive breeding. In 2010, the University of Dar es Salaam, and in 2011 the Kihansi captive breeding facilities were established in Tanzania. The intention was to breed, and reintroduce the toad back to the natural environment in the gorge. The founder populations for the two facilities were sourced from the USA zoos. This study addresses captive management …

The Dynamics Of Re-Introduced Kihansi Spray Toad Nectophrynoides Asperginis And Other Amphibians In Kihansi Gorge, Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania, Wilirk Ngalason, Cuthbert L. Nahonyo, Charles A. Msuya

Tanzania Journal of Science

The dynamics of the reintroduced Kihansi spray toad Nectophrynoides asperginis and other amphibian species that occur in the Kihansi gorge, Udzungwa Mountains were studied. The area is a home for the endemic toad that became extinct before individuals bred in captivity were reintroduced. Previous studies on the biology of amphibians conducted in the gorge focused on a few aspects but none has dealt with the dynamics of both the reintroduced Kihansi spray toad (KST) and other amphibians. Information on species richness and the abundance of amphibian species occurring in the gorge have not been dealt with in depth. Time-constrained audio-visual …

Some Histopathological Findings In Dead Kihansi Spray Toads In Captivity, Joshua J Malago

Tanzania Journal of Science

Raising of Kihansi spray toad (KST), Nectophrynoides asperginis, in captivity is associated with disorders that can be fatal. Since diagnosis of these disorders cannot be confirmed grossly, the current study was aimed at exploring histopathological findings in dead KSTs kept under captivity in Tanzania. Dead KSTs were immediately recovered, observed for gross changes, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, processed routinely, and stained sections reviewed for histological changes. Observed infectious agents were strongyloides (25.3%), ciliates (1.7%), lungworms (0.6%), fungi (3.4%) and bacteria (5.1%) or mixed infections (9%) of these agents. Noted histopathological lesions in affected organs included infiltration of inflammatory …

Abundance And Distribution Of Afrosteles Distans An Indicator Of Food Availability For The Kihansi Spray Toad (Nectophrynoides Asperginis) In The Kihansi Gorge, Lulu T Kaaya, Rashid A Tamatamah, Timoth B Suya

Tanzania Journal of Science

Survivorship of the Kihansi Spray Toad in the wild depends on various factors such as environment, habitat, food availability, diseases and predation. This study assessed the abundance of Afrosteles distans Linnavuori 1959 as an indicator of food availability for the Kihansi Spray Toad. Samples were collected from sprinkled (A, B, C, D, E and F) and non-sprinkled (G and H) plots in the upper spray wetland in the Kihansi gorge during the dry period in 2007, 2008, 2015, 2016 and 2018. There was a significantly higher abundance of A. distans in sprinkled than non-sprinkled plots. ANOVA showed significant differences in …

Research Work And Conservation Initiatives In The Kihansi Catchment Ecosystem, Tanzania, Cl Nahonyo

Tanzania Journal of Science

Keynote Address  for the Scientific Conference on Research and Conservation Initiatives in the Kihansi Catchment Ecosystem: Successes, Challenges and Way forward held at the National Carbon Monitoring Centre (NCMC), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) on 24 – 27 July 2017.

Histopathological Diagnosis Of Diseases Affecting Amphibians Inhabiting Kihansi Gorge, Tanzania, Joshua J Malago

Tanzania Journal of Science

Kihansi gorge is a natural habitat to Kihansi spray toad (KST), Nectophrynoides asperginis. The toad is extinct in its natural habitat partly due to diseases. Efforts to successfully re-introduce it are primed by awareness and mitigation of prevalent diseases at the gorge. This study aimed at exploring the prevalent amphibian diseases at and around Kihansi gorge. A total of 182 individuals from Petropedetes yakusini (n = 60), Nectophrynoides tornieri (n = 60) and Leptopelis uluguruensis (n = 62) species were collected, humanely sacrificed, fixed in formalin, routinely processed, sectioned, stained with haematoxylin and eosin and analysed for diseases by histopathology. …

Affective Misattribution Following Memory Decisions Does Not Transfer To Interleaved Items, David Grybinas

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The outcomes of memory search appear to have affective consequences. For instance, during recognition memory tests, concluding that a retrieval probe is from a prior study period (‘old’) leads to higher pleasantness ratings for the probe than concluding it is novel (‘new”). Grybinas, Kantner, and Dobbins (2019) explained this and related findings via a Confirmation of Search (COS) hypothesis that assumes that the affective consequences of successful versus failed episodic retrieval are misattributed to probes used to elicit memory search. While these affective misattributions clearly occur for the memory probes themselves (within-item misattribution), social psychological research has previously shown that …

Research News. Publications, 2019. Volume 4, University Of Mississippi. School Of Pharmacy, Soumyajit Majumdar

Publications (2015-)

Publications that appeared during the period October 1 through December 31, 2019

Mini-Symposium As A Forum Of Discussion And Workshop, Laras Sekarasih, Mirra Noor Milla

Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia

No abstract provided.

Internet Screen Time And Related Factors: Threat To Adolescence In Indonesia, Kristiana Kurniasanti, Karina Firdaus, Hans Christian, Tjhin Wiguna, Martina Wiwie, Raden Ismail

Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia

The widespread use of the internet has produced both positive and negative impacts. Among the latter is internet addiction (IA). The worldwide prevalence of this addiction has been measured at approximately 6%, although the specific prevalence in Indonesia is uncertain because no validated instrument to measure IA has been developed for the Indonesian context. Hence, screen time was used in this study as an alternative measure of the magnitude of IA in Indonesia, where more than 6 hours is considered risk for IA. Researchers measured internet screen time (IST) and potential related factors in adolescents. The subjects of this cross-sectional …

Percieved Threat Of Homosexuals In Indonesia: Construct, Measurement, And Correlates, Susana Tjipto, Elisabeth Haksi Mayawati, Allan B. I. Bernardo

Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia

In Indonesia, homonegativity still exists and acts of violence against homosexual groups still happen, but there has not been much research on aspects of this homonegativity beyond inquiring into general attitudes towards homosexuals. This study has several aims: to qualitatively explore dimensions of perceived threat, to develop a measure of perceived threat of homosexuals, and to study some correlates and perceived threat of homosexuals in Indonesian samples. We used a mixed-method approach (qualitative-quantitative) to gather the data. Study 1 is a qualitative study that seeks to identify expressions and dimensions of perceived threat of homosexuals using thematic analysis of responses …