Digital Commons Network^™

Pap Testing Screening Experiences Of Hiv-Positive Women, Siri Alicia Ogg

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease, and is known to cause genital warts, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and cervical cancer. HIV-positive women are at greater risk of contracting HPV, experiencing CIN, having more advanced-grade CIN, and developing cervical cancer due to their compromised immune status. Since becoming an essential part of womens preventive healthcare, the Papanicolaou test, commonly known as the Pap smear, has helped to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality; however, many HIV-positive women do not meet recommended Pap test screening guidelines. This study addressed the following research question: What psychosocial, cultural, contextual, …

The Evolving Digital Divide Within Higher Education Institutions: A Quantitative Study, Brent Owens

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Technology has become an integral and important aspect of our world. As such, the author of this study aims to research how technology is used by college students, the people who hope to be tomorrows leaders and innovators. Ideally, all college students will complete their degrees with a comprehensive and well-versed understanding in the most basic and widespread technologies. However, strong technology literacy can be hampered by a students background. This notion is often referred to as the digital divide and can cause some people to have a weak technological background. This study will investigate the digital divide at different …

Ambient Awareness On A Sidewalk For Visually Impaired, Faruk Ahmed

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Safe navigation by avoiding obstacles is vital for visually impaired while walking on a sidewalk. There are both static and dynamic obstacles to avoid. Detection, monitoring, and estimating the threat posed by obstacles remain challenging. Also, it is imperative that the design of the system must be energy efficient and low cost. An additional challenge in designing an interactive system capable of providing useful feedback is to minimize users' cognitive load. We started the development of the prototype system through classifying obstacles and providing feedback. To overcome the limitations of the classification-based system, we adopted the image annotation framework in …

A Mechanism Design For Crowdsourcing Multi-Objective Recommendation System, Eiman Aldahari

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Crowdsourcing is an approach whereby requesters call for workers with different capabilities to process a task for monetary reward. The emergence of crowdsourcing has drawn increasing attention in recent years as a revolutionary phenomenon. Although crowdsourcing is still considered a developing approach, early signs expectations are promising. The advantage of crowdsourcing resides in its ability to facilitate access to diverse skilled workers to process the outsourced tasks at reduced time and cost. Moreover, crowdsourcing helps reduce unemployment by offering on-demand employment opportunities. With the vast amount of tasks posted every day, satisfying the workers, requesters, and service providers who are …

Sociocultural And Academic Acculturation Challenges Encountered By Saudi Female Students In The United States, Samar Ali Aldhahri

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Coming from a completely different culture, Saudi female students encounter a number of challenges adapting to the American culture. These acculturation challenges may affect their academic, social, and life experiences in the United States. The purpose of this study was to explore the acculturation challenges encountered by Saudi female students in the United States and their strategies to cope with their challenges. The study also aimed to investigate the roles of participants demographic variables and the historical changes in Saudi Arabia on their experiences in the United States. To achieve these objectives, a mixed methods research was adopted implementing an …

A Study Of Saudi Teachers And Students Attitudes Toward The Use Of Esp At A Saudi Military Academy, Sulaiman Rashed Algofaili

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

English for Specific Purposes (ESP) classes address the specific professional and technical fields of students learning English and attempt to use appropriate materials and approaches to do so. At the King Abdulaziz Military Academy (KAMA) in Saudi Arabia, ESP classes prepare students for military careers. However, officers who graduate from KAMA notice that their level of English is lower than that required to command non- Arabic speakers, and they struggle in communicating with others in English. The reason behind the students low competence at KAMA is still not clear but could result from the choice of approaches or texts used …

Investigating Sequential Vocabulary Learning Strategies As A Means Of Improving L2 Vocabulary Acquisition, Adel Marzouq Alharbi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

One of the key aspects to learning a language is building good vocabulary knowledge. However, building vocabulary is considered to be as hard a process as developing the language itself in the long term. In second language acquisition (SLA), the larger vocabulary size has been connected to intelligence and as a major determinant of successful language use. With the constant use of vocabulary learning strategies (VLSs), language learners have reported successful growth of their language learning. The current study investigated SpanishEnglish bilingual speakers beliefs and practices about sequential VLS processes as a means of improving second language vocabulary acquisition. The …

Professors And Students Perceptions About English As An International Language (Eil) In Speaking Instruction In Saudi Arabia, Shatha Ahmed Alkhalaf

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

AbstractAlkhalaf, Shatha. Ph.D. The University of Memphis. May 2018. Professors and Students Perceptions about English as an International Language (EIL) in Speaking Instruction in Saudi Arabia. Major Professor: Emily Thrush, Ph.D.Driven by the critical period hypothesis (CPH), Kachrus (1985) World Englishes paradigm, and Krashens (1982) theory of second language acquisition (SLA), this study examined instructors and learners attitudes toward English as an International Language (EIL) speaking instruction in Saudi Arabia and whether exposure to EIL speaking instruction influenced participants beliefs. Participants consisted of 23 professors teaching in the Department of English at Qassim University and 30 Saudi undergraduate students majoring …

Saudi Esl/Efl Learners Metacognitive Online Reading Strategies In Arabic And English, Hamad Mohammed Alluhaydan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Historically, Saudi readers have demonstrated poor metacognitive reading skills and literacy practices. This study investigates what online metacognitive reading strategies ESL and EFL Saudi learners believed they used more frequently in Arabic and English. It also shows perceived differences between Saudi male and female ESL/EFL learners in their strategy use while reading online texts. The lack of practice reading in Arabic or English affects comprehension skills; less than 25% of participants felt they could answer reading comprehension questions in class. Male and female participants did not differ in their use of global, support, and problem-solving metacognitive online reading strategies when …

The Impact Of School Profiles With The Competing Values Framework (Cvf) On The Decision Of Educators To Leave The Profession Entirely, Erika M. Ashford

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between the perceived ways in which 248 Tennessee high schools address the organizational tensions, trade-offs, and conflicts (Cameron, Quinn, DeGraff, & Thakor, 2006, p. 50) embodied in the Competing Values Framework (CVF) and the percent of educators at those schools intending to leave education entirely. To this purpose, item-, scale, and quadrant-level responses aligned with the CVF were selected from data derived from the 2013 administration of the Teaching, Empowering, Leading, and Learning survey in Tennessee (TELL Tennessee). To control for school characteristics that might confound the aforementioned relationships, …

Becoming A Science Teacher Together: Course Creation And Exploration Through Participatory Action Research, Rachel Diane Askew

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

States across the nation are reporting a shortage in teachers, with science being a particular area of need (Sutcher, Darling-Hammond, & Carver-Thomas, 2016). Research has been done, and is still taking place, centered around elementary school teachers and their beliefs on science teaching (Avraamidou, 2014; 2016), due in part to a noticeable trend in low science teaching self-efficacy, which can impact students beliefs in science (Bergman & Morphew, 2015; Krajcik, Czerniak, & Berger, 2003; Menon & Sadler, 2016; Ramsey & Howe 1969;).Studies on science teacher identity are not often representative of elementary education teachers (Mensah, 2016); nor do they approach …

The Effects Of The Counselors Spiritual Background And The Participants Spirituality On The Participants Perceptions Of The Expertness, Attractiveness, And Trustworthiness Of The Counselor, Mark Baldwin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of the counselors spiritual background and participant spirituality on the perceptions of the expertness, attractiveness, and trustworthiness of the counselor. The following questions were examined using a MANOVA: 1) Did participants perceive a counselors expertness, attractiveness, and/or trustworthiness differently based on the self-rated spirituality of the participant? 2) Did participants perceive a counselors expertness, attractiveness, and/or trustworthiness differently based on the spiritual background of the counselor? 3) Was there an interaction between the counselors spiritual background and the participants self-rated spirituality with regard to how the participant perceived the counselors …

Building A Case For Culturally Responsive Practices Used With Response To Intervention Models To Reduce Disproportionate Representation Among African Americans In Special Education, Sonia Perry Barber

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The federal law, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, which was enacted to provide funds to states to support special education programs and to ensure that children and parents rights are protected, has been reauthorized several times. Yet, despite the multiple amendments to improve the law, there remains a disproportionate representation of minority students in special education. Such disparity creates a plethora of problems for African-American students. This study extends a previous case study in relation to using culturally responsive practices to reduce disproportionate representation among African Americans in special education. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent …

Don't Touch Me Like That: Masculinity, Touch, And The Role Of Affect In Media Representations Of Animal Attacks, Carolyn Grace Block

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This dissertation analyzes masculinity and touch in three highly publicized cases where men intentionally interacted with wild animals and were harmed in the process. I focus predominately on the first week of media coverage following Steve The Crocodile Hunter Irwin who was killed by a massive stingray while filming for a television series off the Great Barrier Reef, Roy Horn of the famed Las Vegas magician duo Siegfried and Roy who was mauled by one of his performing tigers in front of a live audience, and Antoine Yates, an African American man bitten by the pet tiger he kept in …

Individual Online Routines: External Guardianship, Personal Guardianship, And The Influence Of Breaches, Ruby E. Booth

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Computer crime increases in frequency and cost each year. Of all computer crimes, data breaches are the costliest to organizations. In addition to the harm data breaches cause to organizations, these breaches often involve the exposure of individuals personal data, placing the affected individuals at greater risk of computer crimes such as credit card fraud, tax fraud, and identity theft. Despite the breadth and severity of consequences for individuals, existing IS literature lacks coverage of how users respond to data breaches. Routine Activity Theory provides the studys theoretical frame. Routine Activity Theory states that crime occurs when the routine activities …

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Bulletin Of Yale University School Of Nursing 2019-2020, Yale School Of Nursing

Yale School of Nursing Bulletins and Catalogues

Series 115, Number 15

September 5, 2019

Archeology, Language, And Nature Of Business Corporations, Sergio Alberto Gramitto Ricci

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

This Article fills a gap in the corporate law literature, by excavating the language used to describe and regulate corporate entities at their origins. It traces the origins of the corporate form to Ancient Rome. It investigate the nature of current business corporations. It offers solutions to inform contemporary corporate law debates. It also sheds new light on the common understanding of legal personhood and on the issue that the term "person" raises in corporate theory.

Where Do We Go From Here? A Semi-Autobiographical Performance Exploration Into The Therapeutic Benefits Of Theatre, Emma Elliott

Scripps Senior Theses

My intention in this performance is to create a therapeutic theatrical process for myself and engage the audience with intense emotional vulnerability regarding the combination and validation of the nobody and performative self. I utilized both my vocal and acting training to work through emotional trauma that I have experienced and created a musical performance to demonstrate my journey of therapy and emotional reconciliation within myself and my family. I focused my research on using autobiographical performances to solidify and validate the identity of the performer to an audience. In doing so, this allows the performers to become the …

Individual Bodies, Informed Consent, And Self-Determination: A Rhetorical Analysis Of The Vaccine Refusal Movement, Gretta Richardson

Scripps Senior Theses

This project sought to explore the narratives and rhetorical themes that permeate the anti-vaccination movement. Mass media has portrayed vaccine refusal groups as stupid, as conspiracy theorists, and as radically selfish. However, the data I analyzed from vaccine refusal nonprofits and advocacy groups supports that although these themes may appear to be radical, in reality, each is congruent with already present societal frameworks, particularly neoliberal social discourse and a preoccupation with the individualistic and self-determined health care rather than utilitarian or collective action.

Psychotherapy Dropout And Socioeconomic Status: A Qualitative Analysis Of College Students, Emily Sophia Lavine

Scripps Senior Theses

This qualitative research study explores the correlation between socioeconomic status and factors of psychotherapy dropout among college students who have prematurely terminated therapy while attending college. Twelve female-identifying college students were interviewed in a semi-structured design. It was predicted that socioeconomic status moderates the impact of financial and logistical barriers to access, mental health stigma, and perceived lack of socioeconomic status competency among practitioners on the decision to leave therapy prematurely, such that these factors have an amplified effect for students coming from lower socioeconomic status backgrounds. Findings indicate that logistical barriers to access are experienced across the socioeconomic spectrum, …

The Gamification Of Modern Dating: A Feminist Analysis, Hannah Travis

Scripps Senior Theses

My project gg is a digitally rendered 360° animation of a tech-filled bedroom, accompanied by a joystick that can be used to navigate the 3D space. A visual comparison between multimedia games and modern dating culture, the bedroom scene draws parallels between the prioritization of male perspectives in fine art and digital media and the social prioritization of “masculine” qualities like logic over emotional vulnerability in the initialization of interpersonal relationships. My project investigates human motivations for playing games, both in the literal and idiomatic sense, using stereotypically feminized colors and symbols, to reclaim the patriarchal world of gaming for …

Damn Spot: Navigating Emotional Trauma In The Body, Emma M. Elliott

Scripps Senior Theses

I researched the history of emotional trauma and its portrayal in modern media and Shakespearean plays and created a film based on my personal experience with the topic. This film utilizes Shakespearean song and monologue from Hamlet and Macbeth to narrate the inner journey of a girl working through emotional trauma. We follow her as she feels the impact of her trauma in her body and as she tries to hide it from her friends and maintain a normal facade. This film does contain a fictionalized portrayal of an anxiety attack, so viewer discretion is advised. This project does not …

Emerging Dark Matter: La’S Underground Women Musicians In The Digital Age, Linnea Rosenberg

Scripps Senior Theses

Virtual Angel is an independent e-zine publication that attempts to frame an emerging canon of self-made, women musicians that work in the margins of Los Angeles’ music and culture industries.

Why Csas Matter: (Re)Localizing For People-Based Food Networks, Gretchen Alexander

Scripps Senior Theses

This thesis details the history of Claremont Market Shares, a Community Sourced Agriculture (CSA) project based out of Claremont, California. By using this project as a jumping off point for discussing local food networks, buzzwords such as "organic" and "local" are analyzed and re-defined. I argue for a people-based food network model over the currently popular 'place-based' that prioritizes producer-consumer relationships. The CSA functions as a sustainable model of this ideology.

Space, Power, Policy, And The Creation Of The “Illegal” Migrant At The United States Boundary With Mexico, Catalina J. Biesman-Simons

Scripps Senior Theses

This thesis discusses the relationship between space (physical and figurative) and sovereign power, with respect to the history of the United States' immigration and boundary policy. It examines spatial organization as a social product, and simultaneously a producer of mainstream associations of illegal activity at the border with Mexico. It begins with a brief introduction to a spatially informed analytical framework, a history of relevant United States' immigration policy. The paper then uses newspaper coverage from the 1970s and 1980s to examine the local and national rise of xenophobia in the United States, and the normalization of boundary control and …

Evidence-Based Probiotic Intervention For Behavioral And Social Deficits In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Allisen To

Scripps Senior Theses

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) refers to a heterogeneous neurological condition characterized by repetitive and restrictive behaviors and social communication deficits. ASD diagnoses are at a record high, at approximately 1 in 59 children according to the US Center for Disease Control. Currently, there are no available interventions that effectively treat the core symptoms of ASD. All pharmaceutical options address comorbid side effects of ASD but not core deficits and are particularly associated with negative side effects. Additionally, there are economic and geographic barriers that can prevent families of individuals with ASD from seeking or receiving effective interventions. Many of the …

Cooperative Success Under Shared Cognitive States And Valuations, Shannon Marie Klotz

Scripps Senior Theses

A mental model of the another person’s state of mind including their thoughts, feelings, and beliefs, otherwise known as Theory of Mind (ToM), can be created to better predict their behavior and optimize our own decisions. These representations can be explicitly modeled during both the development and presence of stable cooperation via communication outcomes, allowing us to understand the sophistication or depth of mental coordination, involved in an individual’s social perception and reasoning. Almost all current scientific studies of ToM take a spectatorial approach, relying on observation followed by evaluation (e.g., the Sally-Anne Task). However given evidence that social cognition …

Foreign Corruption Of The Political Process Through Social Welfare Organizations, Norman I. Silber

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

This article examines alternative ways in which nonprofit social welfare organizations might be held accountable for channeling illegal foreign contributions to favored political candidates. Dangers intrinsic to allowing foreign countries, foreign nationals, and foreign corporations to influence the American electoral process have justified an outright prohibition on this conduct; clandestine channeling of foreign funds directly from political organizations or indirectly through religious organizations and into the hands of political candidates has been prosecuted previously. This exploration is prompted by the emerging possibility that during the Congressional elections of 2016 and the Presidential election of that year, large-scale, illegal donations from …

Regulation Of Lawyers In Government Beyond The Representation Role, Ellen Yaroshefsky

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

The article focuses on legal ethics issues for government lawyers in the U.S. Topics discussed include laws governing disciplinary consequence for lawyers who have engaged in criminal conduct under the American Bar Association's Model Rules of Professional Conduct; the U.S. President Donald Trump's relationship with intelligence agencies; and the U.S. Supreme Court case New York Times Co. v. Sullivan on defamation.