Digital Commons Network^™

The Relationship Between Cognitive And Neural Bases Of Metamemory Judgments, Alexandra M. Gaynor

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Metamemory monitoring, the process of making subjective assessments of the status of one’s own memory, is crucial to guiding behavior and effective learning. Past cognitive research has shown that subjective confidence judgments are inferential in nature, and based on cues available at the time of the judgment. When confidence is based on cues that are related to objective memory performance, metamemory accuracy is high. However, past studies have shown that metamemory monitoring tends to be inaccurate because individuals base their confidence on information that is not predictive of memory success, such as the fluency with which items were encoded during …

Supercharged Models Of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins And Their Utility In Sensing, Peter J. Schnatz

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In this thesis I show that greatly increasing the magnitude of a protein’s net charge using surface supercharging transforms that protein into a ligand-gated or counterion-gated conformational molecular switch. To demonstrate this I first modified the designed helical bundle hemoprotein H4 using simple molecular modeling, creating a highly charged protein which both unfolds reversibly at low ionic strength and undergoes the ligand-induced folding transition commonly observed in signal transduction by intrinsically disordered proteins in biology. Due to the high surface charge density, ligand binding to this protein is allosterically activated by low concentrations of divalent cations and the polyamine spermine. …

Bias-Motivated Homicides: Toward A New Typology, Lindsey Sank Davis

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Despite significant progress towards equal protection under the law for women, LGBT individuals, and people of color in the United States, hate crime remains a pervasive problem, and rates appear to have increased in recent years. Bias-motivated homicide – arguably the most serious form of hate crime – is statistically rare but may have far-reaching consequences for marginalized communities. Data from the Uniform Crime Reports and the National Crime Victimization Survey have suggested that, on average, fewer than 10 bias-motivated homicides occur in the United States per year; however, data from open sources indicate that the rate of bias-motivated homicide …

Beyond The Binary: Gender Identity And Mental Health Among Transgender And Gender Non-Conforming Adults, Chassitty N. Fiani

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Despite increasing endorsement of non-binary gender identities among TGNC (transgender or gender non-conforming) populations, research regarding TGNC experiences often over-emphasizes pathology relative to positive psychology and reinforces binary conceptualizations of gender (exclusively male/female). TGNC individuals face increased rates of depression, suicide risk, anxiety, substance abuse, HIV/AIDS, homelessness, victimization, and negative police interactions. These disparities are exacerbated by discrimination, lack of culturally competent resources, and internalized stigma. Despite these negative experiences and increased risks, TGNC individuals hesitate to seek treatment and/or police assistance due to fears of discrimination, cultural incompetence, and/or re-victimization. To address these gaps, the present investigation utilized a …

The Trajectory From School To Work: A Study Of Life Chances Of School Leavers In The United States, The United Kingdom, Germany, And Sweden, Dirk Witteveen

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The school-to-work transition is traditionally perceived as a one-time event; moving from education to one’s first job. In response to the increased complexity within today’s relationship between education and work, the research in this dissertation takes a different approach to the study of inequality and stratification. It considers the life phase between these two institutions as a trajectory – a pathway of several years wherein school careers and work careers overlap and interact.

Given the longitudinal approach, this study starts with a comparison of patterns of school-to-work trajectories in four distinct welfare state regimes: the United States, the United Kingdom, …

The Redemption Of Goethe’S Eternal Feminine: Discovering The Reality And Significance Of An Archetypal Phenomenon, Mariana Weisler

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This thesis traces the phenomenological history and significance of the archetype of the Eternal Feminine, as well as her role in Goethe’s Faust. Although the Eternal Feminine (Goethe’s “das Ewig-Weibliche”) first appears in literary form in 1832 with the publication of Faust: Part II, she has an ancient archetypal history that reaches from the age of pre-patriarchal domination into the modern era. This thesis contends that the Eternal Feminine is a Jungian archetype—a “primordial image” or motif that exists unconsciously and evokes a universal experience within both the individual and the society. Five historical figures exemplify the archetype of the …

Personality Traits And Mental Health Of University Male Students Viewing Internet Pornography, Komal Razzaq, Muhammad Rafiq, Fatima Sana, Zahid Mahmood

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Studies have indicated that viewing internet pornography is like addiction and has been implicated in the development of psychosocial issues leading to mental health. However, in view of Pakistani culture, psychosocial issues and mental health problems associated with viewing internet pornography especially in perspective to personality traits are not studied yet. Objective: Objective of the current study was to investigate any effect of personality traits on mental health of university male students viewing internet pornography.

Three Siblings With Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease With No Other Family History, Prem Chand, Pooja Manglani, Faiq Amin, Fazal Manzoor Arain

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is one of the most common inherited disorders of the peripheral nervous system. Patients diagnosed with CMT disease have axonal degeneration which results in muscle wasting, sensory loss and weakness. These patients have a very characteristic walking gait and shape of hands, along with other changes. Despite many common visible changes, no singular common genetic mutation for this disease or its cure has been identified. Therefore more case series for this disease needs to be identified so that future studies increase our knowledge about this disease. Here, we present a case series of 3 out of 4 …

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis At High Altitude, Maryam J Syed, Wasim Alamgir, Mohammad Wasay

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CVT) is one of the rarest causes of stroke. It is described as complete or partial occlusion of the sinuses or cortical veins of the brain. A relationship between high altitude (HA) and cerebral venous thrombosis has been long suspected due to various case reports and studies, however, the exact underlying mechanisms and etiologies are highly complex and debatable. In this article review we discuss the incidence etiologies, risk factors, clinical presentations and management of CVT at high altitude. CVT majorly affects young people [2]. It presents with a wide variety of clinical presentations due to the …

The Plot To Overthrow Genocide: State Laws Mandating Education About The Foulest Crime Of All

Marquette Law Review

This Article shines a light on a little noticed phenomenon in American law: the promulgation of ten state statutes and one state regulation, each requiring education about genocide in elementary and/or secondary schools. The mandates, adopted from 1989 through 2018, appear to be only the beginning inasmuch as in 2017 another nineteen states publicly pledged to pass such mandates as well.

The Article describes each of the existing mandates and compares them to each other, including an analysis of the laws’ respective strong and weak points. This exposition, of interest in itself, also sets the stage for proposals to improve …

Can Genetic Factors Compromise The Success Of Dental Implants? A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Joel Ferreira Santiago Junior, Cláudia Cristina Biguetti, Mariza Akemi Matsumoto, Guilherme Abu Halawa Kudo, Raquel Barroso Parra Da Silva, Patrícia Pinto Saraiva, Walid D. Fakhouri

School of Podiatric Medicine Publications

Dental implants provide a predictable treatment option for partial and complete edentulism via the placement of a fixed permanent artificial root to support prosthetic dental crowns. Despite the high survival rates, long-term dental implant failures are still reported, leading to implant removals and additional financial and health burdens. While extrinsic factors that improve the success rate of implants have been well explored, the impact of genetic factors on this matter is poorly understood. A systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted to determine whether genetic factors contribute to an increased risk of dental implant failures. A comprehensive search for peer-reviewed …

Accurate Flexible Refinement Of Atomic Models Against Medium-Resolution Cryo-Em Maps Using Damped Dynamics, Julio A. Kovacs, Vitold E. Galkin, Willy Wriggers

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Background: Dramatic progress has recently been made in cryo-electron microscopy technologies, which now make possible the reconstruction of a growing number of biomolecular structures to near-atomic resolution. However, the need persists for fitting and refinement approaches that address those cases that require modeling assistance.

Methods: In this paper, we describe algorithms to optimize the performance of such medium-resolution refinement methods. These algorithms aim to automatically optimize the parameters that define the density shape of the flexibly fitted model, as well as the time-dependent damper cutoff distance. Atomic distance constraints can be prescribed for cases where extra containment of parts of …

Assessing The Relationship Between Groundwater Nitrate Concentrations And Environmental Variables Through Repeat Sampling And Statistical Machine Learning: Dutch Flats, Nebraska, Martin Wells

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Nitrate-contaminated aquifers are common in landscapes dominated by agricultural land use. Health concerns related to consuming nitrate-contaminated groundwater are well documented and continued research aimed at decreasing concentrations is critical. A 1990s U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) study focused on groundwater characteristics in the Dutch Flats area of western Nebraska. Agricultural-related practices were determined to largely influence groundwater recharge and nitrate concentrations ([NO₃^-]). Since the conclusion of the USGS study, a transition to more efficient irrigation technology has been observed in this region. The emphasis of this 2016 study was to resample several well nests examined in 1998 …

Wild, Native Bees And Managed Honey Bees Benefit From Similar Agricultural Land Uses, Elaine Evans, Matthew Smart, Dan Cariveau, Marla Spivak

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Although both managed and unmanaged bees are important pollinators of crops and wild plants, efforts to address questions about landscapes that best support pollinators often focus on either wild pollinators or honey bees. This study examined if there was concordance between the success of wild bee communities and managed honey bee colonies at sites varying in floral availability and disturbance level in a predominantly agricultural landscape. We also determined which agricultural land uses best supported wild bee communities. The study area in the state of North Dakota in Northern Great Plains in North America is home to understudied native bee …

A Case Study On The Experiences Of Black Men Participating In An African-American Male Initiative At A Post-Secondary Institution, Michael A. Gibson

Dissertations

In the United States, African-American men are dominant in the entertainment industry mainly in sports and music. However, their success in entertainment does not translate to education. Many Black men grow up not having a positive experience in education, thus they do not see its value. However, many see the value in striving after a false sense of masculinity comprised of sex, drugs, money, and crime. This research was conducted to see how effective Black male mentorship through an African-American Male Initiative could be for Black males in a post-secondary institution in providing the positive experience in education that they …

Pre-Clinical Pharmacology: An Important Aspect In Homoeopathic Research, Pankaj Gupta, E Sundaram, Mahima Sharma, Suneel Prajapati, B Arya, Anil Khurana, Raj Manchanda

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Before the 20th century, research in Homeopathy was limited either for its proving in healthy human volunteers or to its clinical verification/clinical efficacy in diseased individuals. However, in recent years, there has been an increased trend in the number of pre-clinical studies aimed to evaluate the pharmacological activity produced by homeopathic medicines. The objective of this review is to make a systemic compilation of results of experimental pharmacological findings of homeopathic medicines, both in vitro and in animal models, and to present the same in a summarised form. Methods: Articles published up to March 2017 having information of in …

Oral Sensations And Secretions, Cordelia Running

Department of Food Science Faculty Publications

Sensations experienced in the mouth influence food choices, both immediately and in the long term. Such sensations are themselves influenced by experience with flavors, the chemical environment of the mouth, genetics of receptors for flavors, and individual behavior in the chewing of food. Gustation, the sense of taste, yields information about nutrients, influences palatability, and feeds into the human body's preparation to receive those nutrients. Olfaction, the sense of smell, contributes enormously to defining and identifying food flavors (and is experienced even after placing food inside the mouth). Another vital component of food flavor is texture, which contributes …

Molecular Characterization Of Trichuris Ovis From Goats In Hunan Province Of China, Jia-Min Tang, Lu-Lin Song, Lin-Feng Nie, Fen Li

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Trichuris ovis (Nematoda: Trichuridae) is a widespread nematode that can infect a broad range of animal hosts, such as goats, sheep and oryx. This parasite is of vital importance as a pathogen, but its population genetics, molecular epidemiology and biology are still not well understood. In this study, T. ovis isolates were collected from goats in Hunan province, China, and sequences variation in cox1 gene were examined. A portion of cox1 gene from each collected adult T. ovis individual was separately amplified using the PCR method, and the amplicons were sequenced from both directions. The sequences of pcox1 gene were …

Syrian Hamster (Mesocricetus Auratus) As An Animal Model For Haplorchis Taichui Infection: Biology, Morphology, And Pathology, Jiraporn Songsri, Thidarut Boonmars, Sirintip Boonjaraspinyo, Ratchadawan Aukkanimart, Pranee Sriraj, Parichart Boueroy, Nadchanan Wongchalee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Haplorchis taichui is a trematode that can mature in the small intestine of mammals and birds, including humans. Larval stages occur in various invertebrate and cold-blooded vertebrate hosts. The purpose of this study was to investigate parasite growth, including worm recovery rate, the body size of adult worms, eggs per worm and eggs per gram of feces and pathological changes of the small intestine in experimental hamsters. In this study, 6- to 8-weekold male Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were each infected with 200 H.taichui metacercariae and then sacrificed at weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 post-infection. The small …

Development Of An Insoluble Hyaluronic Acid Membrane As An Effective Material For The Prevention Of Post-Thoracotomy Pleural Adhesions In Dogs, Akiko Uemura, Takashi Tanaka, Pinkarn Chantawong, Pitipat Kitpipatkun, Ryou Tanaka

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A novel membrane was previously found to be effective in preventing post-thoracotomy pleural adhesions in dogs. The aim of the present study was to verify the animals’ clinical condition, the biological fate of the residual membrane, the presence or absence of pleural adhesions, and any inflammatory reactions over a 10-week observation period following membrane implantation. The animals used were two male beagles. The experimental membrane, an insoluble hyaluronic acid membrane containing glycerin, was implanted under general anesthesia above the visceral pleura in the left pleural cavity of each dog after exposure to air for 30 min. A drainage tube was …

Development Of Hurricane Storm Surge Model To Predict Coastal Highway Inundation For South Texas, Sara E. Davila, Adan Garza, Jungseok Ho

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Forecasting areas prone to flooding will allow us to send off our information gathered to departments such as TxDOT and the United States Department of Transportation. This would then enable these departments to create appropriate evacuation routes, depicting which roads are clear and which cannot be used in the event of a storm. Simulating hurricanes that have passed through this area such as Dolly in 2008, Beulah in 1967, and Bret in 1999 will display the roads and federal highways that frequently tend to get flooded. Identifying the “danger roads” and which federal highways will ultimately be useful for various …

Giant Bilateral Adrenal Myelolipomas In Two Chinese Families With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, Qiuli Liu, Lin-Ang Wang, Jian Su, Dali Tong, Weihua Lan, Luofu Wang, Gaolei Liu, Jun Zhang, Victor Wei Zhang, Dianzheng Zhang, Rongrong Chen, Qingyi Zhu, Jun Jiang

PCOM Scholarly Works

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is one of the most prevalent, and potentially severe, genetic inborn errors of steroid synthesis directly affecting metabolism. Most patients are diagnosed and treated at an early age. There have been very limited reports of adults with CAH-associated adrenal myelolipomas. We aimed to analyze two families with CAH-associated giant adrenal myelolipomas caused by defects in CYP21A2 and CYP17A1 genes.

PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: A total of 14 individuals from two unrelated families were identified with either CYP21A2 or CYP17A1 mutations. Of note, 5 patients were found with adrenal myelolipomas. Total DNA isolated from the …

Exploring The Links Between Early Life And Young Adulthood Social Experiences And Men’S Later Life Psychobiology As Fathers, Mallika S. Sarma, Patty X. Kuo, Sonny Agustin Bechayda, Christopher W. Kuzawa, Lee T. Gettler

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Early life cues of environmental harshness and unpredictability have been hypothesized to influence within-species variation in the timing of life history transitions and the dynamics of reproductive strategies, such as investments in mating and parenting. It is also believed that adolescence is an influential developmental period for male reproductive strategies, with those who achieve greater social and sexual success during that period maintaining faster life history strategies into adulthood. If correct, such early life and post-pubertal experiences could also help shape the psychobiological pathways that mediate reproductive strategies, including the well-documented physiological shifts that occur when some men become parents. …

A Disturbance In The Force: Cellular Stress Sensing By The Mitochondrial Network, Robert Gilkerson

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

As a highly dynamic organellar network, mitochondria are maintained as an organellar network by delicately balancing fission and fusion pathways. This homeostatic balance of organellar dynamics is increasingly revealed to play an integral role in sensing cellular stress stimuli. Mitochondrial fission/fusion balance is highly sensitive to perturbations such as loss of bioenergetic function, oxidative stress, and other stimuli, with mechanistic contribution to subsequent cell-wide cascades including inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis. The overlapping activity with m-AAA protease 1 (OMA1) metallopeptidase, a stress-sensitive modulator of mitochondrial fusion, and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), a regulator of mitochondrial fission, are key factors that shape …

Pathogenicity And Protection Mediated By A Single Tcrβ In Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, Tianhua Wu

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

How the TCR repertoire, together with risk-associated major histocompatibility complex (MHC), imposes susceptibility for autoimmune disease is not fully understood. A small fraction of TCR α or β chains are “public”, and are shared by most individuals.High-throughput sequencing of the mouse TCRβ repertoire during myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced experimental autoimmuneencephalomyelitis (EAE) identified a public TCRβ chain, TCRβ1, which was highly shared among individual mice and preferentially deployed during EAE. Retrogenic expression of TCRβ1 resulted in spontaneous early-onset EAE in mice with high penetrance and severity, despite being paired with a diverse endogenous TCRα repertoire. To further study autoimmunity conferred by …

Assessing The Effects Of Habitat Restoration On Shrubland Specialists: Case Study On The New England Cottontail And Shrubland Birds, Melissa Lyn Bauer

Master's Theses and Capstones

Loss and fragmentation of shrubland habitat in the northeastern United States due to succession, suppression of natural disturbance regimes, and development (Cronon 1983, Litvaitis 1993) have resulted in declines of populations of shrubland specialist species, including the New England cottontail (Sylvilagus transitionalis) and shrubland birds (Litvaitis et al. 2006, Schlossberg & King 2007). The New England cottontail’s range has declined by over 86% (Litvaitis et al. 2006, Fenderson et al. 2014, Brubaker et al. 2014) and remaining populations are small and exhibit fine-scale structure, limited dispersal, and loss of metapopulation function (Fenderson 2011, 2014, Cheeseman 2017, Chapter 1). In the …

Diagnostic Validity Of Different Cephalometric Analyses For Assessment Of The Sagittal Skeletal Pattern., Maheen Akhtar Syed, Attiya Shaikh, Mubassar Fida

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

INTRODUCTION:
Numerous cephalometric analyses have been proposed to diagnose the sagittal discrepancy of the craniofacial structures.
OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed at evaluating the reliability and validity of different skeletal analyses for the identification of sagittal skeletal pattern.
METHODS:
A total of 146 subjects (males = 77; females = 69; mean age = 23.6 ± 4.6 years) were included. The ANB angle, Wits appraisal, Beta angle, AB plane angle, Downs angle of convexity and W angle were used to assess the anteroposterior skeletal pattern on lateral cephalograms. The sample was classified into Class I, II and III groups as determined by …

2018 Grizzly Football Yearbook, University Of Montana--Missoula. Athletics Department

Grizzly Football Yearbook, 1939-2018

Annual yearbook of the University of Montana’s Athletics Department. This volume covers the period from fall 2018 through spring 2019.

Bacteria And Competing Herbivores Weaken Top–Down And Bottom–Up Aphid Suppression, Carmen K. Blubaugh, Lynne Carpenter-Boggs, John P. Reganold, Robert N. Schaeffer, William E. Snyder

Publications

Herbivore suppression is mediated by both plant defenses and predators. In turn, plant defenses are impacted by soil fertility and interactions with soil bacteria. Measuring the relative importance of nutritional and microbial drivers of herbivore resistance has proven problematic, in part because it is difficult to manipulate soil-bacterial community composition. Here, we exploit variation in soil fertility and microbial biodiversity across 20 farms to untangle suppression of aphids (Brevicoryne brassicae) through bottom–up and top–down channels. We planted Brassica oleracea plants in soil from each farm, manipulated single and dual infestations of aphids alone or with caterpillars (Pieris …

E-Hooks Provide Guidance And A Soft Landing For The Microtubule Binding Domain Of Dynein, Nayere Tajielyato, Lin Li, Yunhui Peng, Joshua Alper, Emil Alexov

Publications

Macromolecular binding is a complex process that involves sensing and approaching the binding partner, adopting the proper orientation, and performing the physical binding. We computationally investigated the role of E-hooks, which are intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) at the C-terminus of tubulin, on dynein microtubule binding domain (MTBD) binding to the microtubule as a function of the distance between the MTBD and its binding site on the microtubule. Our results demonstrated that the contacts between E-hooks and the MTBD are dynamical; multiple negatively charted patches of amino acids on the E-hooks grab and release the same positively charged patches on the …