Digital Commons Network^™

No. 17: Revisiting Africa's Supermarket Revolution, Jonathan Crush, Ndeyapo Nickanor, Lawrence N. Kazembe, Jeremy Wagner

Hungry Cities Partnership

Africa is urbanizing at an unprecedented rate and food systems are undergoing rapid transformation. This transformation is being driven in part by a global supermarket revolution. However, the idea of an inexorable supermarket revolution on the continent has recently been contested. This paper examines the role of supermarkets in Namibia’s capital city Windhoek to test the applicability of the model. The paper is based on (a) a review of the literature on South African supermarket expansion; (b) a survey of the food purchasing behaviour of a representative sample of 875 households in Windhoek; and (c) a comprehensive product inventory of …

Investigating The Use Of Pictures To Enhance Reading In Early Years: A Case Study Of An Early Childhood Development Centre In Western Kenya, Damary Luvayo Kisiang'ani

Master of Education

Reading is one of the four language skills that are required for acquisition of literacy. The others are writing, listening and speaking. Studies have shown that learning to read achieved during the early years is likely to be sustained throughout the primary school years and is an important basis for successful early performance in school. It is a foundational skill and serves as the base for later competence and proficiency. Unfortunately, many children proceed to formal schooling and even finish school without having attained the expected literacy achievement for their level. This study therefore set out to investigate the use …

Knowledge Of Breast Cancer Risk Factors And Practice Of Breast Self-Examination Among Female Students Of Soran Technical Institute., Kareem Jamal Hamad, Haroon Muhammad Khalil, Hiwa Abdulrahman Awlla

Polytechnic Journal

Background and objectives: Worldwide, breast cancer is a considerable health-threatening factor among women. Students are very important part of community and encourage them to regular practice breast self examination would be a good avenue to share useful information to population. The purpose of this study was to find out knowledge of breast cancer and practice of breast self examination among female students. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out from January through May 2018, involving 100 female students which selected by simple random sampling. Results: This study revealed that 50% of samples were within the age group 20 - …

Kawasaki Disease: Two Case Reports From The Aga Khan Hospital, Dar Es Salaam-Tanzania, Mariam Noorani, Nuruddin Lakhani

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

Background

Kawasaki disease is a common childhood vasculitis which may result in cardiovascular morbidity if not adequately treated. Its epidemiology in the African region is not well described. Its features may mimic other childhood infections and hemoglobinopathies and it is rarely diagnosed in the East African region. These are the first reports of this disease from Tanzania. Case presentation We present two cases of complete Kawasaki disease seen over a 2 year period and diagnosed as per the criteria defined by the American Heart Association. One child was and infant and the other a 3 year old. Both of them …

"It's A Precious Gift, Not To Waste": Is Routine Cross Matching Necessary In Orthopedics Surgery?: Retrospective Study Of 699 Patients In 9 Different Procedures, Obada Hasan, Eraj Khurshid Khan, Moiz Ali, Sadaf Sheikh, Anum Fatima, Haroon Ur Rashid

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery

Background: Orthopedic surgeries are usually associated with excessive blood loss which leads surgeons to overestimate need for blood transfusions and over ordering of blood. The cross matched blood, when not used, leads to the wastage of blood bank resources in terms of time, money and manpower. The objective of this study was to investigate the compliance to previously proposed MSBOS and to provide updated recommendations for all orthopedic procedures.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted between 1st June 2015 and 31st May 2016. Patients admitted to the orthopedic surgery service for whom blood products were requested were included. Cross Match/Transfusion …

The Socialist World In The Second Age Of Globalization: An Alternative History?, James M. Robertson

Markets, Globalization & Development Review

The history of the Second Age of Globalization (from 1945 through to the present) has traditionally been told through the lens of either the industrially advanced First World, or, more critically, the developing countries of the Third World. Less is known about the experience of globalization in the so-called “Second World”, the socialist states of the Soviet Union and its Eastern European satellites. The following review essay draws on recent work in the history of globalization to show that, contrary to long-held assumptions that socialism was an autarkic system that cut countries off from the wider world, post-war socialist countries …

Volume 56, Number 8: October 03, 2018, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (October 1, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Pseudomyxoma Pleurii And Peritonei Secondary To Sigmoid Colon Adenocarcinoma: A Rare Clinico-Pathologico-Radiological Presentation, Casmir Wambura, Ahmed Jusabani, Salim Surani

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare condition resulting from mucin-producing tumors that have disseminated intointraperitoneal implants and mucinous ascites. The extra-abdominal spread of PMP is exceptionally rare, with few reportedcases in the medical literature. Pseudomyxoma pleurii is an infrequently encountered clinical syndrome characterized bytransdiaphragmatic pleural extension and spread of PMP. The disease is highly fatal. We hereby report a case of 58 years oldwoman who presented with an abdominal distension and shortness of breath of 2 months duration. Histopathology confirmedthe diagnosis of large mucin-producing rectosigmoid adenomatous polypoid lesion with malignant transformation and PMPthat had spread to the right pleural space. …

A Catalog Of Orchid Species And Their Distribution In Mazumbai Forest Reserve, Tanga Region, Tanzania, Sierra Loomis

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Although orchids are common in Mazumbai Forest Reserve (MFR), there are limited resources on where they grow and how to identify them. The primary objective of this study is to create an updated catalog of orchids in MFR, using species abundance, richness and diversity of the orchids as indicators of where orchids prefer to grow in MFR. Orchid species vary greatly as altitude changes, making it important to survey orchids across different altitudes. Therefore, Mazumbai Forest was split into five different altitudinal bands spanning 1400 – 1900m and six 100 x 20m plots in each band were surveyed for both …

Entrepreneurship Training And Self-Employment Choices Of Graduates: Experience From Selected Tanzanian Universities, Allan Isaac Shimba

Business Management Review

For the past few years entrepreneurship training programmes have been conducted in some universities in Tanzania, with an objective of positively reforming the students ' mindsets regarding self-employment opportunities in the micro, small and medium sized enterprises (MSMEs) sector. However, to date, it has not been easy to determine the extent to which these initiatives have been fruitful. This study aimed at examining the extent to which Tanzanian university students are being equipped with General Enterprising Tendencies (GETs), which are important in enabling them to become active players in the private sector. Quantitative data was collected using the GETs test …

Assessment Of Entrepreneurship Education Trends In The Formal Education System In Tanzania, Perpetua Kalimasi

Business Management Review

This article aims to assess the trend of entrepreneurial education within the formal education system through reflecting on the link between the national strategies and practice in Tanzanian formal education curricular. The article adopted the Fayolle ' s teaching model for entrepreneurship education, focusing on the ontological and educational levels. Methodologically, the Tanzanian framework for entrepreneurship training has been analysed along with some national policies and curricular. Theoretical and empirical literature has also been systematically reviewed. Analysis of reviewed documents indicates a variation in the terms of the extent in which entrepreneurial education has been incorporated in different levels and …

Linking Entrepreneurial Motivation Factors To Firm Growth: Empirical Evidence From The Construction Industry In Tanzania, Fred P. Okangi

Business Management Review

Entrepreneurial factors that motivate people to establish firms are closely related to firms ' growth. This study analysed the relationship between growth of construction firms in Tanzania and factors that motivate their establishment. A survey to 227 Tanzanian construction firms was undertaken using a questionnaire. With the help of STATA 13.0 Software, data collected was analysed by using a multiple regression analysis .The findings indicate that only the business creation opportunity variable has positive and significant association with the growth of the firms studied, whereas knowledge-based resource and personality traits showed no significant impact. Provision of a link between between …

Pseudomyxoma Pleurii And Peritonei Secondary To Sigmoid Colon Adenocarcinoma: A Rare Clinico-Pathologico-Radiological Presentation, Casmir Wambura

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare condition resulting from mucin-producing tumors that have disseminated into intraperitoneal implants and mucinous ascites. The extra-abdominal spread of PMP is exceptionally rare, with few reported cases in the medical literature. Pseudomyxoma pleurii is an infrequently encountered clinical syndrome characterized by transdiaphragmatic pleural extension and spread of PMP. The disease is highly fatal. We hereby report a case of 58 years old woman who presented with an abdominal distension and shortness of breath of 2 months duration. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of large mucin-producing rectosigmoid adenomatous polypoid lesion with malignant transformation and PMP that had …

Livelihoods Of The People Of Mazumbai: A Collection Of Stories And Portraits, Tanga Region, Tanzania, Joseph Baldus

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Despite rapid urbanization in Tanzania, agriculture remains central to the nation, the economy, and the livelihoods of a large portion of the population. Smallholder farmers account for the vast majority of agricultural production, yet are an extremely vulnerable population due to poverty, single-sourced income, and climate-dependency for both subsistence and cash-crop agriculture (Rapsomanikis, 2015). This report explores these dynamic rural livelihoods through interviews and portrait photographs in a case study on Mazumbai, Tanga region, Tanzania. Semi-structured interviews explore the people’s modes of economic subsistence, domestic lives, education, challenges, and life stories. Excerpts from these interviews combined with portrait photographs create …

The Role Of Training Resources In Implementation Of Entrepreneurship Education Programme In Technical Training Institutions In Kenya, Mwamisha Mkala, Kenneth Wanjau

Business Management Review

All over the world, entrepreneurship education is a recognised strategy for inculcating an entrepreneurial culture, which establishes a context for entrepreneurship practice. In Kenya, implementation of the entrepreneurship education programme in technical training institutions began in the 1990s. However, the difficulty of technical training institutions graduates to confront unemployment by practicing entrepreneurship has raised concerns about the implementation of an entrepreneurship education programme, with availability of training resources as the suspect culprit. This descriptive, cross-sectional census survey set out to examine the effects of availability of training resources on entrepreneurship education programme implementation in technical training institutions s in Kenya. …

Student Training For Entrepreneurial Promotion In Tanzania: Impact On Students' Entrepreneurial Mindset And Business Creation Behaviour, Lemayon L. Melyoki, Michael M. Gielnik, Maike Lex

Business Management Review

The objective of this paper is to report results of a research that assessed the short and long-term impact of an action-oriented students training on entrepreneurship (STEP) on the students' entrepreneurial mindset and business creation behavior. Action-orientation means that students engage in the start-up process of a real business during the training. We used randomized controlled trials (RCT) to assess the impact of STEP. We conducted several pre and post-training measurement waves. In this paper, the results of 448 students who participated in the STEP at the University of Dar es Salaam are reported. We used questionnaires to assess students' …

The Effects Of Experiential Entrepreneurship Learning Programmes On Performance Of Trainees ' Enterprises: Empirical Evidence From Small Businesses In Tanzania, Allan Isaac Shimba

Business Management Review

Informed by experiential learning and entrepreneurship theories, this study explored the effects of an entrepreneurship and small business development training programme on performance of the trainees ' enterprises. Pedagogically, the training adopted an experiential learning approach and involved a group of 24 adult trainees who were owner-managers of micro and small enterprises located in Morogoro Region, in Tanzania. Three months after the training, a monitoring and evaluation process was carried out, through which the trainees were followed-up in their respective areas to examine the extent to which they had put into action what they had learnt during the training and …

150 Years Of Spiritan Presence And Mission In Mainland Tanzania, Philip Massawe C.S.Sp.

Spiritan Horizons

No abstract provided.

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (September 17, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Cultivating Third Party Development In Platform-Centric Software Ecosystems: Extended Boundary Resources Model, Brown C. Msiska

The African Journal of Information Systems

Software ecosystems provide an effective way through which software solutions can be constructed by composing software components, typically applications, developed by internal and external developers on top of a software platform. Third party development increases the potential of a software ecosystem to effectively and quickly respond to context-specific software requirements. The boundary resources model gives a theoretical account for cultivation of third party development premised on the role of platform boundary resources such as application programming interfaces (API). However, from a longitudinal case study of the DHIS2 software ecosystem, this paper observes that no matter how good the boundary resources …

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (September 10, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Maternal Experiences Of Intimate Partner Violence And C-Reactive Protein Levels In Young Children In Tanzania, Natalie Slopen, Jing Zhang, Samuel S. Urlacher, Gretchen De Silva, Mona Mittal

Publications and Research

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a critical public health issue that impacts women and children across the globe.Prior studies have documented that maternal experiences of IPV are associated with adverse psychological and physical health outcomes in children; however, research on the underlying physiological pathways linking IPV to these conditions is limited. Drawing on data from the 2010 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey, we examined the relationship between maternal report of IPV in the past 12 months and inflammation among children ages 6 months to 5 years. Our study included 503 children who were randomly selected to provide a blood sample …

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (September 2, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Wildlife Trafficking And Poaching: Contemporary Context And Dynamics For Security Cooperation And Military Assistance, Christopher Jasparro

CIWAG Case Studies

Wildlife Trafficking and Poaching: Contemporary Context and Dynamics for Security Cooperation and Military Assistance, by Dr. Christopher Jasparro, examines the impact wildlife crime has played on exacerbating the delicate security situation in Africa, and the effectiveness of the security cooperation and assistance programs that have formed as a result. Wildlife crime has become a significant international security issue as poaching is used to fund terrorism, drug trades, and other illicit activities that destabilize local African governments and endanger vulnerable species. Wildlife crime is complex and varied with no individual solution. To combat this growing issue, plans and programs carefully …

Insecure Hegemony: The Cultural Construction Of 'Righteous Retaliation' In The Hunt For Osama Bin Laden, Marisa Tramontano

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study examines the American “authorized discourse” about the hunt for and killing of al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden to better understand it as an episode in American cultural hegemony maintenance. Through a structural hermeneutic analysis of presidential speeches and widely-circulated national strategy documents, high distribution news coverage, and entertainment media, alongside one-on-one interviews and focus groups, I illuminate the symbolic mechanics by which the death of Osama bin Laden was constructed as righteous and legitimate retaliatory violence in response to the unprompted, offensive violence of the 9/11 attacks.

Drawing on an array of theoretical approaches including classical sociologists Karl …

Direct Experience With Cervical Cancer Patient, Husband Support, And Self-Perception As Determinant Factors Of Women’S Desire To Take Via Screening Test, Nur Anisah Rahmawati, Linda Dewanti

Kesmas

Kanker serviks menyebabkan 10.3% kematian pada perempuan di Indonesia. Inspeksi visual asam asetat (IVA) telah digunakan untuk program skrining sejak tahun 2014 tetapi hanya 2,45 % perempuan yang melakukan pemeriksaan pada tahun 2015. Di tempat penelitian, cakupan skrining metode IVA kurang dari 1%. Penelitian sebelumnya menyebutkan faktor psikososial sebagai satu faktor penting, tetapi sedikit penelitian yang menganalisis peran dukungan suami dan pengalaman langsung dengan penderita kanker serviks. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari hubungan antara pengalaman langsung dengan penderita kanker serviks, dukungan suami, persepsi diri dan keinginan perempuan melakukan skrining IVA. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan secara acak pada perempuan berusia 25-55 tahun …

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (August 27, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Teachers As Guides: The Role Of Teachers In The Facilitation Of Technology-Mediated Learning In An Alternative Education Setting In Western Kenya, Dhinesh Radhakrishnan, Jennifer Deboer, Samuel Kimani

ASEE IL-IN Section Conference

In this study, we investigate the perception of teachers’ changing roles in a class utilizing tablet technology and a mobile learning platform. Deploying educational technology has been shown to shift students’ perception of the role played by their teacher. At the same time, the teachers also experience the need for change in their teaching style to integrate this technology. It is important to identify shifts in students’ and teachers’ understandings in order to achieve the potential of the technology’s affordance. Therefore, we seek to understand the change in teachers’ perceived roles in a technology-mediated learning environment by asking three key …

Breath Biomarkers And An Expanded Role For Isoprenoids In Plasmodium Falciparum, Chad Louis Schaber

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Malaria remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases worldwide, and efforts to combat it require novel insights into diagnostics, vector transmission, and drug inhibitor targets. Previous studies suggest that malaria infection causes hosts to preferentially attract the transmission vector, the Anopheles mosquito, but the mechanism and wider implication of these findings were not known. By analyzing the headspace above malaria parasite cultures, we identified several molecules that might engender mosquito attraction. We demonstrated that several of these molecules activate mosquito odorant receptors, including the known plant-emitted mosquito attractant _-pinene. During patient studies involving two independent pediatric clinical populations from Malawi, …