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Happy Beginnings | Keil-Loudner Leaps From Plant Biology To Antibodies At Quidel, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of The Putative Polysaccharide Synthase Cpsa And Its Effects On The Virulence Of The Human Pathogen Aspergillus Fumigatus, Ana M. Calvo, Matthew Van Cura, Brett Thompson, Olivier Puel, Jessica M. Lohmar, Ryan Myers, Binita Nepal

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

The fungus Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous opportunistic human pathogen capable of causing a life-threatening disease called invasive aspergillosis, or IA, with an associated 40–90% mortality rate in immunocompromised patients. Of the approximately 250 species known in the genus Aspergillus, A. fumigatus is responsible for up to 90% of IA infections. This study focuses on examining the role of the putative polysaccharide synthase cpsA gene in A. fumigatus virulence. Additionally, we evaluated its role in cellular processes that influence invasion and colonization of host tissue. Importantly, our results support that cpsA is indispensable for virulence in A. fumigatus infection of …

Uncovering The Mechanisms Of Staphylococcus Aureus Enterotoxin A-Induced Systemic And Pulmonary Inflammation, Julia Ryan

Doctoral Dissertations

Archival abstract submitted

In-Vivo Effectiveness Of 5% Azadirachta Indica Oil Cream As Anti-Scabies, Patihul Husni, Mayang K. Dewi, Norisca A. Putriana, Rini Hendriani

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Scabies is an infectious skin disease caused by mite Sarcoptes scabiei. Neem tree (Azadirachta indica) has the potential to be used as an anti-parasite due to the presence of azadirachtin compound that is commonly found in the seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate in-vivo effectiveness of neem oil as an anti-scabies. This study used an experimental method. The effectiveness of the cream as an anti-scabies was tested on New Zealand white rabbits which were infected with scabies. Permethrin cream was used as a positive control and cream base was used as a negative control. Cream was applied …

Effect Of Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose And Sorbitol On Anti-Peptic Ulcer Activity Of Anredera Cordifolia Leaves Extract, Maria Ulfah, Revika Rachmaniar, Egi Mr. Sudrajat, Rida W. Fadla, Hary S. Pinuji

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Anredera cordifolia or binahong is one of the Indonesian medicinal plants that is used to treat peptic ulcer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and sorbitol on anti-peptic ulcer activity of A. cordifolia leaves extracts in male Wistar rats. The plants were extracted using decoction method and freeze dried. Three liquid formulas were used i.e., i) a combination of sodium CMC and sorbitol; ii) only sorbitol; iii) extract only. The rats were divided into 6 groups, i.e., positive control (sucralfate 35 mg/kg body weight); negative control (80% ethanol); normal …

Anti-Bacterial And Anti-Fungal Activities From Macaranga Bancana Leaves Extract, Rianti Putri, Rudi Hendra, Hilwan Y. Teruna

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Macaranga bancana is one of the Indonesian medicinal plants that is empirically used to treat infectious disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities of M. bancana against human pathogenic microbes, i.e., Escherichia coli, Staphylacoccus aureus, and Candida albicans. The dried leaves of M. bancana were extracted using cold extraction method with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, methanol, and ethanol solvents. The evaluation of anti-microbial activity from these extracts at the concentration of 1000 µg/ml was conducted using microdilution method. Amoxicillin, cephadroxil, and ketoconazole were used as positive controls. All extracts showed 100% inhibitory activity against S. …

The Indiana Statesman, April 25, 2019, Indiana State University

Student Newspaper

Leak causes temperatures to rise on ISU's campus; Students enjoy a Tropical Terredise; Georgetown students vote on proposal to pay reparations to slave descendants; Videos of Loughlin and Huffman in college scandal become legal flashpoint

Immunogenicity Of Tumor Initiating Stem Cells: Potential Applications In Novel Anticancer Therapy, Durga Khandekar, Suneetha Amara, Venkataswarup Tiriveedhi

Biology Faculty Research

Tumor initiating stem cells (TISCs) are a subset of tumor cells, which are implicated in cancer relapse and resistance to chemotherapy. The metabolic programs that drive TISC functions are exquisitely unique and finely-tuned by various oncogene-driven transcription factors to facilitate pro-cancerous adaptive challenges. While this change in TISC metabolic machinery allows for the identification of associated molecular targets with diagnostic and prognostic value, these molecules also have a potential immunological application. Recent studies have shown that these TISC-associated molecules have strong antigenic properties enabling naïve CD8+T lymphocytes to differentiate into cytotoxic effector phenotype with anticancer potential. In spite of the …

Career Corner: Quidel Seeks Student For Rd Lab Assistant Position, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Improving Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs In Small Community Hospitals Through An Assessment And Feedback Model, Philip Chung, Kate Tyner, Scott Bergman, Terry Micheels, Mark Rupp, Michelle Schwedhelm, Maureen Tierney, Muhammad Salman Ashraf, Trevor Van Schooneveld

Posters and Presentations: Nebraska ASAP

Small community hospitals often lack expertise and resources for antimicrobial stewardship program implementation. Using an assessment-and-feedback model, Nebraska ASAP performed onsite assessment of antimicrobial stewardship efforts in 5 small community hospitals and provided facility specific feedback on implementation/augmentation of antimicrobial stewardship program. As a result of this model, participating small community hospitals were able to increase the number of antimicrobial stewardship core elements implemented while reducing antibiotic use and incidence of CDI.

Clinical Data On Daptomycin Plus Ceftaroline Versus Standard Of Care Monotherapy In The Treatment Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia, Matthew Geriak, Haddad, Khulood Rizvi, Warren Rose, Ravina Kullar, Kerry L. Laplante, Marie Yu, Logan Vasina, Krista Ouellette, Marcus Zervos, Victor Nizet, George Sakoulas

Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Vancomycin (VAN) and daptomycin (DAP) are approved as a monotherapy for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. A regimen of daptomycin plus ceftaroline (DAP+CPT) has shown promise in published case series of MRSA salvage therapy, but no comparative data exist to compare up-front DAP+CPT head-to-head therapy versus standard monotherapy as an initial treatment. In a pilot study, we evaluated 40 adult patients who were randomized to receive 6 to 8 mg/kg of body weight per day of DAP and 600 mg intravenous (i.v.) CPT every 8 h (q8h) (n = 17) or standard monotherapy (n = 23) with vancomycin …

2019 Science Seminar Program

Science Seminar

No abstract provided.

Reliability Of Colour And Hardness Clinical Examinations In Detecting Dentine Caries Severity: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Larry Hon, Ahmed Mohamed, Edward Lynch

Dental Medicine Faculty Research

Dental caries is the most common human infectious disease and is caused by microorganisms producing acids, resulting in changes in dental tissue hardness and colour. However, the accuracy and reliability of dentine colour and hardness as indicators for carious lesion severity has never been assessed in a systematic review. By applying strict criteria, only seven papers (five randomized control trials and two diagnostic studies) were considered for full text qualitative and quantitative assessment. Only three studies produced high quality evidence and only four articles were considered for meta-analysis, as these provided log10 colony forming units (CFU) data from caries biopsies …

Development And Evaluation Of A One-Step Multiplex Real-Time Taqman® Rt-Qpcr Assay For The Detection And Genotyping Of Equine G3 And G14 Rotaviruses In Fecal Samples, Mariano Carossino, Maria E. Barrandeguy, Erdal Erol, Yanqiu Li, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Background: Equine rotavirus A (ERVA) is the leading cause of diarrhea in neonatal foals and has a negative impact on equine breeding enterprises worldwide. Among ERVA strains infecting foals, the genotypes G3P[12] and G14P[12] are the most prevalent, while infections by strains with other genomic arrangements are infrequent. The identification of circulating strains of ERVA is critical for diagnostic and surveillance purposes, as well as to understand their molecular epidemiology. Current genotyping methods available for ERVA and rotaviruses affecting other animal species rely on Sanger sequencing and are significantly time-consuming, costly and labor intensive. Here, we developed the first one-step …

Modulating Antitumor T Cell Responses Using Cytomegalovirus-Based Vaccines, Jeremy Grenier

Doctoral Dissertations

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous herpes virus that generates a unique T cell response, characterized by the maintenance of a high frequency of virus-specific T cells over the lifetime of the host. This prolonged T cell response makes CMV an attractive vaccine platform. Our lab has previously generated a recombinant murine CMV (MCMV) expressing a modified melanoma antigen, MCMVgp100KGP, which protects mice from tumor challenge. In Chapter 3 of this current study, we hypothesized that CMV vectors expressing multiple tumor antigens would be more effective vaccines in the treatment of melanoma. However, our data show that novel MCMV vectors expressing …

The Controversial Nature Of Vaccinations, Emily Farina

Academic Festival

Much of modern society is the way it is today thanks to one key advancement in medicine: the development of the vaccination. Without vaccinations, diseases such as small pox and diphtheria could be detrimental to society just as they had been in 18^th century Europe (Riedel 2005). Despite their beneficial effect on mankind, many people still question their existence and protest their use. This is due to the influential role of mass media in todays society. The media has allowed misconceptions regarding vaccinations to spread through society at the touch of a button thanks to the easy access of …

Investigation Of Compounds In Anaphalis Margaritacea, Lauren Healy

Proceedings of GREAT Day

The roots and tops from Anaphalis margaritacea, commonly referred to as Pearly Everlasting, were extracted using a mixture of ether and petroleum ether and analyzed through the use of various spectroscopic techniques. Dr. Ferdinand Bohlmann previously reported a thirteen carbon chlorinated polyacetylene found in the roots of Anaphalis species that was of much interest due to its structural similarity to known antibacterial and antifungal compounds. The goal was to successfully isolate and characterize this compound, known as (E)-5-chloro-2-(octa-2,4,6-triynylidene)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran, as well as identify other compounds previously unidentified in A. margaritacea.

Although this particular compound has not been identified yet, …

Indonesian Tobacco: A Consumer Culture Of Exploitation, Francis Joseph Mandracchia

Proceedings of GREAT Day

No abstract provided.

Causal Inference Approaches For Understanding The Social Determinants Of Substance Abuse And Depression In The 21st Century: The Opioid Epidemic And The Great Recession, Samuel L. Swift

Open Access Dissertations

The great recession and the opioid epidemic are two defining public health events of the 21st century. Within the context of these two events, the 21st century has been marked by increases in mortality due to suicide, alcohol misuse, and drug overdose among Americans, and especially among white Americans, warranting further epidemiological investigation. For example, in recent years a black-white disparity in opioid pain reliever (OPR) misuse has emerged such that white Americans are more likely to suffer opioid overdoses or opioid related hospitalizations than black Americans. There is evidence to support that much of the opioid epidemic is related …

Discovery Of Volatile Biomarkers Of Parkinson’S Disease From Sebum, Dk Trivedi, E Sinclair, Y Xu, D Sarkar, C Walton-Doyle, C Liscio, P Banks, J Milne, M Silverdale, T Kunath, R Goodacre, P Barran

More Faculty of Health Research

No abstract provided.

The Dark Side Of The Pharmaceutical Industry: A Compound Of Issues, Geoffrey A. Marcus

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

No abstract provided.

Measles Outbreak Prompts Physician Recommendations, Support For Vaccinations, Alicia Rohan

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

P62-Mediated Selective Autophagy Endows Virus-Transformed Cells With Insusceptibility To Dna Damage Under Oxidative Stress, Ling Wang, Mary E. A. Howell, Aryianna Sparks Wallace, Caroline Hawkins, Camri A. Nicksic, Carissa Kohne, Kenton H. Hall, Jonathan P. Moorman, Zhi Q. Yao, Shunbin Ning

ETSU Faculty Works

DNA damage response (DDR) and selective autophagy both can be activated by reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), and both are of paramount importance in cancer development. The selective autophagy receptor and ubiquitin (Ub) sensor p62 plays a key role in their crosstalk. ROS production has been well documented in latent infection of oncogenic viruses including Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). However, p62-mediated selective autophagy and its interplay with DDR have not been investigated in these settings. In this study, we provide evidence that considerable levels of p62-mediated selective autophagy are spontaneously induced, and correlate with ROS-Keap1-NRF2 pathway activity, in virus-transformed cells. Inhibition of …

An Incidental Diagnosis Of Aids-Related Disseminated Kaposi’S Sarcoma, Kathryn Kass Md, Amy Slenker Md

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Hurricane Maria On Western Puerto Rico, Yazmine Aimee Justiniano

Honors Capstone Projects and Theses

No abstract provided.

An Atypical Presentatio N Of Giant Cell Arteritis, Daniel Tseytlin Do, Reema M. Vaze Md, Jeffrey Dubuque Do

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Determining Mediators Of Naive T Cell Motility And Dc Association In The Lymph Node, Janie Rae Byrum

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

To become activated and perform effector functions, naive T cells move within lymph nodes to scan dendritic cells presenting antigen. Previous work has shown naive T cell activation is promoted by interleukin 7 in vivo, and it does so by regulating the T cell:dendritic cell interaction. Our work identifies a novel role for IL-7 in mediating naive T cell motility in the lymph node and promoting T cell association with DCs. Additionally, we have developed a method for analyzing microscopy images, regionalized normalized mutual information, to assess intercellular associations between T cells and other cells within the lymph node. Dendritic …

Information And Readiness Build Resilience: The Role Of The Disaster Information Management Research Center, Stacey J. Arnesen, Florence Chang

Collaborative Librarianship

The National Library of Medicine (NLM) established the Disaster Information Management Research Center (DIMRC) in 2008 based on its history of providing health information for disaster preparedness, response, and recovery. The NLM long range plan (Charting a Course for the 21st Century: NLM's Long Range Plan 2006-2016) called for creation of a center to show "a strong commitment to disaster remediation and to provide a platform for demonstrating how libraries and librarians can be part of the solution to this national problem". NLM was urged to "ensure continuous access to health information and effective use of libraries and …

The Role Of Horticultural Therapy In The Treatment Of Refugees With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Molly Nadeau

Senior Honors Theses

The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) cites that there are an unprecedented number of refugees. As of 2017, over 68.5 million people have been forcibly displaced from their homes, with 25.4 million of this group being classified as refugees (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 2018). Often, mental health issues arise from the trauma that they face. Recently, the use of horticultural therapy, which uses gardening and plant-based activities as a form of treatment, has shown mental health improvements in military veterans and active duty soldiers diagnosed with stress related disorders. This paper will describe the role of …

Direct Lung Sampling Indicates That Established Pathogens Dominate Early Infections In Children With Cystic Fibrosis., Peter Jorth, Zarmina Ehsan Md, Amir Rezayat, Ellen Caldwell, Christopher Pope, John J. Brewington, Christopher H. Goss, Dan Benscoter, John P. Clancy, Pradeep K. Singh

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Culture and sequencing have produced divergent hypotheses about cystic fibrosis (CF) lung infections. Culturing suggests that CF lungs are uninfected before colonization by a limited group of CF pathogens. Sequencing suggests diverse communities of mostly oral bacteria inhabit lungs early on and diversity decreases as disease progresses. We studied the lung microbiota of CF children using bronchoscopy and sequencing, with measures to reduce contamination. We found no evidence for oral bacterial communities in lung lavages that lacked CF pathogens. Lavage microbial diversity varied widely, but decreases in diversity appeared to be driven by increased CF pathogen abundance, which reduced the …