Digital Commons Network^™

Midwives’ Perceptions On Using A Fetoscope And Doppler For Fetal Heart Rate Assessments During Labor: A Qualitative Study In Rural Tanzania, Paschal Francis Mdoe, Hege Langli Ersdal, Estomih Mduma, Robert Moshiro, Hussein Kidanto, Columba Mbekenga

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: The Doppler is thought to be more comfortable and effective compared to the fetoscope for assessing the fetal heart rate (FHR) during labor. However, in a rural Tanzanian hospital, midwives who had easy access to both devices mostly used fetoscope. This study explored midwives’ perception of factors influencing their preference for using either a Pinard fetoscope or a FreePlay wind-up Doppler for intermittent FHR monitoring.

Methods: Midwives who had worked for at least 6 months in the labor ward were recruited. Focus group discussion (FGD) was used to collect data. Five FGDs were conducted between December 2015 and February …

The World According To Usama Bin Laden, Ahmed S. Hashim

Naval War College Review

Usama Bin Laden is a dangerous opponent, and so are those who might succeed him should he be killed. Bin Laden’s ideas and goals, however, remain little explored or understood. To grasp them, it is necessary to examine the regional and historical context, his experiences, and the sources of fundamentalist thought upon which he draws.

Full Autumn 2001 Issue, The U.S. Naval War College

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (April 9, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

The Beira Patrol, Richard Mobley

Naval War College Review

A widely publicized challenge to a 1965 oil embargo against the white-minority regime of the breakaway colony of Southern Rhodesia led Britain to establish, with a Security Council mandate, an equally widely publicized maritime blockade—from which, though ineffective and burdensome, the Royal Navy and Air Force could not extricate themselves for nine years. Newly available archival sources illuminate a case study of the political imperatives and rules of engagement of maritime intercept operations.

Challenges In Day-To-Day Midwifery Practice; A Qualitative Study From A Regional Referral Hospital In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Hanna Strømholt Bremnes, Åsil Kjøl Wiig, Muzdalfat Abeid, Elisabeth Darj

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

Background:

Maternal and infant mortality rates in Tanzania have decreased over the past decades, but remain high. One of the challenges the country faces, is the lack of skilled health care workers. High fertility rates make midwives and their patients particularly susceptible to stress as a result of understaffing.

Objective:

This paper explores the challenges midwives face in their day-to-day practice at a regional referral hospital in Tanzania, and investigates which measures the midwives themselves find necessary to implement to improve their situation.

Methods:

A qualitative study design with focus group discussions (FGDs) was employed to explore which challenges the …

Curran Presents On Mid-Pleistocene Of Tanzania At Paleoanthropology Society, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Digital Object Identifier And Their Use In Accessing Online Scholarly Materials In Africa, Joseph Kehinde Fasae, Chuks Daniel Oriogu

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Digital Object Identifier (DOI) has been internationally recognized as a standard for identifying information resources on the web. It is an advanced tool that provides unique identification or permanent links to find specific journal articles and other information resources online. This paper discusses digital object identifier and their use in accessing online scholarly materials in Africa. It looks at the extent of Uniform Resource Locators (URL), understanding DOI functionalities, and benefits of DOI, scholarly materials with DOI in Africa with a critical examination of African Online Journals (AJOL) which is the biggest database in Africa. It was therefore discovered that …

Psychosocial Consequences Of Intensive Internet Use Among Undergraduates Of Universities In Ilorin Metropolis, M. L. Akanbi, Kabir Alabi Sulaiman, Ismail Olatunji Adeyemi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study was carried out to investigate the psychosocial consequences of intensive internet use among undergraduate of universities in Ilorin metropolis, Kwara State. This study sought to determine the psychosocial consequences of intensive internet use on the basis on gender, age, level of study and marital status (University of Ilorin and AL-HIKMAH University) universities within Ilorin metropolis. A self-developed questionnaire tagged questionnaire on psychosocial consequences of intensive internet use (PCIIU) was used to collect data from the respondents for the study. Five research hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 alpha level of significance, data collected were analyzed through analysis …

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (April 2, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Spring 2018, Unh Students Conduct J-Term Field Research Across The Globe, Bill Maddocks

UNH International Educator Newsletter

No abstract provided.

What Factors Drive Individual Misperceptions Of The Returns To Schooling In Tanzania? Some Lessons For Education Policy, Plamen Nikolov, Nursat Jimi

Economics Faculty Scholarship

Evidence on educational returns and the factors that determine the demand for schooling in developing countries is extremely scarce. Building on previous studies that show individuals underestimating the returns to schooling, we use two surveys from Tanzania to estimate both the actual and perceived schooling returns and subsequently examine what factors drive individual misperceptions regarding actual returns. Using ordinary least squares and instrumental variable methods, we find that each additional year of schooling in Tanzania increases earnings, on average, by 9 to 11 percent. We find that on average individuals underestimate returns to schooling by 74 to 79 percent and …

Nh International Seminar, Spring 2018: Diplomacy & Innovation In A Globalizing World, Global Education Center

NH International Seminar

Devi Lockwood
Poet / Touring Cyclist / Storyteller
February 15, 2018
"1,001 Stories on Water and Climate Change"

Kelsey Halling
Director of Sales, Thread
Zachary Angelini
Environmental Stewardship Manager, Timberland
March 27, 2018
"Thread X Timberland in Haiti: From Bottle to Boot"
*Co-sponsored by Center for Social Innovation and Enterprise

Thomas Pickering
Former Ambassador to the U.N., Russia, India, Israel, El Salvador, Nigeria, and Jordan
April 10, 2018
"Leadership on the World Stage: A New Role for the US?"
*Co-sponsored by World Affairs Council of New Hampshire

Funding Business Development Services For Women Microentrepreneurs In The Philippines, Gina Occhipinti

Inquiry Journal 2018

After lending small sums of money to poor people in Bangladesh in the 1970s, economics professor Muhammad Yunus was onto a new way to finance the poor and fight poverty: through microfinance. Since then, many approaches have been taken to lend to those in poverty, help them save money, and help them start businesses. Microfinance organizations provide loans, business advisory services, marketing help, insurance, and more. Business development services especially complement loan assistance because they provide nonfinancial help essential to running a business, such as accounting skills, product development, supply chain management, and more. In 2017, I traveled to San …

Predictors Of Low Birth Weight And 24-Hour Perinatal Outcomes At Muhimbili National Hospital In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania: A Five-Year Retrospective Analysis Of Obstetric Records, Benjamin Anathory Kamala, Andrew Hans Mgaya, Matilda Michael Ngarina, Hussein Kidanto

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

Introduction: The global prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) is 16%, representing more than 20 million infants worldwide, of which 96% are born in low-income countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, predictors and perinatal outcomes of LBW newborns.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data obtained from the hospital's obstetric and neonatal database. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were performed with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results: The prevalence of LBW was 21% (n = 8,011) and two-thirds of these were delivered at term. Seven percent of newborns were stillbirths and 2% died within 24hrs after birth. …

Prophylactic Antibiotics To Reduce Pelvic Infection In Women Having Miscarriage Surgery – The Aims (Antibiotics In Miscarriage Surgery) Trial: Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial, David Lissauer, Amie Wilson, Jane Daniels, Lee Middleton, Jon Bishop, Catherine Hewitt, Abi Merriel, Rahat Qureshi, Iffat Ahmed, Humera Ismail

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: The estimated annual global burden of miscarriage is 33 million out of 210 million pregnancies. Many women undergoing miscarriage have surgery to remove pregnancy tissues, resulting in miscarriage surgery being one of the most common operations performed in hospitals in low-income countries. Infection is a serious consequence and can result in serious illness and death. In low-income settings, the infection rate following miscarriage surgery has been reported to be high. Good quality evidence on the use of prophylactic antibiotics for surgical miscarriage management is not available. Given that miscarriage surgery is common, and infective complications are frequent and serious, …

Expanding Access To Finance In Nyarugusu Refugee Camp: From Conceptualization To Implementation, Justin D. Bibee

Capstone Collection

Amidst the world’s worst refugee crises in history, as the number of refugees worldwide climbs past 22.5 million (OHCHR 2017), it is imperative that we find real, lasting and empowering solutions to their needs. We must ask ourselves, how can we best serve these refugees and the countries that host them? What needs of refugees remain elusive?

Programs directed at refugees traditionally cater to their physical needs such as food, clothing, shelter and medicine, while their financial needs are disregarded. Furthermore, programs that do generate income do not cater to the needs of safely storing, saving, sending and/or receiving money …

Inpatient Satisfaction At Different Public Sector Hospitals Of A Metropolitan City In Pakistan: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study, Mehwish Hussain, Rehana Rehman, Zia Ikramuddin, Nava Asad, Ayesha Farooq

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To observe inpatient satisfaction at different public sector hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out during 2010-2012 in four major public sector hospitals of Karachi. A total of 710 patients completed the study. Responses were gathered in a self-structured questionnaire that comprised of four dimensions of satisfaction with doctor, staff, administration and treatment. Average Score of each dimension was taken and compared using one way analysis of variance.
Result: Satisfaction with doctors, staff and administration of provincial and federal hospitals were comparatively similar (P > 0.05). However, satisfaction with treatment significantly differed in all four …

Hiv Suppresses Cervical Neutrophil Infiltration In Women With Normal Or Abnormal Pap Smears, Mika Caplan, Peter C. Angeletti, Duan Loy, Kandali Samwel, Daniela Gonzalez, Crispin Chisanga, Julius Mwaiselage, Asafu Munema, Brenda Bashekera, Kessy Goodwin, John Dustin Loy, John T. West, Charles Wood

UCARE: Research Products

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of CD4+ T cells results in a weakened immune system due to decreased white blood cells, particularly multi-lobed neutrophils (neutropenia) and other granulocytes.¹ The purpose of this study was to determine whether a correlation exists between HPV/HIV status and presence of neutrophils. To test this, we used a computer software program (QuPath) to analyze neutrophil infiltration seen in pap smears of both HIV+ and HIV- patients from samples collected in Tanzania from three different sites: Bagamoyo, Chalinze, and Dar es Salaam. The software was used to quantify neutrophils per image based on the size …

Mobile Bullying Among Rural South African Students: Examining The Applicability Of Existing Theories, Michael Eddie Kyobe Prof., Lucas Mimbi Dr, Phillimom Nembandona, Sive Mtshazi

The African Journal of Information Systems

Mobile bullying, which is one form of cyberbullying, is escalating in schools in South Africa. Research can contribute to better understanding of the nature of this aggression, and provide guidance in determining appropriate interventions and administration of justice. However, studies into cyberbullying tend to focus mainly on the urban environment. Rural South Africa involves a large percentage of mobile phone users and experiences in relatively different cultural and social-economic conditions. Lack of research on rural mobile bullying calls into question the applicability of existing theories of crime and cyberbullying to the rural context and their effectiveness in guiding legal and …

The Role Of The Transaction Assurance, Perceived Cost And The Perceived Innovation In The Decision To Continue Using Mobile Money Services Among Small Business Owners, Edison Wazoel Lubua Dr, Philip Pretorius

The African Journal of Information Systems

The motive of this study is to assess the role of the perceived transaction assurance, perceived transaction cost, and anticipated future innovations to predict the intention to continue using mobile money services. Currently, many models on the intention to continue using the technology are based on frameworks for general technology adoption. This study acknowledges the value of these frameworks, but extended the analysis to include the perceived transaction assurance and the perceived innovation upon testing. Other variables included in the study are as follows: the influence of the customer support, the ease of correcting mistakes, and the comfortability with transaction …

Let’S Talk Takataka: Impacts Of Plastic In The Stone Town Harbor Area, Zanzibar, Cj O’Brien

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Plastic pollution has become an anthropogenic crisis worldwide. In the Stone Town Harbor area in particular, consumerism, population growth, tourism and a deficient municipal waste management system contribute to alarming amounts of mismanaged plastic that enter the ocean. This is devastating for the diverse marine ecosystem that provides valuable resources to its flora and fauna and to it human inhabitants. In this study, micro-plastic at the sea surface as well as plastic on coastal beaches was quantified to determine the effects of plastic pollution in the area by use of a standard plankton net methodology. This study contributed to the …

Constructing Social Environments: The Evolving Relationship Between Uses And Management Of Urban Greenspace In Stone Town, Zanzibar, Mara Basich-Pease

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Despite the overwhelming enthusiasm for urban greenspaces throughout the Global North, discussion around parks in the developing world has scarcely been met with the same vigor. This study aims to bring attention to the unique aspects and strengths of urban greenspaces in East Africa, as well as the ways in which these spaces can be improved. The history, use, and management of greenspace was examined through literature review, observation, and interview. The historical and cultural significance of greenspace throughout Stone Town was found to both influence and run contrary to the current uses. Management of greenspace was convoluted and inefficient …

Selection Perception: Views On The Theory Of Evolution Among Residents Of Moshi, Tanzania, Robin Waterman

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The theory of evolution is a major tenet of biological science and has many practical applications, particularly in agriculture, medicine, and conservation. Nevertheless, there is significant opposition to the theory and its incorporation into school curricula, largely on religious grounds. This disconnect between public opinion and scientific opinion has been studied at length in the US and to some extent in other industrialized nations, but little is known about the issue in other communities around the world. This paper will use the town of Moshi, Tanzania as a case study in community views and knowledge about the theory of evolution. …

24th Annual Audley Webster Memorial Essay Contest Winners, Writing Program

2017 Winners

No abstract provided.

Grasping “The Influence Of Law On Sea Power”, James Kraska

Naval War College Review

Over the past two decades international maritime law has evolved from a set of rules designed to avoid naval warfare, by keeping maritime powers apart, toward a new global framework designed to facilitate maritime security cooperation, by bringing naval forces together to collaborate toward achieving common goals. The effects of this change are far-reaching—for the first time, law is a force multiplier for pursuing shared responsibilities in the maritime do-main.

Rain Rituals As A Barometer Of Vulnerability In An Uncertain Climate, L. Jen Shaffer

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

Researchers and aid agencies, seeking to improve their understanding of local climate change responses, adaptation, and vulnerability, frequently interact with communities around the world who strongly emphasize their religious beliefs and practices. Dismissal and misunderstandings of these local perspectives can slow assessments of local climate vulnerability and development of adaptive capacity. In this paper, I show how analysis of rain ritual failure exposes the multiple stressors Ronga communities in southern Mozambique face, and as such, serves as a proxy measure for climate vulnerability at the local level. Oral histories and targeted interviews with participating elders, local chiefs, and community members …

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (March 26, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Pieces Of Eight—An Appraisal Of U.S. Counterpiracy Options In The Horn Of Africa, Lesley Anne Warner

Naval War College Review

The key to success against piracy off the coast of Somalia lies in linking current sea-based counterpiracy methods with approaches designed to remedy the underlying instability ashore that produced piracy in the first place.

Places And Bases, Daniel J. Kostecka

Naval War College Review

Due to self-imposed policy, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) does not base military forces in foreign countries, and PRC officials have used this as evidence of China’s peaceful development. However, China’s growing global economic and political interests are causing Beijing to take a more nuanced approach to its policies regarding the deployment and employment of military force. Specifically, the ongoing deployment of People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) warships to the Gulf of Aden, now in the sixth rotation of combatants, to guard international shipping against pirates operating from the Horn of Africa has highlighted the need for shore-based logistics …