Digital Commons Network^™

Design Of Revising Proximity Between Space And Time Cues On Flight Deck Displays To Support Nextgen – The First Phase, Chang-Geun Oh, Jennie J. Gallimore, Pamela S. Tsang

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate novel display formats to support RTA operations for near to midterm NextGen. Traditional cockpit displays separate space and time information in distant display sources in heterogeneous formats (graphics vs. text). This design composition may cause potential pilot errors when required time of arrival (RTA) obligations are imposed at every waypoint in NextGen. Pilots were randomly assigned to four different display conditions in a simulator – one traditional display with distant space and time cues, and three novel displays with close spatial proximity between the two cues. In the first phase …

Evaluating Small Uas Near Midair Collision Risk Using Aeroscope And Ads-B, Ryan J. Wallace, Kristy W. Kiernan, Tom Haritos, John Robbins, Godfrey V. D'Souza

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

As small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) continue to proliferate in the National Airspace System (NAS), near midair collisions are becoming more common. In late 2017, the National Transportation Safety Board released a report detailing the first confirmed midair collision between a sUAS and manned aircraft in the United States. In February 2018, a video of a sUAS maneuvering around a passenger jetliner on approach to a Las Vegas airport went viral on YouTube. Just months later, a helicopter instructor pilot reported performing evasive maneuvers to avoid colliding with a sUAS, resulting in a non-fatal crash. From 2014 to 2018 the …

Manned Versus Unmanned Aircraft Accidents, Including Causation And Rates, Justin A. Jaussi, Herbert O. Hoffmann

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Many consider aircraft reliability a primary deterrent to the further integration of unmanned aircraft into civil airspace. Discussions of unmanned aircraft reliability often include comparisons of accident rates of medium and large unmanned aircraft (like the MQ-1 Predator and MQ-9 Reaper) to those of manned aircraft. These comparisons, however, often consider a recent period only but do not consider platform maturity. While this approach is valid—and worthy of discussion—it does not present a complete picture of the unmanned aircraft safety record. This paper employs a chi-square goodness-of-fit approach to compare the progression of the U.S. Air Force MQ-9 mishap rate …

Assessment Of The Evolving Low-Cost Business Model For The Future Importance Of U.S. Secondary Airports, Nurettin Dinler, William B. Rankin

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Airline deregulation caused a profound reshape in the aviation industry. The liberalization of the aviation sector resulted in a favorable environment for the emergence of low-cost carriers (LCCs). Following deregulation, airlines saw many attempts at their business strategies to gain more passengers in the air transportation market. To capture additional market shares of passenger traffic, the business models of LCCs have evolved to mirror the more common business models employed by the traditional legacy airlines. The purpose of this paper was to examine what effect, if any, exists between LCCs’ market share of passenger enplanements at secondary airports and their …

Modernizing The Supply Chain Of Airbus By Integrating Rfid And Blockchain Processes, Michael D. Santonino Iii, Constantine M. Koursaris, Michael J. Williams

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Radio Frequency Identification, or RFID, has been gaining momentum within the aviation industry for improving efficiencies in the supply chain. RFID technology is not new, with many manufacturers outside of aviation being more responsive as early adopters to the technology. Currently, many of the full-scale implementation organizations from late adopters, have strategically integrated RFID technology into the manufacturing supply chain to tag parts and for airports/airlines to track baggage and passengers throughout their airport journey. Literature remains rather sparse in the implementation and success factors within the aviation supply chain as a number of businesses have kept much of the …

Design Of Revising Proximity Between Space And Time Cues On Flight Deck Displays To Support Nextgen – The Second Phase, Chang-Geun Oh, Jennie J. Gallimore, Pamela S. Tsang

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

The prior first phase of this study investigated the effectiveness of new design of flight deck display for required time of arrival operation of NextGen by collecting objective query response data during autopilot flights and subjective data about the perception between display condition and situation awareness level. To evaluate pilots’ mental workload during the operations when they interacted with novel flight deck display design, this second phase provided pilots with simulation flight tasks arriving at four successive waypoints on time in the same display conditions as the first phase and asked them to rate their mental workload ratings. The workload …

Learning From Asiana 214--Minimizing Strike/Rollover For Aircraft Rescue And Firefighting, Mary K. Gorman, Elizabeth Hendel, Douglas Mikutel, Rita I. Herron, Duane Kann

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Following the crash of Asiana flight 214 on July 6, 2013, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) provided a recommendation to the Aircraft Rescue & Fire Fighting Working Group (ARFFWG) to develop best practices to avoid strike/rollover of seriously injured or deceased persons in mass casualty situations. This paper summarizes the research process and the technical committee’s conclusions.

The qualitative inquiry used participatory research and evaluation from medico-legal professionals and the expert committee comprised of 21 aircraft rescue and firefighting experts. Key informants were complemented by documentary analysis, including FAA Advisory Circulars, regulations, standards, medical and aircraft rescue industry publications. …

Assessing The Risks: An Analysis Of Wildlife-Strike Data At The Three Busiest Brazilian Airports (2011-2016), Flavio A. C. Mendonca Ph.D., Chenyu Huang Ph.D., Thomas Q. Carney Ph.D., Mary E. Johnson Ph.D.

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Brazil is the largest country in Latin America and has a considerable amount of air traffic volume domestically and internationally. Wildlife strikes are an increasing safety and economic concern for aviation operations in Brazil. The Brazilian Aeronautical Accidents Investigation and Prevention Center (CENIPA) has published annual reports summarizing the results of analyses of the data in a national level since 2009. The goal of this study was to supplement the CENIPA’s annual reports with information derived from the analysis of wildlife strikes to aviation, during 2011-2016, from the three busiest international commercial airports in Brazil: Guarulhos, Brasília, and Galeão. A …

How Low-Cost Carriers Are Changing The Growing East Asian Travel Market, Connor Slocum

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

The Asian air travel market is currently one of the fastest growing in the world. The gross domestic travel percentage grew 4% year over year in 2014, with China, India, and Indonesia each growing over 10%. With a continually expanding middle class, India and China are expected to have the highest growth rate potential, due to the high investment in infrastructure and loosening travel restrictions (Rauch, 2015). The Asian air travel market has high potential due to many policy changes, robust economic growth, and rising incomes. As the world’s most populous continent, the Asian sector remains a big player in …

Near-Complete Genome Sequence Of A Novel Single-Stranded Rna Virus Discovered In Indoor Air, Karyna Rosario, Noah Fierer, Mya Breitbart

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Viral metagenomic analysis of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) filters recovered the near-complete genome sequence of a novel virus, named HVAC-associated RNA virus 1 (HVAC-RV1). The HVAC-RV1 genome is most similar to those of picorna-like viruses identified in arthropods but encodes a small domain observed only in negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses.

Genomic Evolution, Recombination, And Inter-Strain Diversity Of Chelonid Alphaherpesvirus 5 From Florida And Hawaii Green Sea Turtles With Fibropapillomatosis, Cheryl Morrison, Luke Iwanowicz, Thierry Work, Elizabeth Fahsbender, Mya Breitbart, Cynthia Adams, Deb Iwanowicz, Lakyn Sanders, Mathias Ackermann, Robert Cornman

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) is a herpesvirus associated with fibropapillomatosis (FP) in sea turtles worldwide. Single-locus typing has previously shown differentiation between Atlantic and Pacific strains of this virus, with low variation within each geographic clade. However, a lack of multi-locus genomic sequence data hinders understanding of the rate and mechanisms of ChHV5 evolutionary divergence, as well as how these genomic changes may contribute to differences in disease manifestation. To assess genomic variation in ChHV5 among five Hawaii and three Florida green sea turtles, we used high-throughput short-read sequencing of long-range PCR products amplified from tumor tissue using primers designed …

Lost In Translation? Non-Stem Academics In The 'Entrepreneurial' University, Derek Dodd

Plymouth Institute of Education Theses

This study set out to explore the ways in which non-STEM academics, working within UK universities that had positioned themselves publicly as ‘entrepreneurial’ institutions, interpret and negotiate the related concepts of the entrepreneurial academic and university. The entrepreneurial university concept has become a ubiquitous theme in higher education and policy literatures in recent decades, having been described variously as an ‘idea for its time’ (Shattock, 2010) and the ‘end-point of the evolution of the idea of the university’ (Barnett, 2010, p.i). This research set out to interrogate some of the key ways in which this institutional form, and the corresponding …

The Policy And Practice Of Inclusion Of Children With Specific Learning Difficulties In Mainstream Primary Girls’ Schools In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Exploring The Attitudes And Experiences Of Teachers, Amirah Alshenaifi

Plymouth Institute of Education Theses

This research project examines the implementation of the policy and practice of inclusion in girls’ primary schools of Saudi Arabia. In particular, it focuses on the work of teachers - their attitudes, beliefs, methods, and experiences - because it is they who are ultimately responsible for applying the policy by using inclusive practices in their classroom activities. Since the 1970s many countries have adopted a policy of including in mainstream schools those children with physical or cognitive impairments, or with learning difficulties. Formerly, children with special needs or learning difficulties were segregated in ‘special’ schools; this process of separation caused …

Understanding The Impact On The Wellbeing Of Students With Specific Learning Difficulties Through Teaching Interventions, Dylan K Williams

Plymouth Institute of Education Theses

The study set out to explore whether teaching methods can improve the wellbeing of students with SpLDs. This study addresses a gap in the literature, identifying wellbeing differences between different types of educational environment and SEN provisions. It explores whether there are benefits from inclusive education to student wellbeing, considering constructs of wellbeing relevant to the impact of SpLDs, synthesising pedagogic, psychotherapeutic and developmental perspectives. 74 student participants were recruited through the SEN departments of 4 UK schools - each with differing approaches to SEN support. Student participants completed two psychometric wellbeing questionnaires. They also engaged in photographic exercise, capturing …

Comparing Interventions And Beliefs About Autism And Links To Interpersonal Relatedness In Two Cities, In Turkey And England, Mahmut Serkan Yazici

Plymouth Institute of Education Theses

This thesis explores similarities and differences between interventions and beliefs about autism in Turkey and England. It is known that Turkish culture is interdependent and English culture is independent. It is also known that differences in interpersonal relatedness affect views about social behaviour, life goals and social priorities. This thesis, therefore, also explores whether interpersonal relatedness influences interventions and belief about autism in both countries. This research is based on case studies of special and mainstream schools in two cities, one in Turkey and one in England. The study used mixed research methods including questionnaires, interviews and observations. Participants included …

The Impact Of Arts Education Programmes On Anti-Racist School Practice In The South West Of England, Heather Knight

Plymouth Institute of Education Theses

In predominantly White schools, a common belief exists that anti-racist education is unnecessary, despite a rise in the number of people who admit to being racially prejudiced. A colour-blind approach, which silences issues of race, tends to dominate in schools, while, fear of ‘getting it wrong’ prevents meaningful dialogue. My thesis addresses the question, in what ways do arts programmes support anti-racist education in predominantly White areas? This includes two threads. Firstly, I take a critical race theory approach, drawing on Whiteness studies, to explore White teachers' and school students’ assumptions about racism and education. Secondly, using a critical pedagogy …

Learning To Become A Subject: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study Of Students In A Waldorf (Steiner) School In Germany, Martyn Rawson

Plymouth Institute of Education Theses

Learning to become a subject: A hermeneutic phenomenological study of students in a Waldorf (Steiner) school in Germany The centrals aim of Steiner pedagogy include enabling young people to develop as persons, to become socially responsible subjects capable of contributing constructively to society Steiner (1985) and the curriculum used in Waldorf (Steiner) schools is designed to support this process (Richter, 2016). This study focuses on the first of these aims, which I refer to as learning to become a subject, drawing on Biesta’s notion of subjectification. This inquiry seeks to understand how a group of a dozen nineteen-year-old students in …

From The Secret Garden To The Panopticon? Changing Freedoms And The Growing Crisis In Primary School Headteacher Recruitment., Paul Hodson

Plymouth Institute of Education Theses

A headteacher recruitment crisis continues in the primary education sector (Howson & Sprigate, 2011; Rhodes et al., 2008). This research offers a voice for an increasingly marginalised group and synthesises the experiences of 15 primary headteachers, including retired, experienced and new school leaders against the changing educational scenery of four decades. An extended metaphor describing a changing epistemological landscape is utilised (Pascale, 2011), including dramaturgical discourse (Goffman, 1974). The research assesses whether the lived experiences of school leaders evidence a supposed movement away from the ‘freedom’ of the ‘secret garden’ of the pre-National Curriculum era to a time of reducing …

A Centuries-Long Delay Between A Paleo-Ice-Shelf Collapse And Grounding-Line Retreat In The Whales Deep Basin, Eastern Ross Sea, Antarctica, Philip J. Bart, Matthew Decesare, Brad E. Rosenheim, Wojceich Majewski, Austin Mcglannan

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Recent thinning and loss of Antarctic ice shelves has been followed by near synchronous acceleration of ice flow that may eventually lead to sustained deflation and significant contraction in the extent of grounded and floating ice. Here, we present radiocarbon dates from foraminifera that constrain the time elapsed between a previously described paleo-ice-shelf collapse and the subsequent major grounding-line retreat in the Whales Deep Basin (WDB) of eastern Ross Sea. The dates indicate that West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) grounding-line retreat from the continental shelf edge was underway prior to 14.7 ± 0.4 cal kyr BP. A paleo-ice-shelf collapse occurred …

University And Law School Personnel, South Dakota Law Review

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Foundations In Wisconsin: A Directory (37th Ed. 2018), Mary C. Frenn, John Francis Brick, Clare Casey, Jeremy Cluth, Kathryn Hendrickson, Madeline Murphy, Sareene Proodian

Foundations in Wisconsin: A Directory

The 2018 edition of Foundations in Wisconsin is the 37th edition of the print directory and the 18th year of the online version. The directory is designed as a research tool for grantseekers interested in locating information on private, corporate, and community foundations registered in Wisconsin. Each entry in this new edition has been updated or reviewed to provide the most current information available. Most of the data was drawn from IRS 990-PF tax returns filed by the foundations. Additional information was obtained from surveys, foundation websites, and annual reports.

Autonomous Biogeochemical Floats Detect Significant Carbon Dioxide Outgassing In The High-Latitude Southern Ocean, Alison R. Gray, Kenneth S. Johnson, Seth M. Bushinsky, Stephen C. Riser, Joellen L. Russell, Lynne D. Talley, Rik Wanninkhof, Nancy L. Williams, Jorge L. Sarmiento

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Although the Southern Ocean is thought to account for a significant portion of the contemporary oceanic uptake of carbon dioxide (CO₂), flux estimates in this region are based on sparse observations that are strongly biased toward summer. Here we present new estimates of Southern Ocean air-sea CO₂ fluxes calculated with measurements from biogeochemical profiling floats deployed by the Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling project during 2014–2017. Compared to ship-based CO₂ flux estimates, the float-based fluxes find significantly stronger outgassing in the zone around Antarctica where carbon-rich deep waters upwell to the surface ocean. …

A Critical Examination Of The Police Use Of Tasers, Jodie Nash

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

This study explored the police use of Tasers and how this has an impact on matters such as public confidence, governance, welfare of officers and holding the police accountable. This topic was chosen due to the lack of academic coverage that it has received and its need to be further developed for the purpose of creating more understanding around the matter. It was also chosen as a result of recent and ongoing speculation on the issue and due to its current relevance seen because of recent incidents that may either support or contradict a more elevated use of Tasers by …

First World Problems, Developing World Impacts: An Assessment Of The Adequacy Of The Law On Shipbreaking, Shannen Trout

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

Shipbreaking, or recycling, is a potentially destructive practice reflecting many dimensions to the modern sustainable development debate. It engages a suite of legal issues and has prompted discussion between professionals concerned with the environment, the economy and workplace ethics. This article seeks, first, to identify the breadth of issues that arise within the shipbreaking industry; and then proceeds to discuss the legal frameworks that regulate the trade, their effectiveness or otherwise; and concludes that the overall efforts to impose legislative or other regulatory systems, internationally and domestically, are far from what is needed in order to reform shipbreaking into a …

Practitioner To Academic: A Reflective And Personal Account, Luke Fisher

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

No abstract provided.

Medical Law At Plymouth: A Different Approach, Pippa Trimble

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

No abstract provided.

Editorial: 24th Pilgrim Father's Lecture: The Right Hon Lady Black Of Derwent Dbe, Justice Of The Supreme Court, Kim Stevenson, Gareth Addidle, Jason Lowther

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

No abstract provided.

Criminology On The Buses, How Do Structures Of Neoliberalism And Culture Impact Crime And Role Performance Within The Bus Industry, Thomas Roscoe

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

The bus industry within the United Kingdom accounted for four and a half billion local journeys to year ending March 2016 (Department for Transport, 2016). With so many journeys being made there needs to be a focus on safety for passengers, whilst there are extensive laws in place and bodies such as the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to govern the operation of bus services, there has been little criminological focus on the crimes and harms that occur within the industry. Typically, crime on buses has formed a sub section for wider spatial studies of crime, or crimes, which …

The Position Of The Estate Owner And The Adverse Possessor, A Comparison Between England And Wales, Scotland And The Republic Of Ireland, Victoria Boruta

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

This article analyses the concept of the doctrine of adverse possession by comparing the legal position of the estate owner and the adverse possessor in three legal systems, England and Wales, Scotland and the Republic of Ireland, with a view to identifying which jurisdiction offers more protection to each party. It explores the theoretical underpinnings of adverse possession in the context of the shifting priorities of land law more generally.

Identifying Factors That Influence The Use Of Dark Web Cryptomarkets: Qualitative Interviews With Cryptomarket Users, Michael Felstead

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

Dark Web cryptomarkets represent a phenomenon in modern criminality and their study is of key importance to contemporary criminology. This study aims to identify factors that influence the use of cryptomarkets and to gain further insight into the opinions and experiences of their users. The aims of the study were achieved by identifying multiple cryptomarket users through snowball sampling and conducting a series of semi structured interviews. Users described quality, anonymity and harm reduction as major influencing factors of their cryptomarket use. Participants displayed the qualities of a rational consumer orientation and explained that their use of cryptomarkets was linked …