Digital Commons Network^™

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (March 19, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

China’S Blue Soft Power, Andrew S. Erickson, Austin M. Strange

Naval War College Review

On 3 September 2014, almost six years since Chinese warships first entered the Gulf of Aden to fulfill antipiracy duties, China Central Television (CCTV)–8 aired the first episode of “In the Gulf of Aden” (舰在亚丁湾). The multidozen-episode program, designed to “ignite raging patriotism” (燃起熊 熊爱国心), given evening prime-time status, and attracting a popular audience with a star-studded cast, explores in dramatic fashion Beijing’s experience fighting modern piracy.

Information Needs And Information Seeking Behavior Of Krobo Beads Producers In The Eastern Region Of Ghana, Beatrice Korkor Agyemang, Patrick Ngulube, Luyande Dube Prof. Department Of Information Science, University Of South Africa-Pretoria

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper aimed to determine the information needs and information seeking behaviour of the Krobo beads producers in the Eastern Region of Ghana. It also looked at sources of information available to to the beads producers as well as the problems they encountered when searching for information about their work. The study employed qualitative research methods. One hundred and sixty three beads producers participated in the study. Data was triangulate though interview, observation and focus group discussions. The findings of the study revealed that the main knowledge gaps of the beads producers were registration of their designs, branding of their …

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (March 5, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Full Issue 11.3

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

No abstract provided.

National Mechanisms For The Prevention Of Atrocity Crimes, Samantha Capicotto, Rob Scharf

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

The field of atrocity crimes prevention has witnessed a trend over the previous three to four years in which states around the world are employing a new approach to the development and implementation of preventive policies. This trend has partly manifested in the establishment of what are called National Mechanisms for Atrocity Crimes Prevention. The Auschwitz Institute for Peace and Reconciliation (AIPR) among others, through its work supporting governments and their institutions to develop or strengthen policies and practices for the prevention of genocide and other mass atrocities, has been working with members of these National Mechanisms and following their …

Water System Unreliability And Diarrhea Incidence Among Children In Guatemala, Jennifer Trudeau, Anna-Maria Aksan, Wiliam F. Vásquez

WCBT Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES:

This article examines the effect of water system unreliability on diarrhea incidence among children aged 0-5 in Guatemala.

METHODS:

We use secondary data from a nationally representative sample of 7579 children to estimate the effects of uninterrupted and interrupted water services on diarrhea incidence. The national scope of this study imposes some methodological challenges due to unobserved geographical heterogeneity. To address this issue, we estimate mixed-effects logit models that control for unobserved heterogeneity by estimating random effects of selected covariates that can vary across geographical areas (i.e. water system reliability).

RESULTS:

Compared to children without access to piped water, …

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (February 26, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Training University Teachers And Students In Sri Lanka On Gender Based Violence: Testing Of A Participatory Training Program [Version 1], Pia Axemo, Kumudu Wijewardena, Ruvani Fonseka, Sharika Cooray, Elisabeth Darj

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended.
In all societies, violence is a social problem and violation of human rights. Changing attitudes and behaviors, which accept violence at individual and societal levels are key components in prevention strategies.
The aim of this study was to produce educational material on Gender Based Violence (GBV). A participatory study design including educators and university students was used to create four teaching modules. The teaching was evaluated by descriptive surveys before and after the training and focus group discussions followed the training session. The questionnaire covered attitudes to gender, violence and …

Adherence To Antiretroviral Therapy In A Clinical Cohort Of Hiv-Infected Children In East Africa, Rachel C. Vreeman, Samuel O. Ayaya, Beverly S. Musick, Constantin T. Yiannoutsos, Craig R. Cohen, Denis Nash, Deo Wabwire, Kara Wools-Kaloustian, Sarah E. Wiehe

Publications and Research

Objective To describe antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and associated factors for a large HIVinfected pediatric cohort followed by sites of the East Africa International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) consortium.

Methods This study utilized prospectively collected clinical data from HIV-infected children less than 13 years of age who initiated ART within 4 clinical care programs (with 26 clinical sites) in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania and were followed for up to 6 years. Programs used one of 3 adherence measures, including 7-day quantitative recall, 7-day categorical recall, and clinician pill assessments. We fit a hierarchical, three-level, logistic-regression model to examine …

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (February 19, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Poultry Farmers’ Information Needs And Extension Advices In Kilosa, Tanzania: Evidence From Mobile-Based Extension, Advisory And Learning System (Meals), Camilius Sanga

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Background: Poultry farmers need different information in order to improve their farming and contribute to the national economy. Information on poultry management is usually obtained from family members, friends, and neighbors with previous experience, extension officers, researchers, Television, radio, web and mobile based agriculture information systems. Promoting utilisation of vetted sources of information is envisaged to support poultry farmers in making informed decisions about management practices. This in turn will result into increased poultry productivity.

Objective: Many researches have been done to evaluate various information sources but few have been done to evaluate the mobile based extension, advisory …

Turning Scars Into Stars In The Knowledge-Based Economy: A Case Of M-Pesa Women Empowerment Initiative In Rural Tanzania, Joseph Cassian Pessa

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Purpose- Although women constitute the majority of the rural labour force and contribute substantially to the economy in Tanzania, they are not given due recognition by the policymakers. Despite being major producers, they are still marginalized, do not have access to credit and considered un-bankable. Vodacom Tanzania LTD through its M-PESA Women Empowerment Initiative (MWEI) is reaching out to these marginalized rural women to empower them. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the social economic changes that MWEI has brought to women in rural areas in Tanzania.

Design/ methodology/ approach- Case study design as well as both quantitative …

Provision Of Library Services For Users In Wheelchairs At Ardhi University And University Of Dar Es Salaam Libraries, George Firmin Kavishe, Irene Shubi Isibika

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper investigated the provision of library services for people in wheelchairs in two university libraries in Tanzania. The paper studied access to the information materials collected in the libraries and the building structure of the two university libraries. At a wider aspect the paper looked at significance of access to library information as the basic right, specifically in higher learning institutions. The study used pragmatism paradigm which is a mixed method approach. Statistical package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 was used to analyze quantitative data while thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. The results revealed …

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (February 12, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Urban Transportation Planning And Tod Research In Japan, Fumihiko Nakamura

PSU Transportation Seminars

Presentation on Urban Transportation Planning and Transit-oriented development (TOD) Research in Japan.

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (February 5, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Cervical Cancer Screening Among Patients Receiving Arvs In A Resource-Limited Environment, Moses New-Aaron, Jane L. Meza, Martha Goedert, Stephen Kibusi, Samwel Sumba, Caroline Damien, Siraj Shabani, James Charles

Posters and Presentations: College of Public Health

Significance

Cervical cancer is the most common cancer worldwide with increased risk among women living with HIV in a resource limited environment. Hence the need to determine factors affecting awareness, prior uptake of cervical cancer screening and willingness to screen among patients receiving Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs.

Data analysis

The data was collected by administered questionnaires to patients presenting for monthly ARV refills in a HIV clinic in Dodoma, Tanzania. A total of 421 women in the clinic with an average monthly income of 39 (USD) were interviewed. A total of 306 (73%) were aware of cervical cancer. Among those who …

“I Was Relieved To Know That My Baby Was Safe”: Women’S Attitudes And Perceptions On Using A New Electronic Fetal Heart Rate Monitor During Labor In Tanzania, Sara Rivenes Lafontan, Johanne Sundby, Hege L. Ersdal, Muzdalifat Abeid, Hussein L. Kidanto, Columba Mbekenga

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

To increase labor monitoring and prevent neonatal morbidity and mortality, a new wireless, strap-on electronic fetal heart rate monitor called Moyo was introduced in Tanzania in 2016. As part of the ongoing evaluation of the introduction of the monitor, the aim of this study was to explore the attitudes and perceptions of women who had worn the monitor continuously during their most recent delivery and perceptions about how it affected care. This knowledge is important to identify barriers towards adaptation in order to introduce new technology more effectively. We carried out 20 semi-structured individual interviews post-labor at two hospitals in …

Hepatitis B Virus Infection In Tanzania: Current Status And Challenges, Semvua B. Kilonzo, Daniel W. Gunda, Bonaventura C.T. Mpondo, Fatma Bakshi, Hyasinta Jaka

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Hepatitis B is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world with high prevalence in most of sub-Saharan Africa countries. The complexity in its diagnosis and treatment poses a significant management challenge in the resource-limited settings including Tanzania, where most of the tests and drugs are either unavailable or unaffordable. This mini review aims at demonstrating the current status of the disease in the country and discussing the concomitant challenges in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (January 29, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (January 22, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Factors Affecting Effective Ventilation During Newborn Resuscitation: A Qualitative Study Among Midwives In Rural Tanzania, R. Moshiro, H. L. Ersdal, P. Mdoe, H. L. Kidanto, Columba Mbekenga

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Intrapartum-related hypoxia accounts for 30% of neonatal deaths in Tanzania. This has led to the introduction and scaling-up of the Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) programme, which is a simulation-based learning programme in newborn resuscitation skills. Studies have documented ineffective ventilation of non-breathing newborns and the inability to follow the HBB algorithm among providers.

Objective: This study aimed at exploring barriers and facilitators to effective bag mask ventilation, an essential component of the HBB algorithm, during actual newborn resuscitation in rural Tanzania.

Methods: Eight midwives, each with more than one year’s working experience in the labour ward, were interviewed individually …

Evaluation Of Well Designs To Improve Access To Safe And Clean Water In Rural Tanzania, Aminata Kilungo, Linda Powers, Nathan B. Arnold, Kelli Marie Whelan, Kurt Paterson, Dale Young

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

The objective of this study was to examine three well designs: drilled wells (20–30 m deep), closed dug wells (>5 m deep), and hand-dug open wells (<5 m deep), to determine the water quality for improving access to safe and clean water in rural communities. Heterotrophic plate count (HPC), total coliforms (TC), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and turbidity, were used to assess the water quality of 97 wells. Additionally, the study looked at the microflora diversity of the water, focusing on potential pathogens using outgrowth, PCR, and genome sequencing for 10 wells. Concentrations of TC for the open dug wells (4 × 10⁴ CFU/100 mL) were higher than the drilled (2 × 10³ CFU/100 mL) and closed dug wells (3 × 10³ CFU/100 mL). E. coli concentration for drilled and closed dug wells was <22 MPN (most probable number)/100 mL, but higher for open wells (>154 MPN/100 mL). The drilled well turbidity (11 NTU) was within the standard deviation of the closed well (28 NTU) compared to open dug wells (49 NTU). Drilled and closed wells had similar microbial diversity. There were no …

Government Engagement With The Civic Tech Community On Twitter: The Case Of The New York City School Of Data, Crystal R. Charles, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia

Center for Technology in Government

Social media in government has been “defined as a group of technologies that allow public agencies to foster engagement with citizens and other organizations” (Criado et al., 2013, p. 320).It has been researched as a way for public organizations to innovate, share information, and build relationships (Criado et al., 2013, p. 319).In the Information Age, it is important for government to keep moving forward in its information policies and technologies. Part of the salience of studying government use of social media is that it is increasingly a place where political and social activism occurs or begins (Sandoval-Almazan & Ramon Gil-Garcia, …

Understanding The Potential Of Blockchain For Iot Data In The Public Sector: Challenges And Benefits In A Simulated Environment, Lingjun Fan, Sora Park, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia

Center for Technology in Government

In building a smart city, the public sector often sets various kinds of sensors or develops information systems to collect and analyze data to improve public service.Internet of Things (IoT) is utilized to improve the quality of citizen’s life in a city by enabling the collection and sharing of information related to transportation, public health, and environmental protection.However, the IoT data is stored and managed by a centralized cloud center, thus raising security and privacy concerns, which implies a single point of failure, easily being attacked, and performance bottleneck.The recent development of blockchain technology could be seen as an innovation …

The Anchor Of Servant-Leadership: Julius Nyerere And The Virtue Of Humility, Peter Mulinge

International Journal of Servant-Leadership

The emergence of the concept of servant-leadership initiated a new era of moral emphasis in the field of leadership, which was and still is dominated by self-serving models of leadership. When Robert Greenleaf (1970) conceived servant-leadership as a philosophy and practical model of leadership, he highlighted the need for a better approach to leadership, one that embraces the notion of serving others as the number one priority. He visualized leaders who would take a more a holistic approach to work, promote a sense of community, and to share power in decision making (SanFacon & Spears 2011, p. 115). Fundamentally, servantleadership …

Effectiveness Of A Multivitamin Supplementation Program Among Hiv-Infected Adults In Tanzania, Christopher R. Sudfeld, L. Buchanan, Nzovu Ulenga, Donna Spiegelman, Expeditho Mtisi, Ellen Hertzmark, Aisa N. Muya, David Sando, Ester Mungure, Mucho Mizinduko, Wafaie W. Fawzi

Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a routine multivitamin supplementation program for adults living with HIV in Tanzania.

Design: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 67,707 adults enrolled in the Dar es Salaam HIV care and treatment program during 2004-2012.

Methods: The Dar es Salaam HIV care and treatment program intended to provide all adult patients with multivitamin supplements (vitamins B-complex, C, and E) free of charge; however, intermittent stockouts and other implementation issues did not afford universal coverage. We use Cox proportional hazard models to assess the time-varying association of multivitamin supplementation …

Are Services Meeting The Holistic Family Planning Needs Of Female Sex Workers Living With Hiv In Tanzania?, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

Women of reproductive age living with HIV need access to comprehensive, voluntary family planning (FP) services to support their decisions about whether and when to have children. Contraceptive need is particularly acute among HIV-positive female sex workers who are often socially and economically disadvantaged. Furthermore, many HIV-positive female sex workers intend to have children some day, but may not be aware of strategies to minimize the risk of HIV transmission to infants and partners (i.e., “safer conception”). This activity brief describes a Project SOAR study in Tanzania that will contribute to the evidence base by conducting research that describes these …

Moving Governmental Staff To The New Capital City / نقل الموظفين الحكوميين إلى العاصمة الجديدة, Dina Mahmoud, Perihan Tawfik, Sarah El Gerby, Soraya El Hag

Papers, Posters, and Presentations

This policy paper addresses the current Egyptian Government’s decision to establish a New Capital City (NCC) and analyzes the challenges facing the policy of moving the offices of public employees of the Egyptian central government from Downtown Cairo to the new administrative city halfway between Suez and Cairo. These challenges include the size of government bureaucracy as determined by the level of its modernization and technology usage, accessibility to housing and services as determined by the payment methodology, and connectivity between the old and new capital cities based on transportation efficiency and the methods of moving employees.