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Emily Dickinson's Echology: A Listener's Reconceptualization Of Citizenship, Consciousness, And The World, Beth Ann Staley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

What I call Emily Dickinson’s “echology” combines the terms “echo” and “ecology” to understand how Dickinson’s work echoes – and is an echo – of the world and how, consequently, her work resides not just in her handwritten documents and their publication in various editions but in an ecology that’s tied to the earth that hosted her, the air that faced her, and the sea kept her listening. To assess the critical value of Dickinson’s echology, this dissertation begins by apprehending how the story of the echo is a story about sound masking, specifically about how the echo that is …

A Critical Assessment On The Resources And Extraction Of Rare Earth Elements From Acid Mine Drainage, Christopher R. Vass

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Rare earth elements (REEs) are crucial to many modern products used in both civilian and defense applications. Currently, a reliable supply of these elements is uncertain with the clear majority of REE production and refining occurring predominately in China. Furthermore, domestic ore deposits with commercially attractive concentrations of REEs are uncommon in the United States. As a result, the identification of a domestic supply of these technology metals is essential not only for manufacturing consumer merchandise but also for national security. Recently, one promising source of REEs has been identified: coal and coal-byproducts. One of those is acid mine drainage …

Stockmanship Education And Evaluation, John K. Yost

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation documents two separate works. The first is an evaluation of WVU SFMS/SOIDC Large Animal Module and the second is the development and use of the Stockman’s Scorecard. The WVU SFMS/SOIDC Large Animal Module provides foundational information on food animal husbandry and veterinary procedures to SOF Combat Medic candidates. A quasi-experimental design was used to determine if the module content resulted in an increase in food animal production knowledge for the participants. Seventy-five percent of the subjects had no previous livestock exposure and only seven percent had previously participated in 4-H or FFA. Matched pair analysis determined that the …

Regulator Of G Protein Signaling-12 (Rgs12) In Dopaminergic And Kappa Opioid Receptor-Dependent Signaling And Behavior, Joshua David Gross

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Dopaminergic neurotransmission is critically involved in the etiology and treatment of many psychiatric and neurological disorders. One modulator of dopaminergic neurotransmission is the kappa opioid receptor (KOR) -- a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is densely expressed within dopaminergic neurons and circuits. GPCRs are tightly regulated by a variety of intracellular signaling molecules, including Regulator of G Protein Signaling (RGS) proteins. Canonically, RGS proteins act as GTPase accelerating proteins (GAPs) on GTP-bound Ga subunits following GPCR activation, thereby hastening the rate at which GPCR-mediated G protein signaling is terminated. However, some RGS proteins exhibit more complex mechanisms of action on …

Investigation Of Bovine Conceptus Galectins And The Effect Of Bovine Conceptus Secretory Proteins On The Endometrial Epithelial Transcriptome, Heather Lynn Baldwin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Pregnancy loss in cattle is greatest in the first 30 days of gestation. Near d15 of gestation, bovine conceptuses elongate and express LGALS1, an immunosuppressive glycan-binding protein believed to be essential for implantation. However, other members of the bovine galectin family, including LGALS3, LGALS4, LGALS7, LGALS8, LGALS9 and a galectin-13-like gene (LGALS13L), also may be expressed by the elongating conceptus. Therefore, galectin expression in elongating, d16 bovine conceptuses and intercaruncular endometrium as well as elongating, d14 ovine conceptuses and intercaruncular endometrium was assessed by RT-qPCR. Angus heifer and Texel ewes underwent estrous cycle synchronization and either inseminated or not bred. …

Copper-Catalyzed Regioselective Boracarboxylation Of Vinyl Arenes: Catalytic Efficiency And Synthetic Utility, Trina M. Perrone

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Hetero(element) carboxylation is an appealing transformation that involves the installation of CO2 and another hetero(element) in one step. This transition metal-catalyzed one-pot synthesis provides a route to achieve highly functionalized carboxylic acid products with an abundant and cheap C1 feedstock. This difunctionalization also avoids the use of reactive metal hydride species, which is a prominent limitation of hydrocarboxylation chemistry. A copper-catalyzed regioselective boracarboxylation of vinyl arenes has been developed to access pharmaceutically relevant β-boryl-α-aryl propionic acid products. One drawback of this reaction is the necessity for high catalyst loading to achieve catalytic turnover. To circumvent this issue, the reduction of …

Evaluating Post-Fire Plantation Restoration In A Mixed Conifer Forest In The Sierra Nevada, Iris C. Allen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Forests in the western United States have experienced a shift from historical disturbance regimes in the past century. Many of these changes were induced by European settlers logging the forests and suppressing fires. In the past, the dry mixed conifer forests of California’s Sierra Nevada mountains experience frequent, low to mixed severity fires. This fire regime helped maintain a heterogeneous landscape comprised of groups of trees and openings. However, due to fire suppression and high grading logging, forest structure has changed; there are less openings and more small, fire-intolerant trees that can carry a fire into the forests crown. The …

Untangling The Reciprocal Relation Of The Behavioral And Physiological Immune Systems, Baris Sevi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the past decade, there has been an exponential increase in the study of the Behavioral Immune System (BIS), a suite of psychological processes that serves an infectious disease avoidance function. The BIS is proposed to be inherently intertwined with the physiological immune system. However, very few studies have actually demonstrated this fundamental, theoretical assumption. The purpose of this thesis was to test the possible relation between the physiological and behavioral immune systems in two studies. In Study 1 (N = 388), the relation between implied activation of the physiological immune system and BIS sensitivity was examined. Participants who reported …

Behavioral And Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Magl Inhibition In A Mouse Model Of Inflammatory Arthritis, Floyd Franklin Steele Iii

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cannabinoids have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. For example, in preclinical models of acute inflammatory pain, cannabinoid receptor subtype 2 (i.e., CB_2, Table 1) agonists decrease paw inflammation and resulting pain. Yet, the anti-inflammatory properties of cannabinoid receptor manipulation in chronic inflammatory pain states are unknown. Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) is the primary catabolic enzyme of the endocannabinoid (i.e., endogenous cannabinoid ligand) 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (i.e., 2-AG). Compounds that inhibit MAGL indirectly increase tissue levels of 2-AG by preventing its catabolism. MAGL inhibitors demonstrate efficacy in acute models of inflammatory/rheumatic disease. Thus, in this study, the MAGL inhibitor JZL184 was tested …

Distribution And Habitat Use Of Benthic Fishes In The Lower Kanawha River, West Virginia, Nathaniel V. Owens

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Kanawha River in West Virginia is a historically diverse system in terms of ichthyofauna although, like many other large rivers, it has been subjected to a suite of anthropomorphic perturbations. These include this system being modified to allow the passage of commercial vessels for industry thus altering flow regimes, increased sedimentation, water depth, and channelization, and decreased interactions with its floodplain. Additionally, the fishes of this system have suffered from deleterious historical water quality issues caused by intensive timber operations, mining, and industrial waste. Post Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, and Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act water …

Genetic And Pharmacologic Studies Towards Prevention Of Opioid Use Disorder, Shane W. Kaski

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Endogenous opioids mediate both analgesic and affective responses to stress. While the mu opioid receptor (MOR) produces the reinforcing euphoric effects responsible for the high abuse potential of traditional opioid analgesics, the kappa opioid receptor (KOR) is hypothesized to mediate the dysphoric component of stress. With increasing rates of opioid addiction, extensive research efforts are focused on better understanding each of these systems and how they interact, with the goal of developing less addictive pain management strategies and better approaches to addiction treatment. With this in mind, we conducted both clinical and pre-clinical studies aimed at developing better treatment strategies …

The Vaccine Race In The 21st Century, Ana Santos Rutschman

Faculty Publications

In a world where infectious diseases spread at increasingly faster rates, the development of new human vaccines remains a priority in biopharmaceutical innovation. Legal scholars have addressed different aspects of vaccine regulation and administration, but less attention has been paid to the role of laws governing innovation during the stages of research and development (“R&D”) of vaccines.

This Article explores the race to develop new vaccines from its beginnings through the early twenty-first century, with a focus on the progressively pervasive role of intellectual property in governing vaccine innovation. It describes the insufficiencies of current innovation regimes in promoting socially …

Abstraction,Filtration, And Comparison In Patent Law, Michael Risch

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

About A Revolution: Toward Integrated Treatment In Drug And Mental Health Courts, Sara Gordon

All Faculty Publications

and mental health courts, which proponents claim created a revolution in criminal justice. Defendants whose underlying crime is the result of a substance use disorder or a mental health disorder can choose to be diverted into a specialty court, where they receive treatment instead of punishment. Many of these individuals, however, do not just suffer from a substance use disorder or a mental health disorder; instead, many have a “cooccurring disorder.” Approximately 8.9 million American adults have co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders, and almost half of individuals who meet diagnostic criteria for one disorder will also meet criteria …

Validation Of Reference Genes For Quantitative Expression Analysis By Qpcr In Various Tissues Of Date Mussel (Lithophaga Lithophaga), Urska Sivka

Turkish Journal of Zoology

qPCR is a very popular method for identifying nucleotide sequences as a result of its sensitivity and relatively low cost and technical simplicity. Normalization is one of the most important steps in analyzing qPCR data and the use of reference genes is the most common normalization strategy. In the present study five commonly used reference genes (18S, 28S, ef1a, ß-act, and ?-tub) were evaluated for their stability in the mantle, gill, foot, and pallial gland of date mussel (L. lithophaga) in different seasons. Four different software packages were used for evaluation: geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder. Although these programs contain …

Acute And Chronic Effects Of Thifluzamide On Daphnia Magna, Feyza İçoğlu Aksakal

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Thifluzamide is a thiazole carboxanilide fungicide used to control a wide range of basidiomycete diseases on maize, potatoes, rice, and other crops. Although this fungicide is found in aquatic environments, there is no information about its acute and chronic toxicity on aquatic invertebrates. In the present study, to investigate acute and chronic toxicity of thifluzamide, daphnids were exposed to 1.25, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 mg/L thifluzamide for 48 h and 21 days, respectively. The expression of four oxidative stress-related genes (CAT, GCLC, GST, and GPX) and life-history parameters such as days to the first brood, days to the first egg …

Investigation Of Gh And Ghr Alu I Gene Polymorphisms On Meat Yields In Anatolian Water Buffalo Breed Using Pcr-Rflp Method, Yusuf Özşensoy, Haki̇ Kara

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The Anatolian water buffalo is a native water buffalo breed only being reared in Turkey. The objective of this study was to investigate gene polymorphisms on exons 4 and 5 of the growth hormone (GH) and on exon 10 of the growth hormone receptor (GHR), which are thought to be related to meat yields of Anatolian water buffalo. Blood samples of 192 water buffaloes from Sivas Province were used in DNA extractions by phenol-chloroform method. DNA samples were amplified by using specific primers in PCR. PCR products were digested by Alu I (GH, n: 167) and Alu I (GHR, n: …

Pelvic And Sacral Size Dimorphism And Allometry In Two Predatory Carnivores With Different Life Histories And Locomotory Adaptations, Alexander Csanady, Peter Krisovsky, Ladislav Hloska

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) of the wolf and the lynx was evaluated for 15 pelvic and sacral variables in 48 specimens from the Western Carpathians. Our data confirmed small male-biased SSD in the pelvic and sacral bones for both species. We suggest that this can be explained by the need for a compromise between requirements for locomotion and giving birth. We also confirmed that significant differences exist between the species in the size of the pelvic and sacral bones. We discuss our findings in light of the species? different life histories.

All Aspects Of The Toxic Effects Of Lipopolysaccharide On Rat Liver And The Protective Effect Of Vitamin E And Sodium Selenite, Di̇lek Pandir, Sedat Per, Züleyha Doğanyi̇ği̇t, Fati̇h Oğuz Bekdemi̇r, Gülşi̇fe Gök, Ali̇ Demi̇rbağ

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This work was planned to research the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or vitamin E (VE) and sodium selenite (SS), which have antioxidant properties, administered to the liver tissue of male rats. For this purpose, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, antioxidant capacity, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling assay, liver function, and DNA structure tests were performed. The lipid profile was also evaluated in this study. Rats that were administered LPS were treated with VE and/or SS. The liver function tests and lipid profile parameters showed statistically significant changes and histological alterations in the LPS treated groups. The number of cells entering apoptosis …

Two New Species Of Dipoena Thorell, 1869 (Araneae, Theridiidae) From Wuling Mountains, China, Su Fang Yang, Muhammad Irfan, Ping Liu, Xianjin Peng

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Dipoena crescenta sp. nov. and D. lirata sp. nov., both represented by males and females, are described and illustrated from the Wuling Mountains of China. Detailed morphological descriptions of both new species are given. The body and the copulatory organs are photographed and illustrated. A distribution map is provided.

On Tooth Anomalies And The Loss Of Canis Lupus (Mammalia: Carnivora) In Turkey, Eli̇f Yildiz Ay, İrfan Albayrak

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Because of their feeding habits, which are affected by their ranking in the last steps of the food chain, the teeth of carnivores are subjected to great forces during the breaking up and chewing of food when they are hunting. In this sense, missing teeth and tooth anomalies are common in carnivores. This research was based on an examination of the properties of the tooth structures of 25 wolf specimens collected in Turkey between 2014 and 2018. In this study, the excess and missing teeth, tooth fracture, and root anomalies in the lower and upper jaw of the head skeletons …

Heavy Metal Accumulation As A Threat To The Endangered Egyptian Vulture(Neophron Percnopterus L.) In Turkey, Eli̇f Yamaç, Menekşe Özden, Sunay Balaban, Semra Malkoç

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Due to anthropogenic activity, most vulture species are threatened. Neophron percnopterus, the Egyptian vulture, is a vulture species with a declining population. One of the most important factors threatening the species is exposure to chemicals. The second largest population of this bird species is found in Turkey. Accumulation of heavy metals for this species has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to detect and measure As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn values in the feathers of Neophron percnopterus. Calamis and vane, which are different part of the feathers, were analyzed separately with ICP-OES. According …

Assessment Of The Incubation Period For Each Sex Of Turkish Semiwild Northern Bald Ibis (Geronticus Eremita), Ahmet Kiliç, Ersi̇n Uysal

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The semiwild population of Northern Bald Ibises (Geronticus eremita) at Birecik, Turkey, are the final representatives of the Eastern population of the species in the Middle East, apart from a few captive birds in Turkish zoos. This study took place between 2012 and 2015. Breeding is highly synchronized among the colony and incubation behavior was monitored for multiple nests throughout the day. Differences were found when incubation duty period was examined according to sex. In 2013, the incubation period varied significantly between males and females (F = 71.059, P < 0.001). The female incubated eggs for 178.42 min per day on average, while the male incubated for 233.69 min per day on average. A significant difference in incubation was determined between males and females (F = 91.260, P < 0.001) in 2014. Females sat on eggs for 188.06 min on average, while males sat on eggs for 244.13 min on average. In 2015 the incubation period varied significantly by sex, similar to previous years (F = 79.871, P < 0.001). The female incubated for 159.66 min in average, while the male incubated for 223.07 min on average.

Phylogenetic Relationship Among Slender Loris Species (Primates, Lorisidae: Loris) In Sri Lanka Based On Mtdna Co1 Barcoding, Saman Gamage, Faiz Marikar, Colin Groves, Craig Turner, Kalinga Padmalal, Sarath Kotagame

Turkish Journal of Zoology

There are 2 species of slender lorises found in Sri Lanka: the red slender loris, Loris tardigradus (Linnaeus, 1758), endemic to the wet zone and montane areas, and the grey slender loris, Loris lydekkerianus (Cabrera, 1908), which is widespread. In addition, currently there are 2 subspecies recognized for each of these 2 slender loris species of Sri Lanka. Yet their taxonomy, evolutionary history, and biogeography are still poorly understood, and there are some preliminary data suggesting the presence of other subspecies. In this study, we have analysed the partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene sequence of 21 Loris specimens collected …

A New Species Of Ami Pérez-Miles, 2008 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Theraphosidae) From The Amazon Rainforest, Brazil, Marlus Queiroz Almeida, Lidianne Salvatierra, José Wellington De Morais

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A new species of Ami Pérez-Miles, 2008 is described from the state of Amazonas in Brazil based on three males from Manaus. Ami valentinae sp. nov. is closely related to A. armihuariensis and A. caxiuana by the presence of a granular area on the embolus, but it differs from the first species by the presence of two retrolateral process on the male palpal tibia and differs by the latter by the morphology of the male palpal organ. A. valentinae sp. nov. is the first species of Ami reported for the Amazonas state and second species described for Brazil.

Population And Ecological Characteristics Of The Dice Snake, Natrix Tessellata(Laurenti, 1768), In Lower Portions Of The Vrbanja River(Republic Of Srpska, Bosnia And Herzegovina), Goran Sukalo, Sonja Nikolic, Dejan Dmitrovic, Ljiljana Tomovic

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Despite their comparative richness and accessibility in the Republic of Srpska and in Bosnia and Herzegovina in general, population studies of reptiles have not been performed in Srpska until recently. For example, one of the most common snake species in this area is the dice snake; nevertheless, previous studies have only reported its distribution. The aim of the present study was to analyze characteristics of the dice snake population along the Vrbanja River. Animals were processed during 2011 throughout their activity period. In total, 199 individuals of all ages were collected. We observed substantial differences in numbers of animals captured …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Zoology

No abstract provided.

Range Extension Of Kyphosus Vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) In The Northeastern Mediterranean, İskenderun Bay, Turkey, Volkan Bariş Ki̇yağa, Si̇nan Mavruk, Caner Enver Özyurt, Erhan Akamca, Çağil Coşkun

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This paper reports the range extension of Kyphosus vaigiensis in the northeastern (NE) Mediterranean. On 18 November, 2018, a single specimen of K. vaigiensis was caught in İskenderun Bay (36°45.6' N, 35°40.8' E) by a recreational fisherman and reported through a social media application. The specimen was identified using morphological and molecular methods. Its occurrence and distribution in the NE Mediterranean were investigated based on interviews with fishers

Possible Expansion Of The Range Of Xylocopa Violacea L. (Hymenoptera, Apiformes, Apidae) In Europe, Józef Banaszak, Weronika Banaszak Cibicka, Lucyna Twerd

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The violet carpenter bee is a species which can chiefly be found around the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. This bee species has rarely been found in Poland, which is the northernmost area of its occurrence. Between 1868 and 1935, the Xylocopa violacea (Linnaeus, 1758) was observed at only 8 locations in Poland. There were then no reports of the occurrence of this bee species in Poland for 70 years. The species was noted again in 2005; between 2005 and 2017, it was noted at 20 locations. This study provides detailed data on the history of the distribution of …

Investigation Of Blood Cells Of Miniopterus Schreibersii (Mammalia: Chiroptera) In Turkey, İrfan Albayrak, Tuğba Sariçam

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This research was based on some characteristics of the erythrocyte and leukocyte cells of 9 Miniopterus schreibersii (♀♀) samples collected from Balıkesir Province in Turkey between July 2015 and September 2016. Bats were caught from an artificial cave using special nets. Blood was taken in heparinized hematocrit tubes from the forearm or tail membrane in the laboratory and the blood smears were prepared. The erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit values in the blood were determined. In M. schreibersii, the number of erythrocytes in 1 mm3 of blood was between 7.5 and 10 million, and the mean value …