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2019

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Italian Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L. Ssp. Multiflorum) Control In Mississippi Corn (Zea Mays L.) Production, Michael Todd Wesley Jr Dec 2019

Italian Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L. Ssp. Multiflorum) Control In Mississippi Corn (Zea Mays L.) Production, Michael Todd Wesley Jr

Theses and Dissertations

Studies were conducted in the field and in containers in Mississippi from 2017-2019 to optimize Italian ryegrass control in corn production. Most fall-applied residual herbicides provided ≥ 90% Italian ryegrass control 56 days after treatment (DAT) in both field and container experiments. Oxyflurofen provided 95% Italian ryegrass control 28 DAT but only 81% control 56 DAT in field plots. S-metolachlor plus atrazine followed by paraquat produced the highest return on investment for both site-years. The timing of removal study indicates the optimum time to remove Italian ryegrass relative to corn planting is approximately three to four weeks prior to planting. …

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Faunal Assemblages Associated With Living Shorelines And Implications For High-Wave Energy Ecosystems, Daniel Firth Dec 2019

Faunal Assemblages Associated With Living Shorelines And Implications For High-Wave Energy Ecosystems, Daniel Firth

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the main and interactive effects of nearshore breakwaters and marsh vegetation on faunal abundance and diversity along an eroded shoreline in Bon Secour Bay, Alabama. In summer 2016, eight replicates of three vegetation treatments plots (naturally vegetated, planted, and open) were established along a breakwater-protected and an adjacent no breakwater shoreline. After which, three methods were used to evaluate nekton quarterly from summer 2016 to summer 2018; Breder traps along the shoreline and lift nets and trawls in nearshore waters. Data were analyzed using the Shannon-Weiner diversity index and ANOVA. Results showed breakwaters supported significantly more abundant …

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How The Dogface Got Its Color: How Genetics And The Environment Influence Color Variation Within And Between Species In The Zerene Butterfly, Jennifer Fenner Dec 2019

How The Dogface Got Its Color: How Genetics And The Environment Influence Color Variation Within And Between Species In The Zerene Butterfly, Jennifer Fenner

Theses and Dissertations

A fundamental question in biology is: How is variation generated? At a basic level, the vast amount of variation and biodiversity is generated through a combination of genetic and environmental processes. Traditionally these processes were treated independently, but recently fields such as evolutionary development have worked to unify our understanding of these mechanisms and to investigate how these processes interact with each other to generate variation. Developmental plasticity provides a fantastic framework for studying how genetic and environmental (GxE) interactions shape and maintain natural variation. Butterflies and their wing color patterns have long been model systems for plasticity. This dissertation …

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Spatial Responses Of Adult Male White-Tailed (Odocoileus Virginianus) Deer To Hunting Risk, Ashley Chance Dec 2019

Spatial Responses Of Adult Male White-Tailed (Odocoileus Virginianus) Deer To Hunting Risk, Ashley Chance

Theses and Dissertations

Movement responses of male white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to hunting pressure vary across study systems and risk levels and may be confounded by breeding season. At the average levels of risk present on my study area (0.04 hunters/hectare/day) deer almost never altered behavior in response to hunter proximity. Home range characteristics did not predict risk exposure or risk management. Behavioral responses to levels of risk present in my study appear to be minimal, however bucks altered home range size and movements as the breeding season progressed. Most unconstrained movements occurred in early rut, with a 50% reduction during late and …

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Predation Risk Of Double-Crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax Auritus) On Commercial Catfish Production In The Mississippi Delta, Terrel Christie Dec 2019

Predation Risk Of Double-Crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax Auritus) On Commercial Catfish Production In The Mississippi Delta, Terrel Christie

Theses and Dissertations

Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) impact United States commercial aquaculture and are considered the greatest avian predators on catfish (Ictalurus spp.) aquaculture facilities in the Mississippi Delta. Recent changes in aquaculture practices, regulatory policies, and decreased overall hectares in production prompted this study that: 1) estimated abundance and distribution of cormorants at their night roosts using aerial surveys, 2) assessed cormorant consumption of catfish in relation to their night roost through cormorant collections and stomach contents analysis, and 3) updated a cormorant bioenergetics model with contemporary data to estimate catfish loss. Models estimated that 4.2 and 5 million cormorant forage days …

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Impact Of Refrigerated Storage On The Dissipation Of Woody Broiler Breast Meat, Michael Byron Dec 2019

Impact Of Refrigerated Storage On The Dissipation Of Woody Broiler Breast Meat, Michael Byron

Theses and Dissertations

Chicken breast samples, (n=90; n=30 normal, n=30 moderate woody breast (WB), n=30 severe WB) were collected from a commercial processing plant on 5 separate occasions. After 5 days of storage at 2-4 ºC, 84% of severe WB fillets dissipated to moderate WB, which was greater (P<0.05) than all other storage times. In comparison, 40-52% of the moderate WB fillets dissipated to slight WB or normal breasts after 3 to 5 days of storage. Shear force was greater (P<0.05) for normal breast meat than moderate and severe WB meat on day 0. After 2, 3, 4, and 5 days of storage the upper position (cranial part) of severe WB had greater shear force than normal fillets (P<0.05). Therefore, the dissipation that occurred in woody breast meat over refrigerated storage was apparent through palpation but did not result in improved texture in the cranial portion of the breast, based on shear force results.

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In Ovo Injection Of Probiotic Combinations And Their Impact On Broiler Chick Performance, Immune Response, And Gastrointestinal Development, Chrysta Beck Dec 2019

In Ovo Injection Of Probiotic Combinations And Their Impact On Broiler Chick Performance, Immune Response, And Gastrointestinal Development, Chrysta Beck

Theses and Dissertations

As the international poultry industry searches for antibiotic alternatives, dietary probiotic supplementation has exhibited the ability to decrease FCR, increase live weight gain, and regulate inflammatory responses within the gut of broiler chickens. The in ovo (or in egg) supplementation of probiotics has the potential for promoting early colonization of probiotic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract and providing enhanced protection against pathogens in the hatchery and grow-out facilities. In the present studies, the in ovo injection of either L. animalis + E. faecium combination or L. animalis + B. licheniformis combination on d 18 of incubation does not negatively affect …

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Docosahexaenoic Acid Consumption Impedes Early Interferon- And Chemokine-Related Gene Expression While Suppressing Silica-Triggered Flaring Of Murine Lupus, Abby D. Benninghoff, Melissa A. Bates, Preeti S. Chauhan, Kathryn A. Wierenga, Kristen N. Gilley, Andrij Holian, Jack R. Harkema, James J. Pestka Dec 2019

Docosahexaenoic Acid Consumption Impedes Early Interferon- And Chemokine-Related Gene Expression While Suppressing Silica-Triggered Flaring Of Murine Lupus, Abby D. Benninghoff, Melissa A. Bates, Preeti S. Chauhan, Kathryn A. Wierenga, Kristen N. Gilley, Andrij Holian, Jack R. Harkema, James J. Pestka

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Exposure of lupus-prone female NZBWF1 mice to respirable crystalline silica (cSiO2), a known human autoimmune trigger, initiates loss of tolerance, rapid progression of autoimmunity, and early onset of glomerulonephritis. We have previously demonstrated that dietary supplementation with the ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) suppresses autoimmune pathogenesis and nephritis in this unique model of lupus flaring. In this report, we utilized tissues from prior studies to test the hypothesis that DHA consumption interferes with upregulation of critical genes associated with cSiO2-triggered murine lupus. A NanoString nCounter platform targeting 770 immune-related genes was used to assess …

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Tensile Strength And Other Material Properties Of The Equine Suspensory Apparatus Of The Distal Phalanx And The Effect Of Specimen Size, Tensile Load Orientation, And Freezing On Determination Of The Material Properties, Benjamin E. Nabors Dec 2019

Tensile Strength And Other Material Properties Of The Equine Suspensory Apparatus Of The Distal Phalanx And The Effect Of Specimen Size, Tensile Load Orientation, And Freezing On Determination Of The Material Properties, Benjamin E. Nabors

Theses and Dissertations

The suspensory apparatus of the distal phalanx (SADP) is an intricate adaptation of dermal and epidermal tissue that has a specialized role in the horse to absorb concussion while suspending the weight of the horse from within the hoof. The integrity of the hoof-bone connection is critical to the health of the horse and it can be affected by numerous disorders that cause it to fail. Accurate data on the ultimate tensile strength and other material properties of the SADP are important in modeling the behavior of the tissue under load and selecting appropriate prevention and treatment strategies for disorders …

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The Binding Modes Of Diminazene Aceturate With C-Myc G-Quadruplexes, Jerrano Bowleg Dec 2019

The Binding Modes Of Diminazene Aceturate With C-Myc G-Quadruplexes, Jerrano Bowleg

Theses and Dissertations

Interactions between DNA and ligands are important in the rational design of drugs and in research into DNA function. In particular, the interaction of DMZ with DNA structures named “G-quadruplexes” was considered. G-quadruplexes are structures present in telomeres and several oncogenes. The main purpose of this project was to provide a computational tool to study DNA ligand interactions using a variety of molecular modeling techniques that include molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations (MD) and MM/PBSA (Molecular Mechanics/Poisson Boltzmann Surface Area). We investigated the binding modes and binding affinities of DMZ with c-MYC G-quadruplexes (G4s). We found that the conformation and …

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The Impact Of Utilizing Peer Mentoring Interactions, New Laboratory Experiments, And Writing-To-Learn Practices In Undergraduate Chemistry Education, Dulani Samarasekara Dec 2019

The Impact Of Utilizing Peer Mentoring Interactions, New Laboratory Experiments, And Writing-To-Learn Practices In Undergraduate Chemistry Education, Dulani Samarasekara

Theses and Dissertations

High attrition rates in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields are major challenges in undergraduate education. Many students enrolled in STEM fields end up switching their majors to non-STEM fields or leave college without earning any academic qualification. Due to these reasons, the United States is facing a critical shortage of future talented STEM personnel in the domestic workforce. Therefore, graduating a sufficient number of talented students in STEM fields has come to national attention. It is important to examine strategies for improving STEM-major retention and undergraduate education in STEM disciplines. The main purpose of this study was to …

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The Morphology, Pigmentation, And Development Of Structural Coloration In Vanessa Cardui (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), Emily A. Shelby Dec 2019

The Morphology, Pigmentation, And Development Of Structural Coloration In Vanessa Cardui (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), Emily A. Shelby

Theses and Dissertations

Butterfly wing color patterns are produced by the placement of monochromatic scales that have specific colors due to pigmentation, nanostructures, or a combination of both. Structural coloration results from the interference of light from the architecture of the nanostructures. Structural coloration in butterfly scales has been studied optically, but little is known about the mechanisms used to create these scales compared to scales without structural coloration. Light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy were used to determine underlying morphological, pigmentation, and developmental differences between blue (i.e., structural) and black (i.e., nonstructural) wing scales of Vanessa cardui. Differences in scale size, pigmentation, …

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Understanding The Effects Of Mass Mortality Events On Plant Communities And Consumer Behavior, Carolina Baruzzi Dec 2019

Understanding The Effects Of Mass Mortality Events On Plant Communities And Consumer Behavior, Carolina Baruzzi

Theses and Dissertations

Mass mortality events (MMEs) are die-offs that result in increased carrion biomass and sometimes the impairment of functional roles. Concurrently, several vulture species are declining. Carrion is a basal resource in ecosystems and its recycling by vultures is considered an ecosystem service. However, the consequences of simultaneously increasing carrion loads and declining vulture populations are unknown. I developed a theoretical framework predicting that, with increasing carrion biomass, carrion food web diversity would increase horizontally and vertically, respectively increasing and decreasing carrion recycling efficiency. Using a manipulative experiment, I investigated the role of bottom-up and top-down forces affecting plant communities during …

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Vegetable, Dietary Fiber Consumption And Obesity In Japan And The United States, Megumi Hashida Dec 2019

Vegetable, Dietary Fiber Consumption And Obesity In Japan And The United States, Megumi Hashida

Theses and Dissertations

The US and Japanese populations do not meet recommended DF intakes. This study indicated the relationship between the variety of vegetables available in markets and vegetable consumption in the US and Japan. The number of vegetables available in markets was determined using online resources from five markets in each country. Mean number of vegetable products in the US was 104.4 products (SD: ±36.8) and mean number of vegetable products in the Japanese markets was 120.2 products (SD: ±15.6). There was no significant relationship between the variety of vegetables in markets and vegetable consumption between the US and Japan. This study …

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Reduced Herbicide Antagonism Through Novel Spray Application Techniques, Luke H. Merritt Dec 2019

Reduced Herbicide Antagonism Through Novel Spray Application Techniques, Luke H. Merritt

Theses and Dissertations

Field studies were conducted to test three application methods for applying antagonistic herbicide combinations: 1) tank mix (TMX), 2) mix-in-line (MIL), and 3) separate boom (SPB). Sethoxydim applied with bentazon, glyphosate applied with dicamba or 2,4-D, and clethodim applied with dicamba or 2,4-D had higher efficacy when applied using the SPB method. Antagonism of all the herbicide combinations above was observed when applied using the TMX and MIL methods. In some cases, antagonism was avoided when using the SPB method. Three application methods tested in greenhouse studies were 1) TMX, 2) synthetic auxin applied first (AAF), and 3) synthetic auxin …

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Zoonotic Risk Of Emerging Influenza Viruses From Domestic Animals, Sherry Blackmon Dec 2019

Zoonotic Risk Of Emerging Influenza Viruses From Domestic Animals, Sherry Blackmon

Theses and Dissertations

Influenza poses a significant global health risk due to the high morbidity and mortality associated with endemic strains and the pandemic potential of novel strains. This research characterizes the zoonotic risk of emerging influenza viruses from domestic animals. Chapter two investigates the genetic compatibility of pandemic H1N1 and emerging canine influenza H3N2 (CIV-H3N2), first identified in dogs in 2007 and currently responsible for outbreaks in shelters in the U.S. We generated 51 of the 127 possible reassortant viruses: 19 showed high-growth phenotypes and 13 replicated in mice lungs. A reassortant with the HA and NP genes derived from CIV-H3N2 transmitted …

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Minutes Of The Annual Meeting Of The Wyoming State Bar, Wyoming State Bar Dec 2019

Minutes Of The Annual Meeting Of The Wyoming State Bar, Wyoming State Bar

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Products Liability - The Defense Of Products Liability Cases, James Barton Phelps Dec 2019

Products Liability - The Defense Of Products Liability Cases, James Barton Phelps

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Reviewability Of Administrative Action In Wyoming, Richard T. Anderson Dec 2019

Reviewability Of Administrative Action In Wyoming, Richard T. Anderson

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Administrative Rule Making In Wyoming, Alex Abeyta, Jr. Dec 2019

Administrative Rule Making In Wyoming, Alex Abeyta, Jr.

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Investigatory Powers Of Administrative Agencies In Wyoming, Duane C. Buchholtz Dec 2019

Investigatory Powers Of Administrative Agencies In Wyoming, Duane C. Buchholtz

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Development Of The Administrative Process In Wyoming (A Historical Sketch), Ralph M. Wade Dec 2019

Development Of The Administrative Process In Wyoming (A Historical Sketch), Ralph M. Wade

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Are There Individual Property Rights In Clouds, Ralph M. Wade Dec 2019

Are There Individual Property Rights In Clouds, Ralph M. Wade

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Incorporating Non-Testamentary Documents Into A Will, Thomas E. Lubnau Dec 2019

Incorporating Non-Testamentary Documents Into A Will, Thomas E. Lubnau

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Secured Transactions Under The Commercial Code, E. George Rudolph Dec 2019

Secured Transactions Under The Commercial Code, E. George Rudolph

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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The Legal Aspects Of Major Programs Administered By The United States Department Of Agriculture, Frank A. Barrett Dec 2019

The Legal Aspects Of Major Programs Administered By The United States Department Of Agriculture, Frank A. Barrett

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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The Federal Exploratory Unit Agreement: Its Advantages And Disadvantages Insofar As The Fee Mineral Owner Is Concerned, T. J. Files Dec 2019

The Federal Exploratory Unit Agreement: Its Advantages And Disadvantages Insofar As The Fee Mineral Owner Is Concerned, T. J. Files

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Surface Damages - Claims By Surface Estate Owner Against Mineral Estate Owner, Harry A. Thompson Dec 2019

Surface Damages - Claims By Surface Estate Owner Against Mineral Estate Owner, Harry A. Thompson

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Manufacturers' Liability For Breach Of An Implied Warranty, Richard E. Day Dec 2019

Manufacturers' Liability For Breach Of An Implied Warranty, Richard E. Day

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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The Administration Of Law In Yellowstone National Park, James W. Brown Dec 2019

The Administration Of Law In Yellowstone National Park, James W. Brown

Wyoming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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