Digital Commons Network^™

Family History And Obesity In Youth, Their Effect On Acylcarnitine/Aminoacids Metabolomics And Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (Nafld). Structural Equation Modeling Approach, Maria Elena Romero-Ibarguengoitia, Felipe Vadillo-Ortega, Augusto Enrique Caballero, Isabel Ibarra-Gonzalez, Arturo Herrera-Rosas, Maria Fabiola Serratos-Canales, Mireya Leon-Hernandez, Antonio Gonzalez-Chavez, Srinivas Mummidi, Ravindranath Duggirala, Juan Carlos Lopez Alvarenga

School of Medicine Publications

Background

Structural equation modeling (SEM) can help understanding complex functional relationships among obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), family history of obesity, targeted metabolomics and pro-inflammatory markers. We tested two hypotheses: 1) If obesity precedes an excess of free fatty acids that increase oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, there would be an increase of serum acylcarnitines, amino acids and cytokines in obese subjects. Acylcarnitines would be related to non-alcoholic fatty disease that will induce insulin resistance. 2) If a positive family history of obesity and type 2 diabetes are the major determinants of the metabolomic profile, there would be higher …

Montana Kaimin, February 21, 2018, Students Of The University Of Montana, Missoula

Montana Kaimin, 1898-present

Student newspaper of the University of Montana, Missoula.

Type I Ifns And Tnf Cooperatively Reprogram The Macrophage Epigenome To Promote Inflammatory Activation, Sung Ho Park, Kyuho Kang, Eugenia Giannopoulou, Yu Qiao, Keunsoo Kang, Geonho Kim, Kyung-Hyun Park-Min, Lionel B. Ivashkiv

Publications and Research

Cross-regulation of Toll-like receptor responses by cytokines is essential for effective host defense, avoidance of toxicity, and homeostasis, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. A comprehensive epigenomic approach in human macrophages showed that the proinflammatory cytokines TNF and type I IFNs induce transcriptional cascades that alter chromatin states to broadly reprogram TLR4-induced responses. TNF tolerized inflammatory genes to prevent toxicity, while preserving antiviral and metabolic gene induction. Type I IFNs potentiated TNF inflammatory function by priming chromatin to prevent silencing of inflammatory NF-κB target genes. Priming of chromatin enabled robust transcriptional responses to weak upstream signals. Similar chromatin …

Choosing Stem College Majors: Exploring The Role Of Pre-College Engineering Courses, L. Allen Phelps, Eric M. Camburn, Sookweon Min

Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER)

Despite the recent policy proclamations urging state and local educators to implement integrated science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) curricula, relatively little is known about the role and impact of pre-college engineering courses within these initiatives. When combined with appropriate mathematics and science courses, high school engineering and engineering technology (E&ET) courses may have the potential to provide students with pre-college learning experiences that encourage them to pursue STEM college majors. Our central research question was: What is the nature and extent of any relationship between high school E&ET course completion and subsequent selection of a STEM major in a …

Arthropod Fauna Associated With Wild And Cultivated Cranberries In Wisconsin, Shawn A. Steffan, Merritt E. Singleton, Michael L. Draney, Elissa M. Chasen, Kyle E. Johnson, Juan E. Zalapa

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) is an evergreen, trailing shrub native to North American peatlands. It is cultivated commercially in the US and Canada, with major production centers in Wisconsin, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Washington, Québec, and British Columbia. Despite the agricultural importance of cranberry in Wisconsin, relatively little is known of its arthropod associates, particularly the arachnid fauna. Here we report preliminary data on the insect and spider communities associated with wild and cultivated cranberries in Wisconsin. We then compare the insect and spider communities of wild cranberry systems to those of cultivated cranberries, indexed by region. Approximately 7,400 …

Leptinotarsa Decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Observed Feeding On Chamaesaracha Sp. In Eastern Colorado., Michael S. Crossley, Benjamin Pélissié, Zachary Cohen, Sean D. Schoville

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Egg, larval, and adult life stages of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), were observed feeding on or attached to a previously undocumented host plant belonging to the genus Chamaesaracha in eastern Colorado on July 2017. At one site, L. decemlineata were more abundant on Chamaesaracha sp. than the accepted ancestral host plant, Solanum rostratum (Dunal). While future studies should confirm the ancestral status of the observed L. decemlineata and suitability of Chamaesaracha sp. for completion of development, our observations suggest a need for further characterization of the ancestral host range of L. decemlineata.

The Ability Of Specific-Wavelength Led Lights To Attract Night-Flying Insects, Ryan S. Zemel, David Houghton

The Great Lakes Entomologist

This paper describes a portable collecting light, designed by the authors, that weighs 0.3 kg, is powered by 8 AA batteries, and uses 9 light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to attract night-flying insects. Five different wavelengths of these LED lights, all within the long-wave ultraviolet spectrum, were compared to each other and to a commercially-available 15w fluorescent ultraviolet tube light for their abilities to collect insects over a series of 5 nights in July 2016. There was no difference in order richness, total specimen abundance, or the specimen abundance of most common orders between any of the wavelengths tested. Most LED wavelengths, …

Sexting And Mental Health: A School-Based Longitudinal Study Among Youth In Texas, Pooja Chaudhary, Melissa Peskin, Jeff R. Temple, Robert C. Addy, Elizabeth Baumler, Ross Shegog

Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk

Background: Sexting has emerged as a common socio-cultural problem in our society today. Few studies have estimated the prevalence of sexting among younger middle school youth and even fewer have assessed the relationship between sexting and mental health outcomes like anxiety and depression symptoms among middle school youth.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of sexting among sixth and seventh-grade middle school students in a large urban school district in Southeast Texas and to assess its relationship with mental health outcomes (both anxiety and depression) among these youth.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of an existing three-year randomized, two-arm, nested longitudinal study …

The Drosophilids Of A Pristine Old-Growth Northern Hardwood Forest, Thomas Werner

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The current study summarizes the results of a species inventory survey for drosophilid flies (family Drosophilidae, order Diptera) in a primeval forest in northern Michigan. The two main goals of the investigation were to list the species inhabiting the Huron Mountain Club and to collect live specimens for the illustrations in the book "Drosophilids of the Midwest and Northeast". From 2014 to 2016, I found 22 drosophilid species, which belong to the two subfamilies Steganinae and Drosophilinae. Future long-term studies are planned to test how the drosophilid populations respond to climate change.

Tgle Vol 50 Nos. 3 & 4 Full Issue

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The Great Lakes Entomologist Volume 50 Numbers 3 & 4 Fall/Winter full issue.

Insect (Arthropoda: Insecta) Composition In The Diet Of Ornate Box Turtles (Terrapene Ornata Ornata) In Two Western Illinois Sand Prairies, With A New State Record For Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Reese J. Worthington, E. R. Sievers, D. B. Ligon, P. K. Lago

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A study of fecal samples collected over a two-year period from juvenile ornate box turtles (Terrapene ornata ornata Agassiz) revealed diets consisting of six orders of insects representing 19 families. Turtles were reared in captivity from eggs harvested from local, wild populations, and released at two remnant prairies. Identifiable insect fragments were found in 94% of samples in 2013 (n=33) and 96% in 2014 (n=25). Frequency of occurrence of insects in turtle feces is similar to results reported in previous studies of midwestern Terrapene species. A comparison of insect composition presented no significant difference between release sites. There is …

Scorpions Of Sri Lanka (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part Ii. Family Hormuridae, František Kovařík, Kithsiri B. Ranawana, V. A. Sanjeewa Jayarathne, Sanjaya Karunarathna, Alexander Ullrich

Euscorpius

Liocheles australasiae (Fabricius, 1775) is reported for the first time from Sri Lanka. Sri Lankan population is fully complemented with color photos of live and preserved females, as well as its habitat.

Personal History Ethnography In Environmental Anthropology: A Methodological Case Study, Eleanor Shoreman-Ouimet

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

The study of the relationship between humans and the environment and the ways in which humans use, abuse, or protect the environment is in part a study of motivation. Understanding the basis for motivation requires not just understanding individual or community sentiment towards the environment but researching the cultural norms, values and beliefs that underlie and foster cultural perspectives in the first place. But how do we begin to determine where, when and how those cultural norms, values, beliefs get developed, taught and inculcated?

The following paper presents the collection of life hisories as one methodological approach to accessing the …

Fgf2-Dependent Mesenchyme And Laminin-111 Are Niche Factors In Salivary Gland Organoids, Zeinab F. Hosseini, Deirdre A. Nelson, Nicholas Moskwa, Lauren M. Sfakis, James Castracane, Melinda Larsen

Biological Sciences Faculty Scholarship

Epithelial progenitor cells are dependent upon a complex 3D niche to promote their proliferation and differentiation during development, which can be recapitulated in organoids. The specific requirements of the niche remain unclear for many cell types, including the proacinar cells that give rise to secretory acinar epithelial cells that produce saliva. Here, using ex vivo cultures of E16 primary mouse submandibular salivary gland epithelial cell clusters, we investigated the requirement for mesenchymal cells and other factors in producing salivary organoids in culture. Native E16 salivary mesenchyme, but not NIH3T3 cells or mesenchymal cell conditioned medium, supported robust protein expression of …

Prevention And Control Of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution And Aquatic Environmental Protection, Yang Linzhang, Wu Yonghong

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Agricultural non-point source pollution is becoming the main source of pollution load of surface waters since the point source pollution has been controlled in China step by step, potentially threatening the health of aquatic ecosystem and safety of drink water. This work analyzes the characteristics and forming reasons of the agricultural non-point source pollution, summarizes the main technologies and theory, in particular the 4R theory of reduce-retain-reuse-restore that prevents and controls agricultural non-point source pollution based on whole ecosystem. This work also analyzes the main problems of current technologies and theories of preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution. Based …

Biochar For Sustainable Soil Management: Biomass Technology And Industry From Soil Perspectives, Liu Xiaoyu, Bian Rongjun, Lu Haifei, Zheng Jufeng, Cheng Kun, Li Lianqing, Zhang Xuhui, Pan Genxing

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Understanding of the dark fertile soil named "Terra Preta" from the ancient Amazonian agriculture has led to a global trend of an emerging science of biochar since the early 2000's. It has been well accepted as an approach for soil sustainable management by producing biochar via pyrolysis of agro-wastes and amending it into agricultural soils. It is a new way of organic wastes treatment and soil fertility improvement. With the development of large scaled industrial system of biochar from pyrolysis and biochar-based fertilizers manufacture, it has become an ample opportunity to enhance soil carbon stock, save chemical fertilizer, increase yield, …

The Current Volume 28: Issue 21, Nova Southeastern University

Student Newspapers

No abstract provided.

More Than 1,200 Employees To Be Honored During Annual Service Awards, Haley Herfurth

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

The Wasteland, Tiasa Adhya

The Goose

Riverine floodplains and deltas that have cradled human civilization and are now ravaged by ecologically blind land-use policies form the context of this poem. Policies that term nutrient rich wetlands as "wastelands" are economically motivated and backed by policy makers for short-term gains. The conversion of wetlands makes refugees out of resident wild species. The first few lines of the poem describe the character of the fishing cat, the only cat in South Asia that is adapted for wetlands and is an indicator of the health of wetland ecosystems. The poem talks of a nemesis that awaits the human world—we …

An Exome-Wide Sequencing Study Of Lipid Response To High-Fat Meal And Fenofibrate In Caucasians From The Goldn Cohort, Xin Geng, Marguerite R. Irvin, Bertha Hidalgo, Stella Aslibekyan, Vinodh Srinivasasainagendra, Ping An, Alexis C. Frazier-Wood, Hemant K. Tiwari, Tushar Dave, Kathleen Ryan, Jose M. Ordovas, Robert J. Straka, Mary F. Feitosa, Paul N. Hopkins, Ingrid Borecki, Michael A. Province, Braxton D. Mitchell, Donna K. Arnett, Degui Zhi

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Our understanding of genetic influences on the response of lipids to specific interventions is limited. In this study, we sought to elucidate effects of rare genetic variants on lipid response to a high-fat meal challenge and fenofibrate (FFB) therapy in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) cohort using an exome-wide sequencing-based association study. Our results showed that the rare coding variants in ITGA7, SIPA1L2, and CEP72 are significantly associated with fasting LDL cholesterol response to FFB (P = 1.24E-07), triglyceride postprandial area under the increase (AUI) (P = 2.31E-06), and triglyceride postprandial …

February 20, 2018, Faculty Senate

Minutes

No abstract provided.

A Cytochrome P450 Cyp71 Enzyme Expressed In Sorghum Bicolor Root Hair Cells Participates In The Biosynthesis Of The Benzoquinone Allelochemical Sorgoleone, Zhiqiang Pan, Scott R. Baerson, Mei Wang, Joanna Bajsa‐Hirschel, Agnes M. Rimando, Xiaoqiang Wang, N. P. Dhammika Nanayakkara, Brice P. Noonan, Michael Fromm, Franck E. Dayan, Ikhlas A. Khan, Stephen O. Duke

Faculty and Student Publications (Open Access)

No abstract provided.

Halogenated Diarylacetylenes And Methods Of Treating Cancer, Vitaliy M. Sviripa, Wen Zhang, Chunming Liu, David S. Watt

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

Halogenated diarylacetylenes, e.g., diarylacetylenes having at least one halo substituent in one aryl ring and an amine in the opposing aryl ring, can inhibit the proliferation of LSI 74T colon cancer cells through the inhibition of c-myc and induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-I (i.e., p21(Wifl/Cipl)). Such compounds are useful as antineoplastic agents.

The Premammillary Nucleus Of The Hypothalamus Is Not Necessary For Photoperiodic Timekeeping In Female Turkeys (Meleagris Gallopavo), Ashli F. Moore, Vincent M. Cassone, Kevin D. Alloway, Paul A. Bartell

Biology Faculty Publications

In birds, seasonal reproduction is regulated by day length, with long days in the spring activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and reproductive behaviors. The photoreceptors mediating this process remain unknown, but recently, the premammillary nucleus (PMM) of the hypothalamus has been implicated as the site of photoperiodic signaling in turkeys. We performed electrolytic lesions of the PMM to elucidate its role in the photoactivation and maintenance of egg production in female turkeys. Our results show that ablation of the PMM does not alter the normal lay cycle. No differences were found between lesioned birds and sham controls in the latency to …

Minutes, Curriculum Committee Meeting, Tuesday, February 20, 2018, Curriculum Committee

Curriculum Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.

Immune Function And The Decision To Deploy Weapons During Fights In The Beadlet Anemone Actinia Equina., Sarah M. Lane, Mark Briffa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The ability to mitigate the costs of engaging in a fight will depend on an individual's physiological state. However, the experience of fighting itself may in turn affect an individual's state, especially if the fight results in injury. Previous studies found a correlation between immune state and fighting success, but the causal direction of this relationship remains unclear. Does immune state determine fighting success? Or does fighting itself influence subsequent immune state? Using the beadlet anemone Actinia equina, we disentangle the cause and effect of this relationship, measuring immune response once pre-fight and twice post-fight. Contrary to previous findings, pre-fight …

Cross-Modality Information Transfer: A Hypothesis About The Relationship Among Prehistoric Cave Paintings, Symbolic Thinking, And The Emergence Of Language, Shigeru Miyagawa, Cora Lesure, Vitor A. Nóbrega

KIP Articles

Early modern humans developed mental capabilities that were immeasurably greater than those of non-human primates. We see this in the rapid innovation in tool making, the development of complex language, and the creation of sophisticated art forms, none of which we find in our closest relatives. While we can readily observe the results of this high-order cognitive capacity, it is difficult to see how it could have developed. We take up the topic of cave art and archeoacoustics, particularly the discovery that cave art is often closely connected to the acoustic properties of the cave chambers in which it is …

2018-02-20 The Lux Program, Morehead State University. General Education Review Task Force.

Faculty Senate Records

Proposal from the General Education Review Task Force for a new General Education program delivered to the faculty on February 20, 2018.

Acute Pressor Response To Psychosocial Stress Is Dependent On Endothelium‐Derived Endothelin‐1, Brandon M. Fox, Bryan K. Becker, Analia S. Loria, Kelly A. Hyndman, Chunhua Jin, Hannah Clark, Robin Johns, Masashi Yanagisawa, David M. Pollock, Jennifer S. Pollock

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

Acute psychosocial stress provokes increases in circulating endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) levels in humans and animal models. However, key questions about the physiological function and cellular source of stress‐induced ET‐1 remain unanswered. We hypothesized that endothelium‐derived ET‐1 contributes to the acute pressor response to stress via activation of the endothelin A receptor.

Methods and Results

Adult male vascular endothelium‐specific ET‐1 knockout mice and control mice that were homozygous for the floxed allele were exposed to acute psychosocial stress in the form of cage switch stress (CSS), with blood pressure measured by telemetry. An acute pressor response was elicited by CSS in …

Measuring 3d Molecular Orientation And Rotational Mobility Using A Tri-Spot Point Spread Function, Oumeng Zhang, Tianben Ding, Jin Lu, Hesam Mazidi, Matthew D. Lew

Electrical & Systems Engineering Publications and Presentations

We present a method to measure the molecular orientation and rotational mobility of single-molecule emitters by designing and implementing a Tri-spot point spread function. It can measure all degrees of freedom related to molecular orientation and rotational mobility. Its design is optimized by maximizing the theoretical limit of its measurement precision. We evaluate the precision and accuracy of the Tri-spot PSF by measuring the orientation and effective rotational mobility of single fluorescent molecules embedded in a polymer matrix.