Digital Commons Network^™

“To Save Succeeding Generations From The Scourge Of War”: An Examination Of United Nations Peace Keeping And Support Provided By External Actors, Jack Lashendock

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

2018 marks the 70th Anniversary of the beginning of United Nations Peacekeeping. In the past seven decades, hundreds of thousands of men and women, from nearly every nation, have put themselves in harm’s way in the name of peace. As conflicts continue to affect the lives of millions of people, peacekeeping has never been more important.

This paper seeks to examine United Nations peacekeeping and the role of various actors in helping them to achieve the lofty goal of sustainable and stable peace. By utilizing academic literature, primary sources, and expert interviews, this paper will analyze United Nations peacekeeping and …

Engaging English Speaking Facebook Users In An Anti-Isis Awareness Campaign, Dr. Anne Speckhard, Ardian Shajkovci, Claire Wooster, Neima Izadi

Journal of Strategic Security

This article reports on The International Center for Study of Violent Extremism (ICSVE’s) small-scale Facebook ad awareness campaigns ran between December 7, 2017 and December 31, 2017 in the United States, UK, Canada, and Australia. Two ICSVE-produced videos were used, namely The Promises of ad-Dawlah to Women, featuring the testimony of a Belgian female ISIS defector, and Today is the Female Slave Market in ad-Dawlah, featuring a Syrian male ISIS defector who witnessed the sexual enslavement of women by ISIS. The purpose of the campaign was to reach as many English-speaking individuals in U.S., UK, Canada, and Australia to drive …

Causal Versus Consequential Motives In Mental Models Of Agent Social And Economic Action: Experiments, And The Neoclassical Diversion In Economics, Vernon L. Smith

ESI Working Papers

"In this paper I want to begin with the neoclassical supply and demand model of markets (SDM), whose static equilibrium consequences predicted outcomes far more accurately than were anticipated in laboratory experimental tests of the theory actuated by Jevons (1862, 1871; Smith, 1962). The observed predictive accuracy of SDM was not anticipated because complete information on supply and demand was widely believed, thought and taught to be a necessary condition for finding equilibrium. 1 Jevons’ model required him to have complete information in any particular market, as he only articulated a model of market optimal outcomes, and no model of …

The Virtues Of Complexity: Judge Marrero's Systemic Account Of Litigation Abuse, Charles M. Yablon

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Calvin S. Smith: 'Utah’S Fighting Chaplain', Kenneth L. Alford Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

This article shares the World War I experiences of Chaplain Calvin S. Smith, son of Latter-day Saint Church President Joseph F. Smith. From 1910-1913 he served as a missionary from The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Chaplain Smith was one of three Latter-day Saint chaplains who served in WWI. After commissioning, he reported for service to Camp Lewis, Washington. He saw extensive combat during three major offensives: St. Mihiel, Meuse-Argonne, and Lys-Scheldt with service in France and Belgium. He was wounded twice. This article portrays the daily combat life of an American division chaplain, burial duty, support operations, …

Time Sensitive Functionals Of Marked Random Measures In Real Time, Kizza M. Nandyose Frisbee

Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation, we study marked random measures that model stochastic networks (under attacks), status of queueing systems during vacation modes, responses to cancer treatments (such as chemotherapy and radiation), hostile actions in economics and warfare. We extend the recently developed time sensitivity technique for investigating the processes’ behavior about a fixed threshold to a novel time sensitive technique in three important directions: (1) real-time monotone stochastic processes; (2) two-dimensional signed random measures; and (3) antagonistic stochastic games with two active players and one passive player. The need for the time sensitive feature in our study (i.e., an analytical association …

Protest And Progress: Black Seventh-Day Adventist Leadership And The Push For Parity [Book Review] / Calvin Rock, Trevor O'Reggio

Faculty Publications

Rock has carefully crafted and persuasively argued a historically well-documented and powerful account of the struggles of African-Americans to achieve some level of equality and justice within the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Because of the paucity of this information within the larger Adventist historiography, his book is a much-needed work that fills a vacuum. It should be read by all Adventist leaders concerned about justice and equality within the organization.

A Fragile Regional Peace, Elaine Tolentino

Asia-Pacific Social Science Review

No abstract provided.

3a2: American Chemical Companies: World War I And Beyond, Jason Szilagyi

Proceedings of Armistice & Aftermath: A World War I Symposium

The First World War created a relationship between the United States military and American chemical manufacturers that would have an enormous influence on how private companies impacted both the civilian and military lifestyles over the next century. By the time the United States entered the conflict, the government had already asked many companies to shift towards weapons production.

The relationship between private business and war has a long pedigree in military history. Companies were contracted to produce clothes, boots, weapons, food, and medicine in order to keep a nation’s military on the battlefield. With the world-spanning scale of the Great …

3b3: Wwi Propaganda Poster Fluidity, Sarah Price

Proceedings of Armistice & Aftermath: A World War I Symposium

This paper will reUect a summer's work with Dr. Jessy Ohl at the University of Alabama, digitizing, analyzing, and dissecting a newly discovered collection of 130 World War I propaganda posters in the University of Alabama special collections This summer, we will be developing an immersive, multi-media platform in order to illustrate the full historical context and consciousness surrounding these images. For this paper, we will focus on the narrative of androgyny created through the representations within these posters, looking specifically at the fluidity of gender created by the shifting of professions, and the depictions of men and women within …

3a1: Electrical Communications Impacts During The Great War And Impacts On The Interwar Period, Martha Sloan

Proceedings of Armistice & Aftermath: A World War I Symposium

Technologies often change more rapidly during wars than during peacetime, as evidenced in the first half of the twentieth century. While the nineteenth century had seen major developments in mechanical engineering with the steam engine and its impact on industries and transportation, the twentieth century became the electrical century, notably for improved communications. Telephone and telegraph, established in the nineteenth century, were effective in WWI, a static war in which fixed lines and telegraph sufficed for connections between trenches, and telephones and telegraph for status reports or orders among military organizations. As the role of aviation changed from spotting to …

3b1: ‘Your Duty On Display’: The Allied War Exhibition In Chicago, The State Council Of Defense, And The Role Of The State In Defining American Identity, Josh Fulton

Proceedings of Armistice & Aftermath: A World War I Symposium

Held in Chicago from September 2-15, 1918; the Allied War Exhibition represented the apogee of public patriotism and state activism on the homefront during the [rst world war. Overseen by the State Council of Defense of Illinois, the event brought together federal, state and local government agencies, private organizations and citizens groups to give Chicagoans a chance not only to see soldiers re-enact battles, but learn the myriad of ways in which they could contribute to the war effort. Founded in Chicago the year before, the U.S. Committee on Public Information (CPI) provided war films displayed nightly, and curated much …

2b1: An American Abroad: Perceptions Of Americans In Buchan's Wwi Thriller, Greenmantle, Peter Faziani

Proceedings of Armistice & Aftermath: A World War I Symposium

This talk will examine John Buchan’s presentation of American involvement in his World War I adventure novels, specifically his 1916 Greenmantle, to demonstrate that Buchan’s popular novels reinforced a notion of ideological power of Americans as uninvolved in the First World War. Considered the precursor to modern spy and thriller fiction, Buchan’s adventures often found British amateur spy, Richard Hannay, in the thick of some mysterious war-time plot to attack England. In his second Hannay novel, Greenmantle, Buchan’s plot is taken to Turkey to successfully decipher the code of Greenmantle after failing to prevent the on-set of the First World …

1a3: Population, The Lessons Of War, And The Promise Of Peace, Kathleen Tobin

Proceedings of Armistice & Aftermath: A World War I Symposium

In the last two decades of the nineteenth century, new teachings on Malthusianism emerged. These were founded on the Essays on Population (1798-1826) by Thomas Malthus, which warned that while population grew geometrically the earth’s resources grew only arithmetically. As a result, overpopulation was inevitable and could be checked only by famine, disease, or war. He did not advocate birth control, but by 1900 many others did. Between 1900 and 1914, neo-Malthusians and birth control activists joined efforts and much of their work reacted on growing militarism in Western Europe and the United States. They continued to write during the …

1b3: Propaganda As Public Relations Antecedent: The Complex Legacy Of The Creel Commission, Christopher Mccollough

Proceedings of Armistice & Aftermath: A World War I Symposium

Scholars have documented the impact of the Creel Commission on modern war correspondence (Lippmann, 1922; St. John, 2009a, 2009b, 2011), military censorship (Lippmann, 1922, Gitlin, 1986), political communication (Bernays, 1923, 1928), advertising (Bernays, 1942; Collins, 1993, 2001), and modern public relations (DeSanto, 2000; Myers, 2015). Their efforts in propaganda helped reposition public opposition to public support for the American War effort and for the Armistice from 1916-1919 through the use of print media, music, art, and other popular sources of information, entertainment, and culture of the period. Edward Bernays (1923, 1928) discusses the inauence of his work as part of …

1a1: Conflicted Loyalties: Austro-Hungarian Immigrants In Michigan And The Great War, Robert Goodrich

Proceedings of Armistice & Aftermath: A World War I Symposium

On 1 July 1918, US Army PFC Mario Ruconich of 2^nd Division, 23^rd Infantry Regiment, Company L was killed by German machine gun fire near the village of Vaux, France. He had volunteered for the US Army in January 1917, mustering at the Columbus Barracks in Ohio, where he listed his home as Michigan. His military service record listed his nationality as “Austrian.” PFC Ruconich’s three older brothers also died, or were POWs. Yet they fought for the Central Powers as loyal Austrians on the Italian and Russian Fronts. The Ruconich family spoke Istriot (an Italian dialect) and …

2018 Annual Dinner Program, The O'Callahan Society, College Of The Holy Cross

O'Callahan Society Annual Dinner Program

Eighteenth annual dinner sponsored by The O'Callahan Society. This year's event departed from the standard format of a keynote speaker in order to give four individuals, whose lives were dramatically impacted by the Vietnam conflict, the opportunity to speak. Medal of Honor Recipient Captain Thomas G. Kelley, USN (ret) HC ‘60; his wife, Commander Joan Kelley, USNR (ret); former POW Commander Timothy B. Sullivan, USN (ret) HC ’65, and Marine veteran Harry Kustigian have agreed to share their experiences and insights.

This year is dedicated to remembering the men and women who served in Vietnam a half century ago.

Complete Program - Armistice & Aftermath: A World War One Symposium, Michigan Technological University

Proceedings of Armistice & Aftermath: A World War I Symposium

View the PDF of the complete program for Armistice & Aftermath: A World War I Symposium.

The Armistice that ended the “Great War” remains a marker of hope, change, sacrifice, and struggle. Armistice Day 2018 marks the centenary end of World War I. This symposium explores the conditions and impacts of the Great War as experienced during and afterward, with a special focus on the perspective from the American Heartland and featuring diverse reflections on the cultural, political, and technological experiences and legacies of WWI.

Complete Proceedings - Armistice & Aftermath: A World War One Symposium, Michigan Technological University

Proceedings of Armistice & Aftermath: A World War I Symposium

View the PDF of the complete proceedings for Armistice & Aftermath: A World War I Symposium.

We are pleased to bring together many of the papers presented at the Michigan Tech World War I symposium, Armistice & Aftermath. They provide various examples of how WWI affected the heartland, both during and after the war – a topic often missed in general histories, at least in the United States. American stories of WWI are relatively scarce in relation to general American military history, where the Civil War and WWII dominate, and in relation to WWI histories, which are dominated by the …

“Where The Spirit Of The Lord Is There Is Liberty”: The Bible As A Vessel For Remembrance, Guidance, And Self-Understanding During The Civil War, Savannah Labbe

The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History

Courage, guidance, family, strength, self-understanding, and survival: These are just a few of the things that this Bible represented to the soldier who carried it. For Private Lewis Tway of the 147th New York Volunteers, this Bible provided a tangible link to all these things—a way to make sense of the at-times non-sensical chaos and carnage of war, a way to grow, learn, and adapt to the infinite physical and spiritual challenges of soldiering while still firmly rooting Tway in the foundational people and principles that gave his life meaning. Tway’s engagement with this Bible was never static; the evolution …

State Capacity And Naval Buildup : The Sino-Japanese Divergence In The Late Nineteenth Century, Xinyi Shen

Lingnan Theses (MPhil & PhD)

The East Asian modernization divergence in the late nineteenth century has long puzzled historians and social scientists. As Qing China, given its vast territory, large population and dominating influence spreading to neighboring countries, failed to modernize herself as its small island neighbor Japan did after the forced opening up by the West. One important divergence is their military capability, especially that of navy. The relatively higher capacity of the Imperial Japanese Navy has played a decisive role in its victory over the Beiyang Fleet in the 1894/95 First Sino-Japanese War. Following the defeat, Qing China was burdened with huge indemnity, …

O’Casey Vs. Sheehy-Skeffington: Tragicomedy In The Plough And The Stars And The Feminist Protest, Martha Carpentier

Critical Inquiries Into Irish Studies

Martha C. Carpentier is Professor of English at Seton Hall University in New Jersey, where she teaches courses in 20^th-century British and Irish literature. Most recently, she is the editor of Joycean Legacies (Palgrave MacMillan 2015) and author of articles on James Joyce, George Orwell, and Graham Greene that have appeared in Mosaic and Joyce Studies Annual. She is a co-editor of Critical Inquiries Into Irish Studies.

The Setonian, September 27, 2018, Seton Hall University

2018

No abstract provided.

The Relevance Of The European Union And The North Atlantic Treaty Organization For The United States In The 21st Century, Joel R. Hillison Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

The “America First” approach to foreign policy seems to call into question the value of institutions like the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the European Union (EU). However, in a more competitive and uncertain strategic environment, NATO and the EU remain vital to promoting U.S. interests.

Exit Strategy: Rule Of Law And The U.S. Army, Shima D. Keene Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

Establishing the rule of law is a key goal and end state in counterinsurgency (COIN) operations and is a critical aspect of securing peace and preventing future conflict. However, recent experience in theaters such as Afghanistan has shown that establishing effective rule of law institutions and practices is not a straightforward task. Consequently, considerations as to how and when rule of law institutions can start to be developed and integrated into the stability transition process must not only be planned in advance, but also form part of the U.S. Army’s strategy from the start of any military intervention. The analysis …

Weapons Review Obligation Under Customary International Law, Natalia Jevglevskaja

International Law Studies

Under Article 36 of the 1977 Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions, States are required to review new weapons for their compliance with international law. While recent discussions on the regulation of lethal autonomous weapons systems under the auspices of the UN Certain Conventional Weapons Convention increasingly emphasize the importance of national weapons review mechanisms, Article 36 is known to be implemented only by a handful of States. Some legal scholars have nonetheless argued that the Article 36 obligation has attained customary international law status. Remarkably, substantive analysis of State practice and opinio juris required to evidence that certain …

Migration And Conflict, Padraig O’Malley

New England Journal of Public Policy

The United Nations is ill-equipped to prevent, much less end, intrastate conflicts. Today’s conflicts and an explosive mix of other interrelated causes—including violence, famine, extreme poverty, climate-related disasters and political oppression—have led to a global migration and population-displacement crisis. This article examines the intersection of conflict and migration. It presents the data on migrants, refugees, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) and exposes the rise of extreme nationalist tendencies in the West—in particular, Europe, where several measures to stem the flow of refugees have been imposed. The article concludes with a warning about global poverty and marginalization—a prescription for violent conflict …

Superwoman And Real Women: Leading, Following, Caring, Evolving, And Sometimes Making Do, William & Mary Law School

One-Time Conferences: Programs

Held on September 21, 2018 at the William & Mary Law School.

Sponsored by the William & Mary Law School:

• Office of the Dean
• Office of Career Services
• Office of Development and Alumni Affairs
• Asian Law Student Association
• Black Law Students Association
• Business Law Society
• George Wythe Society
• Latinx Law Students Association
• Public Service Fund
• Student Bar Association
• W&M Business Law Review
• W&M Journal of Race, Gender and Social Justice
• Women's Law Society

Admission Of Deaf Soldiers To The Military: Rethinking The "Undifferentiated Soldier" Paradigm, Michael Schwartz

Arkansas Law Review

Keith Nolan, a deaf man with undergraduate and graduate degrees, asked to be admitted to military training to become a uniformed American soldier. The military said no, and the issue was joined. Nolan’s application presents the Department of Defense (DOD) with an opportunity to reconsider its historical bar to people who are deaf. The Article suggests a new paradigm in thinking about the selection criteria used to screen out deaf applicants for military service, a paradigm rooted in a disability studies framework. With a few exceptions in the Civil War, the United States armed forces have barred people with disabilities, …

The Idf Mag’S Gaza Report And Its Critics: Context, Compliance, And Credibility, Peter Margulies, Geoffrey Corn

Law Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.