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Solid Acid Catalyst Prepared Via One Step Hydrothermal Carbonization For Production Of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural In Biphasic System, Phornwimol Siabbamrung

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

As one of the most important precursor for various high-value chemicals, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a biomass-derived compound that has gained increasing chemical research and industrial interests in recent years. In this study, production of HMF from direct dehydration of glucose was investigated with various types of catalysts prepared by a modified one-step HTC method. Two type of acids were employed for the functionalization of the catalyst, namely, 2-Hydroxyethylsulfonic acid (C2H6O4S) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl), making C-SO3H and C-HCl catalysts. Moreover, both of them were synthesized by adding acrylic acid to the C-SO3H-A and C-HCl-A catalysts. Their physicochemical characteristics and catalytic …

The Synthesis Of Hyperbranched Epoxy Resin For Improvement Of Thermal, Mechanical, And Adhesion Properties Of Epoxy Adhesive, Tossapol Boonlert-Uthai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This research aimed to synthesize and characterize the hyperbranched epoxy resin synthesized by A2 + B4 polycondensation reaction consisting of bisphenol A (BPA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as A2 monomers, pentaerythritol as B4 branching monomer, and epoxide end group. There were varying PEG contents of 0, 5, 10, and 15 wt% of BPA. It was found that the synthesized resins could be confirmed by identifying the important chemical bond and possible structure by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and H- and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR and 13C-NMR) techniques. The 13C-NMR technique could identify the degree of branching (DB) of the synthesized …

Molecular Dynamics Simulation Of Phenolic Compound Adsorption On Amine-Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes, Nutapong Tanatananon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The interactions between green tea phenolic compounds, including (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC), and various amine groups functionalized on carbon nanotube (CNT) were studied by all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The amine functional groups: ethylenediamine (EDA), triethylenetetramine (TETA), and melamine (MA) were considered in this study. Simulated results showed that amine molecular structure grafted on CNT surface affected diffusion and adsorption of EGCG and EGC. The EDA-functionalized CNT (EDA/CNT) provided a strong adsorption affinity to EGCG and EGC with their bicyclic segments located within the EDA layer. It is because the functionalized-EDA structure was well-defined and given empty site …

Chemical Constituents Of Knema Angustifolia Stem And Biological Activities, Dung Le Thi Kim

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The medicinal plant Knema angustifolia has been used in Thai folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases, especially related to body tonic or blood tonic agent. Chemical data on this plant are scarce. A novel para-benzoquinone, angustiquinone (3), along with ten known compounds, rapanone (1), embelin (2), quercetin (4), kaempferol (5), bergenin (6), 11-O-acetyl bergenin (7), catechin (8), isovanillic acid (9), protocatechuic acid (10) and gallic acid (11) were isolated from the n-hexane and EtOAc extracts of the stems of K. angustifolia. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated using extensive 1D and 2D NMR analyses, high-resolution mass spectrometry along with …

Synthesis Of Chalcone Derivatives As Ampk Activators, Duy Vu Nguyen

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Diabetes and diabetic nephropathy are two noticeable disorders in modern life. Chalcones are considered as a feasible candidate for these medication disorders due to the capability to activate AMPK relating to these two diseases. A series of chalcones with A-ring possessing 2'-hydroxy-, 3',4',5'-trimethoxyacetophenones or other types and B-ring decorated with mono-, di-, trisubstitution were accomplished by Claisen–Schmidt, etherification and hydrogenation reactions in almost moderate to high yield. 3-Methoxy group was found to be the best substituent for the activity in case of monosubstitution on B-ring. 3,4-Dimethoxy and 3,4-methylenedioxy groups on B-ring (63 and 65) enhanced the activity of disubstituted chalcones …

Bioactive Compounds From Lichen Usnea Baileyi (Stirt.) Zahlbr. And Usnic Acid Derivatives, Kieu Van Nguyen

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The investigation of chemical constituents of lichen Usnea baileyi (Stirt.) Zahlbr. led to the isolation of ten new bisxanthones (US1−3, 5-11) and a new depsidone (US4). The structures were unambiguously established by the spectroscopic evidence including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, as well as comparison to literature data. Moreover, the absolute configurations were elucidated through ECD analyses, DFT-NMR calculations and subsequent DP4 probability score. The biological activities of isolated bisxanthones were evaluated for antiparasitic, cytotoxic (US1-3), antibacterial, and enzymatic inhibitory (tyrosinase and α-glucosidase) (US5-11) activities. The results revealed null to mild bioactivities against Plasmodium falciparum (antiparasitic activity) as well as …

Visualization Of Vibrational Spectra Based On Expanded Moment Of Inertia Tensor, Napat Sitthimonchai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Expanded Moment of Inertia Tensor (EMIT) is a non-Hessian-based method to evaluate a set of the normal coordinates, utilizing to calculate vibrational spectra from the molecular dynamics simulation data. Unlike the traditional moment of inertia tensor, the EMIT method constructs an atomic moment of inertia tensor situated on an individual atom in the molecule. Unfortunately, the results obtained from EMITare too complicated to visualize by naked eyes, a user-friendly visualization program is needed. In this work, we have developed a program called “EMIT Studio”, written in C++ and OpenGL Library, to visualize atomic displacement vectors, molecular normal modes, and vibrational …

Chemical Constituents And Antibacterial Activity Of Rhizomes From Globba Schomburgkii Hook.F., Naruemon Suekaew

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Globba schomburgkii Hook.f. rhizomes were extracted with dichloromethane and fractionated using column chromatography to obtain 10 fractions (FA-FJ). The most active fractions, FE and FG, were further fractionated to give seven and thirteen sub-fractions, respectively. The fractions and sub-fractions were tested for antibacterial activity using 96-well plate microdilution method. The antibacterial activity of several sub-fractions (such as FE.B, FE.C, FE.D, FG.D, FG.G, and FG.H) were higher than that of the crude extract. Chemical compositions of all fractions and sub-fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography hyphenated with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), revealing 167 compounds identified according to match between the experimental MS …

Development Of Thin-Layer Chromatography For Selective Analysis Of Volatile Compounds Using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry, Nattapat Suchatanugal

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

In this study, simple and selective solid phase extraction approach for a range of volatile compounds in perfume was developed prior to analysis with headspace solid phase micro extraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography hyphenated with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The technique relies on use of thin layer chromatography (TLC) for separation of compound along the silica gel plate followed by selective cuts of the regions of interest, desorption, HS-SPME and GC-MS analysis. The TLC separation of standard compounds using hexane and ethyl acetate (6:1 volume ratio) as the mobile phase was initially performed. The compounds was then desorbed from the TLC …

Detection Of Nitrite By Thread-Based And Paper-Based Devices By Modified Griess Reagent, Pitcha Singhaphan

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

New thread-based and paper-based devices for the determination of nitrite ions based on modified Griess reagent were developed. The surface of the materials was chemically modified with p-aminobenzoyl moiety and chromotropic acid was used as a coupling reagent. The functionalization of the materials was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. By using the thread-based device, the detection of nitrite was achieved by measuring the color band length. The optimum concentration of chromotropic acid was 5 mM in 0.10 M sulfuric acid mixed with 0.2 M citric acid. The working range was from 50 to 1,000 µM with a sample volume of 15 …

Development Of Fluorinated Rhodacyanine Analogues For Anti-Leishmaniasis, Thitiya Lasing

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Recently, fluorinated rhodacyanine has been disclosed as a highly effective agent against Leishmania donovani; it was shown that replacement of hydrogen with a fluorine atom on a benzothiazole unit significantly enhanced the anti-leishmanial activity. However, the role of the fluorine substituent in this analogue has not yet been clarified and mechanism of actions remains unclear. In this research, fifteen novel and three known fluorine-containing rhodacyanine analogues (10c, and 11a-11q) were synthesized and tested the anti-leishmanial activity against promastigote and axenic amastigote stages of L. martiniquensis and L. orientalis, the indigenous Leishmania species of Thailand. The SAR knowledge of this series …

Bioactive Compounds From Lichen Usnea Aciculifera Vain And Usnic Acid Conjugates, Truong Tuong Lam

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Phytochemical investigation of lichen Usnea aciculifera Vain led to the isolation of nine new dimeric xanthones, usneaxanthones A-I (36–44), along with 36 known compounds (1–35, 45). The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by a combination spectroscopic data (1D, 2D NMR, HRESIMS), ECD experiments, and single-crystal X-ray as well as comparison of their NMR data with those in the literature. The biological activities of isolated compounds were evaluated for antibacterial, anti-dengue and cytotoxic activites. The results revealed that depsides may have potential as lead compounds for the development of new antibacterial and anti-dengue agents. Futhermore, dimeric xanthones exhibited …

Development Of Paper-Based 3d Cell Culture Devices And Real-Time Biosensing Applications, Naricha Pupinyo

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Due to its micro fibrous pores, paper has gained traction in the use as a scaffold for 3D cell culture. To study melanoma mechanism, screening the amount of melanin production and invasion study are major keys for drug development. In this work, we developed paper-based devices for culturing melanoma cells. Through the development process, we obtained the optimal parameters, which were applied for 3 different projects; 1) Anti-melanogenic effect screening, 2) Impedance-based E-screen assay, and 3) A membrane insert for real-time invasion assay. As a result of melanin production from melanocytes, the cells can be easily observed after a few …

Evaluation Of The Outcomes And Regression Rate After Early Treatment For Retinopathy Of Prematurity Treatment In King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Yothin Titawattanakul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Primary objectives: To study the unfavorable outcomes and assess the regression rate after early treatment protocol for the ROP in KCMH. - Secondary objectives: To study the complications and evaluate the progression and recurrence of ROP requiring retreatment after early treatment protocol for the ROP in KCMH. To identify the independent risk factor for the Retinopathy of Prematurity development in KCMH. - Design: The Retrospective descriptive study and retrospective cohort study. - Participants: The study included all premature infants who were screened ROP in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital from January 2009 to January 2014. - Method: The data retrieved from …

In Vitro Safety And Permeation Assessments Of Lidocaine Loaded In Dissolving Microneedle Patch For Ocular Administration, Sirikool Thamnium

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The challenge in ocular drug delivery have brought much attention in pharmaceutical research. Efforts have been made to improve the low bioavailability causing by physiological limitations of ophthalmic drug administration. Topical lidocaine solution is a popular choice for ocular treatment, but less than 5% of topically applied dose reached to the target site. Lidocaine loaded in dissolving microneedle patch was considered a good alternative approach to treating eyes. The study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of the lidocaine loaded in dissolving microneedle administration against human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) as well as ex vivo drug target localization with tissue penetration. …

Projection And Determinants Of Cognitive Ability Among Older Persons In Thailand : Role Of Education, Paolo Miguel Vicerra

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This thesis examines the role of education on cognitive ability among the older population of Thailand. The nationally-representative data primarily utilised in this thesis is 2016 Population Change and Well-being in the Context of Aging Society. Other datasets had been used in selected themes within this thesis. Multiple analytic approaches had been applied to this study to show various effects of education gradients on cognitive functioning. In the first study, education and other covariates including income, health status, living arrangement, and social participation among others had been analysed by gender to test if the significant factors would be similar. It …

Product Space And Thailand’S Export Growth And Stability, Rungrawin Warunanont

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This research investigates the factors affecting Thailand’s export growth and stability at the product level. There are 3 key factors extracted from international trade data, which are the distance from Thailand to a product (distance), Product Complexity Index (PCI), the competition level of products. Distance reflects the potential of Thailand to successfully export the product base on existing capabilities. PCI informs the complexity of producing and exporting process of the product. The competition level illustrates the number of exporters and potential of being exported by other countries. We have found that the export of far products grow fast because there …

Development Of Ecoregion Criteria Through Assessment Of Changing Floating Vegetation: A Case Study Of Intha Communities In Inlelake, Myanmar, Saint N/A

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The Inle Lake ecoregion, one of the fresh water ecoregions in the Global 200 list of ecoregions, is facing impacts of sedimentation from upland catchments. Sediment loads and soil sediment characteristics from degraded forest of Kalaw catchment shallowed and reduced plant nutrients in the Inle Lake ecosystems where used to be well recognized for the balancing between Intha livelihoods and natural production of littoral and pelagic zones. This study aimed to assess causes of ecological function change in terms of high sediment loads influencing Intha livelihoods; floating vegetation and to propose criteria for ecoregion development concerning sustainable floating vegetation yields …

Microencapsulation Of Probiotics Using Goat Milk And Konjac Glucomannan Hydrolysate Via Spray Drying, Sudhinee Harindhanavudhi

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Probiotics are beneficial for health when consuming in a sufficient amount. However, probiotics are not tolerant to high temperatures in food processing. Microencapsulation is one technique that using to entrap probiotic cells for applying in food products. Therefore, this research is aimed to study the application of konjac glucomannan hydrolysate (KGMH) in the combination of goat milk to encapsulate Lb. casei-01 by using microencapsulation techniques via spray drying. There were three main parts of this research. Firstly, KGMH from 15-25% (w/w) KGM were determined for prebiotic activity score (PAS) in in vitro. Besides, the positive effect of KGMH in goat …

Replacement Of Milk Fat With Other Fats In Processed Cheese Analogues, Pachara Pomsang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This research is aimed to develop healthy processed cheese for Thai consumers by studying consumer needs, the physicochemical and sensory properties of the developed processed cheese. Thai consumers who concerned about their health in Bangkok (n=422) participated in a survey and 72.7% of the consumers had positive intention to the healthy cheesed product in sliced type. Eighty percent of the consumers expected their cheese product to be fortified with healthy ingredients such as antioxidants and omega fatty acids. Four processed cheese prototypes with different milk fat replacements (rice bran oil (RBO), soybean oil (SBO), palm oil (PO), and fish oil …

การสังเคราะห์งานวิจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องกับวิธีการวัดความสว่างของป้ายไฟ, ประดิษฐ์ สาระอ่อน

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาตัวแปรที่เกี่ยวข้องกับวิธีการวัดความสว่างของป้ายไฟ ใช้วิธีการสังเคราะห์ เอกสาร โดยใช้คำสำคัญที่เกี่ยวข้องกับวิธีการวัดความสว่างป้ายไฟ การสืบค้นเอกสารในฐานข้อมูลออนไลน์ ในช่วงระหว่าง ปี พ.ศ. 2540 – 2562 กลุ่มตัวอย่างในการวิจัยที่นำมาสังเคราะห์ คือ บทความวิจัย วิทยานิพนธ์ และรายงานเชิงเทคนิค จำนวน 39 เรื่อง แล้วนำมาจำแนกข้อมูลด้วยแบบบันทึกคุณลักษณะเอกสาร จากนั้นทำการคัดเลือกเอกสารที่ตรงตาม เกณฑ์การคัดเลือก ได้จำนวน 15 เรื่อง การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลในการศึกษาครั้งนี้เป็นการวิเคราะห์เชิงคุณลักษณะ โดยแบ่ง ออกเป็นสามกลุ่ม กลุ่มแรกเป็นข้อมูลทั่วไปของเอกสารกลุ่มตัวอย่าง กลุ่มที่สอง เป็นตัวแปรที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการวัดความ สว่าง และกลุ่มที่สาม เป็นวัตถุประสงค์ของการศึกษาที่ส่งผลต่อการเลือกเครื่องมือวัดและวิธีการวัดความสว่างป้ายไฟ ผลการวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลจากกลุ่มตัวอย่างสามารถสรุปได้ดังนี้ 1.) ลักษณะของป้ายไฟ ได้แก่ ป้ายไฟแบบภาพนิ่ง และป้ายไฟแบบภาพเคลื่อนไหว 2.) เครื่องมือวัดความสว่างป้ายไฟ ได้แก่ Luminance meter, HDR Camera และ Imaging Photometer 3.) ตัวแปรที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการวัดความสว่างป้ายไฟ ได้แก่ ลักษณะของป้ายไฟ ความสูงของการ ติดตั้งป้ายไฟ ระยะห่างของการวัด ขนาดของป้ายไฟ และสภาพพื้นที่หรือบริบทที่ทำการวัดป้ายไฟ 4.) วิธีการวัดความ สว่างของเครื่องมือ Luminance meter ได้แก่ การวัดแบบหลายจุดแล้วหาค่าเฉลี่ย การวัดแบบจุดซ้ าที่จุดเดิมแล้วหา ค่าเฉลี่ย การวัดแบบสัดส่วนสี และการวัดแบบต่อเนื่องโดยต่อสายสัญญาณ 5.) เครื่องมือวัดทุกชนิดสามารถใช้วัดความ สว่างป้ายไฟแบบภาพนิ่งได้ ส่วนป้ายไฟแบบภาพเคลื่อนไหวจำเป็นต้องใช้เครื่องมือ luminance meter ด้วยวิธีการวัดซ้ำและการวัดต่อเนื่องด้วยการต่อสายสัญญาณ

Culture And Heritage: A Foundation For Sustainable Development Through Understanding And Tolerance Of Cultural Differences, Melodena Stephens, Shamma Bint Sultan Bin Khalifa Al Nahyan, Frederik Panz, Filareti Kotsi

All Works

No abstract provided.

1. The “New Person Contested”: Atheist Humanist Vs. Catholic Worldviews On Transhumanism, Irene J. Dabrowski, Anthony L. Haynor

Praxis Publications

No abstract provided.

The Content-Discrimination Principle And The Impact Of Reed V. Town Of Gilbert, David L. Hudson Jr.

Law Faculty Scholarship

The content-discrimination principle remains the chief analytical tool used in First Amendment jurisprudence. Under this doctrine, laws are categorized as content-based or content-neutral. Content-based laws are subject to strict scrutiny and content-neutral ones are subject to intermediate scrutiny.

The U.S. Supreme Court ratcheted up the content-discrimination principle in Reed v. Town of Gilbert. Previously, lower courts were divided on whether a law was content-based if the underlying purpose was not to engage in censorship or content-discrimination. In Reed, however, the Court declared that the law’s purpose is not the central inquiry. It concluded that if a law draws facial distinctions …

Copyrights In Higher Education: Motivating A Research Agenda, Jacob H. Rooksby

Law Faculty Publications

The Bayh–Dole Act of 1980 enabled American universities to engage in technology transfer. Thirty years of research has investigated the legislation’s effectiveness and derivative university practices, such as the establishment of technology transfer offices. Unfortunately, the technology transfer literature has focused primarily on patenting as the primary transfer vehicle for protecting intellectual property in universities, overlooking other forms of IP ownership, such as copyrights. Legal scholarship shows, however, that universities are increasingly using copyrights to protect their intellectual property and that the number of university-held copyrights exceeds patents. This paper examines the use of copyrights to protect and transfer university …

Animated Encounters: Transnational Movements Of Chinese Animation, 1940s-1970s By Daisy Yan Du (Review), Li Guo

World Languages and Cultures Faculty Publications

In her groundbreaking monograph, Daisy Yan Du offers a rigorous discussion of Chinese animation by highlighting the historical course of Chinese animation and how animated filmmaking contests the notion of nationhood and opens up a spatialized conception of intercultural encounters and collaboration. The book contains a theoretical introduction essay, four substantial chapters, a concise epilogue, and three appendices on animated films by Mochinaga Tadahito, on leaders of Shanghai Animation Film Studio, and on major publications on Chinese animation. It contributes valuable discussions on the “disjuncture between politics and aesthetics in the sense that politics cannot fully control arts” (Du 2020, …

Milwaukee Women Rock Musicians, Rose Trupiano

Library Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Ecological Risk Assessment Of Heavy Metals In Soils From An Informal E-Waste Dismantling Site, Buriram Province, Thailand, Nisakorn Amphalop

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The research aimed to investigate the contamination and fractionations, and evaluate the ecological risk posed by heavy metals in the e-waste site in Daeng Yai and Ban Pao e-waste dismantling sites, Buriram Province, Thailand. The soil samples were taken from e-waste houses (EW), and e-waste open-burning sites (OB) as representatives of the e-waste sites, while soils from paddy fields (PF), non-e-waste houses, and groundwater wells represented the surrounding area, and the reference site was located 5 km away from the e-waste dismantling site. The soil samples were digested by aqua regia by the microwave digester for total heavy metal determination, …

Rice Granules As Natural Carrier To Encapsulate Drug And Aromatic Oils, Xue Liu

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Rice granules as major energy supply to humanity worldwide are utilized in many fields, such as food, medical, printing and plastic industries. In this thesis work, rice starch/granule is applied as hydrophilic drug (vancomycin) carrier to achieve the release. By confirmation on the stability of rice granules against to various treatments like alkali, acid and heating, as well as a-amylase, trypsin, and lipase, it is possible to use rice granules as 100% natural source to be the capsule and matrix getting the non-core-shell structure of the formation. The success of encapsulation is confirmed by the observations on crystalline, thermal properties …

Roles Of Wox On Pt/Γ-Al2o3 Catalysts On The Prevention Of Pt Metal Sintering During Hydrogenolysis Of Glycerol To 1,3-Propanediol, Poonnapa Limsoonthakul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Hydrogenolysis of glycerol to produce 1,3-propanediol is the most effective reaction which conversing excess glycerol from biodiesel production to high-value-add product ; especially, 1,3-propanediol. A solid catalyst which generally used as selective to 1,3-propanediol production is Pt-based catalyst with γ-Al2O3 supporter which was prepared by wet impregnation method in this study. Although hydrogenolysis of glycerol reaction has been carried out under mild conditions: 140 °C and 5 bar of initial H2 pressure, the deactivation of non-reduced Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalyst is observed. To investigate the deactivation of the catalyst, the used Pt/γ-Al2O3 and Pt/WOx/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were characterized by N2-physisorption, ICP-OES, SEM-EDX, XRD, …